Largest artificial non-nuclear explosions

2581: 690: 2193: 2048: 2120:, became the site of the largest explosion in the UK, when 3,700 tonnes of bombs stored in underground bunkers covering 17,000 m (180,000 sq ft) exploded en masse. The explosion was caused by bombs being taken out of store, primed for use, and replaced with the detonators still installed when unused. The crater was 40 metres (130 ft) deep and covered 5 hectares. The death toll was approximately 78, including RAF personnel, six Italian prisoners of war, civilian employees, and local people. In the similar Port Chicago disaster (above), about half the weight of bombs was high explosive. If the same is true of the Fauld Explosion, it would have been equivalent to about 2 kilotons of TNT. 4334: 1054: 4410: 4251: 4537: 4158: 325:, which was being used as the powder magazine. It ignited 4,000 prepared charges, which in turn ignited 68 tonnes of black powder and 1,000,000 musket cartridges. The ensuing explosions killed 600 defenders and wounded 300. The medieval castle was destroyed and sections of the defences were damaged. Unable to reply to the French cannonade without gunpowder, Cox was forced to capitulate the next day with the survivors of the blast and 100 cannons. The French losses during the operation were 58 killed and 320 wounded. 1920: 1261: 1406: 3268:, the capital), US and Albanian munitions experts were preparing to destroy stockpiles of obsolete ammunition. The main explosion, involving more than 400 tons of propellant in containers, destroyed hundreds of houses within a few kilometres from the depot and broke windows in cars on the Tirana-Durrës highway. A large fire caused a series of smaller but powerful explosions that continued until 2 a.m. the next day. The explosions could be heard as far away as the Macedonian capital of 1336:, England) was partly destroyed when 8 tons of TNT exploded in the dry mix part of the factory. Approximately 140 workers – mainly young women, known as the 'Chilwell Canaries' because contact with picric acid turned their skin yellow – were killed, though the true number has never been established. An unknown number of people were injured, though estimates are about 250. Because of the sensitivity of the subject, reports of the explosion were censored until after the 943: 1879:, carrying about 1,400 long tons (1,400 t) of explosives (among other goods), caught fire and exploded, killing about 800 people. Debris fell across the city landing miles away from the site of the explosion. The bales of cotton aboard the boat caught fire and fell from the sky causing fires in other parts of the city. The explosion was strong enough to be detected on seismographs in Simla, a city more than 1700 km from the site of the explosion. 2397: 4449: 554: 4210: 4577: 2978:. A 16-inch (41 cm) natural gas pipeline ruptured under the stored ammonium perchlorate and added fuel to the later, larger explosions. There were seven detonations in total, the largest being the last. Two people were killed and hundreds injured. The largest explosion was estimated to be equivalent to 0.25 kilotons of TNT (1.0 TJ). The accident was caught on video by a broadcast engineer servicing a transmitter on 1858:, an 8,060-ton motor ship carrying arms and supplies (1,000 tons of gas, 900 tons of explosives, tanks and others); the fire became uncontrollable, causing a devastating explosion. A large number of buildings around were destroyed or badly damaged. Some ships nearby caught fire and sank, and hot parts of the ship and tanks were thrown great distances. More than 600 people died and more than 3,000 were wounded. 45:, and other chemical reactions. This list contains the largest known examples, sorted by date. An unambiguous ranking in order of severity is not possible; a 1994 study by historian Jay White of 130 large explosions suggested that they need to be ranked by an overall effect of power, quantity, radius, loss of life and property destruction, but concluded that such rankings are difficult to assess. 4374: 4496: 2569: 4288: 6170: 1769:. A nearby school was largely destroyed, with 60 schoolchildren losing their lives. The blast hurled steel beams as long as 15 metres into fields hundreds of metres away and left a crater 70 metres wide and 23 metres deep. The explosion occurred when factory workers tried to separate big chunks of newly arrived 817:, 85 miles (137 km) away, and the explosion was heard as far as 500 miles (800 km) away. A DuPont spokesman was reported as being perplexed by the coverage of the blast, quoted as saying "explosions occur every day in steel mills, flouring mills and grain elevators with hardly a line in the paper". 2301:

in what became known as the "British Bang". The island had been fortified during the war with a submarine base and airfield. Roughly 4000 tons of surplus World War II ammunition were placed in various locations around the island and set off. A significant portion of the fortifications were destroyed,

713:

and having been standing for three and a half days in searing heat, was struck by a shunting train. The load exploded, leaving a crater in the Braamfontein rail yard 60 metres (200 ft) long, 50 metres (160 ft) wide and 8 metres (26 ft) deep. The explosion was heard up to 200 kilometres

2622:

was loaded with 4,040 short tons (3,670 t) of obsolete munitions containing 512 short tons (464 t) of high explosives. The cargo was detonated at a depth of 1,000 feet (300 m) and created a 600-foot (200 m) water spout, but was not deep enough to be recorded on seismic instruments. On

1748:

and reaching settlements as far as 10 km (6.2 mi) away. Much of the southern wall of the fortress was destroyed, the nearby railway station, packed with people, was blown away, and most of the buildings in the city were turned into debris. About 2,500 people died in the explosion, and half

1013:

may also have suffered an explosion as it was lost during the night action with 857 dead, all hands. British reports say it was seen to explode. German reports speak of the ship being overwhelmed at close range and sinking. Finally, during the confused night actions in the early hours of 1 June, the

212:

On 22 July 1686, 80 tons of gunpowder exploded in the castle of Buda, killing 1500 Ottoman defenders and destroying a large portion of the defences. According to contemporary accounts, the blast wave also pushed the Danube out of its riverbed, destroying boats and causing flooding on the left (Pest)

2016:

exploded while loading ammunition bound for the Pacific region, with an estimated 4,606 short tons (4,178 t) of high explosive (HE), incendiary bombs, depth charges, and other ammunition. Another 429 short tons (389 t) waiting on nearby rail cars also exploded. The total explosive content

885:

boat one-half mile (800 m) away had its crane blown off and a crew member killed by a fragment weighing 70 pounds (30 kg). A child ashore was killed by another fragment. A case of butter was found six miles (10 km) away. A total of 352 people were killed but one crew member survived,

107:

filled with gunpowder and rocks) to destroy the bridge and thereby isolate the city from reinforcement. Three of the hellburners failed to reach the target, but one containing four tons of explosive struck the bridge. It did not explode immediately, which gave time for some Spaniards, believing the

6177: 3460:

oil cars. Approximately 3–4 minutes after the initial blast, there was a second explosion from 12 oil cars. A series of smaller blasts followed into the early morning hours, igniting the oil of a total 73 oil cars. The disaster is known to have killed 42 people; five more were missing and presumed

2803:

destroyed the plant, killing 28 people and injuring 36 more. Beyond the plant 1,821 houses and 167 shops and factories had suffered to a greater or lesser degree. Fires burned for 16 days. The explosion occurred during a weekend otherwise the casualties would have been much greater. This explosion

2093:

s former position was revealed by a trench in the ocean floor 1,000 feet (300 m) long, 200 feet (61 m) wide, and 30 to 40 feet (9.1 to 12.2 m) deep. The largest remaining piece of the hull was found in the trench and measured 16 by 10 feet (4.9 by 3.0 m). All 296 men aboard the

405:

fired by the navy entered the fort's powder magazine, which exploded. The explosion, heard more than 100 miles (160 km) away, destroyed the entire post which was supplied initially with "three thousand stand of arms, from five to six hundred barrels of powders and a great quantity of fixed

1314:). Halifax historian Jay White in 1994 concluded: "Halifax Harbour remains unchallenged in overall magnitude as long as five criteria are considered together: number of casualties, force of blast, radius of devastation, quantity of explosive material, and total value of property destroyed." 530:

and created a crater 170 feet (52 m) long, 100 to 120 feet (30 to 37 m) wide, and at least 30 feet (9 m) deep. After the explosion, attacking Union forces charged into the crater instead of around its rim. Trapped in the crater of their own making, the Union forces were easy targets for the

791:

blasting powder plant. A crater 100 ft (30 m) deep was left where the plant was. Several hundred people were injured. The plant was closed at the time, so deaths were few, with only three plant employees being killed, E. S. "Old Man" Thompson, Clarence Brady and Joseph Flynt, and

531:

Confederate soldiers once they recovered from the shock of the explosion. Union forces suffered 3798 casualties (killed, wounded, or captured) vs 1491 total losses for the Confederates. The Union forces failed to break through the Confederate defences despite the success of the mine. The

1548:. Additional explosions followed during the next few days as the depot burned, for a total of 29 explosions by 3 March. Japanese officials reported that 94 people died, 604 were injured, and 821 houses were damaged, with 4,425 households in all suffering the effects of the explosions. 1006:, was a fourth ship to suffer an explosive deflagration at Jutland with at least 893 men killed. The rear magazine was seen to detonate followed by more explosions as the cordite flash travelled along an ammunition passage beneath its broadside guns. Eyewitness reports suggest that 3562:

estimated the energy of the Beirut explosion to be equivalent to 0.5–1.2 kt of TNT. At least 218 people were killed, more than 7,000 injured, and about 300,000 made homeless. Much of central Beirut was devastated by the blast with property damage estimated at US$ 10–15 billion.

670:

to help fight the fire, while local dignitaries and a large crowd of people watched from the shore. At 4:45 pm a massive explosion destroyed the ship and nearby buildings and created a huge wave that washed over the seafront. Pieces of iron and débris were thrown as far as

3186:, England. The explosions were heard more than 100 mi (160 km) away, as far as the Netherlands and France, and the resulting flames were visible for many miles around the depot. A smoke cloud covered Hemel Hempstead and nearby parts of west Hertfordshire and 3443:

On 6 July 2013, a train of 73 tank cars of light crude oil ran away down a slight incline, after being left unattended for the night, when the air brakes failed after the locomotive engines were shut down following a small fire. It derailed twelve kilometres away in

2388:, carrying 193 tonnes of chemical substances including detonators and fuse cords, also detonated from the explosion. More than 90 people were killed, more than 500 were injured. The explosion caused a tsunami with broken ice, damaging and destroying many buildings. 3357:, the "Vassilikos" power plant 500 m (1,600 ft) away. The explosion also caused 13 deaths and more than 60 injuries. Injuries were reported as far as 5 km (3.1 mi) away and damaged houses were reported as far as 10 km (6.2 mi) away. 2671:

was created by a series of four preliminary explosions of 1,800 tonnes total and a final explosion of 3,600 tonnes of ammonium nitrate-based explosive. On 14 April 1967, the dam was reinforced by an explosion of 3,900 tonnes of ammonium nitrate-based explosive.

1240:

ridge. The explosions created 19 large craters, killed about 10,000 German soldiers, and were heard as far away as London and Dublin. Determining the power of explosions is difficult, but this was probably the largest planned explosion in history until the 1945

3301:. The explosion was seen and heard from 50 miles (80 km) away and left a smoke plume with tops as high as 30,000 feet (9 km) It caused a 3.0 earthquake and blew glass out of windows around the city. The resulting fire was extinguished on 25 October. 2021:

enlisted men. After the explosion, 258 fellow sailors refused to load ordnance; 50 of these, called the "Port Chicago 50", were convicted of mutiny even though they were willing to obey any order that did not involve loading ordnance under unsafe conditions.

3216:. The explosion consumed the roughly 400,000 kg (400 t) of kerosene and liquid oxygen aboard. This rocket was launched from an uncrewed ship in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, so there were no casualties; the launch platform was damaged and the 633:. The explosion has been described as "the largest planned explosion before testing began for the atomic bomb". Rubble from the detonation was used in 1890 to fill the gap between Great Mill Rock and Little Mill Rock, merging the two into a single island, 980:

was cut in two by deflagration of the forward magazine and sank immediately with all but two of its crew of 1,019. German eyewitness reports and the testimony of modern divers suggest all its magazines exploded. The wreck is now a debris field. At 16:25

796:

resident Alice Finch, who died of shock. Most buildings in a 5-mile (8.0 km) radius were rendered flat or uninhabitable. The explosion was felt within a radius of 130 miles (210 km), and largely thought to be an earthquake. Residents in nearby

48:

The weight of an explosive does not correlate directly with the energy or destructive effect of an explosion, as these can depend upon many other factors such as containment, proximity, purity, preheating, and external oxygenation (in the case of

347:) was fired by retreating British troops during an American invasion. 13.6 tonnes of gunpowder and thirty thousand cartridges exploded sending debris, cannonballs and musketballs over the American troops. Thirty-eight soldiers, including General 1362:

building overheated. The fire rapidly spread through the wooden structure of the main factory. Approximately 1–3 tons of TNT were involved in the blast, which levelled the structure and killed 50 workers (conflicting reports mention 52 deaths).

108:

ship to be a conventional fire ship, to board it to attempt to extinguish it. There was then a devastating blast that killed 800 Spaniards on the bridge, throwing bodies, rocks and pieces of metal a distance of several kilometres. A small

1393:– exploded and caused a fire. The subsequent series of explosions continued for three days. The facility, said to be one of the largest in the world at the time, was destroyed, along with more than 300 buildings forcing reconstruction of 2852:

crashed and ruptured in Spain, emitting a white cloud of ground-hugging fumes which spread into a nearby campground and discothèque before reaching an ignition source and exploding. 217 people were killed and 200 more severely burned.

1340:. The cause of the explosion was never officially established, though present-day authorities on explosives consider it was due to a combination of factors: an exceptionally hot day, high production demands and lax safety precautions. 1654:

attempted to tow the stricken vessel out of harbour and succeeded in getting beyond the breakwater, after the tow line had broken three times. It then exploded, levelling large areas of the port. This was witnessed by post-war author

4626: 5448:

Held responsible for the explosion that wrecked the Hirakata munitions depot, north of Osaka, on March 1, two high Army officers were placed on the reserve list, and a captain was suspended from his duties by the War Office, Domei

3159:

On 23 March 2005, there was a hydrocarbon leak due to incorrect operations during a refinery startup which caused a vapour cloud explosion when ignited by a running vehicle engine. There were 15 deaths and more than 170 injured.

1245:

atomic weapon test, and the largest non-nuclear planned explosion until the 1947 British Heligoland detonation (below). The Messines mines detonation killed more people than any other non-nuclear deliberate explosion in history.

3395:, to catch fire, destroying storage tanks and injuring six people. As it burned, several pressurized liquefied propane gas storage tanks exploded into fireballs. It was extinguished by the Cosmo Oil Company on 21 March 2011. 2887:, killed eleven people, injured one, and caused damage within a radius of several miles. The blast created a mushroom cloud 600 to 800 feet (180 to 240 m) tall and was heard as far as fifteen miles (24 km) away. 2044:, Ohio, split and leaked its contents, which spread, caught fire, and exploded. A half hour later, another tank exploded as well. The explosions destroyed 1 square mile (2.6 km), killed 130, and left 600 homeless. 2101:

was 350 yards (320 m) away and suffered extensive damage, with 23 crew killed, and 174 injured. Several other nearby ships were also damaged or destroyed. Altogether 372 were killed and 371 injured in the blast.

2560:. The detonations were detected on seismic instruments around the world; the incident encouraged intentional detonation of subsequent disposal operations to determine detectability of underwater nuclear testing. 6635: 6811: 3109:) was heard 80 km away (50 miles) and registered 3.4 on the Richter magnitude scale. It damaged about 30,000 buildings over about two-thirds of the city, for an estimated total cost of about €2 billion. 2927:

Many very large detonations have been performed in order to simulate the effects of nuclear weapons on vehicles and other military material. The largest publicly known test was conducted by the United States

2353:, in southern Spain, for unknown reasons. The explosion of 200 tons of TNT destroyed a large portion of the city. Officially, the explosion killed 150 people; the real death toll is suspected to be greater. 3487:

On 5 June 2016, a fire at the largest military armoury in the island nation of Sri Lanka caused a series of explosions that lasted for about 5 hours. One soldier was killed and several others were injured.

3078:, in the Netherlands, in which 23 people were killed and 947 were injured. The first explosion had the order of 800 kg TNT equivalence; the final explosion was in the range of 4,000–5,000 kg TNT. 2086:, with an estimated 3,800 tons of ordnance material on board. Mushrooming smoke rose to 7,000 feet (2,100 m), obscuring the surrounding area for a radius of approximately 500 yards (460 m). 1524:. The disaster killed more than 295 students and teachers, making it the deadliest school disaster in American history. Letters of sympathy were sent from around the world, including a telegram from 2442:

munitions, caught fire. After a mostly successful evacuation, the 500 tonnes of ammunition in the bunker exploded and destroyed large parts of the town. 12 people died and 15 were injured severely.

714:(120 mi) away. 75 people were killed, and more than 200 injured. Surrounding suburbs were destroyed, and roughly 3,000 people lost their homes. Almost every window in Johannesburg was broken. 1306:. After the collision the ship caught fire, drifted into town, and exploded. The explosion killed 1,950 people and destroyed much of Halifax. An evaluation of the explosion's force puts it at 2.9 767:, killing between 50 and 80 people, and destroying the town. The sound of the explosion was heard over 200 miles (320 km) away, with damage occurring to buildings 25 miles (40 km) away. 112:

arose in the river, the ground shook for kilometres around and a large, dark cloud covered the area. The blast was felt as far as 35 kilometres (22 mi) away in Ghent, where windows vibrated.

