386:"the homosexual conduct of a parent — conduct involving a sexual relationship between two persons of the same gender — creates a strong presumption of unfitness that alone is sufficient justification for denying that parent custody of his or her own children or prohibiting the adoption of the children of others. ... Homosexual conduct is, and has been, considered abhorrent, immoral, detestable, a crime against nature, and a violation of the laws of nature and of nature's God upon which this Nation and our laws are predicated. Such conduct violates both the criminal and civil laws of this State and is destructive to a basic building block of society — the family. The law of Alabama is not only clear in its condemning such conduct, but the courts of this State have consistently held that exposing a child to such behavior has a destructive and seriously detrimental effect on the children. It is an inherent evil against which children must be protected."
1472:" in accordance with DSM-5 (2013), is made only if there is "clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning", the American Psychiatric Association advises. The DSM-IV (1994) listed "gender identity disorder" with simlilar clinical criteria. Between 1980 and 1994, "transsexualism" was listed as a mental disorder by the DSM-III, without any criteria of "distress" or "impaired function" (in effect, classifying
846:(PRRI) poll found that 53% of Alabamians supported same-sex marriage, while 41% were opposed. 6% were undecided. The same poll also found that 69% supported an anti-discrimination law covering sexual orientation and gender identity. 26% were against. 5% were undecided. Additionally, 47% were against allowing public businesses to refuse to serve LGBTQ people due to religious beliefs, while 46% supported allowing such religiously-based refusals. 6% were undecided.
1389:
733:
dysphoria, and to "any mental health treatment" of these children. In August 2023, a three-judge panel of the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of
Appeals decided to allow the ban to take effect. On September 11, 2023, plaintiffs asked for a rehearing in the full court. Although the U.S. Department of Justice tried to pause this case, on December 26, 2023, U.S. District Judge Liles Burke said it could continue. A trial is scheduled for April 2024.
839:(PRRI) poll found that 42% of Alabamians supported same-sex marriage, while 51% were opposed. 7% were undecided. The same poll also found that 58% supported an anti-discrimination law covering sexual orientation and gender identity. 34% were against. Additionally, 51% were against allowing public businesses to refuse to serve LGBTQ people due to religious beliefs, while 41% supported allowing such religiously-based refusals.
4132:
656:(including puberty blockers, hormones, or surgeries) to anyone under the age of 19. The medical provider can be punished by 10 years in prison. The ban was temporarily not enforceable while it was challenged in court. On August 21, 2023, the 11th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals said that Alabama could begin enforcing the ban until the court could make a permanent decision. The trial is scheduled for April 2, 2024.
4120:
1375:
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1114:
41:
1101:
1139:
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The age of consent in
Alabama is 16 years old; however, sexual contact is legal with someone under 16 years and within 2 years of the older individual. In 2019, this provision was extended to members of the same sex. It had previously only been allowed for individuals of the opposite sex. A few other
1444:
that
Alabama's ban on same-sex marriage did not violate the United States Constitution. From March 3, 2015 to June 26, 2015, Alabama's probate judges stopped issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples or marriage licensees altogether. From June 26, 2015, to August 29, 2019, some Alabama's probate
541:
member, unsuccessfully attempted to add gender identity to the bill, but was opposed by Holmes and other legislators. Holmes said he believed that his bill covering only sexual orientation would protect persons victimized as a result of their gender identity. Holmes had introduced identical bills in
623:
said that "course materials and instruction that relate to sexual education or sexually transmitted diseases should include an emphasis, in a factual manner and from a public health perspective, that homosexuality is not a lifestyle acceptable to the general public and that homosexual conduct is a
694:
On May 13, 2022, five days after the law had taken effect, Burke temporarily halted the parts of the law that prohibit doctors from prescribing puberty blockers and hormone therapies from going into effect while the law is challenged in court. However the parts of the law that prohibit minors from
690:
discovered that Cantor had no clinical experience diagnosing or treating minors with gender dysphoria, nor in monitoring such patients for improvements, and that he lacked knowledge of the treatments and methods used in gender clinics in the state of
Alabama. As a result, Burke wrote that he gave
426:
In
February 2024, the Alabama Supreme Court ruled that embryos have the legal status of children. Justice Gregory Cook dissented, predicting that "the creation of frozen embryos will end in Alabama" due to the court's ruling. Cook explained: "No rational medical provider would continue to provide
464:
Alabama state law does not address discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity in employment, housing, discrimination in public accommodations, addresses harassment and/or bullying of students, and discrimination against students. The state law has neither a ban on insurance
732:
as a defendant. They argued that the law prevented them from making decisions about their children's healthcare. The state asked the parents for "all medical records" and "all documents" related to their children's "Gender
Dysphoria", to any care provider who "treated" the children for gender
3914:
3394:
3968:
3485:
659:
Alabama is the first U.S. state to implement a law like this. The bill, called the "Vulnerable Child
Compassion and Protection Act", had been introduced in previous years. The Alabama Legislature passed it in early 2022 (SB 184), and
705:
Judge Burke found that particular element of the law most likely unconstitutional, writing that parents have a fundamental right to direct the care of their children within medically accepted standards and that limiting care to
410:
Alabama is one of the few states to have a law protecting the right of faith-based adoption agencies to refuse to place a child with a certain couple or individual due to the agency's religious beliefs. The law was signed by
1445:
judges stopped issuing marriage licensees altogether. On August 29, 2019, the final eight counties in
Alabama began issuing marriage certificates to all couples. Although unenforceable, Executive Order Number 24 by Governor
3887:
981:
753:
Since July 1, 2021, Alabama requires single-sex sports teams in public schools to consider a student's "biological sex". The
Alabama Legislature passed the bill earlier that year, and Governor Kay Ivey signed it.
3919:
343:
decided counties were required to record marriage certificates. On August 29, 2019, all
Alabama counties began recording marriage certificates for all couples (including interracial and same-sex couples).
776:
In March 2024, the House and Senate passed a bill that would eliminate DEI programs at universities and would also ban people from using bathrooms that aren't aligned with their sex assigned at birth.
718:
A January 2023 review of the state of Alabama's expenses for the trans medical care suit revealed that the state had spent over $ 1 million on legal council, and over $ 500,000 on expert witnesses.
427:
services for creating and maintaining frozen embryos knowing that they must continue to maintain such frozen embryos forever or risk the penalty of a Wrongful Death Act claim for punitive damages."
3337:
603:
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4012:
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in April 2022. The Senate version included an amendment to ban K–5 classroom "instruction" on sexuality and gender. On April 8, 2022, Governor Ivey signed it into law as Act No. 2022-290.
4103:
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2143:
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exclusions for transgender healthcare nor does it provide transgender-inclusive health benefits to state employees. However, in 2022, it became a felony for a medical provider to give
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of Mobile added an amendment that would have also included sexual orientation as a protected class. Though it passed the Senate committee, it did not pass the legislature.
