113:, after considering the arguments put forward by Steel and others, find 'no evidence, either Maori or geological, for a 15th-century meteor impact in New Zealand'. They make the point that 'invoking legends or particular translations of Maori place-names to "fit" a known event must be undertaken with considerable care and suitable provisos', and characterise this type of reasoning as 'attempts to creatively rewrite New Zealand's cultural and tectonic past'. They also deal with the MÄori lament quoted in Steel & Snow, disputing both his translation and his interpretation.
63:. Hector returned to the Landslip Hill deposit in 1869 to make further collections, and in 1884 he proposed the name 'Landslip Hill beds' for the quartz arenite, which is now regarded as being related to the Gore Formation following the work of Lindqvist (1983) and Pocknall (1982). "The plant remains include uncompressed three-dimensional logs, stems, roots and rootlets, and a variety of fruits, some of which can be assigned to modern New Zealand taxa, and others which are no longer present in the local flora". Recent finds include fossils of the genus
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lament that, he claims, centers on raging fires from the sky, accompanied by tempestuous winds and upheavals in the earth. Others have described the feature as "600 by 900 meters wide and 130 meters deep, and surrounded by a zone of fallen trees, 40 to 80 kilometers wide, dating from eight centuries
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Steel and Snow quote three lines from a MÄori lament and offer translations of local placenames, suggesting these are connected to the impact event, but offer no explanation of how they arrived at these conclusions; notably, they fail to explain how a lament that was composed on the death of a
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19th-century North Island chief could possibly relate to the so-called
Tapanui crater. Verschuur claims that Otarehua is a placename near Tapanui and that it refers to the MÄori name for
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of fluvial quartz sandstones. Geologists have described the fossil-bearing rocks as forming part of a sequence of "siliclastic fluvial deltaic sands, conglomerates and silty clays".
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The formation is well known to botanists for its prominent plant fossils of Late
Oligocene to Miocene age. The first collection was made at Landslip Hill in 1862 while Sir
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Lindqvist, J. K. and D.T. Pocknall, 1983: Stratigraphy and palynology of Late
Oligocene to Miocene lignite bearing sediments, eastern Southland.
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Lindqvist, J. K. 1983: Lignite deposition in deltaic plain environments of Late
Oligocene to Early Miocene Gore Formation, east Southland.
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Some have claimed that
Landslip Hill is an impact crater; but reliable sources categorically deny this. Duncan Steel, of the
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305:""Mystic Fires of Tamaatea": attempts to creatively rewrite New Zealand's cultural and tectonic past"
190:"Palynology of late Oligocene Pomahaka Estuarine Bed sediments, Waikoikoi, Southland, New Zealand"
345:. Abstracts for the International Conference on Asteroids, Comets, Meteors 1991. Flagstaff, AZ.
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142:(2003) provide refutations of these translations; they specifically mention Otarehua.
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225:"Geological Society of New Zealand Inc, 2003 Annual Conference Field Trip Guides"
134:, and that this may be an indication that the bolide impact happened in the June
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261:"Miocene casuarinacean fossils from Southland and Central Otago, New Zealand"
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The
Tapanui Region of New Zealand: a "Tunguska" of 800 years ago?
85:, has suggested that the feature is the remnant of a
43:. It is a debris flow feature associated with the
234:. Miscellaneous Publication 116B. Archived from
303:James Goff; Keri Hulme; Bruce McFadgen (2003).
8:
163:15th Pacific Science Congress tour guide Bf5
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310:Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand
372:Impact! The Threat of Comets and Asteroids
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101:. Steel supports his hypothesis with a
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259:J. D. Campbell; A. M. Holden (1984).
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223:Cox, Simon; B. Smith Lyttle (2003).
176:15th Pacific Science Congress vol. 1
109:However, James Goff, Keri Hulme and
97:) impact that occurred about 1200
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341:Duncan Steel; Peter Snow (1991).
232:Geological Society of New Zealand
442:Rock formations of New Zealand
280:10.1080/0028825X.1984.10425242
209:10.1080/0028825X.1982.10428495
19:is located on the boundary of
1:
437:Hills of the Southland Region
324:10.1080/03014223.2003.9517759
266:New Zealand Journal of Botany
195:New Zealand Journal of Botany
79:Anglo-Australian Observatory
463:
61:Geological Survey of Otago
447:Rock formations of Otago
59:was the director of the
376:Oxford University Press
188:D. T. Pocknall (1982).
73:Claims of impact origin
83:University of Adelaide
427:Depressions (geology)
136:Taurid meteor stream
399: /
351:1991LPICo.765..206S
403:46.067Ā°S 169.167Ā°E
45:Manuherikia Group
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408:-46.067; 169.167
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378:. p. 109.
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317:(4): 795ā809.
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17:Landslip Hill
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243:. Retrieved
236:the original
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57:James Hector
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29:South Island
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406: /
178:: abstract.
51:Fossil beds
33:New Zealand
421:Categories
245:2007-08-30
150:References
35:, between
66:Casuarina
27:, in the
21:Southland
394:169Ā°10ā²E
370:(1996).
91:asteroid
81:and the
391:46Ā°04ā²S
347:Bibcode
132:Antares
41:Pukerau
37:Tapanui
140:et al.
106:ago".
87:bolide
239:(PDF)
228:(PDF)
117:Notes
103:MÄori
95:comet
25:Otago
39:and
23:and
319:doi
275:doi
204:doi
93:or
31:of
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359:^
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99:CE
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