6443: 462:

with a depth of 40 feet (12 m) and 50 feet (15 m) in diameter. The explosion was heard at locations as far as 40 miles (64 km) away. 53 people died, and 400 to 500 were injured.

2610:, in 1965, using conventional explosives to simulate the shock effects of nuclear blasts on naval vessels. Each test included the detonation of 500 short tons (450 t) of high explosives. 1454:. The explosion caused fires in surrounding buildings in the Nixon Nitration Works that contained other highly flammable materials. The disaster killed 20 people and destroyed 40 buildings. 6843: 134:, China, destroyed almost everything within an area of two square kilometres (0.77 sq mi) surrounding the site. The estimated death toll was 20,000. About half of Beijing, from 2335:. The cargo consisted of 3,300 tonnes of ammonium nitrate in addition to paraffin and petrol. The explosion killed 22 people, hundreds were injured, 4,000–5,000 buildings were damaged. 743:, killing 266 on board. Spanish investigations found that it was likely started by spontaneous combustion of the adjacent coal bunker or accidental ignition of volatile gases. The 1898 2482:, carrying more than 40 tons of dynamite, exploded. The explosion killed more than 1,000 people, and left a crater 25 metres (82 ft) deep and 60 metres (200 ft) in diameter. 2948:, with a yield of about 4 kt (3,900 long tons; 4,400 short tons). Misty Picture was another similar test a few years later, slightly smaller at 4,685 short tons or 4,250 t. 261:, Italy was struck by lightning. The resulting fire ignited 90 tonnes of gunpowder being stored, and the subsequent explosion destroyed one-sixth of the city and killed 3,000 people. 3105:, France. The disaster caused 31 deaths, 2,500 seriously wounded, and 8,000 minor injuries. The blast (estimated yield of 20–40 tons of TNT, comparable in scale to the military test 1980:. Four more LSTs, ten tugs, and a net tender were damaged. Eleven buildings were destroyed ashore and nine more damaged. Between 132 and nearly 400 military personnel were killed. 3272:, 170 km (110 mi) away. There were 26 killed, 318 houses were destroyed completely, 200 buildings were seriously damaged, and 188 buildings were less seriously damaged. 1372: 5155: 3012:, USSR. Explosion of 118 tons of hexogen made a 26-metre (85 ft) deep crater, and caused major damage, killing 91 people and injuring 1,500. 151 buildings were destroyed. 5987:

On July 15, 1949, one-third of the people of Prum in Germany lost their homes when ammunition stored in a large concrete pillbox exploded and covered the hillside with debris.

475: 1908:

that resulted flattened whole neighbourhoods near the harbour. Fires broke out in the aftermath, leaving 5,000 people homeless. 160 people were killed, and 5,000 wounded.

689: 527: 176:

prisoners who were being kept there. The explosion effectively ended the battle, bringing victory to the Parliamentarians. It almost killed the Parliamentarian commander,

857:. The ship exploded on 7 March 1913, killing more than 30 people, injuring about 60, and destroying a tug and two barges. Most accounts describe two distinct explosions. 2580: 6709: 6643: 6821: 3052:

that would have allowed the vehicle to be destroyed mid-air. After the disaster, foreign media were kept in a bunker for five hours while, some alleged, the Chinese

1397:

and Sayreville. More than 100 people died due to this accident. During a three-day period, a total of 12,000,000 pounds (5,400 t) of explosives were destroyed.

5859: 3519: 1602:. At least 51 people were killed, more than 100 injured, and twenty buildings flattened. It remains unknown if this was an industrial accident, or sabotage by pro- 1089:

explosive. The mine created a crater 300 ft (90 m) across and 90 ft (30 m) deep, with a rim 15 ft (5 m) high. The crater is known as

3479:

at a warehouse operated by Ruihai Logistics. The more powerful explosion was estimated at 336 tons TNT equivalent. 173 people were killed, and 8 remain missing.

6966: 2538:, Australia, tested the effects of nuclear weapons on tropical rainforest, military targets and ability of troops to transit through the resulting debris field. 6888: 4621: 1689:. The wreck has been located in three pieces, suggesting additional detonation of a forward magazine. There were only three survivors from the crew of 1,418. 6220: 5737: 2684:

was loaded with 8,000 short tons (7,300 t) of obsolete munitions containing 400 short tons (360 t) of high explosives. The cargo was detonated off

2734:). Investigators later determined that as much as 85% of the fuel in the rocket did not detonate, meaning that the blast yield was likely no more than 1 kt 988:

was cut in two by detonation of the forward magazine and sank with all but 21 of its crew of 1,283. As the rear section capsized it also exploded. At 18:30

3497: 1498:, detonated during maintenance work. The detonation could be heard at a distance of 124 miles (200 km). The death toll was 68, and 160 were injured. 6681: 3628:

explosive, which is 1.35 times as powerful as TNT, giving the bomb an approximate yield of 11 t TNT. It would require about 250 MOAB blasts to equal the

3026:

On 4 June 1989, a gas explosion destroyed two trains (37 cars and two locomotives) in the USSR. At least 575 people died and more than 800 were injured.

6447: 3145:, in Denmark. One firefighter was killed, and a mass evacuation of 2,000 people saved many lives. The cost of the damage was estimated at €100 million. 2192: 2047: 64:, or the common dictionary meaning, "a violent and destructive shattering or blowing apart of something". No distinction is made as to whether it is a 6861: 4735: 780: 2302:

although some survived. According to Willmore, the energy released was 1.3×10 J, or about 3.2 kilotons of TNT equivalent. The blast is listed in the

5349:

Simpson, David; Ruffman, Alan (1994). "Explosions, Bombs and Bumps: Scientific Aspects of the Explosion". In Ruffman, Alan; Colin D. Howell (eds.).

4700: 2646: 2245:

On 12 November 1945 in Japan, when Allied occupation troops were trying to dispose of 530 tons of ammunition, there was an explosion in a tunnel in

1323: 26: 2232:

On 7 May 1945, 100 tons of TNT were stacked on a wooden tower and exploded to test the instrumentation prior to the test of the first atomic bomb.

4488: 3838: 3818: 3332: 3056:

attempted to "clean up" the damage. Officials later blamed the failure on an "unexpected gust of wind" although video shows this is not the case.

2214:'s magazine exploded as it sank, resulting in a mushroom cloud rising six kilometres (3.7 mi) above the wreck, and which could be seen from 60:

For this article, explosion means "the sudden conversion of potential energy (chemical or mechanical) into kinetic energy", as defined by the US

6847: 4976:; (tr. The earthquake and powder explosion on Rhodes in autumn 1856); Westermann's Illustrirte Deutsche Monatshefte, Nro. 7, April 1857 (pp. 34) 4616: 3641: 1219: 675:, 8 km (5 mi) away, where a person was killed by the falling debris. 590 people were killed, and between 500 and 2,000 were injured. 4985:

Marlene Bradford, Robert S. Carmichael, Tracy Irons-Georges: Natural Disasters – Icebergs and glaciers-wind gusts; Salem Press, 2001 (p. 737).

4124:

These yields are approximated by the amount of the explosive material and its properties. They are rough estimates and are not authoritative.

2865:, at least two tanker cars of a burning derailed train exploded into BLEVEs; one of them was thrown nearly three-quarters mile (1.2 km). 1773:(200 t) using dynamite, after failing to do so using regular tools. In total, 189 people died and more than 900 were injured in the incident. 1603: 5702: 5628: 5599: 5426: 3384: 663: 441: 91:

On 4 April 1585, during the Spanish siege of Antwerp, a fortified bridge named "Puente Farnesio" (after the commander of the Spanish forces,

6686:[Biblical destruction in Cyprus – 16 dead and dozens wounded – Sabotage considered] (in Greek). NewsIt. 11 July 2011. Archived from 5375: 4669: 3554:

felt more than 240 kilometres (150 mi) away. Following early estimates of the yield of the explosion ranging from hundreds of tons of

61: 5181: 2512:, an ammonium nitrate-based explosive. This was one of the largest non-nuclear planned explosions on record, and the subject of the first 5236: 2645:, France, and resulted in a cloud of propane vapour which persisted until it was ignited by a car passing by. Several tanks erupted in a 2017:

is described as between 1,600 and 2,136 tons of TNT. 320 were killed instantly, another 390 wounded. Most of the killed and wounded were

5083: 3098: 2750:

On 9 March 1972, 2,000 tons (4 million pounds) of explosive were detonated inside three levels of tunnels in the Old Reliable Mine near

1441: 1048: 7212: 5782: 3315:

On 13 and 23 November 2009, 120 tons of Soviet-era artillery shells blew in two separate sets of explosions at the 31st Arsenal of the

1994:

On 4 July 1944, a barge loaded with ammunition exploded in the harbour of Aarhus, Denmark, killing 39 people and injuring another 250.

1179:

in Quickborn-Heide (northern Germany) killed at least 115 people (some sources say more than 200 people), mostly young female workers.

5358: 5308: 4876: 3175: 2132: 1111:

by German agents caused 1,000 short tons (910 t) of explosives bound for Europe, along with another 50 short tons (45 t) on

410:

later said that the "explosion was awful and the scene horrible beyond description". Reports mention no American military casualties.

6483: 5159: 4815: 1950:

bombers. The ship was destroyed within 30 seconds killing all 580 personnel aboard when the cargo of bombs and explosives detonated.

7195: 5672:"Port Chicago Naval Magazine Explosion on 17 July 1944: Court of Inquiry: Finding of Facts, Opinion and Recommendations, continued…" 5502: 5003: 3410: 3404: 2513: 2451: 2031: 7080: 7119: 6408: 4757: 995:

was cut in two by detonation of the midships magazine and sank in 90 seconds. Six of its crew survived; 1,026 men died, including

5559: 3281: 3229: 2668: 2556:, containing 7,348 short tons (6,666 t) of obsolete munitions, caused unexpected detonations five minutes after sinking off 2509: 92: 7143: 4892: 419: 3426: 3287: 3045: 2933: 4837: 4660:

Jay, White (1994). "Exploding Myths: The Halifax Explosion in Historical Context". In Ruffman, Alan; Howell, Colin D. (eds.).

3174:

On 11 December 2005, there was a series of major explosions at the 60,000,000 imp gal (270,000,000 L) capacity

7055: 3310: 2304: 1591: 1579: 783:, 4 miles (6.4 km) away, were levelled by the explosion of five magazines holding 300 tons of dynamite, 105,000 kegs of 629:

shipping traffic. The explosion sent a geyser of water 250 ft (76 m) in the air; the blast was felt as far away as

6719: 2754:. The blast was an experimental attempt to break up the ore body so that metals (primarily copper) could be extracted using 1900:, loaded with 124,000 kilograms (124 t) of explosives, caught fire and exploded in Norway at the quay in the centre of 7029: 3000:

The Arzamas explosion, known also as Arzamas train disaster, occurred on 4 June 1988, when three goods wagons transporting

7243: 6045: 5476: 5221: 4612: 4500: 3796: 3752: 3705: 3438: 3342: 3154: 1831: 1337: 899: 536: 374: 5933: 4642:

off Kent, England, in 1944, with a cargo of 1.4 kt of high explosives. As of 1st June 2024 the cargo remains undetonated.

1636:

bombs struck the ship, igniting 350 tonnes of TNT; a barge nearby carried an additional 100 tonnes which also detonated.

4453: 2412:, Switzerland. The explosion of 3,000 tonnes of ammunition killed nine people and destroyed every house in the village. 2297:

On 18 April 1947, British engineers attempted to destroy the abandoned German fortifications on the evacuated island of

1785: 1731: 1686: 1390: 618: 548: 6141: 6110: 5671: 5030: 3596:, causes an explosion large enough to be detected as an earthquake by monitoring stations. Local residents are told to 2435: 557:

Fort Fisher Cropped Interior view of the northeast angle Showing the site of the reserve powder magazine that exploded.

4338: 4326: 3686: 3069: 2722:, after a turbopump exploded in one of the engines. The entire rocket contained about 680,000 kg (680 t) of 1507: 1495: 1165:

and was heard more than 100 mi (160 km) away, with the resulting fires visible for 30 mi (50 km).

776: 7009: 5056: 3053: 6289: 6246: 5324: 4779: 3242:. The incident was blamed on high temperatures. Officials confirmed 93 human fatalities and more than 300 injuries. 2834:

guard. 59 people died, and 185 others seriously wounded; altogether, more than 1,300 people were injured or killed.

890:

containing more than 150 tons of high explosive. An inquiry blamed faulty priming, possibly by untrained personnel.

3727: 3414: 2208: 1053: 608: 505: 470:

On 6 November 1856 lightning struck 3,000 to 6,000 hundredweight (about 150–300 tonnes) of gunpowder stored by the

322: 143: 6565: 2456:

The South Amboy powder pier explosion occurred on 19 May 1950. More than 420 tons of explosives in transit at the

6913: 6513: 6444:"Urban Growth Analysis Within a High Technological Risk Area: Case of AZF Factory Explosion in Toulouse (France)" 3877: 3741: 3572: 3251: 3191: 3049: 2937: 2874: 2479: 1806:

out of the water as if it had suffered a torpedo hit, and both diesel engines and the gyrocompass were disabled.

740: 578: 515: 270: 6757:"LPG Tanks Fire Extinguished at Chiba Refinery (5th Update)". Cosmo Oil. 21 March 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2020. 748: 522:

detonated a mine containing 320 kegs of gunpowder, totalling 8,000 pounds (3,600 kg) under the Confederate

6018: 4255: 3617: 3136: 2009: 1989: 974: 846: 160:

On 16 February 1646, 80 barrels (5.72 tons) of gunpowder were accidentally ignited by a stray spark during the

6931:

Huang, Ping; Zhang, Jingyuan (2015). "Facts related to August 12, 2015 explosion accident in Tianjin, China".

6687: 5088: 912:, Kent, when 200 tons of TNT ignited. 105 people died in the explosion. The munitions factory was next to the 126:

About nine o'clock in the morning of 30 May 1626, an explosion of combustibles at the Wanggongchang Armory in

4712: 1823:

On the night of 3 November 1942, torpedoes detonated the ammunition cargo of the 6,690-ton British freighter

621:

detonated 300,000 pounds (150 t) of explosives on Flood Rock, annihilating the island, in order to clear the

6865: 4708: 4529: 3785: 3578: 3559: 3470: 3298: 2979: 2461: 2083: 1969: 1919: 1394: 1260: 1116: 1007: 747:

investigation blamed an assumed mine, which caused public outrage in the United States and sympathy for the

512: 292: 121: 7314: 6683:Βιβλική καταστροφή στην Κύπρο – 16 νεκροί και δεκάδες τραυματίες – Εξετάζεται ΚΑΙ το ενδεχόμενο δολιοφθοράς 788: 432:, a mortar shell hit 180 tonnes of gunpowder stored in a mosque, causing an explosion and many casualties. 7339: 6535: 5130: 3807: 3673: 3366: 2995: 2929: 2068: 1708: 1537: 1405: 1386: 1242: 1073:. The explosions constituted what was then the loudest human-made sound in history, and could be heard in 1058: 684: 6914:"Lac-Mégantic runaway train and derailment investigation summary – Railway Investigation Report R13D0054" 6508: 5278: 2700:

was loaded with obsolete munitions and detonated off New Jersey at a depth of 4,000 feet (1,200 m).

6455: 6261: 5620: 4869:

Negro comrades of the Crown: African Americans and the British Empire fight the U.S. before emancipation

4631: 4366: 4243: 3537: 2896: 2843: 2813: 2531: 2037: 2003: 1888: 1867: 1622: 1564: 1491: 989: 798: 693:

The hole created by the Braamfontein dynamite explosion (looking west) at Maraisburg on 19 February 1896

630: 429: 214: 458:

on the quayside, which rained masonry and flaming timbers across wide areas of both cities, and left a

213:

bank. The cause of the explosion was most likely a shot fired by a famed Italian artillery officer and

5753: 7158: 5868: 5816: 5680:

1,780 tons of HE on ship plus 199 tons of black powder; docks had 146 tons of HE plus 11 tons powder.

5463:

Mass Casualties, a Lessons Learned Approach: Accidents, Civil Disorders, Natural Disasters, Terrorism

4592: 4162: 3763: 3597: 3585: 2963: 2831: 2782: 2597: 2280: 2139: 2095: 1349: 1295: 1140: 1036: 1022: 966: 829: 588: 569:, North Carolina, the accidental explosion of the fort magazine resulted in an estimated 200 deaths. 532: 519: 491: 378: 207: 161: 155: 2909:

oil tank farm was felt for 100–130 miles from epicenter, claiming 1 life and injuring 22–24 people.

2804:

caused a significant strengthening of safety regulations for chemical plants in the United Kingdom.