2014:
792:, was elected in November 2006 and became the first ever openly gay elected official in the state of Alabama. In September 2013, she married her wife, Jennifer Clarke, in
594:
In 2019, the Alabama Senate Judiciary Committee approved a bill that would have added police officers to the protected classes covered by the hate crime statute. Senator
511:
law applicable to "race, color, religion, national origin, ethnicity, or physical or mental disability." The current law does not apply to crimes committed on account of
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decision. The state's anti-sodomy provisions were repealed in 2019; making it the only state in the Deep South to codify same-sex sexual activity into state law.
3342:
110:
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1978:
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in June 2006. There are still some legal prohibitions on same-sex marriage, but they are unenforceable. They are: Executive Order Number 24 by Governor
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220:
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prohibits all discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation and gender identity. It approved such protections in September 2017. The city of
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3406:
292:
passed, with 101 voting yes and 3 absent, Alabama Senate Bill 320, which repeals the ban on "deviate sexual intercourse". On May 28, 2019, the
2768:
928:(Although since 2021, the old "no homo promo law" was repealed, in 2022 a new law was enacted censoring LGBT subjects in the classroom again)
4093:
3188:
2071:
4042:
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3953:
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368:
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From February 9, 2015 to March 3, 2015, 47 of the state's 67 counties issued marriage licenses to same-sex couples. On March 3, 2015, the
3552:
4098:
4047:
3737:
3019:
2835:
843:
836:
405:
315:
3047:
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811:, was elected to represent the 54th House District of Alabama. Rafferty became Alabama's first openly gay congressman. He resides in
3276:
1402:
1894:
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prohibits any recognition or issuance of same-sex marriage licenses, same-sex common law marriage, or a union replicating marriage.
762:
HB322, a bill to require public school students to use bathrooms consistent with the gender on their birth certificate, passed the
1795:
223:
protections, but still face legal challenges and discrimination on the state level that is not experienced by non-LGBT residents.
4158:
4022:
3788:
1849:
789:
763:
566:
289:
117:
98:
66:
58:
3126:
382:
Sexual orientation has sometimes been used as a reason to deny parents' rights. In 2002, the Supreme Court of Alabama ruled that
3398:
1497:
2861:
2675:"Alabama law requiring surgery for transgender individuals to change sex on driver's license unconstitutional - JURIST - News"
2128:
485:
passed a similar non-discrimination ordinance in April 2018, becoming the second city in the state to have such protections.
4073:
3813:
3702:
3667:
2352:
1769:
3149:
456:. Since 2020, sexual orientation has been applied to the definition of sex in Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
3742:
3647:
3607:
3115:
309:
300:
US states still keep these types of age-of-consent clauses, exclusively applying them to individuals of opposite sexes.
141:
2634:
1644:
3707:
3697:
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1093:
824:
729:
325:
275:
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3622:
3537:
3424:
3347:
3070:
808:
3657:
3652:
3527:
3390:
2701:
351:
had banned the licensing of same-sex marriages and the recognition of such marriages from other jurisdictions by
3228:
3137:
1895:
Kim Chandler, "House Oks adding sexual orientation to hate crimes law, which now goes to Senate," April 24, 2009
908:
Recognition of same-sex couples in legal unions outside of marriage (e.g. civil unions or domestic partnership)
3747:
3712:
3617:
3592:
3418:
3353:
2301:
1540:
1032:
1015:
742:
449:
360:
133:
1615:
2027:
1966:
1953:
1940:
1927:
1914:
1875:
1442:
Ex parte State ex rel. Alabama Policy Institute and Alabama Citizens Action Program v. King and State v. King
533:, a bill that would have added sexual orientation to the list of hate crime categories. State Representative
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2103:
1998:
3948:
3752:
3727:
3632:
3572:
3547:
3517:
3507:
2661:"Judge: Alabama can't require transgender people to have reassignment surgery to change driver's licenses"
1592:
653:
562:(2000), and has pushed for the inclusion of sexual orientation in the hate crime law since at least 1999.
466:
4088:
3687:
3642:
3582:
3557:
3512:
3456:
3413:
3360:
3324:
3311:
2688:
1437:
329:
2441:
2944:
3717:
3597:
3562:
3366:
2585:"Full appeals court will hear Arkansas AG's request to reverse ruling on transgender care for minors"
2506:
2472:
1394:
899:
595:
333:
320:
296:
passed Alabama Senate Bill 320, with 32 yea and 3 absent. The bill took effect on September 1, 2019.
293:
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3722:
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3577:
3304:
2044:
1773:
1412:
812:
661:
632:
625:
574:
496:
492:
488:
482:
478:
412:
340:
336:. By 2017, eight counties were still protesting by refusing to issue any marriage licenses at all.
244:
154:
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3467:
1417:
697:
620:
573:
Judiciary Committee later approved the bill, but the full Senate took no action on it before the
512:
2981:"Two Marines In Love: “You Were Willing To Go To War And Possibly Die To Be Sure That I'm Okay”"
635:'s bill to repeal all archaic references to "homosexuality and HIV/AIDS" in Alabama's post-1992
499:
have public employment protections on the basis of both sexual orientation and gender identity.
2769:"Alabama is becoming the fifth state this year to ban trans youth from participating in sports"
2198:"Alabama can enforce ban on puberty blockers and hormones for transgender children, court says"
773:
In September 2022, the Alabama Board of Education implemented and codified the policy in full.
4083:
3330:
3184:
2480:
2183:"Alabama House passes bill to eliminate requirement that sex ed courses condemn homosexuality"
1819:
867:
683:
392:
280:
252:
166:
148:
73:
3089:"Federal Court Finds Alabama's Driver's License Policy Violates Rights of Transgender People"
2635:"Lawsuit Challenging Alabama's Transgender Care Ban For Minors Will Move Forward, Judge Says"
3762:
3176:
3052:
2081:
1469:
1407:
679:
584:
3205:
2727:"Governor Ivey signs bill requiring K-12 athletes compete in sports based on birth gender"
1901:
1831:
1648:
707:
516:
352:
88:
3007:
2996:
2945:"Alabama's first openly gay lawmaker marries long-time partner in Massachusetts ceremony"
624:
criminal offense under the laws of the state." The law was repealed in April 2021 after
4078:
3374:
3317:
3180:
2755:"Movement Advancement Project | Bans on Transgender Youth Participation in Sports"
1566:"Alabama same-sex marriages continue as governor refuses to intervene – as it happened"
767:
687:
675:
570:
17:
2302:"Cruel ban on trans healthcare for Alabama kids dies in huge victory for common sense"
1853:
4152:
3994:
2250:"'Terrifying': Doctors, advocates horrified by Alabama bill to ban trans health care"
2144:"Ivey signs bill striking anti-homosexuality language from Alabama sex education law"
804:
793:
785:
636:
534:
49:
3245:
2963:
2921:
2533:"State has spent nearly $ 1.7M on experts, lawyers in transgender medical care suit"
2412:"Florida report on transgender care flawed, politically motivated, Yale experts say"
1504:
4124:
2129:"Alabama schools no longer have to teach that being gay is unhealthy & illegal"
1380:
671:
608:
526:
179:
1138:
1125:
1100:
963:
1707:"Read Alabama court's embryo ruling: IVF in doubt if life starts 'at conception'"
1642:
Michael Foust, "Ala. becomes 20th state to pass marriage amendment," June 7, 2006
247:
states in the U.S., Alabama is one of the only two states along with neighboring
2784:"Alabama House passes bill to restrict bathroom access for transgender students"
285:
248:
204:
200:
2810:"Alabama Senate passes 'Don't Say Gay' bill, transgender bathroom restrictions"
3499:
1370:
1151:
1113:
745:
to amend name and sex on a driver's license. Alabama had been requiring this.