2253:. According to a confirmed official report, 147 local residents were killed and 149 people injured. 146:, nearly 40 kilometres (25 mi) away, reported hearing the blast and feeling the earth tremble. 7334: 6992: 6816: 6346:, Federal Emergency Management Agency, United States Fire Administration, National Fire Data Center 4402: 4202: 3621: 2719: 2384:. The ship transported 3,313 tonnes of ammonal and TNT for the mining industry. Another cargo ship 2262: 2111: 1802:. Five thousand tons of dynamite in the cargo detonated after the ship sank. The shock wave lifted 1599: 1102: 1070: 854: 666:, but authorities were unaware of this. Municipal firefighters and crew from other vessels boarded 508: 495: 447: 135: 4929: 2349:

On 18 August 1947, a naval ammunition warehouse containing mostly mines and torpedoes exploded in

1157:

munitions factory. The explosion killed 73 people and injured hundreds. The blast was felt across

672: 314: 7144:"Preliminary yield estimation of the 2020 Beirut explosion using video footage from social media" 7104: 6948: 6592: 5894: 5832: 5564: 5465:. U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. p. 305. 5061: 3716: 3118: 3106: 3057: 3021: 2902: 2800: 2763: 2589: 2525: 2292: 1977: 1973: 1959: 1939: 1741: 1648: 1595: 1382: 1355: 1000: 875: 814: 744: 653: 592: 501: 398: 340: 280: 240: 177: 50: 5193: 2344: 1377:

On 4 October 1918, an ammunition plant – operated by the T. A. Gillespie Company and located in

942: 275:

On 12 January 1807, a ship carrying hundreds of barrels of black powder exploded in the city of

139: 6733: 5912: 5400:

Malone, Bridget; Epstein, Sue (4 October 1998). "For 3 days, the ground shook in South Amboy".

3528:

tank exploded at the IQOXE (Chemical Industries of Ethylene Oxide) plant in Tarragona (Spain).

2738:. Comparing explosions of initially unmixed fuels is difficult (being part detonation and part 7300: 7286: 7260: 7176: 7139: 5886: 5698: 5624: 5595: 5422: 5354: 5304: 5252: 4999: 4872: 4665: 4581: 4471: 4414: 4150: 3629: 3378: 2975: 2884: 2862: 2421: 2396: 2276: 1582:. The explosion killed 186 men, destroyed three nearby armed trawlers, and damaged nine more. 1517: 1447: 1265: 1255: 1233: 1128: 1066: 937: 850: 764: 318: 298: 252: 165: 21:

There have been many extremely large explosions, accidental and intentional, caused by modern

4973: 3558:

to 1.1 kilotons, a study by researchers from the Blast and Impact Research Group at the

3502:

On 20 December 2016, a fireworks explosion occurred at the San Pablito Market in the city of

7216: 7166: 6940: 6590:

Kulish, Nicholas, "After Munitions Explosion, Albanians Ask Why Danger Was Placed So Near",

6543: 6152: 5876: 5824: 5015:

Volume 4 of Battles and Leaders of the Civil War series p,649 for a larger view of this site

4552: 4425: 4389: 4310: 4306: 4113: 4053: 3543: 3453: 3429:

recorded the explosion as a 2.1-magnitude earthquake, the equivalent of 7.5–10 tons of TNT.

3425:. The blast killed 15 people, injured more than 160, and destroyed over 150 buildings. The 3392: 3316: 2751: 2501: 2381: 2272: 2204: 2018: 1932: 1770: 1660: 1513: 1451: 1428:

silo filled with 4,500 tonnes of fertilizer exploded, killing about 560, largely destroying

726: 649: 591:(magazine) exploded, killing 300 people. This event occurred six weeks after the end of the 553: 459: 455: 407: 6369:

U.S. National Security and Military/Commercial Concerns with the People's Republic of China

5645: 3353:

holding various types of munitions. The naval base was destroyed, as was Cyprus's biggest

2762:

process. The benefits of increased production were short-lived while the costs of managing

658:

caught fire when it was docked. The ship was laden with 51 tons of dynamite and 12 tons of

6771: 6468: 6274: 5690: 5402: 4807: 4569: 4541: 4296: 4280: 3388: 3350: 3286:

On the morning of 23 October 2009, there was a major explosion at the petrol tanks at the

3234:

On 22 March 2007, there was a series of explosions over 2.5 hours in an arms depot in the

3187: 3179: 3169: 2957: 2636: 2547: 2175: 2075: 1873: 1701: 1664: 1419: 1359: 1291: 1195: 1120: 970: 928:, where domestic windows were blown out and two large plate-glass shop windows shattered. 925: 793: 584: 306: 189: 86: 7054:

Regan, Helen; Qiblawi, Tamara; Balkiz, Ghazi; Wedeman, Ben; McGee, Luke (5 August 2020).

5936:[Tragedy in Nagaev Bay 1947 My homeland is Magadan] (in Russian). 29 January 2016 5510: 4900: 3445: 3127:

on 22 April 2004. According to officials, 54 people were killed and 1,249 were injured.

310: 194:

About 30 tonnes of gunpowder exploded on 12 October 1654, destroying much of the city of

7162: 5872: 5820: 4951: 4923: 1482:

in South Africa. Five people were killed and 11 injured in the sparsely-populated area.

7238: 6412: 6000: 5934:"Трагедия в бухте Нагаева. 1947 год | Моя родина – Магадан Tragedy in Nagaev Bay. 1947" 4639: 4556: 4190: 4179: 3625: 3555: 3547: 3525: 3338: 2788: 2735: 2731: 2573: 2473: 2246: 1854: 1479: 1307: 1199: 1187: 1078: 982: 921: 913: 882: 523: 471: 394: 334: 302: 236: 198:

in the Netherlands. More than a hundred people were killed and thousands were injured.

22: 7056:"Improperly stored ammonium nitrate linked to Beirut explosion that injured thousands" 6774:. 11 March 2011. Archived from the original on 14 March 2011. Retrieved 7 August 2020. 2818:

On 11 November 1977, a freight train carrying 40 tons of dynamite in South Korea from

2649:, causing the deaths of 18 people, the injury of 81 and extensive damage to the site. 1590:

On 12 September 1940, nearly 300,000 pounds (140 t) of gunpowder exploded at the

1544:, suffered a catastrophic explosion, the sound of which could be heard throughout the 7328: 6952: 4218: 4109: 3974: 3774: 3581: 3362: 3183: 3092: 3044:

rocket veered severely off course immediately after clearing the launch tower at the

3041: 2922: 2759: 2755: 2603: 2457: 2332: 2250: 2168: 2117: 1818: 1799: 1744:

for ammunition storage. On 5 June 1941 it exploded, blasting through the entirety of

1715: 1641: 1475: 1471: 1284: 1269: 958: 806: 802: 736: 710: 659: 614: 6967:"Tianjin explosion: China sets final death toll at 173, ending search for survivors" 6785: 5836: 4871:(1. publ. in paperback. ed.). New York: New York University Press. p. 83. 3048:, then crashed into a nearby city and exploded on impact. The rocket did not have a 2627:

was similarly detonated with 8,715 short tons (7,906 t) of obsolete munitions.

2279:. 581 died and more than 5,000 were injured. This is generally considered the worst 1039:. The resulting explosion broke the ship in half and killed the entire crew of 839. 283:. The disaster killed 151 people and destroyed more than 200 buildings in the city. 6338: 5956: 5189: 5104: 4845: 4635: 4461: 4292: 3647: 3358: 3290: 3035: 3009: 2827: 2739: 2369: 2227: 2165: 2079: 1965: 1525: 1429: 1154: 1124: 1082: 962: 842: 702: 698: 370: 348: 127: 65: 6606: 6364: 813:

scoured the streets, looking for the site of a bombing. Windows were shattered in

482:, causing a blast that destroyed large parts of the city and killed 4,000 people. 6636:"Explosion at Ulyanovsk Russian Military Depot Kills Several and Devastates Town" 5727:(New Scan) Massive Non-Nuclear Explosion: Ammunition Ship SS John Burke – YouTube 1224:

On 7 June 1917, a series of large British mines, containing a total of more than

6371:. Select Committee of the United States House of Representatives. 3 January 1999 5758: 5675: 4441: 3955: 3593: 3507: 3422: 3418: 3354: 3124: 2918: 2796: 2792: 2715: 2709: 2685: 2497: 2491: 2439: 2313: 2161: 1894: 1762: 1303: 1198:. A series of explosions on 25 May 1917 killed 300 workers. This event inspired 1150: 1015: 996: 955: 566: 402: 366: 7171: 6051: 5533:"Vergeten ramp van Tessenderlo kostte 75 jaar geleden aan 190 mensen het leven" 5532: 5480: 5206: 3190:. There were no fatalities, but there were around 43 injuries (2 serious). The 2464:

detonated due to unknown causes, killing 31 people and injuring more than 350.

1409:

1939 Japanese Imperial Army ammunition dump exploded in Hirakata, Osaka, Japan.

406:

ammunition, shot, shells". About 270 men, women and children lay dead. General

6665: 6390: 6202: 5726: 5587: 4516: 4512: 4457: 4313: 4267: 4230: 3731: 3551: 3235: 3213: 3203: 2585: 2568: 2557: 2535: 2405: 2377: 2298: 1656: 1637: 1575: 1571: 1545: 1378: 1333: 1237: 1146: 1123:. There were few deaths, but about 100 injuries. Damage included buildings on 887: 787:, and five rail wagons filled with dynamite housed at a 190-acre (77-hectare) 626: 596: 562: 360: 168:, destroying the church in which the magazine was located and killing several 100: 69: 7180: 5890: 5446:. Vol. 88. Millard Publishing Company, Incorporated. 1939. p. 134. 6315: 6118: 5237:

TOWN IS DESTROYED Pleasant Prairie Wisconsin Wiped Out by Dynamite Exolosion

4627:

List of accidents and incidents involving transport or storage of ammunition

4353: 4214: 4194: 4183: 4173: 3542:

On 4 August 2020, a warehouse containing 2,750 tonnes (3,030 short tons) of

3320: 3294: 3209: 2983: 2941: 2880: 2849: 2658: 2041: 1947: 1828: 1745: 1633: 1311: 909: 784: 706: 634: 622: 451: 232: 226: 173: 104: 34: 30: 5881: 5854: 3608:

The most powerful non-nuclear weapons ever designed are the United States'

3409:

On 17 April 2013, a fire culminating in an explosion shortly before 8 p.m.

3257: 7196:"Blast from attack on Russian arms depot picked up on earthquake monitors" 6812:"Live video: Fertilizer plant explosion injures dozens in West, near Waco" 5653:(technical report), Los Alamos National Laboratory, p. 3, LA-10605-MS 2848:

On 11 July 1978, an overloaded tanker truck carrying 23 tons of liquefied

321:

William Cox. A shell made a chance hit on the medieval castle, within the

217:, "Fiery" Gabriel, which penetrated into the underground ammunition dump. 6766:"Natural gas storage tanks burn at Cosmo oil refinery in Ichihara city". 6611: 6293: 6250: 6149:

U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Scientific and Technical Information

6096: 4349: 3589: 3503: 3475:

On 12 August 2015, at 23:30, two explosions occurred in the Chinese port

3102: 3075: 2727: 2723: 2350: 2181:, and disintegrated in a tremendous explosion with the loss of all crew. 2178: 1679: 1541: 1467: 1463: 1329: 1205: 1191: 1108: 386: 169: 54: 42: 4272:

1.6–2.2 kt (6.7–9.2 TJ); some sources suggest as much as 5 kt

2726:

and 1,780,000 kg (1,780 t) of liquid oxygen. Using a standard

3476: 3457: 3261: 3256:

On 15 March 2008, at an ex-military ammunition depot in the village of

3142: 3005: 3001: 2819: 2767: 2427: 2409: 2373: 2157: 1943: 1905: 1791: 1766: 1629: 1229: 1086: 917: 838: 810: 731:

On 15 February 1898, more than 5 tons of gunpowder exploded in the USS

390: 382: 344: 258: 131: 109: 96: 6944: 6426:

Bedford, T.; van Gelder, P.H.A.J.M. (2003), "Safety and reliability",

5301:

The War from Within: German Working-Class Women in the First World War

1432:, Germany, and causing damage more than 30 km (19 mi) away. 1021:

was hit by one, or possibly two, torpedoes from the British destroyer

5898: 5828: 4378: 3624:" (tested in 2007). The MOAB contains 18,700 lb (8.5 t) of 3449: 3269: 3265: 3239: 2906: 2770: 2664: 2607: 2505: 2215: 1901: 1849: 1737: 1607: 1277: 1158: 1074: 905: 881:

suffered a blast. Wreckage was thrown up to 20 miles (30 km), a

526:. The explosion killed 278 Confederate soldiers of the 18th and 22nd 479: 425: 276: 7081:"Fireworks, ammonium nitrate likely fueled massive Beirut explosion" 6889:"Analysis: West Fertilizer report details sequence of a catastrophe" 6156: 5807:

Willmore, PL (1947). "Seismic Aspects of the Heligoland Explosion".

5461:

Cowley, R Adams; Edelstein, Sol; Silverstein, Martin Elliot (1982).

3194:

estimated the equivalent yield of the explosion as 29.5 tonnes TNT.

1714:; 862 crew were lost. The main magazine's explosion was filmed by a 1685:

sank in three minutes after the stern magazine detonated during the

841:) carrying 343 tons of dynamite for use during construction of the 7138:

Rigby, S.E.; Lodge, T.J.; Alotaibi, S.; Barr, A.D.; Clarke, S.D.;

5981:

United States Congress Senate Committee on Appropriations (1960).

5855:"Seismic Experiments on the North German Explosions, 1946 to 1947" 3217: 2830:

province. The cause of the explosion was accidental ignition by a

2823: 2579: 2567: 2395: 2191: 2055:. The smoke trails are left by fragments ejected by the explosion. 2046: 1918: 1521: 1404: 1324:

National Shell Filling Factory, Chilwell § The 1918 explosion

1259: 1162: 1052: 941: 688: 552: 195: 6509:"Analysis of the Buncefield Oil Depot Explosion 11 December 2005" 5419:

Explosion at Morgan: The World War I Middlesex Munitions Disaster

4477:

0.3–1 kt (1.3–4.2 TJ); some sources suggest as much as

4120:

Largest accidental artificial non-nuclear explosions by magnitude

2730:

gives about 29 TJ for the energy of the explosion (about 6.93 kt

904:

On 2 April 1916, an explosion blew through the gunpowder mill at

486:

The Battle of the Crater during the siege of Petersburg, Virginia

142:

in the North, was affected. Guard units stationed as far away as

7268:(report), Los Alamos Scientific Laboratory, p. 7, LA-6300-H 4780:"The Blast that nearly destroyed Beijing – The World of Chinese" 3869: 3609: 3346: 2945: 2642: 1425: 916:, and the explosion was heard across the estuary as far away as 38: 6142:"Analyzing of Surface-Motion Data from Old Reliable Mine Blast" 2218:, 160 kilometres (99 mi) away. 3,055 crewmen were killed. 1757:

On Wednesday, 29 April 1942, an explosion destroyed the entire

5376:"History Canada: Dec. 6, 1917 Canada's worst domestic tragedy" 4974:

Das Erdbeben und die Pulverexplosion auf Rhodus im Herbst 1856

3678: 3141:

On 3 November 2004, about 284 tonnes of fireworks exploded in

760: 6844:"Central Texas fertilizer blast triggers 2.1 magnitude quake" 2962:

On 4 May 1988, about 4,250 short tons (3,860 metric tons) of

1272:

looking toward the Narrows 15–20 seconds after the explosion.

1173:

On 10 February 1917, a chain reaction in an ammunition plant

317:

besieged the garrison; the garrison was commanded by British

7120:"Beirut blast one of ´biggest ever non-nuclear´ explosions". 6446:. École Nationale des Sciences Géographiques. Archived from 5351:

Ground Zero: A Reassessment of the 1917 explosion in Halifax

4662:

Ground Zero: A Reassessment of the 1917 explosion in Halifax

1964:

On 21 May 1944, an ammunition handling accident in Hawaii's

351:, the American commander, were killed and 222 were wounded. 6340:

Fire and Explosions at Rocket Fuel Plant, Henderson, Nevada

6171:"The Flixborough disaster – Report of the Court of Inquiry" 5756:[The day on which Helgoland defied the mega bomb]. 3893:

1 & 6-simultaneous tests × 120 short tons (110 t)

3417:, 18 April) destroyed the West Fertilizer Company plant in 3387:

caused natural gas containers in the Cosmo Oil Refinery of

2602:

A series of tests, Operation Sailor Hat, was performed off

243:

mortar. 300 Turkish soldiers were killed in the explosion.

4430:

0.73–0.86 kt (3.1–3.6 TJ); some sources suggest

2584:

Detonation of explosive during Operation Sailor Hat, with

5957:"Mitholz – the tranquil Swiss village facing a time bomb" 5560:""Zowat elk gezin in onze straat verloor een familielid"" 1328:

On 1 July 1918, the National Shell Filling Factory No 6 (

1093:

after the trench from where the main tunnel was started.

771:

DuPont Powder Mill Explosion, Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin

3421:, United States, located 18 miles (29 km) north of 2940:

in New Mexico. This test, named Minor Scale, used 4,744

2552:

On 17 September 1964, the offshore disposal of the ship

2116:

On 27 November 1944, the RAF Ammunition Depot at Fauld,

900:

Faversham explosives industry § The Great Explosion

6864:. U.S. Geological Survey. 18 April 2013. Archived from 5119:– via páginas personales de Juan Manuel Grijalvo. 5057:"The East River is Cleaner Now. The Water Birds Say So" 4808:"Fort Gadsden and the "Negro Fort" on the Apalachicola" 2530:

On 18 July 1963, a test blast of 50 tons of TNT in the

1749:

of the inhabitants were injured (approximately 5,500).