523:
508:
258:
Same-sex sexual activity in Alabama was legalised in accordance with the 2003
240:
236:
212:
2609:
2484:
1068:
1056:
1044:
993:
976:
924:
2386:"Florida's DeSantis launches new attack on his state's transgender citizens"
1641:
1446:
445:
364:
2836:"Alabama governor signs 'Don't Say Gay,' trans care and bathroom ban bills"
40:
2559:"Alabama asks for children's medical records in trans health care lawsuit"
2168:
1528:
933:
Both joint and step child adoption by same-sex couples legally recognised
607:, approved by the United States Congress and signed into law by President
3103:"Ban on transgender medical treatments for minors at top of House agenda"
2888:"Alabama passes wide-ranging bill banning college DEI programs, training"
2507:"Alabama's Transgender Youth Can Use Medicine to Transition, Judge Rules"
2473:"Alabama's Transgender Youth Can Use Medicine to Transition, Judge Rules"
2326:
2276:"Ban on transgender medical treatments for minors at top of House agenda"
1788:"Montevallo passes non-discrimination ordinance | Shelby County Reporter"
998:
946:
Lesbian, gay and bisexual people allowed to serve openly in the military
664:
652:
Since May 8, 2022, it is a Class C felony for a medical provider to give
628:
415:
1661:
243:—are severely limited in comparison to other states. As one of the most
2964:"Gay Marine Veteran Neil Rafferty Wins Patricia Todd's Seat in Alabama"
2076:
2049:
356:
348:
271:
228:
216:
192:
45:
1999:"On gay rights, two steps forward, one step back in the Alabama house"
1318:
1304:
1285:
1271:
1252:
1238:
1215:
1203:
1186:
1174:
1084:
1027:
1010:
950:
937:
893:
880:
861:
2741:"Lawmakers pass ban on transgender athletes from public school teams"
711:
2072:"Alabama committee adds sexual orientation, cops to hate crime law"
1979:
Phillip Rawls, "Committee adds sexual orientation to hate crimes,"
2224:"Law Banning Transgender Medication For Alabama Kids Takes Effect"
1744:"Law Banning Transgender Medication For Alabama Kids Takes Effect"
1730:
1357:
1350:
1338:
1331:
1312:
1298:
1279:
1265:
1246:
1232:
1147:
Intersex sex characteristics declassified as a physical deformity
912:
587:
to add protections for sexual orientation and gender identity and
538:
440:
Since 2011, gender identity has been applied to the definition of
224:
208:
695:
receiving sex-altering surgeries remain in effect. An article in
3071:"Medical Conditions That Can Keep You from Joining the Military"
967:(Most transgender personnel allowed to serve openly since 2021)
328:
immediately complied, and instead they copied behavior from the
3249:
3229:"Want to Understand L.G.B.T.Q. Life in America? Go to Alabama."
678:
in defense of the ban of gender-affirming care for minors with
1967:
Bills Sponsored by Representative Holmes: Regular Session 2000
1954:
Bills Sponsored by Representative Holmes: Regular Session 2001
1941:
Bills Sponsored by Representative Holmes: Regular Session 2006
1928:
Bills Sponsored by Representative Holmes: Regular Session 2007
1915:
Bills Sponsored by Representative Holmes: Regular Session 2008
1876:
Bills Sponsored by Representative Holmes: Regular Session 2009
1077:
441:
196:
3338:
Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act
741:
In January 2021, a federal judge said Alabama cannot require
604:
Matthew Shepard and James Byrd Jr. Hate Crimes Prevention Act
4053:
History of violence against LGBT people in the United States
4013:
U.S. state constitutional amendments banning same-sex unions
3171:
Kirby, D. (1998). "Transsexualism". In Ruth Chadwick (ed.).
3048:"Biden reverses Trump ban on transgender people in military"
390:
However, the following year, the U.S. Supreme Court said in
3206:"DSM-IV Gender Identity Disorder and Transvestic Fetishism"
2353:"Alabama Governor Signs Law Banning Transgender Medication"
959:
Transgender people allowed to serve openly in the military
728:
Five parents sued the state, with Alabama Attorney General
324:
made same-sex marriage legal nationwide. However, not all
2862:"Alabama Board of Education codifies "Don't Say Gay" law"
2015:"Alabama pays for Legislature's dead bills," May 21, 2009
3383:
Masterpiece Cakeshop v. Colorado Civil Rights Commission
1294:
Anti-discrimination laws in credit and lending services
989:
Intersex people allowed to serve openly in the military
2410:
O'Donnell, Christopher; Wilson, Kirby (July 14, 2022).
2104:"Alabama Code Title 16. Education § 16-40A-2 | FindLaw"
454:
United States Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit
113:), while gender identity status is ambiguous since 2019
3175:. London: Elsevier; Academic Press. pp. 423–425.
2045:"House votes to make it a hate crime to target police"
1134:
Transgender identity declassified as a mental illness
972:
Transvestites allowed to serve openly in the military
667:
signed it on April 8. It took effect one month later.
4104:
Disney and Florida's Parental Rights in Education Act
2689:
Alabama Birth Certificate Law: Gender Identity Issues
2379:
2377:
2375:
2373:
1770:"Birmingham makes discrimination a criminal offense"
1355:
1348:
1336:
1329:
1310:
1296:
1277:
1263:
1244:
1230:
1213:
1201:
1184:
1172:
1164:
1161:
1149:
1136:
1123:
1111:
1098:
1082:
1066:
1054:
1042:
1025:
1008:
991:
974:
961:
948:
935:
922:
910:
891:
878:
859:
396:
that states could not ban same-sex sexual activity.
4066:
4035:
4018:
Same-sex marriage law in the United States by state
4003:
3846:
3802:
3779:
3761:
3498:
3435:
3290:
3283:
2450:
U.S. District Court for the Alabama Middle District
1832:"2019 Employee Handbook City of Montgomery Alabama"
1688:"Ivey signs bill allowing denial of LGBG adoptions"
1449:, Alabama Code § 30-1-19, and Amendment 774 of the
1006:Right to change legal gender on birth certificates
367:, Alabama Code § 30-1-19, and Amendment 774 of the
165:
132:
127:
97:
87:
57:
31:
2436:
2434:
2432:
2169:"Alabama HB385 | 2021 | Regular Session"
1228:Anti-discrimination laws in public accommodations
611:in October 2009, bans such hate crimes federally.
3227:Polgreen, L., Williams, D. L. (January 6, 2023),
1023:Right to change legal gender on drivers licenses
3116:Executive Order Number 24 by Governor Fob James.
920:LGBTQ people and materials free from censorship
583:(2016) was sponsored by Todd and Representative
3065:
3063:
2914:"Vote points to first out gay Alabama lawmaker"
1199:Anti-discrimination laws in private employment
1121:Homosexuality declassified as a mental illness
703:
569:passed Holmes' bill by a vote of 46 to 41. The
4058:2020s anti-LGBTQ movement in the United States
2557:Tryens-Fernandes, Savannah (January 6, 2023).