474:

in the bell tower of the Agios Ioannis church near the

6786:"Explosion hits fertilizer plant north of Waco, Texas" 6753: 6751: 6484:"North Korea Appeals for Help After Railway Explosion" 6249:. Albuquerque, NM: Tech Reps Inc. 1986. Archived from 5207:

Recent explosion in Waukegan has nothing on 1911 blast

4072:

series of 20 tons TNT at Nevada Test Site in 1963–64,

3646:

Large conventional explosions have been conducted for

3510:. At least 42 people were killed, and dozens injured. 3337:

About 5:45 am local time on 11 July 2011, a fire at a

2156:

On 28 December 1944, while transporting ammunition to

1446:

On 1 March 1924, an explosion destroyed a building in

6428:

ESREL 2003 European safety and reliability conference

6288:

Reed, Jack W.; Zehrt, William H. Jr. (30 June 1998).

4953:

A Record of the Great Fire in Newcastle and Gateshead

1516:

caused an explosion, destroying the London School of

1462:

On 17 July 1932, a train carrying 320 to 330 tons of

1373:

T. A. Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant explosion

1367:

T. A. Gillespie Company Shell Loading Plant explosion

1232:

explosive, was detonated beneath German lines on the

886:

with severe burns. The ship had been loaded with 300

235:, up until then intact, was ruined partially when an 6670:, Super Suku Tube, 14 April 2010 – via YouTube 5158:. Naval History and Heritage Command. Archived from 3650:

purposes. Some of the larger ones are listed below.

3074:

On 13 May 2000, 177 tonnes of fireworks exploded in

6734:"M 3.0 – Cyprus region – 11 July 2011 02:47:52 UTC" 6290:"Community Damages from the Pepcon Explosion, 1988" 4758:"Hellburners Were the Renaissance's Tactical Nukes" 3620:, in Achin District, Afghanistan) and the Russian " 3604:

Comparison with large non-nuclear military ordnance

2663:On 21 October 1966, a mud flow protection dam near 1302:carried 2,653 tonnes of various explosives, mostly 535:(as it was later named) was thus a victory for the 476:

Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes

7133: 7131: 6044:Kelso, Jack R.; Clifford, Jr., C. C. (June 1964). 2364:On 19 December 1947, the Liberty class cargo ship 2138:exploded when torpedoes fired by the US submarine 595:, during the occupation of the city by victorious 401:. There was an exchange of cannon fire; the first 7030:"Satellite Images Show Aftermath of Beirut Blast" 6642:. University of Northern Virginia. Archived from 6080:Steve Kurak (September 1967). "Operation Chase". 5754:"Der Tag, an dem Helgoland der Megabombe trotzte" 5421:. Charleston, South Carolina: The History Press. 4802: 4800: 4088:series of 20 or 100 tons TNT in the early 1970s, 2773:being exposed to oxygen continue to the present. 2508:was levelled by the explosion of 1,375 tonnes of 965:initiated by armour-piercing shells fired by the 6318:. Exponent Engineering and Scientific Consulting 6176:. Department of Employment. 1975. Archived from 6019:"Aug 7, 1956: Mysterious explosions in Colombia" 3004:to Kazakhstan exploded on a railway crossing in 454:, UK, caused the explosion of combustibles in a 257:On 18 August 1769, the Bastion of San Nazaro in 6718:], MegaTV.com, 11 July 2011, archived from 5860:Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society 5222:Pleasant Prairie, WI Powder Explosion, Mar 1911 3520:Chemical Industries of Ethylene Oxide explosion 2795:, England, caused a large release of flammable 1736:During World War II, German invading forces in 339:On 27 April 1813, the magazine of Fort York in 6536:"Explosions rock Maputo Airport in Mozambique" 6075: 6073: 6071: 6069: 5783:"Island levelled by British to be whole again" 5025: 5023: 5021: 4928:. Longmans, Green, Reader & Dyer. p. 2822:suddenly exploded at Iri station (present-day 2641:On 4 January 1966, an LPG spill occurred near 1904:. The air pressure from the explosion and the 1065:On the morning of 1 July 1916, a series of 19 7247:, New York: Simon & Schuster, p. 654 6667:Ulyanovsk, Russia: Massive oil tank explosion 6292:. DOD Explosives Safety Board. Archived from 4689:. Jones & Bartlett Learning. p. 408. 4685:National Fire Protection Association (2005). 4622:List of accidents and disasters by death toll 3060:initially reported 6 deaths and 57 injuries. 2576:awaiting detonation for Operation Sailor Hat. 95:) had been built by the Spanish on the River 8: 6566:"Weapons depot blasts kill 93 in Mozambique" 6391:"Long March Rocket Explodes – 長征火箭爆炸长征火箭爆炸" 5192:. 17 October 1907. p. 1. Archived from 3164:2005 Hertfordshire Oil Storage Terminal fire 2787:On 1 June 1974, a pipe failure at the Nypro 2710:N1 (rocket) § Second failure, serial 5L 1761:factory and much of the surrounding town of 1358:, exploded after a mixing motor in the main 1174: 697:On 19 February 1896, an explosives train at 5848: 5846: 5592:Hitler's U-boat War: The Hunters, 1939–1942 4112:was a planned test of 700 tons ANFO at the 3636:Conventional explosions for nuclear testing 3498:2016 San Pablito Market fireworks explosion 3492:2016 San Pablito Market fireworks explosion 2879:On 27 May 1983, an explosion at an illegal 2496:On 5 April 1958, an underwater mountain at 2430:, an underground bunker inside the hill of 1203: 561:In 1865 during the US Civil War, after the 6247:"Minor Scale Event, Test Execution Report" 5999:Armando Caicedo Garzón (4 December 1991). 4996:No Quarter: The Battle of the Crater, 1864 4126: 3652: 3264:Municipality, Albania (14 kilometres from 2974:) caught fire and set off explosions near 2718:in the USSR exploded on the launch pad of 2588:visible moving across the water and shock 2327:On 28 July 1947, the Norwegian cargo ship 1893:On 20 April 1944, the Dutch steam trawler 1153:were devastated by a TNT explosion at the 27:boiling liquid expanding vapour explosions 7170: 6082:United States Naval Institute Proceedings 5880: 3030:Intelsat 708 Long March 3B launch failure 2688:at a depth of 4,000 feet (1,200 m). 2647:boiling liquid expanding vapour explosion 2438:to store ammunition, but now filled with 1536:On 1 March 1939, Warehouse No. 15 of the 1478:exploded and flattened the small town of 1354:On 2 July 1918, a munitions factory near 759:On 15 October 1907, approximately 40,000 239:ammunition bunker inside was struck by a 6846:. WFAA-TV. 18 April 2013. Archived from 6736:. Centre Sismologique Euro-Méditerranéen 6409:"Firework Disaster Enschede 13 May 2000" 5050: 5048: 4664:. Nimbus Publishing. pp. 266, 292. 2478:On 7 August 1956, seven trucks from the 1069:of varying sizes was blown to start the 705:, loaded with between 56 and 60 tons of 7125:, 6 August 2020, accessed 6 August 2020 6221:"Fireworks suspect charged with deaths" 5985:. University of Michigan. p. 543. 5781:de Quetteville, Harry (11 April 2008). 5647:Fallout Forecasting — 1945 Through 1962 5644:Kennedy, Jr., William R. (March 1986), 4652: 4489:Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion 3839:Defence Research Establishment Suffield 3819:Defence Research Establishment Suffield 3600:and schools in the region are closed. 3333:Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion 3327:Evangelos Florakis Naval Base explosion 2360:cargo ship explosion in Magadan, Russia 1938:was attacked 30 miles (48 km) off 504:at 4:44 a.m. on 30 July 1864, the 7010:"Beirut explosion of ammonium nitrate" 6464: 6453: 6365:"Satellite Launches in the PRC: Loral" 6270: 6259: 5742:tr. Futamata tunnel explosion accident 5617:Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945 5329:Official website of the City of Pilsen 5253:"Ship Destroyed by Dynamite Explosion" 4617:High explosive nuclear effects testing 4394:0.50–1.12 kt (2.09–4.69 TJ) 3910:2 tests × 120 short tons (110 t) 3771:3 tests × 500 short tons (450 t) 3642:High explosive nuclear effects testing 3204:Sea Launch § NSS-8 launch failure 2728:energy release of 43 MJ/kg of kerosene 2426:On 15 July 1949 in the German town of 1490:On 10 February 1933, a gas storage in 1220:Mines in the Battle of Messines (1917) 1194:) was the biggest ammunition plant in 6918:Transportation Safety Board of Canada 6047:Preliminary Report Operation Blowdown 4893:"Deadliest Shot in American History?" 3550:, Lebanon. The explosion generated a 3349:, Cyprus, caused the explosion of 98 2799:vapour, which ignited. The resulting 2486:Ripple Rock, British Columbia, Canada 950:explodes during the Battle of Jutland 801:saw the fireball and remembering the 442:Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead 436:Great fire of Newcastle and Gateshead 365:On 27 July 1816, a fort built in the 7: 6111:"The second launch of the N1 rocket" 6097:"ROCKETS: Launchers: N1 Moon Rocket" 5374:Montgomery, Marc (6 December 2019). 5131:"Dynamite explosion in Braamfontein" 5031:"Mill Rock Island – Historical Sign" 4818:from the original on 7 November 2017 4561:0.28–0.33 kt (1.2–1.4 TJ) 3514:2020 Tarragona IQOXE plant explosion 3101:occurred at a fertilizer factory in 1318:Chilwell Munitions Factory Explosion 1077:. The largest single charge was the 805:, fled their houses and jumped into 62:National Fire Protection Association 6634:Kovaleva, Olga (19 November 2009). 6227:. The Spokesman-Review. 30 May 1983 5615:Rohwer, J.; Hummelchen, G. (1992). 4812:Fort Gadsden Historic Site, Florida 3365:region recorded the explosion as a 2901:On 7 January 1983, an explosion in 2310:largest single explosive detonation 1931:On 20 April 1944, the Liberty ship 1827:. Both the freighter and attacking 1570:exploded and sank while offloading 1442:1924 Nixon Nitration Works disaster 1085:with 60,000 lb (27 t) of 1049:Mines on the first day of the Somme 1043:Mines on the first day of the Somme 29:(BLEVEs), older explosives such as 6810:Crawford, Selwyn (17 April 2013). 6607:"Evacuation from Puerto Rico fire" 5353:. Nimbus Publishing. p. 288. 4756:Weintz, Steve (8 September 2015). 2631:Feyzin disaster, near Lyon, France 1784:On the night of 10 June 1942, the 1759:Produits Chimiques de Tessenderloo 1532:Hirakata ammunition dump explosion 763:of combustible powder exploded in 14: 7215:. Global Security. Archived from 7194:Pjotr Sauer (18 September 2024), 7028:Brumfiel, Geoff (5 August 2020). 6887:Loftis, Randy Lee (16 May 2013). 6572:. Associated Press. 25 March 2007 5558:Mariotti, Marco (29 April 2017). 5103:Jar Torre, Luis (November 2009). 5084:"El Machichaco explotó dos veces" 3546:exploded following a fire in the 3405:West Fertilizer Company explosion 3208:On 30 January 2007, a Sea Launch 2514:Canadian Broadcasting Corporation 2452:South Amboy powder pier explosion 2446:South Amboy powder pier explosion 2032:Cleveland East Ohio Gas explosion 2026:Cleveland East Ohio Gas explosion 1848:On 28 March 1943, in the port of 1836:were destroyed by the explosion. 1542:Hirakata, Osaka Prefecture, Japan 446:The 6 October 1854 great fire of 7302:Petroleum Science and Technology 7142:; Tyas, A. (22 September 2020). 7105:'The bags say "Nitroprill HD,"…' 6784:Mungin, Lateef (18 April 2013). 6411:. Stop fireworks. Archived from 6140:Sisemore, Clyde (19 July 1973). 5955:Foulkes, Imogen (30 July 2021). 4925:The History of India, Volume III 4575: 4535: 4494: 4447: 4408: 4372: 4332: 4286: 4249: 4208: 4156: 4050:1,410 short tons (1,280 t) 4033:2,725 short tons (2,472 t) 4016:2,440 short tons (2,210 t) 3999:2,445 short tons (2,218 t) 3982:4,685 short tons (4,250 t) 3963:4,744 short tons (4,304 t) 3399:Texas fertilizer plant explosion 3230:2007 Maputo arms depot explosion 3224:2007 Maputo arms depot explosion 2316:in 1985 was larger (see below). 2228:Trinity test § 100-ton test 2145:detonated the forward magazine. 1794:the 8,600-ton British freighter 1718:cameraman aboard the nearby HMS 1264:A view of the Halifax Explosion 1035:17-centimetre (6.7 in) gun 775:On 9 March 1911, the village of 625:tidal strait for the benefit of 539:. However, the siege continued. 99:. The Dutch launched four large 6862:"Magnitude 2.1 – Central Texas" 6482:Brooke, James (24 April 2004). 3674:Trinity (100-ton test on tower) 3427:United States Geological Survey 3383:On 11 March 2011 in Japan, the 3288:Caribbean Petroleum Corporation 3046:Xichang Satellite Launch Center 3040:On 14 February 1996, a Chinese 2934:Defense Threat Reduction Agency 2572:500 short tons (450 t) of 2516:live broadcast coast-to-coast. 2331:exploded in the French port of 2271:, loaded with about 2,300 tons 2133:Japanese aircraft carrier 1214:Mines in the Battle of Messines 68:with subsonic propagation or a 6001:"Clave 1956 Explosion En Cali" 5740:(in Japanese Knowledge (XXG)) 5325:"Traces of the Pilsen History" 5182:"Town Razed And Death Reveled" 5156:"The Destruction of USS Maine" 4998:New York: Random House, 2009. 4814:. ExploreSouthernHistory.com. 4318:1–2 kt (4.2–8.4 TJ) 4139:Primary explosive material(s) 3311:Ulyanovsk arms depot explosion 3305:Ulyanovsk arms depot explosion 2305:Guinness Book of World Records 2267:On 16 April 1947, the ship SS 1632:Harbour, Greece. Three German 1436:Nixon Nitration Works disaster 954:On 31 May 1916, three British 874:On 27 May 1915, the minelayer 837:was a Welsh freighter (out of 543:Fort Fisher Magazine explosion 466:Agios Ioannis Church Explosion 1: 7244:The Making of the Atomic Bomb 5479:. Serbia info. Archived from 4922:Marshman, John Clark (1867). 4897:Prospect Bluff Historic Sites 4734:Friel, Ian (12 August 2014). 4613:List of nuclear weapons tests 4501:Evangelos Florakis Naval Base 4474:(kerosene and liquid oxygen) 4044:Non Proliferation Experiment 3797:Suffield Experimental Station 3753:Suffield Experimental Station 3706:Suffield Experimental Station 3616:, tested in 2003 and used on 3483:2016 Salawa armoury explosion 3343:Evangelos Florakis Naval Base 3282:2009 Cataño oil refinery fire 3276:2009 Cataño oil refinery fire 3155:Texas City refinery explosion 3149:Texas City refinery explosion 2913:Minor Scale and Misty Picture 2614:CHASE 3 and 4, off New Jersey 1145:On 19 January 1917, parts of 172:guards and a large number of 72:with supersonic propagation. 6095:Zak, Anatoly (13 May 2013). 5717:Mercian Geologist 2001 15(2) 5509:(in Serbian). Archived from 5279:"Gedenkstätten in Quickborn" 5135:South African History Online 4454:Baikonur Cosmodrome Site 110 4327:DuPont Powder Mill explosion 4116:in 2006, but was cancelled. 4064:Other smaller tests include 3944:609 short tons (552 t) 3927:620 short tons (560 t) 3874:620 short tons (560 t) 3855:500 short tons (450 t) 3835:500 short tons (450 t) 3815:500 short tons (450 t) 3749:500 short tons (450 t) 2492:Ripple Rock § Explosion 2408:ammunition dump exploded at 1732:Smederevo Fortress explosion 1726:Smederevo Fortress explosion 1687:Battle of the Denmark Strait 1540:'s Kinya ammunition dump in 1057:Explosion of the mine under 619:U.S. Army Corps of Engineers 549:Second Battle of Fort Fisher 381:, and occupied by about 330 329:Fort York magazine explosion 313:forces commanded by Marshal 227:Parthenon § Destruction 221:Destruction of the Parthenon 6430:(proceedings), p. 1688 5539:(in Flemish). 29 April 2017 5417:Gabrielan, Randall (2012). 5105:"Un Desastre a la Española" 5055:Whitt, Toni (2 June 2006). 4838:"Fort Negro (Fort Gadsden)" 4600:0.25 kt (1.0 TJ) 4597:0.25 kt (1.0 TJ) 4524:0.48 kt (2.0 TJ) 4521:0.48 kt (2.0 TJ) 4483:0.65 kt (2.7 TJ) 4436:0.79 kt (3.3 TJ) 4339:Pleasant Prairie, Wisconsin 3702:100 short tons (91 t) 3687:White Sands Proving Grounds 3683:100 short tons (91 t) 3070:Enschede fireworks disaster 3064:Enschede fireworks disaster 2434:and used previously by the 1508:New London School explosion 1502:New London School explosion 1496:Territory of the Saar Basin 1190:in Bolevec, Pilsen (modern 1131:, and much of Jersey City. 587:, in the United States, an 180:. Great damage was caused. 138:in the South to the modern 7356: 7172:10.1007/s00193-020-00970-z 5762:(in German). 13 April 2007 5380:Radio Canada International 4687:User's Manual for NFPA 921 4564:0.3 kt (1.3 TJ) 4397:0.8 kt (3.3 TJ) 4361:1.1 kt (4.6 TJ) 4358:1.1 kt (4.6 TJ) 4321:1.5 kt (6.3 TJ) 4275:1.9 kt (7.9 TJ) 4036:White Sands Missile Range 4019:White Sands Missile Range 4002:White Sands Missile Range 3985:White Sands Missile Range 3966:White Sands Missile Range 3947:White Sands Missile Range 3930:White Sands Missile Range 3913:White Sands Missile Range 3793:20 short tons (18 t) 3724:50 short tons (45 t) 3639: 3614:Massive Ordnance Air Blast 3570: 3567:2024 Toropets Drone Strike 3535: 3517: 3495: 3468: 3439:Lac-Mégantic rail disaster 3436: 3433:Lac-Mégantic rail disaster 3402: 3376: 3330: 3308: 3279: 3249: 3227: 3201: 3167: 3152: 3134: 3116: 3090: 3067: 3033: 3019: 2993: 2955: 2916: 2894: 2872: 2841: 2811: 2780: 2707: 2656: 2634: 2595: 2545: 2523: 2489: 2471: 2449: 2419: 2342: 2290: 2283:in United States history. 2260: 2225: 2124:Japanese aircraft carrier 2109: 2029: 2001: 1987: 1957: 1886: 1865: 1816: 1729: 1563:On 13 September 1939, the 1505: 1486:Neunkirchen gas detonation 1439: 1417: 1370: 1347: 1321: 1253: 1217: 1138: 1100: 1046: 961:were destroyed by cordite 935: 897: 827: 724: 709:for the gold mines of the 682: 609:Removal of Hell Gate rocks 606: 576: 546: 489: 439: 417: 358: 332: 290: 268: 250: 231:On 26 September 1687, the 224: 205: 187: 153: 119: 84: 7213:"Nuclear Effects Testing" 6514:British Geological Survey 5674:. US Navy. Archived from 5109:Revista General de Marina 4950:Rewcastle, James (1855). 4784:www.theworldofchinese.com 4736:"The Age of Hell Burners" 3878:White Sands Missile Range 3573:Toropets depot explosions 3319:'s ammunition depot near 3220:satellite was destroyed. 