1170:Anti-discrimination laws in public employment
1142:(since 1994) Not considered a mental illness.
801:2018 Alabama House of Representatives election
379:Alabama permits adoption by same-sex couples.
3261:
2009:
2007:
1668:. Supreme Court of Alabama. February 15, 2002
1001:" from serving or enlisting in the military)
980:(Cross-dressing banned in the military since
8:
3920:State bans on local anti-discrimination laws
2808:Tryens-Fernandes, Savannah (April 7, 2022).
2038:
2036:
1597:, Alabama Department of Archives and History
997:(Current Department of Defense policy bans "
591:(2017), but neither bill made it to a vote.
2702:"Sec. 22-9A-19. Amendment of vital records"
270:Same-sex sexual activity has been legal in
3850:
3486:Presidential Memorandum of August 25, 2017
3296:
3287:
3268:
3254:
3246:
1109:Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples
1064:Gay and lesbian criminal records expunged
723:Boe v. Marshall (aka Eknes-Tucker v. Ivey)
537:, the Legislature's first and only openly‐
39:
28:
3008:PRRI: American Values Atlas 2022, Alabama
2997:PRRI: American Values Atlas 2017, Alabama
1159:Anti discrimination laws and protections
691:Cantor's testimony "very little weight".
3937:Florida Parental Rights in Education Act
3343:Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010
3020:"Are LGBTQ people free from censorship?"
853:
111:Don't Ask, Don't Tell Repeal Act of 2010
3462:Immigration and Nationality Act of 1965
3452:Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952
2446:, No. 2:22-CV-184-LCB, 2022 WL 1521889"
2327:"Alabama SB10 | 2021 | Regular Session"
1489:
1461:
1429:
1040:Third gender option on legal documents
3407:G.G. v. Gloucester County School Board
1616:"Same-sex marriages banned in Alabama"
266:Law regarding same-sex sexual activity
4094:Arnold Schwarzenegger and LGBT rights
2886:Griesbach, Rebecca (March 19, 2024).
1983:(Florence, Alabama), January 17, 2006
1886:
1884:
1815:
1813:
1705:Bookman, Alaina (February 22, 2024).
304:Recognition of same-sex relationships
106:Sexual orientation allowed since 2011
7:
4043:LGBTQ movements in the United States
2943:Chandler, Kim (September 24, 2013).
1768:Edgemon, Erin (September 26, 2017).
1451:Constitution of the State of Alabama
1346:Conversion therapy banned on minors
1261:Anti-discrimination laws in housing
369:Constitution of the State of Alabama
2860:Holmes, Jacob (September 9, 2022).
2043:Chandler, Kim (February 13, 2020).
4099:LGBT protests against Donald Trump
4048:LGBTQ history in the United States
3181:10.1016/B978-0-12-373932-2.00314-8
3173:The encyclopedia of applied ethics
3152:. American Psychiatric Association
2834:Alfonseca, Kiara (April 8, 2022).
2531:Holmes, Jacob (January 25, 2023).
2384:Hiltzsik, Michael (June 3, 2022).
844:Public Religion Research Institute
837:Public Religion Research Institute
815:with his husband Michael Rudulph.
406:Child Placing Agency Inclusion Act
400:Child Placing Agency Inclusion Act
25:
3277:LGBTQ rights in the United States
2912:Wilcox, Barbara (July 19, 2006).
2782:Cason, Mike (February 22, 2022).
2196:Chandler, Kim (August 21, 2023).
1403:LGBTQ rights in the United States
1209:Bostock v Clayton County, Georgia
1180:Bostock v Clayton County, Georgia
332:when they had refused to perform
4131:
4130:
4118:
4023:Sodomy laws in the United States
2962:Towle, Andy (November 7, 2018).
1545:alisondb.legislature.state.al.us
1387:
1373:
1356:
1349:
1337:
1330:
1317:
1311:
1303:
1297:
1284:
1278:
1270:
1264:
1251:
1245:
1237:
1231:
1214:
1202:
1185:
1173:
1150:
1137:
1124:
1112:
1099:
1083:
1067:
1055:
1043:
1026:
1009:
992:
975:
962:
949:
936:
923:
911:
892:
879:
860:
790:Alabama House of Representatives
764:Alabama House of Representatives
567:Alabama House of Representatives
290:Alabama House of Representatives
118:Directive-type Memorandum-19-004
3475:DoD Directive 1304.26
2583:Vrbin, Tess (October 9, 2023).
2351:Chandler, Kim (April 8, 2022).
2222:Golgowski, Nina (May 9, 2022).
2142:Lyman, Brian (April 28, 2021).
1820:MEI 2017: See Your City's Score
1742:Golgowski, Nina (May 9, 2022).
857:Same-sex sexual activity legal
452:within the jurisdiction of the
2300:Baska, Maggie (May 18, 2021).
2248:Yurcaba, Jo (March 24, 2022).
1591:James, Fob (August 29, 1996),
507:Since 1994, Alabama has had a
1:
4074:Congressional Equality Caucus
3204:Wyndzen, Madeline H. (2008).
2274:Cason, Mike (April 7, 2022).
1662:"Ex Parte H.H, 830 So. 2d 21"
1476:itself as a mental disorder).
903:; not codified into law yet)
619:From 1992 to 2021, Alabama's
375:Adoption rights and parenting
2505:Rojas, Rick (May 14, 2022).
2471:Rojas, Rick (May 14, 2022).
1792:www.shelbycountyreporter.com
1052:Gay panic defense abolished
310:Same-sex marriage in Alabama
142:Same-sex marriage since 2015
134:Recognition of relationships
3150:"What Is Gender Dysphoria?"
1094:sexual reassignment surgery
825:Alabama Stonewall Democrats
670:The state of Alabama hired
648:Gender-affirming healthcare
577:adjourned on May 15, 2009.
276:United States Supreme Court
233:Republican Party stronghold
211:(LGBTQ) individuals in the
4175:
3932:Anti-LGBTQ curriculum laws
3425:303 Creative LLC v. Elenis
3348:Violence Against Women Act
2866:Alabama Political Reporter
2537:Alabama Political Reporter
2452:. May 13, 2022. p. 12
2028:Session Adjourn / Convene
1594:Alabama Executive Order 24
876:Equal age of consent (16)
809:United States Marine Corps
431:Discrimination protections
403:
307:
80:Legislative repeal in 2019
4112:
3910:Employment discrimination
3853:
3477:("Don't ask, don't tell")
3299:
1852:. Hrc.org. Archived from
1850:"Alabama Hate Crimes Law"
1322:(Varies by jurisdiction)
1308:(Varies by jurisdiction)
1289:(Varies by jurisdiction)
1275:(Varies by jurisdiction)
1256:(Varies by jurisdiction)
1242:(Varies by jurisdiction)
807:, a former member of the
766:in February 2022 and the
38:
3824:Northern Mariana Islands
3419:Respect for Marriage Act
3354:United States v. Windsor
3210:www.genderpsychology.org
3027:Alabama State Government
2444:Eknes-Tucker v. Marshall
1647:August 30, 2014, at the
743:sex reassignment surgery
701:summarized the changes:
450:Civil Rights Act of 1964
361:constitutional amendment
4159:LGBTQ rights in Alabama
3868:Conversion therapy bans
3481:Defense of Marriage Act
3447:Immigration Act of 1917
2691:, accessed July 5, 2011
2687:Human Rights Campaign:
2030:, accessed June 2, 2012
2017:, accessed June 2, 2012
2001:, accessed June 2, 2012
1985:, accessed June 2, 2012
1969:, accessed June 2, 2012
1956:, accessed June 2, 2012
1943:, accessed June 2, 2012
1930:, accessed June 2, 2012
1917:, accessed June 2, 2012
1904:, accessed June 2, 2012
1878:, accessed June 2, 2012
1651:, accessed July 5, 2011
288:. On May 23, 2019, the
33:LGBTQ rights in Alabama
18:LGBT history in Alabama
3878:Housing discrimination
3127:AMENDMENT 774 RATIFIED
749:Transgender sports ban
716:
388:
314:On June 26, 2015, the
284:struck down all state
4089:LGBT people in prison
3964:Domestic partnerships
3944:Public accommodations
3457:Executive Order 10450
3414:Executive Order 13988
3361:Executive Order 13672
3325:Executive Order 13087
3312:Executive Order 12968
2148:Montgomery Advertiser
1900:June 8, 2011, at the
1498:"Act 2019-465, SB320"
1440:ruled in the case of
1438:Alabama Supreme Court
710:children amounted to
654:gender-affirming care
467:gender-affirming care
384:
334:interracial marriages
274:since 2003, when the
245:socially conservative
93:Sex change recognized
3949:Religious exemptions
3771:District of Columbia
3395:Harris Funeral Homes
3367:Obergefell v. Hodges
1856:on December 18, 2013
1836:www.montgomeryal.gov
1474:transgender identity
1395:United States portal
1080:for lesbian couples
1031:(No longer requires
900:Obergefell v. Hodges
708:gender-nonconforming
596:Vivian Davis Figures
524:State Representative
422:Fertility assistance
321:Obergefell v. Hodges
294:Alabama State Senate
255:outnumbers support.
251:where opposition to
235:located in both the
3834:U.S. Virgin Islands
3305:One, Inc. v. Olesen
2987:, January 27, 2017.
2924:on October 14, 2007
2663:. January 16, 2021.
2641:. December 28, 2023
2013:Birmingham Weekly:
1774:The Birmingham News
1413:Politics of Alabama
1162:Sexual orientation
897:(Since 2015, under
865:(Since 2003, under
633:Alabama Legislature
565:In April 2009, the
542:previous sessions:
522:On April 24, 2009,
341:Alabama Legislature
155:Strawser v. Strange
3983:Transgender rights
3903:Sexual orientation
3468:Bowers v. Hardwick
3233:The New York Times
2511:The New York Times
2477:The New York Times
1692:Montgomery Advisor
1572:. February 9, 2015
1418:No promo homo laws
889:Same-sex marriage
788:, a member of the
737:Identity documents
712:sex discrimination
698:The New York Times
643:Transgender rights
513:sexual orientation
316:U.S. Supreme Court
4146:
4145:
4084:Save Our Children
4031:
4030:
3842:
3841:
3494:
3493:
3331:Lawrence v. Texas
3190:978-0-12-373932-2
3056:. April 20, 2021.
2743:. April 15, 2021.
2729:. April 23, 2021.
2610:"Boe v. Marshall"
2390:Los Angeles Times
1541:"Code Of Alabama"
1364:
1363:
871:; codified 2019)
868:Lawrence v. Texas
684:cross-examination
621:no promo homo law
393:Lawrence v. Texas
339:In May 2019, the
281:Lawrence v. Texas
260:Lawrence v. Texas
253:same-sex marriage
190:
189:
149:Searcy v. Strange
74:Lawrence v. Texas
16:(Redirected from
4166:
4134:
4133:
4125:LGBTQ portal
4123:
4122:
4121:
3851:
3763:Federal district
3399:Altitude Express
3297:
3288:
3270:
3263:
3256:
3247:
3242:
3241:
3239:
3214:
3213:
3201:
3195:
3194:
3168:
3162:
3161:
3159:
3157:
3146:
3140:
3135:
3129:
3124:
3118:
3113:
3107:
3106:
3105:. April 7, 2022.
3099:
3093:
3092:
3085:
3079:
3078:
3067:
3058:
3057:
3053:Associated Press
3044:
3038:
3037:
3035:
3033:
3024:
3016:
3010:
3005:
2999:
2994:
2988:
2978:
2972:
2971:
2959:
2953:
2952:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2920:. Archived from
2909:
2903:
2902:
2900:
2898:
2883:
2877:
2876:
2874:
2872:
2857:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2846:
2831:
2825:
2824:
2822:
2820:
2805:
2799:
2798:
2796:
2794:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2765:
2759:
2758:
2751:
2745:
2744:
2737:
2731:
2730:
2723:
2717:
2716:
2714:
2712:
2698:
2692:
2685:
2679:
2678:
2671:
2665:
2664:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2646:
2631:
2625:
2624:
2622:
2620:
2606:
2600:
2599:
2597:
2595:
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2554:
2548:
2547:
2545:
2543:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2519:
2517:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2468:
2462:
2461:
2459:
2457:
2438:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2407:
2401:
2400:
2398:
2396:
2381:
2368:
2367:
2365:
2363:
2348:
2342:
2341:
2339:
2337:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2297:
2291:
2290:
2288:
2286:
2271:
2265:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2245:
2239:
2238:
2236:
2234:
2219:
2213:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2193:
2187:
2186:
2185:. March 3, 2021.