3192:British Geological Survey 3050:flight termination system 2938:White Sands Missile Range 2936:) on 27 June 1985 at the 2875:Benton fireworks disaster 2869:Benton fireworks disaster 2287:Heligoland "British Bang" 2247:Soeda, Fukuoka Prefecture 2241:Futamata Tunnel Explosion 2209:Japanese battleship 2131:On 19 December 1944, the 1984:4 July disaster in Aarhus 1028:, which detonated one of 779:and neighbouring town of 579:Mobile magazine explosion 573:Mobile magazine explosion 516:Army of Northern Virginia 271:Leiden gunpowder disaster 265:Leiden gunpowder disaster 7110:, accessed 6 August 2020 6682: 6442:Barbier, Pascal (2003). 5242:, accessed 6 August 2020 5227:, accessed 6 August 2020 5212:, accessed 6 August 2020 4256:Port Chicago, California 4238:2 kt (8.4 TJ) 4235:2 kt (8.4 TJ) 4108:in the 1990s and 2000s. 4104:in 1994, and the series 3137:Seest fireworks disaster 3131:Seest fireworks disaster 3054:People's Liberation Army 2982:, between Henderson and 2676:CHASE 5, off Puget Sound 2468:Cali explosion, Colombia 2222:Trinity calibration test 2010:Port Chicago, California 1990:1944 explosion in Aarhus 1883:Bergen Harbour explosion 1458:Leeudoringstad explosion 1424:On 21 September 1921, a 528:South Carolina regiments 424:On 30 December 1848, in 16:List of large explosions 6933:Process Safety Progress 6203:"Seconds From Disaster" 6115:www.russianspaceweb.com 5913:"Ocean Liberty – Cedre" 5695:The Port Chicago Mutiny 4709:Oxford University Press 4530:2015 Tianjin explosions 4082:Mixed Company 1 & 2 3560:University of Sheffield 3524:On 14 January 2020, an 3471:2015 Tianjin explosions 3465:2015 Tianjin explosions 3452:, Canada, igniting the 3373:Cosmo Oil Refinery fire 2746:Old Reliable Mine Blast 2692:CHASE 6, off New Jersey 2542:CHASE 2, off New Jersey 2480:Colombian National Army 2462:South Amboy, New Jersey 2203:On 7 April 1945, after 1176:Explosivstoffwerk Thorn 1117:Jersey City, New Jersey 1014:German pre-dreadnought 999:. An armoured cruiser, 849:, near the entrance to 648:On 3 November 1893, in 641:Explosion of steamship 397:'s navy as part of the 301:, Portugal, during the 293:Siege of Almeida (1810) 150:Great Torrington, Devon 140:West Chang'an Boulevard 122:Wanggongchang Explosion 116:Wanggongchang Explosion 6997:, Reuters, 5 June 2016 6596:, 19 April 2008, p. 5. 6463:Cite journal requires 6316:"The PEPCON Explosion" 6269:Cite journal requires 5882:10.1098/rsta.1949.0007 5537:Het Belang van Limburg 4867:Horne, Gerald (2012). 3896:Planet Ranch, Arizona 3887:Misers Bluff Phase II 3454:Bakken light crude oil 3323:, killing ten people. 3252:2008 Gërdec explosions 3246:2008 Gërdec explosions 3097:On 21 September 2001, 2996:Arzamas train disaster 2990:Arzamas train disaster 2930:Defense Nuclear Agency 2593: 2577: 2401: 2275:, exploded in port at 2200: 2056: 2036:On 20 October 1944, a 1928: 1862:Bombay Docks explosion 1786:German submarine 1709:German submarine 1663:fighter plane for the 1538:Imperial Japanese Army 1450:, used for processing 1410: 1273: 1204: 1175: 1062: 1059:Hawthorn Ridge Redoubt 951: 845:. It was anchored off 694: 685:Braamfontein Explosion 679:Braamfontein explosion 613:On 10 October 1885 in 558: 297:On 26 August 1810, in 6716:Tragic Mistakes Made? 6025:. The History Channel 5853:Willmore, PL (1949). 5678:on 19 September 2000. 5621:Naval Institute Press 5303:. Berg. p. 115. 4632:SS Richard Montgomery 4367:2020 Beirut explosion 4244:Port Chicago disaster 3538:2020 Beirut explosion 3532:2020 Beirut explosion 3377:Further information: 3202:Further information: 3091:Further information: 2897:1983 Newark explosion 2891:1983 Newark explosion 2844:Los Alfaques disaster 2838:Los Alfaques disaster 2814:Iri station explosion 2808:Iri station explosion 2583: 2571: 2399: 2195: 2084:Australian New Guinea 2067:On 10 November 1944, 2051:The explosion of USS 2050: 2038:liquefied natural gas 2004:Port Chicago disaster 1998:Port Chicago disaster 1922: 1889:1944 Bergen explosion 1868:1944 Bombay explosion 1700:On 25 November 1941, 1659:, who was piloting a 1586:Hercules Powder Plant 1408: 1263: 1056: 945: 898:Further information: 799:Lake County, Illinois 785:black blasting powder 692: 631:Princeton, New Jersey 556: 490:Further information: 430:Second Anglo-Sikh war 359:Further information: 333:Further information: 225:Further information: 154:Further information: 6711:Έγιναν τραγικά λάθη; 6337:Routley, J. Gordon, 5513:on 29 September 2006 5483:on 26 September 2006 5444:China Monthly Review 5299:Ute, Daniel (1997). 5225:www.gendisasters.com 5210:prev.dailyherald.com 5186:The Athens Messenger 4593:Ammonium perchlorate 4163:Halifax, Nova Scotia 3802:1966–1967 (6 tests) 3662:Amount of explosive 3317:Caspian Sea Flotilla 3299:Bayamón, Puerto Rico 3176:Buncefield oil depot 3123:A train exploded in 3087:AZF chemical factory 2964:ammonium perchlorate 2783:Flixborough disaster 2777:Flixborough disaster 2598:Operation Sailor Hat 2564:Operation Sailor Hat 2404:In December 1947, a 2392:Mitholz, Switzerland 2185:Japanese battleship 2008:On 17 July 1944, in 1753:Tessenderlo Disaster 1565:French cruiser 1512:On 18 March 1937, a 1350:Split Rock, New York 1344:Split Rock explosion 1296:Halifax, Nova Scotia 1276:On 6 December 1917, 1141:Silvertown explosion 1135:Silvertown explosion 1113:Johnson Barge No. 17 967:Imperial German Navy 830:Alum Chine explosion 749:Spanish–American War 603:Flood Rock explosion 533:Battle of the Crater 520:Petersburg, Virginia 492:Battle of the Crater 379:Spanish West Florida 355:Battle of Negro Fort 208:Siege of Buda (1686) 162:Battle of Torrington 156:Battle of Torrington 7163:2020ShWav..30..671R 6973:. 12 September 2015 6893:Dallas Morning News 6817:Dallas Morning News 6209:, Discovery Channel 6023:This Day in History 5873:1949RSPTA.242..123W 5821:1947Natur.160..350W 5162:on 18 December 2020 4705:Oxford Dictionaries 4442:N1 launch explosion 4403:Texas City disaster 4203:RAF Fauld explosion 3790:Propane or methane 3622:Father of All Bombs 3214:exploded on takeoff 2720:Baikonur Cosmodrome 2714:On 3 July 1969, an 2704:N1 launch explosion 2623:16 September 1965, 2281:industrial accident 2263:Texas City disaster 2257:Texas City Disaster 2205:six hours of battle 2196:The destruction of 2112:RAF Fauld explosion 2106:RAF Fauld explosion 1765:in German-occupied 1600:Roxbury, New Jersey 1268:, most likely from 1202:to write the novel 1169:Quickborn explosion 1103:Black Tom explosion 1097:Black Tom explosion 1071:Battle of the Somme 894:Faversham explosion 855:Baltimore, Maryland 583:On 25 May 1865, in 509:Army of the Potomac 496:Siege of Petersburg 51:thermobaric weapons 7259:Bainbridge, K.T., 6593:The New York Times 5565:Het Laatste Nieuws 5092:. 31 October 2013. 5089:El Diario Montañés 5062:The New York Times 4994:Slotkin, Richard. 4142:Approximate yield 4058:22 September 1993 3933:16 September 1981 3841:, Alberta, Canada 3821:, Alberta, Canada 3799:, Alberta, Canada 3755:, Alberta, Canada 3708:, Alberta, Canada 3367:M3.0 seismic event 3198:Sea Launch failure 3119:Ryongchon disaster 3113:Ryongchon disaster 3107:Operation Blowdown 3058:Xinhua News Agency 3022:Ufa train disaster 3016:Ufa train disaster 2944:(4,304 t) of 2903:Newark, New Jersey 2801:fuel-air explosion 2764:acid mine drainage 2594: 2590:condensation cloud 2578: 2526:Operation Blowdown 2520:Operation Blowdown 2402: 2293:Operation Big Bang 2201: 2094:ship were killed. 2057: 1970:amphibious vessels 1960:West Loch disaster 1954:West Loch disaster 1929: 1872:On 14 April 1944, 1852:, a fire began on 1742:Smederevo Fortress 1411: 1356:Syracuse, New York 1274: 1119:, a major dock in 1063: 952: 815:Madison, Wisconsin 695: 593:American Civil War 559: 403:red-hot cannonball 399:First Seminole War 393:, was attacked by 281:Kingdom of Holland 178:Sir Thomas Fairfax 93:Alessandro Farnese 76:Before World War I 7219:on 7 January 2009 6945:10.1002/prs.11789 6850:on 21 April 2013. 6615:. 24 October 2009 6450:on 3 August 2020. 6183:on 23 August 2014 5704:978-1-56743-010-3 5630:978-1-55750-105-9 5601:978-0-394-58839-1 5428:978-1-60949-517-6 5257:Popular Mechanics 5033:. nycgovparks.org 4638:that sank in the 4604: 4603: 4582:Henderson, Nevada 4472:Rocket propellant 4415:Texas City, Texas 4302:21 September 1921 4221:, United Kingdom 4151:Halifax Explosion 4098:Pre-Direct Course 4094:Pre Dice Throw II 4062: 4061: 3861:20 November 1972 3630:Halifax explosion 3588:weapons depot in 3385:Tōhoku earthquake 3379:Cosmo Oil Company 2976:Henderson, Nevada 2932:(now part of the 2885:Benton, Tennessee 2863:Murdock, Illinois 2696:On 28 July 1966, 2625:Santiago Iglesias 2618:On 14 July 1965, 2604:Kaho'olawe Island 2592:visible overhead. 2277:Texas City, Texas 2179:kamikaze aircraft 1621:On 6 April 1941, 1448:Nixon, New Jersey 1266:pyrocumulus cloud 1256:Halifax Explosion 1250:Halifax explosion 1129:Statue of Liberty 1107:On 30 July 1916, 997:Rear Admiral Hood 938:Battle of Jutland 932:Battle of Jutland 765:Fontanet, Indiana 755:Fontanet, Indiana 707:blasting gelatine 319:Brigadier General 253:Brescia explosion 247:Brescia Explosion 166:English Civil War 7347: 7319: 7312: 7306: 7298: 7292: 7284: 7278: 7276: 7275: 7273: 7267: 7256: 7250: 7248: 7235: 7229: 7228: 7226: 7224: 7209: 7203: 7202: 7191: 7185: 7184: 7174: 7148: 7135: 7126: 7117: 7111: 7102: 7096: 7095: 7093: 7091: 7077: 7071: 7070: 7068: 7066: 7051: 7045: 7044: 7042: 7040: 7025: 7019: 7017: 7006: 7000: 6998: 6994:US: Ceylon blast 6989: 6983: 6982: 6980: 6978: 6963: 6957: 6956: 6928: 6922: 6921: 6910: 6904: 6903: 6901: 6899: 6884: 6878: 6877: 6875: 6873: 6868:on 19 April 2013 6858: 6852: 6851: 6840: 6834: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6824:on 10 March 2016 6820:. Archived from 6807: 6801: 6800: 6798: 6796: 6781: 6775: 6768:Reuters AlertNet 6764: 6758: 6755: 6746: 6745: 6743: 6741: 6730: 6724: 6723: 6722:on 19 March 2012 6706: 6700: 6699: 6697: 6695: 6678: 6672: 6671: 6662: 6656: 6655: 6653: 6651: 6631: 6625: 6624: 6622: 6620: 6603: 6597: 6588: 6582: 6581: 6579: 6577: 6562: 6556: 6555: 6553: 6551: 6544:Associated Press 6532: 6526: 6525: 6523: 6521: 6505: 6499: 6498: 6496: 6494: 6479: 6473: 6472: 6466: 6461: 6459: 6451: 6439: 6433: 6431: 6423: 6417: 6416: 6405: 6399: 6398: 6397:, 18 August 2007 6387: 6381: 6380: 6378: 6376: 6361: 6355: 6354: 6353: 6351: 6345: 6334: 6328: 6327: 6325: 6323: 6312: 6306: 6305: 6303: 6301: 6285: 6279: 6278: 6272: 6267: 6265: 6257: 6255: 6243: 6237: 6236: 6234: 6232: 6217: 6211: 6210: 6199: 6193: 6192: 6190: 6188: 6182: 6175: 6167: 6161: 6160: 6146: 6137: 6131: 6130: 6128: 6126: 6117:. Archived from 6107: 6101: 6100: 6092: 6086: 6085: 6077: 6064: 6063: 6061: 6059: 6050:. Archived from 6041: 6035: 6034: 6032: 6030: 6015: 6009: 6008: 5996: 5990: 5989: 5978: 5972: 5971: 5969: 5967: 5952: 5946: 5945: 5943: 5941: 5930: 5924: 5923: 5921: 5919: 5909: 5903: 5902: 5884: 5867:(843): 123–151. 5850: 5841: 5840: 5829:10.1038/160350a0 5815:(4063): 350–51. 5804: 5798: 5797: 5795: 5793: 5778: 5772: 5771: 5769: 5767: 5750: 5744: 5735: 5729: 5724: 5718: 5715: 5709: 5708: 5691:Allen, Robert L. 5687: 5681: 5679: 5668: 5662: 5661: 5660: 5658: 5652: 5641: 5635: 5634: 5612: 5606: 5605: 5594:. Random House. 5584: 5578: 5577: 5575: 5573: 5555: 5549: 5548: 5546: 5544: 5529: 5523: 5522: 5520: 5518: 5499: 5493: 5492: 5490: 5488: 5473: 5467: 5466: 5458: 5452: 5451: 5440: 5434: 5432: 5414: 5408: 5407: 5397: 5391: 5390: 5388: 5386: 5371: 5365: 5364: 5346: 5340: 5339: 5337: 5335: 5321: 5315: 5314: 5296: 5290: 5289: 5287: 5285: 5275: 5269: 5268: 5266: 5264: 5249: 5243: 5234: 5228: 5219: 5213: 5204: 5198: 5197: 5178: 5172: 5171: 5169: 5167: 5152: 5146: 5145: 5143: 5141: 5127: 5121: 5120: 5118: 5116: 5100: 5094: 5093: 5080: 5074: 5073: 5071: 5069: 5052: 5043: 5042: 5040: 5038: 5027: 5016: 5013: 5007: 4992: 4986: 4983: 4977: 4971: 4965: 4964: 4962: 4960: 4947: 4941: 4940: 4938: 4936: 4919: 4913: 4912: 4910: 4908: 4899:. Archived from 4889: 4883: 4882: 4864: 4858: 4857: 4855: 4853: 4844:. Archived from 4842:BlackHistory.com 4834: 4828: 4827: 4825: 4823: 4804: 4795: 4794: 4792: 4790: 4776: 4770: 4769: 4767: 4765: 4753: 4747: 4746: 4744: 4742: 4731: 4725: 4724: 4722: 4720: 4711:. Archived from 4697: 4691: 4690: 4682: 4676: 4675: 4671:978-1-55109095-5 4657: 4589: 4584:, United States 4580: 4579: 4578: 4553:Ammonium nitrate 4549: 4540: 4539: 4538: 4508: 4499: 4498: 4497: 4480: 4468: 4452: 4451: 4450: 4433: 4426:Ammonium nitrate 4422: 4417:, United States 4413: 4412: 4411: 4390:Ammonium nitrate 4386: 4377: 4376: 4375: 4346: 4341:, United States 4337: 4336: 4335: 4311:ammonium nitrate 4307:Ammonium sulfate 4303: 4291: 4290: 4289: 4263: 4258:, United States 4254: 4253: 4252: 4226: 4225:27 November 1944 4213: 4212: 4211: 4170: 4161: 4160: 4159: 4127: 4114:Nevada Test Site 4084:of 20 tons TNT, 4054:Nevada Test Site 3950:26 October 1983 3849:Mixed Company 3 3653: 3544:ammonium nitrate 3393:Chiba Prefecture 3351:cargo containers 2752:Mammoth, Arizona 2680:On 23 May 1966, 2502:British Columbia 2382:Russian Far East 2368:exploded in the 2323:in Brest, France 2273:ammonium nitrate 2092: 2040:storage tank in 2019:African American 1771:ammonium nitrate 1707:was sunk by the 1678:On 24 May 1941, 1661:Hawker Hurricane 1592:Hercules Company 1514:natural gas leak 1452:ammonium nitrate 1391:Middlesex County 1290:collided in the 1227: 1209: 1183:Pilsen explosion 1178: 1115:, to explode in 1091:Lochnagar Crater 1034: 851:Baltimore Harbor 777:Pleasant Prairie 727:USS Maine (1889) 662:from Galdácano, 652:, the steamship 650:Santander, Spain 408:Edmund P. Gaines 287:Siege of Almeida 215:Franciscan friar 7355: 7354: 7350: 7349: 7348: 7346: 7345: 7344: 7325: 7324: 7323: 7322: 7313: 7309: 7299: 7295: 7285: 7281: 7271: 7269: 7265: 7258: 7257: 7253: 7239:Rhodes, Richard 7237: 7236: 7232: 7222: 7220: 7211: 7210: 7206: 7193: 7192: 7188: 7146: 7137: 7136: 7129: 7118: 7114: 7103: 7099: 7089: 7087: 7079: 7078: 7074: 7064: 7062: 7053: 7052: 7048: 7038: 7036: 7027: 7026: 7022: 7016:, 4 August 2020 7014:Washington post 7008: 7007: 7003: 6991: 6990: 6986: 6976: 6974: 6965: 6964: 6960: 6930: 6929: 6925: 6912: 6911: 6907: 6897: 6895: 6886: 6885: 6881: 6871: 6869: 6860: 6859: 6855: 6842: 6841: 6837: 6827: 6825: 6809: 6808: 6804: 6794: 6792: 6783: 6782: 6778: 6772:Thomson Reuters 6765: 6761: 6756: 6749: 6739: 6737: 6732: 6731: 6727: 6708: 6707: 6703: 6693: 6691: 6690:on 15 July 2011 6684: 6680: 6679: 6675: 6664: 6663: 6659: 6649: 6647: 6633: 6632: 6628: 6618: 6616: 6605: 6604: 6600: 6589: 6585: 6575: 6573: 6564: 6563: 6559: 6549: 6547: 6546:. 23 March 2007 6534: 6533: 6529: 6519: 6517: 6507: 6506: 6502: 6492: 6490: 6481: 6480: 6476: 6462: 6452: 6441: 6440: 6436: 6425: 6424: 6420: 6415:on 14 May 2010. 6407: 6406: 6402: 6389: 6388: 6384: 6374: 6372: 6363: 6362: 6358: 6349: 6347: 6343: 6336: 6335: 6331: 6321: 6319: 6314: 6313: 6309: 6299: 6297: 6287: 6286: 6282: 6268: 6258: 6256:on 22 May 2011. 6253: 6245: 6244: 6240: 6230: 6228: 6225:news.google.com 6219: 6218: 6214: 6201: 6200: 6196: 6186: 6184: 6180: 6173: 6169: 6168: 6164: 6157:10.2172/4455827 6144: 6139: 6138: 6134: 6124: 6122: 6109: 6108: 6104: 6094: 6093: 6089: 6079: 6078: 6067: 6057: 6055: 6043: 6042: 6038: 6028: 6026: 6017: 6016: 6012: 5998: 5997: 5993: 5980: 5979: 5975: 5965: 5963: 5954: 5953: 5949: 5939: 5937: 5932: 5931: 5927: 5917: 5915: 5911: 5910: 5906: 5852: 5851: 5844: 5806: 5805: 5801: 5791: 5789: 5780: 5779: 5775: 5765: 5763: 5752: 5751: 5747: 5736: 5732: 5725: 5721: 5716: 5712: 5705: 5689: 5688: 5684: 5670: 5669: 5665: 5656: 5654: 5650: 5643: 5642: 5638: 5631: 5614: 5613: 5609: 5602: 5586: 5585: 5581: 5571: 5569: 5557: 5556: 5552: 5542: 5540: 5531: 5530: 5526: 5516: 5514: 5501: 5500: 5496: 5486: 5484: 5475: 5474: 5470: 5460: 5459: 5455: 5442: 5441: 5437: 5429: 5416: 5415: 5411: 5403:The Star-Ledger 5399: 5398: 5394: 5384: 5382: 5373: 5372: 5368: 5361: 5348: 5347: 5343: 5333: 5331: 5323: 5322: 5318: 5311: 5298: 5297: 5293: 5283: 5281: 5277: 5276: 5272: 5262: 5260: 5259:: 656. May 1913 5251: 5250: 5246: 5235: 5231: 5220: 5216: 5205: 5201: 5196:on 13 May 2013. 