2179:
2173:
2172:
2165:
2159:
2158:
2156:
2154:
2139:
2133:
2132:
2125:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2114:
2100:
2094:
2093:
2091:
2089:
2082:Associated Press
2068:
2062:
2061:
2059:
2057:
2040:
2031:
2024:
2018:
2011:
2002:
1992:
1986:
1976:
1970:
1963:
1957:
1950:
1944:
1937:
1931:
1924:
1918:
1911:
1905:
1888:
1879:
1872:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1846:
1840:
1839:
1828:
1822:
1817:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1794:. Archived from
1784:
1778:
1777:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1754:
1739:
1733:
1728:
1722:
1721:
1719:
1717:
1702:
1696:
1695:
1684:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1673:
1658:
1652:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1627:
1622:. April 27, 1998
1612:
1606:
1605:
1604:
1602:
1588:
1582:
1581:
1579:
1577:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1553:
1551:
1537:
1531:
1526:
1520:
1519:
1517:
1515:
1510:on June 30, 2020
1509:
1503:. Archived from
1502:
1494:
1477:
1470:gender dysphoria
1466:
1454:
1434:
1408:Equality Alabama
1397:
1392:
1391:
1390:
1383:
1378:
1377:
1376:
1360:
1353:
1341:
1334:
1321:
1315:
1307:
1301:
1288:
1282:
1274:
1268:
1255:
1249:
1241:
1235:
1218:
1206:
1189:
1177:
1165:Gender identity
1154:
1141:
1128:
1116:
1104:(In litigation)
1103:
1087:
1076:Equal access to
1071:
1059:
1047:
1030:
1013:
996:
979:
966:
953:
940:
927:
915:
896:
883:
864:
854:
686:, federal judge
680:gender dysphoria
585:Juandalynn Givan
359:in 1998, and by
330:civil rights era
174:Legal since 2016
67:Legal since 2003
43:
29:
21:
4174:
4173:
4169:
4168:
4167:
4165:
4164:
4163:
4149:
4148:
4147:
4142:
4119:
4117:
4108:
4062:
4027:
4005:
3999:
3969:by municipality
3954:Same-sex unions
3915:by municipality
3883:Intersex rights
3838:
3805:
3798:
3775:
3757:
3490:
3439:
3437:
3431:
3279:
3274:
3237:
3235:
3226:
3223:
3221:Further reading
3218:
3217:
3203:
3202:
3198:
3191:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3155:
3153:
3148:
3147:
3143:
3138:Section 30-1-19
3136:
3132:
3125:
3121:
3114:
3110:
3101:
3100:
3096:
3087:
3086:
3082:
3077:. May 10, 2021.
3069:
3068:
3061:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3031:
3029:
3022:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3006:
3002:
2995:
2991:
2979:
2975:
2961:
2960:
2956:
2942:
2941:
2937:
2927:
2925:
2911:
2910:
2906:
2896:
2894:
2885:
2884:
2880:
2870:
2868:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2844:
2842:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2818:
2816:
2807:
2806:
2802:
2792:
2790:
2781:
2780:
2776:
2767:
2766:
2762:
2753:
2752:
2748:
2739:
2738:
2734:
2725:
2724:
2720:
2710:
2708:
2706:Code of Alabama
2700:
2699:
2695:
2686:
2682:
2673:
2672:
2668:
2659:
2658:
2654:
2644:
2642:
2633:
2632:
2628:
2618:
2616:
2608:
2607:
2603:
2593:
2591:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2565:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2541:
2539:
2530:
2529:
2525:
2515:
2513:
2504:
2503:
2499:
2489:
2487:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2455:
2453:
2440:
2439:
2430:
2420:
2418:
2416:Tampa Bay Times
2409:
2408:
2404:
2394:
2392:
2383:
2382:
2371:
2361:
2359:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2335:
2333:
2325:
2324:
2320:
2310:
2308:
2299:
2298:
2294:
2284:
2282:
2273:
2272:
2268:
2258:
2256:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2232:
2230:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2206:
2204:
2195:
2194:
2190:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2167:
2166:
2162:
2152:
2150:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2112:
2110:
2102:
2101:
2097:
2087:
2085:
2070:
2069:
2065:
2055:
2053:
2042:
2041:
2034:
2025:
2021:
2012:
2005:
1993:
1989:
1977:
1973:
1964:
1960:
1951:
1947:
1938:
1934:
1925:
1921:
1912:
1908:
1902:Wayback Machine
1891:Birmingham News
1889:
1882:
1873:
1869:
1859:
1857:
1848:
1847:
1843:
1830:
1829:
1825:
1818:
1811:
1801:
1799:
1798:on July 1, 2018
1786:
1785:
1781:
1767:
1766:
1762:
1752:
1750:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1729:
1725:
1715:
1713:
1704:
1703:
1699:
1686:
1685:
1681:
1671:
1669:
1660:
1659:
1655:
1649:Wayback Machine
1640:Baptist Press:
1639:
1635:
1625:
1623:
1620:Tuscaloosa News
1614:
1613:
1609:
1600:
1598:
1590:
1589:
1585:
1575:
1573:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1549:
1547:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1527:
1523:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1491:
1486:
1481:
1480:
1467:
1463:
1458:
1457:
1435:
1431:
1426:
1393:
1388:
1386:
1379:
1374:
1372:
1369:
1327:Hate crime law
1221:Glenn v. Brumby
1192:Glenn v. Brumby
852:
833:
821:
783:
760:
751:
739:
726:
650:
645:
617:
517:gender identity
505:
475:
462:
438:
433:
424:
408:
402:
377:
353:executive order
312:
306:
268:
186:
161:
123:
89:Gender identity
83:
53:
34:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
4172:
4170:
4162:
4161:
4151:
4150:
4144:
4143:
4141:
4140:
4128:
4113:
4110:
4109:
4107:
4106:
4101:
4096:
4091:
4086:
4081:
4079:Lavender Scare
4076:
4070:
4068:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4060:
4055:
4050:
4045:
4039:
4037:
4033:
4032:
4029:
4028:
4026:
4025:
4020:
4015:
4009:
4007:
4001:
4000:
3998:
3997:
3992:
3991:
3990:
3980:
3979:
3978:
3973:
3972:
3971:
3961:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3940:
3939:
3929:
3924:
3923:
3922:
3917:
3907:
3906:
3905:
3900:
3895:
3885:
3880:
3875:
3870:
3865:
3863:Age of consent
3860:
3854:
3848:
3844:
3843:
3840:
3839:
3837:
3836:
3831:
3826:
3821:
3816:
3814:American Samoa
3810:
3808:
3804:Unincorporated
3800:
3799:
3797:
3796:
3794:Indian Country
3791:
3785:
3783:
3781:Tribal nations
3777:
3776:
3774:
3773:
3767:
3765:
3759:
3758:
3756:
3755:
3750:
3745:
3740:
3735:
3730:
3725:
3720:
3715:
3710:
3705:
3703:South Carolina
3700:
3695:
3690:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3668:North Carolina
3665:
3660:
3655:
3650:
3645:
3640:
3635:
3630:
3625:
3620:
3615:
3610:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3590:
3585:
3580:
3575:
3570:
3565:
3560:
3555:
3550:
3545:
3540:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3504:
3502:
3496:
3495:
3492:
3491:
3489:
3488:
3483:
3478:
3472:
3464:
3459:
3454:
3449:
3443:
3441:
3433:
3432:
3430:
3429:
3421:
3416:
3411:
3403:
3387:
3379:
3375:Pavan v. Smith
3371:
3363:
3358:
3350:
3345:
3340:
3335:
3327:
3322:
3318:Romer v. Evans
3314:
3309:
3300:
3294:
3285:
3281:
3280:
3275:
3273:
3272:
3265:
3258:
3250:
3244:
3243:
3222:
3219:
3216:
3215:
3196:
3189:
3163:
3141:
3130:
3119:
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2095:
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2019:
2003:
1987:
1971:
1958:
1945:
1932:
1919:
1906:
1880:
1867:
1841:
1823:
1809:
1779:
1760:
1734:
1731:HRC state maps
1723:
1697:
1694:. May 3, 2017.
1679:
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1607:
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1468:Diagnosis of "
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1003:
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999:hermaphrodites
990:
986:
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973:
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968:
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956:
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947:
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858:
851:
848:
832:
831:Public opinion
829:
828:
827:
820:
817:
782:
779:
768:Alabama Senate
759:
756:
750:
747:
738:
735:
730:Steve Marshall
725:
720:
688:Liles C. Burke
682:. However, on
676:expert witness
649:
646:
644:
641:
616:
613:
571:Alabama Senate
504:
503:Hate crime law
501:
474:
471:
461:
458:
437:
434:
432:
429:
423:
420:
404:Main article:
401:
398:
376:
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308:Main article:
305:
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267:
264:
188:
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175:
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84:
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55:
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44:
36:
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32:
24:
14:
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10:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
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4011:
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4008:
4002:
3996:
3995:Bathroom bill
3993:
3989:
3986:
3985:
3984:
3981:
3977:
3974:
3970:
3967:
3966:
3965:
3962:
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3792:
3790:
3789:Navajo Nation
3787:
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3784:
3782:
3778:
3772:
3769:
3768:
3766:
3764:
3760:
3754:
3751:
3749:
3746:
3744:
3743:West Virginia
3741:
3739:
3736:
3734:
3731:
3729:
3726:
3724:
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3719:
3716:
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3711:
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3654:
3651:
3649:
3648:New Hampshire
3646:
3644:
3641:
3639:
3636:
3634:
3631:
3629:
3626:
3624:
3621:
3619:
3616:
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3609:
3608:Massachusetts
3606:
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3009:
3004:
3001:
2998:
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2990:
2986:
2982:
2977:
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2969:
2968:towleroad.com
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2328:
2322:
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2281:
2277:
2270:
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2255:
2251:
2244:
2241:
2229:
2225:
2218:
2215:
2203:
2199:
2192:
2189:
2184:
2178:
2175:
2170:
2164:
2161:
2149:
2145:
2138:
2135:
2130:
2124:
2121:
2109:
2105:
2099:
2096:
2084:. May 2, 2019
2083:
2079:
2078:
2073:
2067:
2064:
2052:
2051:
2046:
2039:
2037:
2033:
2029:
2023:
2020:
2016:
2010:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1996:
1991:
1988:
1984:
1982:
1975:
1972:
1968:
1962:
1959:
1955:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1936:
1933:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1916:
1910:
1907:
1903:
1899:
1896:
1892:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1877:
1871:
1868:
1855:
1851:
1845:
1842:
1837:
1833:
1827:
1824:
1821:
1816:
1814:
1810:
1797:
1793:
1789:
1783:
1780:
1775:
1771:
1764:
1761:
1749:
1745:
1738:
1735:
1732:
1727:
1724:
1712:
1708:
1701:
1698:
1693:
1689:
1683:
1680:
1667:
1663:
1657:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1643:
1637:
1634:
1621:
1617:
1611:
1608:
1596:
1595:
1587:
1584:
1571:
1567:
1561:
1558:
1546:
1542:
1536:
1533:
1530:
1525:
1522:
1506:
1499:
1493:
1490:
1483:
1475:
1471:
1465:
1462:
1452:
1448:
1443:
1439:
1433:
1430:
1423:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1396:
1385:
1382:
1371:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1345:
1344:
1340:
1333:
1326:
1325:
1320:
1314:
1306:
1300:
1293:
1292:
1287:
1281:
1273:
1267:
1260:
1259:
1254:
1248:
1240:
1234:
1227:
1226:
1222:
1217:
1210:
1205:
1198:
1197:
1193:
1188:
1181:
1176:
1169:
1168:
1158:
1157:
1153:
1146:
1145:
1140:
1133:
1132:
1129:(since 1973)
1127:
1120:
1119:
1115:
1108:
1107:
1102:
1095:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1079:
1075:
1074:
1070:
1063:
1062:
1058:
1051:
1050:
1046:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1029:
1022:
1021:
1017:
1012:
1005:
1004:
1000:
995:
988:
987:
983:
978:
971:
970:
965:
958:
957:
954:(Since 2011)
952:
945:
944:
941:(Since 2015)
939:
932:
931:
926:
919:
918:
914:
907:
906:
902:
901:
895:
888:
887:
884:(Since 2003)
882:
875:
874:
870:
869:
863:
856:
855:
850:Summary table
849:
847:
845:
840:
838:
830:
826:
823:
822:
819:Organizations
818:
816:
814:
810:
806:
805:Neil Rafferty
802:
797:
795:
794:Massachusetts
791:
787:
786:Patricia Todd
780:
778:
774:
771:
769:
765:
757:
755:
748:
746:
744:
736:
734:
731:
724:
721:
719:
715:
713:
709:
702:
700:
699:
692:
689:
685:
681:
677:
673:
668:
666:
663:
657:
655:
647:
642:
640:
638:
637:sex education
634:
630:
627:
622:
614:
612:
610:
606:
605:
599:
597:
592:
590:
586:
582:
578:
576:
572:
568:
563:
561:
557:
553:
549:
545:
540:
536:
535:Patricia Todd
532:
528:
525:
520:
518:
514:
510:
502:
500:
498:
494:
490:
486:
484:
480:
472:
470:
468:
459:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
435:
430:
428:
421:
419:
418:in May 2017.