5180: 5179: 5175: 5165: 5163: 5154: 5153: 5149: 5139: 5137: 5129: 5128: 5124: 5114: 5112: 5102: 5101: 5097: 5082: 5081: 5077: 5067: 5065: 5054: 5053: 5046: 5036: 5034: 5029: 5028: 5019: 5014: 5010: 4993: 4989: 4984: 4980: 4972: 4968: 4958: 4956: 4949: 4948: 4944: 4934: 4932: 4921: 4920: 4916: 4906: 4904: 4903:on 26 June 2018 4891: 4890: 4886: 4879: 4866: 4865: 4861: 4851: 4849: 4848:on 5 April 2019 4836: 4835: 4831: 4821: 4819: 4806: 4805: 4798: 4788: 4786: 4778: 4777: 4773: 4763: 4761: 4760:. War Is Boring 4755: 4754: 4750: 4740: 4738: 4733: 4732: 4728: 4718: 4716: 4715:on 5 April 2013 4699: 4698: 4694: 4684: 4683: 4679: 4672: 4659: 4658: 4654: 4649: 4609: 4587: 4576: 4574: 4570:PEPCON disaster 4547: 4542:Port of Tianjin 4536: 4534: 4517:high explosives 4506: 4495: 4493: 4478: 4466: 4448: 4446: 4431: 4420: 4409: 4407: 4384: 4373: 4371: 4344: 4333: 4331: 4301: 4287: 4285: 4281:Oppau explosion 4261: 4250: 4248: 4224: 4209: 4207: 4174:High explosives 4169:6 December 1917 4168: 4157: 4155: 4122: 4086:Middle Gust I-V 3904:Distant Runner 3882:6 October 1976 3659:Explosive used 3648:nuclear testing 3644: 3638: 3606: 3575: 3569: 3540: 3534: 3522: 3516: 3500: 3494: 3485: 3473: 3467: 3441: 3435: 3407: 3401: 3381: 3375: 3335: 3329: 3313: 3307: 3284: 3278: 3254: 3248: 3232: 3226: 3206: 3200: 3188:Buckinghamshire 3180:Hemel Hempstead 3172: 3170:Buncefield fire 3166: 3157: 3151: 3139: 3133: 3121: 3115: 3095: 3089: 3084: 3072: 3066: 3038: 3032: 3024: 3018: 2998: 2992: 2973: 2969: 2960: 2958:PEPCON disaster 2954: 2952:PEPCON disaster 2925: 2917:Main articles: 2915: 2899: 2893: 2877: 2871: 2859: 2846: 2840: 2816: 2810: 2785: 2779: 2748: 2712: 2706: 2694: 2682:Izaac Van Zandt 2678: 2661: 2655: 2639: 2637:Feyzin disaster 2633: 2620:Coastal Mariner 2616: 2600: 2574:high explosives 2566: 2550: 2548:Operation CHASE 2544: 2528: 2522: 2494: 2488: 2476: 2470: 2454: 2448: 2424: 2418: 2394: 2366:General Vatutin 2362: 2358:General Vatutin 2347: 2345:Cádiz Explosion 2341: 2339:Cádiz Explosion 2325: 2295: 2289: 2265: 2259: 2243: 2238: 2230: 2224: 2190: 2154: 2129: 2114: 2108: 2090: 2076:Seeadler Harbor 2065: 2034: 2028: 2006: 2000: 1992: 1986: 1968:destroyed nine 1962: 1956: 1917: 1891: 1885: 1870: 1864: 1846: 1821: 1815: 1782: 1755: 1734: 1728: 1698: 1676: 1665:Royal Air Force 1619: 1588: 1561: 1554: 1534: 1510: 1504: 1488: 1460: 1444: 1438: 1422: 1420:Oppau explosion 1416: 1414:Oppau explosion 1403: 1401:Interwar period 1375: 1369: 1352: 1346: 1326: 1320: 1308:kilotons of TNT 1258: 1252: 1225: 1222: 1216: 1196:Austria-Hungary 1185: 1171: 1143: 1137: 1127:, parts of the 1121:New York Harbor 1105: 1099: 1051: 1045: 1032: 971:High Seas Fleet 940: 934: 926:Southend-on-Sea 902: 896: 872: 863: 832: 826: 794:Elgin, Illinois 773: 757: 729: 723: 687: 681: 668:Cabo Machichaco 655:Cabo Machichaco 646: 643:Cabo Machichaco 611: 605: 585:Mobile, Alabama 581: 575: 551: 545: 498: 488: 468: 444: 438: 422: 420:Siege of Multan 416: 414:Siege of Multan 363: 357: 343:, Ontario (now 337: 331: 307:Napoleonic Wars 295: 289: 273: 267: 255: 249: 229: 223: 210: 204: 192: 190:Delft Explosion 186: 184:Delft Explosion 174:Parliamentarian 158: 152: 124: 118: 89: 87:Fall of Antwerp 83: 81:Fall of Antwerp 78: 23:high explosives 17: 12: 11: 5: 7353: 7351: 7343: 7342: 7337: 7327: 7326: 7321: 7320: 7307: 7293: 7279: 7251: 7230: 7204: 7186: 7127: 7112: 7097: 7072: 7046: 7020: 7001: 6984: 6958: 6939:(4): 313–314. 6923: 6920:. 10 May 2019. 6905: 6879: 6853: 6835: 6802: 6776: 6759: 6747: 6725: 6701: 6673: 6657: 6646:on 13 May 2013 6626: 6598: 6583: 6557: 6527: 6500: 6488:New York Times 6474: 6465:|journal= 6434: 6418: 6400: 6382: 6356: 6329: 6307: 6296:on 14 May 2008 6280: 6271:|journal= 6238: 6212: 6194: 6162: 6132: 6121:on 1 June 2016 6102: 6087: 6065: 6036: 6010: 5991: 5973: 5947: 5925: 5904: 5842: 5799: 5773: 5759:Spiegel Online 5745: 5730: 5719: 5710: 5703: 5682: 5663: 5636: 5629: 5607: 5600: 5579: 5550: 5524: 5494: 5468: 5453: 5435: 5427: 5409: 5392: 5366: 5360:978-1551090955 5359: 5341: 5316: 5310:978-0854968923 5309: 5291: 5270: 5244: 5229: 5214: 5199: 5173: 5147: 5122: 5095: 5075: 5044: 5017: 5008: 4987: 4978: 4966: 4942: 4914: 4884: 4878:978-1479876396 4877: 4859: 4829: 4796: 4771: 4748: 4726: 4692: 4677: 4670: 4651: 4650: 4648: 4645: 4644: 4643: 4640:Thames Estuary 4629: 4624: 4619: 4608: 4605: 4602: 4601: 4598: 4595: 4590: 4585: 4572: 4566: 4565: 4562: 4559: 4557:nitrocellulose 4550: 4548:12 August 2015 4545: 4532: 4526: 4525: 4522: 4519: 4509: 4504: 4491: 4485: 4484: 4481: 4475: 4469: 4464: 4444: 4438: 4437: 4434: 4428: 4423: 4418: 4405: 4399: 4398: 4395: 4392: 4387: 4382: 4369: 4363: 4362: 4359: 4356: 4347: 4342: 4329: 4323: 4322: 4319: 4316: 4304: 4299: 4283: 4277: 4276: 4273: 4270: 4264: 4259: 4246: 4240: 4239: 4236: 4233: 4227: 4222: 4205: 4199: 4198: 4187: 4176: 4171: 4166: 4153: 4147: 4146: 4143: 4140: 4137: 4134: 4131: 4121: 4118: 4090:Pre Dice Throw 4080:in 1970–1974, 4074:Pre Mine Throw 4070:Flat Top I-III 4060: 4059: 4056: 4051: 4048: 4045: 4041: 4040: 4037: 4034: 4031: 4028: 4024: 4023: 4020: 4017: 4014: 4011: 4010:Distant Image 4007: 4006: 4003: 4000: 3997: 3994: 3990: 3989: 3986: 3983: 3980: 3977: 3971: 3970: 3967: 3964: 3961: 3958: 3952: 3951: 3948: 3945: 3942: 3939: 3938:Direct Course 3935: 3934: 3931: 3928: 3925: 3922: 3918: 3917: 3914: 3911: 3908: 3905: 3901: 3900: 3897: 3894: 3891: 3888: 3884: 3883: 3880: 3875: 3872: 3867: 3863: 3862: 3859: 3856: 3853: 3850: 3846: 3845: 3842: 3836: 3833: 3830: 3826: 3825: 3822: 3816: 3813: 3810: 3804: 3803: 3800: 3794: 3791: 3788: 3782: 3781: 3778: 3772: 3769: 3766: 3760: 3759: 3756: 3750: 3747: 3744: 3738: 3737: 3734: 3728:Lockhart River 3725: 3722: 3719: 3713: 3712: 3711:3 August 1961 3709: 3703: 3700: 3697: 3693: 3692: 3689: 3684: 3681: 3676: 3670: 3669: 3666: 3663: 3660: 3657: 3640:Main article: 3637: 3634: 3626:Composition H6 3612:(standing for 3605: 3602: 3571:Main article: 3568: 3565: 3556:TNT equivalent 3548:Port of Beirut 3536:Main article: 3533: 3530: 3526:ethylene oxide 3518:Main article: 3515: 3512: 3496:Main article: 3493: 3490: 3484: 3481: 3469:Main article: 3466: 3463: 3437:Main article: 3434: 3431: 3403:Main article: 3400: 3397: 3374: 3371: 3339:munitions dump 3331:Main article: 3328: 3325: 3309:Main article: 3306: 3303: 3280:Main article: 3277: 3274: 3250:Main article: 3247: 3244: 3228:Main article: 3225: 3222: 3199: 3196: 3168:Main article: 3165: 3162: 3153:Main article: 3150: 3147: 3135:Main article: 3132: 3129: 3117:Main article: 3114: 3111: 3088: 3085: 3083: 3080: 3068:Main article: 3065: 3062: 3034:Main article: 3031: 3028: 3020:Main article: 3017: 3014: 2994:Main article: 2991: 2988: 2980:Black Mountain 2971: 2967: 2956:Main article: 2953: 2950: 2914: 2911: 2895:Main article: 2892: 2889: 2873:Main article: 2870: 2867: 2858: 2857:Murdock BLEVEs 2855: 2842:Main article: 2839: 2836: 2812:Main article: 2809: 2806: 2789:chemical plant 2781:Main article: 2778: 2775: 2747: 2744: 2736:TNT equivalent 2732:TNT equivalent 2708:Main article: 2705: 2702: 2698:Horace Greeley 2693: 2690: 2677: 2674: 2657:Main article: 2654: 2651: 2635:Main article: 2632: 2629: 2615: 2612: 2596:Main article: 2565: 2562: 2546:Main article: 2543: 2540: 2524:Main article: 2521: 2518: 2490:Main article: 2487: 2484: 2474:Cali explosion 2472:Main article: 2469: 2466: 2450:Main article: 2447: 2444: 2422:Prüm explosion 2420:Main article: 2417: 2416:Prüm explosion 2414: 2393: 2390: 2361: 2355: 2343:Main article: 2340: 2337: 2324: 2318: 2291:Main article: 2288: 2285: 2261:Main article: 2258: 2255: 2242: 2239: 2237: 2234: 2226:Main article: 2223: 2220: 2189: 2183: 2153: 2147: 2128: 2122: 2110:Main article: 2107: 2104: 2064: 2058: 2030:Main article: 2027: 2024: 2002:Main article: 1999: 1996: 1988:Main article: 1985: 1982: 1958:Main article: 1955: 1952: 1916: 1910: 1887:Main article: 1884: 1881: 1866:Main article: 1863: 1860: 1855:Caterina Costa 1845: 1842:Caterina Costa 1838: 1817:Main article: 1814: 1808: 1781: 1775: 1754: 1751: 1730:Main article: 1727: 1724: 1697: 1691: 1675: 1669: 1628:was moored in 1618: 1612: 1587: 1584: 1580:French Morocco 1560: 1555: 1553: 1550: 1533: 1530: 1506:Main article: 1503: 1500: 1487: 1484: 1480:Leeudoringstad 1459: 1456: 1440:Main article: 1437: 1434: 1418:Main article: 1415: 1412: 1402: 1399: 1371:Main article: 1368: 1365: 1348:Main article: 1345: 1342: 1322:Main article: 1319: 1316: 1254:Main article: 1251: 1248: 1218:Main article: 1215: 1212: 1184: 1181: 1170: 1167: 1139:Main article: 1136: 1133: 1101:Main article: 1098: 1095: 1079:Lochnagar mine 1047:Main article: 1044: 1041: 959:battlecruisers 936:Main article: 933: 930: 922:Great Yarmouth 914:Thames estuary 895: 892: 878:Princess Irene 871: 868:Princess Irene 864: 862: 859: 828:Main article: 825: 819: 772: 769: 756: 753: 725:Main article: 722: 716: 683:Main article: 680: 677: 664:Basque Country 645: 639: 607:Main article: 604: 601: 597:Federal troops 589:ordnance depot 577:Main article: 574: 571: 544: 541: 511:besieging the 487: 484: 472:Ottoman Empire 467: 464: 456:bond warehouse 440:Main article: 437: 434: 418:Main article: 415: 412: 395:Andrew Jackson 375:Prospect Bluff 356: 353: 335:Battle of York 330: 327: 303:Peninsular War 291:Main article: 288: 285: 269:Main article: 266: 263: 251:Main article: 248: 245: 222: 219: 206:Main article: 203: 200: 188:Main article: 185: 182: 151: 148: 136:Xuanwumen Gate 120:Main article: 117: 114: 85:Main article: 82: 79: 77: 74: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 7352: 7341: 7340:Lists by size 7338: 7336: 7333: 7332: 7330: 7318: 7317: 7311: 7308: 7304: 7303: 7297: 7294: 7290: 7289: 7288:Half American 7283: 7280: 7264: 7263: 7255: 7252: 7246: 7245: 7240: 7234: 7231: 7218: 7214: 7208: 7205: 7201: 7197: 7190: 7187: 7182: 7178: 7173: 7168: 7164: 7160: 7157:(6): 671–75. 7156: 7152: 7145: 7141: 7140:Langdon, G.S. 7134: 7132: 7128: 7124: 7121: 7116: 7113: 7109: 7106: 7101: 7098: 7086: 7082: 7076: 7073: 7061: 7057: 7050: 7047: 7035: 7031: 7024: 7021: 7015: 7011: 7005: 7002: 6996: 6995: 6988: 6985: 6972: 6968: 6962: 6959: 6954: 6950: 6946: 6942: 6938: 6934: 6927: 6924: 6919: 6915: 6909: 6906: 6894: 6890: 6883: 6880: 6867: 6863: 6857: 6854: 6849: 6845: 6839: 6836: 6823: 6819: 6818: 6813: 6806: 6803: 6791: 6787: 6780: 6777: 6773: 6769: 6763: 6760: 6754: 6752: 6748: 6735: 6729: 6726: 6721: 6717: 6713: 6712: 6705: 6702: 6689: 6685: 6677: 6674: 6669: 6668: 6661: 6658: 6645: 6641: 6640:UNVA Magazine 6637: 6630: 6627: 6614: 6613: 6608: 6602: 6599: 6595: 6594: 6587: 6584: 6571: 6567: 6561: 6558: 6545: 6541: 6537: 6531: 6528: 6516: 6515: 6510: 6504: 6501: 6489: 6485: 6478: 6475: 6470: 6457: 6449: 6445: 6438: 6435: 6429: 6422: 6419: 6414: 6410: 6404: 6401: 6396: 6392: 6386: 6383: 6370: 6366: 6360: 6357: 6342: 6341: 6333: 6330: 6317: 6311: 6308: 6295: 6291: 6284: 6281: 6276: 6263: 6252: 6248: 6242: 6239: 6226: 6222: 6216: 6213: 6208: 6204: 6198: 6195: 6179: 6172: 6166: 6163: 6158: 6154: 6150: 6143: 6136: 6133: 6120: 6116: 6112: 6106: 6103: 6098: 6091: 6088: 6083: 6076: 6074: 6072: 6070: 6066: 6054:on 4 May 2017 6053: 6049: 6048: 6040: 6037: 6024: 6020: 6014: 6011: 6006: 6002: 5995: 5992: 5988: 5984: 5977: 5974: 5962: 5958: 5951: 5948: 5935: 5929: 5926: 5914: 5908: 5905: 5900: 5896: 5892: 5888: 5883: 5878: 5874: 5870: 5866: 5862: 5861: 5856: 5849: 5847: 5843: 5838: 5834: 5830: 5826: 5822: 5818: 5814: 5810: 5803: 5800: 5788: 5787:The Telegraph 5784: 5777: 5774: 5761: 5760: 5755: 5749: 5746: 5743: 5739: 5738:ja:二又トンネル爆発事故 5734: 5731: 5728: 5723: 5720: 5714: 5711: 5706: 5700: 5696: 5692: 5686: 5683: 5677: 5673: 5667: 5664: 5649: 5648: 5640: 5637: 5632: 5626: 5622: 5618: 5611: 5608: 5603: 5597: 5593: 5589: 5583: 5580: 5567: 5566: 5561: 5554: 5551: 5538: 5534: 5528: 5525: 5512: 5508: 5504: 5498: 5495: 5482: 5478: 5472: 5469: 5464: 5457: 5454: 5450: 5445: 5439: 5436: 5430: 5424: 5420: 5413: 5410: 5405: 5404: 5396: 5393: 5381: 5377: 5370: 5367: 5362: 5356: 5352: 5345: 5342: 5330: 5326: 5320: 5317: 5312: 5306: 5302: 5295: 5292: 5280: 5274: 5271: 5258: 5254: 5248: 5245: 5241: 5238: 5233: 5230: 5226: 5223: 5218: 5215: 5211: 5208: 5203: 5200: 5195: 5191: 5187: 5183: 5177: 5174: 5161: 5157: 5151: 5148: 5136: 5132: 5126: 5123: 5110: 5106: 5099: 5096: 5091: 5090: 5085: 5079: 5076: 5064: 5063: 5058: 5051: 5049: 5045: 5032: 5026: 5024: 5022: 5018: 5012: 5009: 5005: 5004:1-4000-6675-1 5001: 4997: 4991: 4988: 4982: 4979: 4975: 4970: 4967: 4955: 4954: 4946: 4943: 4931: 4927: 4926: 4918: 4915: 4902: 4898: 4894: 4888: 4885: 4880: 4874: 4870: 4863: 4860: 4847: 4843: 4839: 4833: 4830: 4817: 4813: 4809: 4803: 4801: 4797: 4785: 4781: 4775: 4772: 4759: 4752: 4749: 4737: 4730: 4727: 4714: 4710: 4706: 4702: 4696: 4693: 4688: 4681: 4678: 4673: 4667: 4663: 4656: 4653: 4646: 4641: 4637: 4633: 4630: 4628: 4625: 4623: 4620: 4618: 4614: 4611: 4610: 4606: 4599: 4596: 4594: 4591: 4586: 4583: 4573: 4571: 4568: 4567: 4563: 4560: 4558: 4554: 4551: 4546: 4543: 4533: 4531: 4528: 4527: 4523: 4520: 4518: 4514: 4510: 4505: 4502: 4492: 4490: 4487: 4486: 4482: 4476: 4473: 4470: 4465: 4463: 4459: 4455: 4445: 4443: 4440: 4439: 4435: 4429: 4427: 4424: 4421:16 April 1947 4419: 4416: 4406: 4404: 4401: 4400: 4396: 4393: 4391: 4388: 4385:4 August 2020 4383: 4380: 4370: 4368: 4365: 4364: 4360: 4357: 4355: 4351: 4348: 4343: 4340: 4330: 4328: 4325: 4324: 4320: 4317: 4315: 4312: 4308: 4305: 4300: 4298: 4294: 4284: 4282: 4279: 4278: 4274: 4271: 4269: 4265: 4260: 4257: 4247: 4245: 4242: 4241: 4237: 4234: 4232: 4228: 4223: 4220: 4219:Staffordshire 4216: 4206: 4204: 4201: 4200: 4196: 4192: 4188: 4185: 4181: 4177: 4175: 4172: 4167: 4164: 4154: 4152: 4149: 4148: 4144: 4141: 4138: 4135: 4132: 4129: 4128: 4125: 4119: 4117: 4115: 4111: 4110:Divine Strake 4107: 4103: 4099: 4095: 4091: 4087: 4083: 4079: 4075: 4071: 4067: 4057: 4055: 4052: 4049: 4046: 4043: 4042: 4039:10 June 1993 4038: 4035: 4032: 4029: 4026: 4025: 4022:20 June 1991 4021: 4018: 4015: 4012: 4009: 4008: 4004: 4001: 3998: 3995: 3992: 3991: 3987: 3984: 3981: 3978: 3976: 3975:Misty Picture 3973: 3972: 3969:27 June 1985 3968: 3965: 3962: 3959: 3957: 3954: 3953: 3949: 3946: 3943: 3940: 3937: 3936: 3932: 3929: 3926: 3923: 3920: 3919: 3915: 3912: 3909: 3906: 3903: 3902: 3898: 3895: 3892: 3889: 3886: 3885: 3881: 3879: 3876: 3873: 3871: 3868: 3865: 3864: 3860: 3857: 3854: 3851: 3848: 3847: 3844:23 July 1970 3843: 3840: 3837: 3834: 3831: 3828: 3827: 3823: 3820: 3817: 3814: 3811: 3809: 3806: 3805: 3801: 3798: 3795: 3792: 3789: 3787: 3786:Distant Plain 3784: 3783: 3779: 3776: 3773: 3770: 3767: 3765: 3762: 3761: 3758:17 July 1964 3757: 3754: 3751: 3748: 3745: 3743: 3740: 3739: 3736:18 July 1963 3735: 3733: 3729: 3726: 3723: 3720: 3718: 3715: 3714: 3710: 3707: 3704: 3701: 3698: 3695: 3694: 3690: 3688: 3685: 3682: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3671: 3667: 3664: 3661: 3658: 3655: 3654: 3651: 3649: 3643: 3635: 3633: 3631: 3627: 3623: 3619: 3618:13 April 2017 3615: 3611: 3603: 3601: 3599: 3595: 3591: 3587: 3583: 3580: 3574: 3566: 3564: 3561: 3557: 3553: 3552:pressure wave 3549: 3545: 