417:
414:
407:
399:
397:
395:
394:
387:
383:
380:
374:
372:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
345:
342:
337:
335:
331:
327:
323:
322:
318:'s ruling in
317:
311:
303:
301:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
282:
277:
273:
265:
263:
261:
256:
254:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
214:
210:
206:
202:
198:
194:
182:
181:
176:
173:
172:
170:
168:
164:
157:
156:
151:
150:
145:
143:
140:
139:
137:
135:
131:
128:Family rights
126:
119:
115:
112:
108:
105:
104:
102:
100:
96:
92:
90:
86:
79:
76:
75:
70:
68:
65:
64:
62:
60:
56:
51:
47:
42:
37:
30:
27:
19:
4135:
4116:
3959:Civil unions
3708:South Dakota
3698:Rhode Island
3693:Pennsylvania
3673:North Dakota
3471: (1986)
3466:
3440:federal laws
3423:
3405:
3402: (2020)
3389:
3386: (2018)
3381:
3378: (2016)
3373:
3370: (2015)
3365:
3357: (2013)
3352:
3334: (2003)
3329:
3321: (1996)
3316:
3308: (1958)
3303:
3236:, retrieved
3232:
3209:
3199:
3172:
3166:
3156:December 31,
3154:. Retrieved
3144:
3133:
3122:
3111:
3097:
3083:
3075:Military.com
3074:
3051:
3042:
3032:December 19,
3030:. Retrieved
3026:
3014:
3003:
2992:
2984:
2976:
2967:
2957:
2948:
2938:
2926:. Retrieved
2922:the original
2917:
2907:
2895:. Retrieved
2891:
2881:
2869:. Retrieved
2865:
2855:
2843:. Retrieved
2839:
2829:
2817:. Retrieved
2813:
2803:
2791:. Retrieved
2787:
2777:
2763:
2749:
2735:
2721:
2709:. Retrieved
2705:
2696:
2683:
2669:
2655:
2645:December 28,
2643:. Retrieved
2638:
2629:
2619:December 28,
2617:. Retrieved
2613:
2604:
2594:December 28,
2592:. Retrieved
2588:
2578:
2566:. Retrieved
2562:
2552:
2540:. Retrieved
2536:
2526:
2514:. Retrieved
2510:
2500:
2488:. Retrieved
2476:
2466:
2454:. Retrieved
2449:
2443:
2419:. Retrieved
2415:
2405:
2393:. Retrieved
2389:
2360:. Retrieved
2356:
2346:
2334:. Retrieved
2330:
2321:
2309:. Retrieved
2305:
2295:
2283:. Retrieved
2279:
2269:
2257:. Retrieved
2253:
2243:
2231:. Retrieved
2227:
2217:
2207:December 15,
2205:. Retrieved
2202:PBS NewsHour
2201:
2191:
2177:
2163:
2153:November 22,
2151:. Retrieved
2147:
2137:
2123:
2111:. Retrieved
2107:
2098:
2086:. Retrieved
2075:
2066:
2054:. Retrieved
2048:
2022:
1995:The Guardian
1994:
1990:
1980:
1974:
1961:
1948:
1935:
1922:
1909:
1890:
1870:
1858:. Retrieved
1854:the original
1844:
1835:
1826:
1800:. Retrieved
1796:the original
1791:
1782:
1763:
1751:. Retrieved
1747:
1737:
1726:
1716:February 24,
1714:. Retrieved
1710:
1700:
1691:
1682:
1672:December 13,
1670:. Retrieved
1666:casetext.com
1665:
1656:
1636:
1624:. Retrieved
1619:
1610:
1601:September 8,
1599:, retrieved
1593:
1586:
1576:November 16,
1574:. Retrieved
1570:The Guardian
1569:
1560:
1548:. Retrieved
1544:
1535:
1524:
1512:. Retrieved
1505:the original
1492:
1473:
1464:
1441:
1432:
1381:LGBTQ portal
1220:
1208:
1191:
1179:
1035:since 2021)
898:
866:
841:
834:
798:
784:
775:
772:
761:
758:Bathroom ban
752:
740:
727:
722:
717:
704:
696:
693:
672:James Cantor
669:
658:
651:
618:
609:Barack Obama
602:
600:
593:
588:
580:
579:
564:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
530:
527:Alvin Holmes
521:
506:
487:
477:The city of
476:
469:to a minor.
463:
439:
425:
409:
391:
389:
385:
381:
378:
355:in 1996, by
347:Previously,
346:
338:
319:
313:
298:
279:
278:decision in
269:
259:
257:
239:and greater
191:
180:V.L. v. E.L.
178:
153:
147:
72:
26:
4004:Repealed or
3927:Immigration
3893:Transgender
3873:Hate crimes
3829:Puerto Rico
3806:territories
3623:Mississippi
3538:Connecticut
3436:Repealed or
2568:January 10,
2542:February 5,
2516:October 13,
2456:October 12,
2421:October 12,
2395:October 12,
1981:Times Daily
1860:December 5,
1626:January 24,
631:signed the
575:Legislature
529:introduced
473:Local level
460:State level
436:Federal law
286:sodomy laws
249:Mississippi
205:transgender
4006:overturned
3738:Washington
3658:New Mexico
3653:New Jersey
3528:California
3438:overturned
3238:January 7,
2985:NewNowNext
2711:August 17,
1550:October 9,
1484:References
1096:on minors
1014:(Requires
813:Birmingham
509:hate crime
497:Montgomery
493:Tuscaloosa
489:Huntsville
483:Montevallo
479:Birmingham
241:Bible Belt
237:Deep South
227:rights in
213:U.S. state
4036:Movements
3748:Wisconsin
3713:Tennessee
3618:Minnesota
3593:Louisiana
3284:By entity
2918:PlanetOut
2897:March 20,
2871:March 20,
2845:March 20,
2793:March 20,
2485:0362-4331
1529:AL SB 320
1447:Fob James
615:Education
446:Title VII
365:Fob James
4153:Category
4137:Category
3976:Marriage
3898:Intersex
3888:Military
3858:Adoption
3733:Virginia
3683:Oklahoma
3663:New York
3638:Nebraska
3628:Missouri
3613:Michigan
3603:Maryland
3588:Kentucky
3568:Illinois
3543:Delaware
3533:Colorado
3523:Arkansas
2928:July 19,
2840:ABC News
2819:April 7,
2639:HuffPost
2362:April 9,
2357:HuffPost
2336:April 7,
2331:LegiScan
2306:PinkNews
2285:April 7,
2259:April 7,
2254:NBC News
2228:HuffPost
2113:June 11,
2026:ALISON:
1965:ALISON:
1952:ALISON:
1939:ALISON:
1926:ALISON:
1913:ALISON:
1898:Archived
1874:ALISON:
1748:HuffPost
1645:Archived
1514:June 29,
1367:See also
1092:Banning
781:Politics
665:Kay Ivey
662:Governor
629:Kay Ivey
626:Governor
558:(2001),
554:(2006),
550:(2007),
546:(2008),
416:Kay Ivey
413:Governor
326:counties
201:bisexual
167:Adoption
99:Military
4067:Related
3847:By type
3753:Wyoming
3728:Vermont
3633:Montana
3573:Indiana
3553:Georgia
3548:Florida
3518:Arizona
3508:Alabama
3391:Bostock
3292:Federal
2490:May 14,
2311:May 18,
2108:Findlaw
2088:June 9,
2077:WPMI-TV
2056:June 9,
2050:AP News
1802:May 11,
1219:(Under
1207:(Under
1190:(Under
1178:(Under
842:A 2022
835:A 2017
799:In the
448:of the
357:statute
349:Alabama
272:Alabama
229:Alabama
221:federal
217:Alabama
193:Lesbian
46:Alabama
3988:voting
3688:Oregon
3643:Nevada
3583:Kansas
3558:Hawaii
3513:Alaska
3500:States
3428:(2023)
3410:(2020)
3187:
2949:al.com
2788:AL.com
2563:AL.com
2483:
2233:May 9,
1753:May 9,
1711:AL.com
674:as an
639:laws.
495:, and
207:, and
59:Status
3718:Texas
3598:Maine
3563:Idaho
3023:(PDF)
1508:(PDF)
1501:(PDF)
1424:Notes
581:HB413
556:HB423
548:HB247
544:HB829
539:LGBTQ
531:HB533
225:LGBTQ
219:have
209:queer
3819:Guam
3723:Utah
3678:Ohio
3578:Iowa
3240:2023
3185:ISBN
3158:2020
3034:2022
2930:2007
2899:2024
2873:2024
2847:2024
2821:2022
2795:2024
2713:2017
2647:2023
2621:2023
2614:GLAD
2596:2023
2589:KUAR
2570:2023
2544:2023
2518:2022
2492:2022
2481:ISSN
2458:2022
2423:2022
2397:2022
2364:2022
2338:2022
2313:2021
2287:2022
2261:2022
2235:2022
2209:2023
2155:2022
2115:2017
2090:2024
2058:2024
1862:2013
1804:2018
1755:2022
1718:2024
1674:2022
1628:2015
1603:2017
1578:2022
1552:2019
1516:2020
982:2012
601:The
560:HB85
552:HB57
3177:doi
1078:IVF
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1016:SRS
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