3539: 3531: 3529: 3527: 3521: 3513: 3511: 3509: 3505: 3499: 3491: 3489: 3482: 3480: 3478: 3472: 3464: 3462: 3459: 3455: 3451: 3447: 3440: 3432: 3430: 3428: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3406: 3398: 3396: 3394: 3390: 3386: 3380: 3372: 3370: 3368: 3364: 3363:Mediterranean 3360: 3356: 3352: 3348: 3344: 3340: 3334: 3326: 3324: 3322: 3318: 3312: 3304: 3302: 3300: 3296: 3292: 3289: 3283: 3275: 3273: 3271: 3267: 3263: 3259: 3253: 3245: 3243: 3241: 3237: 3231: 3223: 3221: 3219: 3215: 3212:space rocket 3211: 3205: 3197: 3195: 3193: 3189: 3185: 3184:Hertfordshire 3181: 3177: 3171: 3163: 3161: 3156: 3148: 3146: 3144: 3138: 3130: 3128: 3126: 3120: 3112: 3110: 3108: 3104: 3100: 3094: 3093:AZF (factory) 3086: 3081: 3079: 3077: 3071: 3063: 3061: 3059: 3055: 3051: 3047: 3043: 3042:Long March 3B 3037: 3029: 3027: 3023: 3015: 3013: 3011: 3007: 3003: 2997: 2989: 2987: 2985: 2981: 2977: 2965: 2959: 2951: 2949: 2947: 2943: 2939: 2935: 2931: 2924: 2923:Misty Picture 2920: 2912: 2910: 2908: 2904: 2898: 2890: 2888: 2886: 2883:factory near 2882: 2876: 2868: 2866: 2864: 2861:In 1983 near 2856: 2854: 2851: 2845: 2837: 2835: 2833: 2829: 2825: 2821: 2815: 2807: 2805: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2790: 2784: 2776: 2774: 2772: 2769: 2765: 2761: 2757: 2756:sulfuric acid 2753: 2745: 2743: 2741: 2737: 2733: 2729: 2725: 2721: 2717: 2711: 2703: 2701: 2699: 2691: 2689: 2687: 2683: 2675: 2673: 2670: 2666: 2660: 2652: 2650: 2648: 2644: 2638: 2630: 2628: 2626: 2621: 2613: 2611: 2609: 2605: 2599: 2591: 2587: 2582: 2575: 2570: 2563: 2561: 2559: 2555: 2549: 2541: 2539: 2537: 2533: 2527: 2519: 2517: 2515: 2511: 2507: 2503: 2499: 2493: 2485: 2483: 2481: 2475: 2467: 2465: 2463: 2459: 2458:Raritan River 2453: 2445: 2443: 2441: 2437: 2433: 2432:Kalvarienberg 2429: 2423: 2415: 2413: 2411: 2407: 2398: 2391: 2389: 2387: 2383: 2379: 2375: 2371: 2367: 2359: 2356: 2354: 2352: 2346: 2338: 2336: 2334: 2330: 2329:Ocean Liberty 2322: 2321:Ocean Liberty 2319: 2317: 2315: 2311: 2307: 2306: 2300: 2294: 2286: 2284: 2282: 2278: 2274: 2270: 2264: 2256: 2254: 2252: 2251:Kyushu Island 2248: 2240: 2235: 2233: 2229: 2221: 2219: 2217: 2213: 2212: 2206: 2199: 2194: 2188: 2184: 2182: 2180: 2177: 2174:was hit by a 2173: 2172: 2167: 2163: 2159: 2152: 2148: 2146: 2144: 2143: 2137: 2136: 2127: 2123: 2121: 2119: 2118:Staffordshire 2113: 2105: 2103: 2100: 2099: 2089: 2085: 2081: 2077: 2073: 2072: 2063: 2059: 2054: 2049: 2045: 2043: 2039: 2033: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2015: 2011: 2005: 1997: 1995: 1991: 1983: 1981: 1979: 1975: 1971: 1967: 1961: 1953: 1951: 1949: 1945: 1941: 1937: 1936: 1935:Paul Hamilton 1926: 1925:Paul Hamilton 1921: 1915: 1914:Paul Hamilton 1911: 1909: 1907: 1903: 1899: 1898: 1890: 1882: 1880: 1878: 1877: 1869: 1861: 1859: 1857: 1856: 1851: 1843: 1839: 1837: 1835: 1834: 1830: 1826: 1820: 1819:Convoy SC 107 1813: 1809: 1807: 1805: 1801: 1800:Caribbean Sea 1797: 1793: 1790: 1789: 1780: 1776: 1774: 1772: 1768: 1764: 1760: 1752: 1750: 1747: 1743: 1739: 1733: 1725: 1723: 1721: 1717: 1713: 1712: 1706: 1705: 1696: 1692: 1690: 1688: 1684: 1683: 1674: 1670: 1668: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1653: 1652: 1646: 1645: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1627: 1626: 1617: 1613: 1611: 1609: 1605: 1601: 1597: 1593: 1585: 1583: 1581: 1577: 1573: 1569: 1568: 1559: 1556: 1551: 1549: 1547: 1543: 1539: 1531: 1529: 1527: 1523: 1519: 1515: 1509: 1501: 1499: 1497: 1493: 1485: 1483: 1481: 1477: 1476:Witwatersrand 1473: 1472:Somerset West 1469: 1465: 1457: 1455: 1453: 1449: 1443: 1435: 1433: 1431: 1427: 1421: 1413: 1407: 1400: 1398: 1396: 1392: 1388: 1384: 1380: 1374: 1366: 1364: 1361: 1357: 1351: 1343: 1341: 1339: 1335: 1331: 1325: 1317: 1315: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1301: 1297: 1293: 1289: 1288: 1282: 1281: 1271: 1270:Bedford Basin 1267: 1262: 1257: 1249: 1247: 1244: 1239: 1235: 1231: 1221: 1213: 1211: 1208: 1207: 1201: 1197: 1193: 1189: 1182: 1180: 1177: 1168: 1166: 1164: 1160: 1156: 1152: 1148: 1142: 1134: 1132: 1130: 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1110: 1104: 1096: 1094: 1092: 1088: 1084: 1080: 1076: 1072: 1068: 1061:, 1 July 1916 1060: 1055: 1050: 1042: 1040: 1038: 1031: 1027: 1026: 1020: 1019: 1012: 1011: 1005: 1004: 998: 994: 993: 987: 986: 979: 978: 977:Indefatigable 972: 968: 964: 963:deflagrations 960: 957: 949: 944: 939: 931: 929: 927: 923: 919: 915: 911: 907: 901: 893: 891: 889: 884: 880: 879: 869: 865: 860: 858: 856: 852: 848: 847:Hawkins Point 844: 840: 836: 831: 823: 820: 818: 816: 812: 808: 807:Lake Michigan 804: 803:Peshtigo fire 800: 795: 790: 786: 782: 778: 770: 768: 766: 762: 754: 752: 750: 746: 742: 738: 737:Havana Harbor 734: 728: 721: 717: 715: 712: 711:Witwatersrand 708: 704: 700: 691: 686: 678: 676: 674: 669: 665: 661: 660:sulfuric acid 657: 656: 651: 644: 640: 638: 636: 632: 628: 624: 620: 616: 615:New York City 610: 602: 600: 598: 594: 590: 586: 580: 572: 570: 568: 564: 555: 550: 542: 540: 538: 534: 529: 525: 524:entrenchments 521: 517: 514: 510: 507: 503: 497: 493: 485: 483: 481: 477: 473: 465: 463: 461: 457: 453: 449: 443: 435: 433: 431: 427: 421: 413: 411: 409: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 384: 380: 376: 372: 368: 362: 354: 352: 350: 346: 342: 336: 328: 326: 324: 323:star fortress 320: 316: 315:André Masséna 312: 308: 305:phase of the 304: 300: 294: 286: 284: 282: 278: 272: 264: 262: 260: 254: 246: 244: 242: 238: 234: 228: 220: 218: 216: 209: 202:Siege of Buda 201: 199: 197: 191: 183: 181: 179: 175: 171: 167: 163: 157: 149: 147: 145: 141: 137: 133: 129: 123: 115: 113: 111: 106: 102: 98: 94: 88: 80: 75: 73: 71: 67: 63: 58: 57:and BLEVEs). 56: 52: 46: 44: 40: 36: 32: 28: 24: 19: 7315: 7310: 7301: 7296: 7287: 7282: 7270:, retrieved 7261: 7254: 7242: 7233: 7221:. Retrieved 7217:the original 7207: 7200:The Guardian 7199: 7189: 7154: 7150: 7122: 7115: 7107: 7100: 7088:. Retrieved 7085:Star Tribune 7084: 7075: 7063:. Retrieved 7059: 7049: 7037:. Retrieved 7033: 7023: 7013: 7004: 6993: 6987: 6975:. Retrieved 6971:The Guardian 6970: 6961: 6936: 6932: 6926: 6917: 6908: 6896:. Retrieved 6892: 6882: 6870:. Retrieved 6866:the original 6856: 6848:the original 6838: 6826:. Retrieved 6822:the original 6815: 6805: 6793:. Retrieved 6789: 6779: 6767: 6762: 6738:. Retrieved 6728: 6720:the original 6715: 6710: 6704: 6692:. Retrieved 6688:the original 6676: 6666: 6660: 6648:. Retrieved 6644:the original 6639: 6629: 6617:. Retrieved 6610: 6601: 6591: 6586: 6574:. Retrieved 6569: 6560: 6548:. Retrieved 6539: 6530: 6518:. Retrieved 6512: 6503: 6491:. Retrieved 6487: 6477: 6456:cite journal 6448:the original 6437: 6427: 6421: 6413:the original 6403: 6394: 6385: 6373:. Retrieved 6368: 6359: 6348:, retrieved 6339: 6332: 6320:. Retrieved 6310: 6298:. Retrieved 6294:the original 6283: 6262:cite journal 6251:the original 6241: 6229:. Retrieved 6224: 6215: 6206: 6197: 6185:. Retrieved 6178:the original 6165: 6148: 6135: 6123:. Retrieved 6119:the original 6114: 6105: 6090: 6081: 6056:. Retrieved 6052:the original 6046: 6039: 6027:. Retrieved 6022: 6013: 6004: 5994: 5986: 5982: 5976: 5964:. Retrieved 5960: 5950: 5938:. Retrieved 5928: 5916:. Retrieved 5907: 5864: 5858: 5812: 5808: 5802: 5790:. Retrieved 5786: 5776: 5764:. Retrieved 5757: 5748: 5741: 5733: 5722: 5713: 5694: 5685: 5676:the original 5666: 5655:, retrieved 5646: 5639: 5616: 5610: 5591: 5582: 5570:. Retrieved 5563: 5553: 5541:. Retrieved 5536: 5527: 5515:. Retrieved 5511:the original 5506: 5497: 5485:. Retrieved 5481:the original 5471: 5462: 5456: 5447: 5443: 5438: 5418: 5412: 5401: 5395: 5383:. Retrieved 5379: 5369: 5350: 5344: 5332:. Retrieved 5328: 5319: 5300: 5294: 5282:. Retrieved 5273: 5261:. Retrieved 5256: 5247: 5240:cdnc.ucr.edu 5239: 5232: 5224: 5217: 5209: 5202: 5194:the original 5190:Athens, Ohio 5185: 5176: 5164:. Retrieved 5160:the original 5150: 5138:. Retrieved 5134: 5125: 5115:14 September 5113:. Retrieved 5111:(in Spanish) 5108: 5098: 5087: 5078: 5066:. Retrieved 5060: 5035:. Retrieved 5011: 4995: 4990: 4981: 4969: 4957:. Retrieved 4952: 4945: 4933:. Retrieved 4924: 4917: 4905:. Retrieved 4901:the original 4896: 4887: 4868: 4862: 4850:. Retrieved 4846:the original 4841: 4832: 4820:. Retrieved 4811: 4787:. Retrieved 4783: 4774: 4762:. Retrieved 4751: 4739:. Retrieved 4729: 4717:. Retrieved 4713:the original 4704: 4695: 4686: 4680: 4661: 4655: 4636:Liberty ship 4507:11 July 2011 4462:Soviet Union 4345:9 March 1911 4293:Ludwigshafen 4262:17 July 1944 4123: 4106:Dipole Might 4105: 4101: 4097: 4093: 4089: 4085: 4081: 4077: 4073: 4069: 4065: 4063: 4027:Minor Uncle 4005:1 June 1989 3993:Misers Gold 3988:14 May 1987 3808:Prairie Flat 3645: 3613: 3607: 3582:drone attack 3576: 3541: 3523: 3501: 3486: 3474: 3446:Lac-Mégantic 3442: 3408: 3382: 3359:Seismometers 3336: 3314: 3291:oil refinery 3285: 3255: 3233: 3207: 3173: 3158: 3140: 3122: 3099:an explosion 3096: 3082:2001–present 3073: 3039: 3036:Intelsat 708 3025: 3010:Gorky Oblast 2999: 2961: 2926: 2900: 2878: 2860: 2847: 2828:Jeollabuk-do 2817: 2786: 2749: 2740:deflagration 2713: 2697: 2695: 2681: 2679: 2662: 2640: 2624: 2619: 2617: 2601: 2553: 2551: 2529: 2495: 2477: 2455: 2431: 2425: 2403: 2385: 2378:Nagayeva Bay 2365: 2363: 2357: 2348: 2328: 2326: 2320: 2309: 2303: 2296: 2268: 2266: 2244: 2231: 2210: 2202: 2197: 2186: 2170: 2166:Liberty ship 2155: 2150: 2141: 2134: 2130: 2125: 2115: 2097: 2087: 2080:Manus Island 2074:exploded in 2070: 2066: 2061: 2052: 2035: 2013: 2007: 1993: 1966:Pearl Harbor 1963: 1934: 1930: 1924: 1913: 1896: 1892: 1876:Fort Stikine 1875: 1871: 1853: 1847: 1841: 1832: 1824: 1822: 1811: 1803: 1795: 1787: 1783: 1778: 1758: 1756: 1735: 1719: 1710: 1703: 1699: 1694: 1681: 1677: 1672: 1650: 1643: 1624: 1620: 1615: 1589: 1566: 1562: 1557: 1552:World War II 1535: 1526:Adolf Hitler 1511: 1489: 1461: 1445: 1423: 1376: 1353: 1327: 1299: 1286: 1279: 1275: 1223: 1186: 1172: 1155:Brunner-Mond 1144: 1125:Ellis Island 1112: 1106: 1090: 1083:La Boisselle 1064: 1029: 1024: 1017: 1010:Black Prince 1009: 1002: 991: 984: 976: 953: 947: 903: 877: 873: 870:at Sheerness 867: 843:Panama Canal 834: 833: 821: 809:. Police in 774: 758: 732: 730: 719: 703:Johannesburg 699:Braamfontein 696: 673:Peñacastillo 667: 654: 647: 642: 612: 582: 560: 502:US Civil War 499: 469: 445: 423: 371:British Army 364: 349:Zebulon Pike 338: 311:Grande Armée 296: 274: 256: 230: 211: 193: 159: 125: 90: 66:deflagration 59: 47: 20: 18: 7272:2 September 7223:25 December 7151:Shock Waves 6977:26 November 6872:2 September 6740:2 September 6650:11 November 6576:11 November 6207:youtube.com 5792:27 November 5697:. Amistad. 5657:2 September 5588:Blair, Clay 5503:"Razaranja" 5477:"Smederevo" 5385:27 February 5263:2 September 5166:1 September 4959:1 September 4935:1 September 4789:1 September 4701:"Explosion" 4467:3 July 1969 4432:3.2 kt 4145:Mean yield 3956:Minor Scale 3866:Dice Throw 3691:7 May 1945 3594:Tver Oblast 3508:Mexico City 3506:, north of 3423:Waco, Texas 3419:West, Texas 3355:power plant 3238:capital of 3125:North Korea 2919:Minor Scale 2797:cyclohexane 2793:Flixborough 2766:due to the 2686:Puget Sound 2586:shock front 2510:Nitramex 2H 2498:Ripple Rock 2440:French Army 2436:German Army 2314:Minor Scale 2312:, although 2162:Philippines 2014:E. A. Bryan 1940:Cape Bengut 1763:Tessenderlo 1625:Clan Fraser 1616:Clan Fraser 1572:naval mines 1546:Keihan area 1492:Neunkirchen 1470:factory at 1395:South Amboy 1304:picric acid 1200:Karel Čapek 1188:Škoda Works 1151:East London 973:. At 16:02 956:Grand Fleet 888:naval mines 861:World War I 701:station in 567:Fort Fisher 537:Confederacy 513:Confederate 500:During the 428:during the 367:War of 1812 103:(explosive 101:hellburners 33:, volatile 7335:Explosions 7329:Categories 6898:6 December 6619:25 October 6520:7 November 5572:28 October 5568:(in Dutch) 5140:7 November 4822:30 January 4764:6 December 4741:6 December 4719:7 November 4647:References 4588:4 May 1988 4513:ammunition 4479:29 TJ 4458:Kazakh SSR 4381:, Lebanon 4314:fertiliser 4268:ammunition 4231:ammunition 4078:Mine Throw 4066:Air Vent I 3921:Mill Race 3829:Dial Pack 3775:Kaho'olawe 3764:Sailor Hat 3732:Queensland 3632:(2.9 kt). 3236:Mozambican 2942:short tons 2760:heap-leach 2669:Kazakhstan 2558:New Jersey 2536:Queensland 2532:Iron Range 2406:Swiss Army 2299:Heligoland 2171:John Burke 2151:John Burke 2088:Mount Hood 2071:Mount Hood 2062:Mount Hood 2053:Mount Hood 1976:and three 1716:Pathé News 1657:Roald Dahl 1638:Royal Navy 1610:factions. 1576:Casablanca 1518:New London 1387:Sayreville 1379:New Jersey 1334:Nottingham 1300:Mont-Blanc 1287:Mont-Blanc 1238:Wytschaete 1147:Silvertown 992:Invincible 985:Queen Mary 948:Queen Mary 835:Alum Chine 822:Alum Chine 627:East River 563:Union Army 547:See also: 361:Negro Fort 105:fire ships 70:detonation 7181:1432-2153 6953:108813335 6570:USA Today 6350:20 August 6322:20 August 6300:20 August 6029:20 August 6005:El Tiempo 5891:0080-4614 5507:Smederevo 5449:reported. 4511:Military 4503:, Cyprus 4354:gunpowder 4266:Military 4229:Military 4215:RAF Fauld 4193:(12 4189:2.9 4182:(12 4178:2.9 4165:, Canada 4133:Location 4100:in 1982, 4096:in 1975, 3899:Mid-1978 3858:Colorado 3777:, Hawaii 3665:Location 3579:Ukrainian 3321:Ulyanovsk 3295:oil depot 3210:Zenit-3SL 2984:Las Vegas 2881:fireworks 2850:propylene 2716:N1 rocket 2659:Medeu Dam 2653:Medeu Dam 2269:Grandcamp 2236:1945–2000 2140:USS 2096:USS 2069:USS 2042:Cleveland 1948:Luftwaffe 1927:explodes. 1844:explosion 1829:submarine 1792:torpedoed 1746:Smederevo 1702:HMS 1680:HMS 1649:HMS 1642:HMS 1640:warships 1634:Luftwaffe 1466:from the 1338:Armistice 1310:(12 1081:south of 1037:magazines 1025:Onslaught 1023:HMS 1016:SMS 1008:HMS 1001:HMS 990:HMS 983:HMS 975:HMS 910:Faversham 876:HMS 824:explosion 635:Mill Rock 623:Hell Gate 565:captured 452:Gateshead 448:Newcastle 309:, French 233:Parthenon 55:gas leaks 35:petroleum 31:gunpowder 7305:, p. 424 7291:, p. 203 7241:(1986), 7090:5 August 7065:5 August 7039:5 August 6828:18 April 6795:18 April 6612:BBC News 6550:24 March 6493:18 April 6395:You tube 6231:19 April 6084:: 40–46. 5983:Hearings 5961:BBC News 5940:7 August 5837:42335899 5766:13 April 5693:(1993). 5590:(1996). 5068:12 April 5037:12 April 4816:Archived 4607:See also 4544:, China 4350:Dynamite 3742:Snowball 3717:Blowdown 3598:evacuate 3590:Toropets 3504:Tultepec 3456:from 44 3389:Ichihara 3103:Toulouse 3076:Enschede 2771:ore body 2724:kerosene 2665:Alma-Ata 2534:area of 2460:Port in 2400:Mitholz. 2372:port of 2176:Japanese 2098:Mindanao 1933:SS 1897:Voorbode 1895:ST 1874:SS 1825:Hatimura 1812:Hatimura 1651:Calcutta 1623:SS 1598:area of 1468:De Beers 1464:dynamite 1385:area of 1330:Chilwell 1285:SS 1278:SS 1234:Messines 1226:455 tons 1210:(1922). 1206:Krakatit 1109:sabotage 387:Seminole 241:Venetian 170:Royalist 144:Tongzhou 43:gasoline 41:such as 7316:Gizmodo 7262:Trinity 7159:Bibcode 7123:InDaily 7108:Twitter 6694:12 July 5966:31 July 5869:Bibcode 5817:Bibcode 5543:7 April 5517:17 July 5487:17 July 5006:p. 185. 4297:Germany 3586:Russian 3477:Tianjin 3458:DOT-111 3413:(00:50 3361:at the 3260:in the 3143:Kolding 3006:Arzamas 3002:hexogen 2905:in the 2820:Gwangju 2768:sulfide 2554:Village 2410:Mitholz 2380:on the 2374:Magadan 2158:Mindoro 2142:Redfish 1944:Algiers 1906:tsunami 1840:Naples 1798:in the 1767:Belgium 1720:Valiant 1630:Piraeus 1606:or pro- 1594:in the 1474:to the 1381:in the 1332:, near 1292:harbour 1243:Trinity 1230:ammonal 1087:ammonal 1030:Pommern 1018:Pommern 1003:Defence 918:Norwich 908:, near 883:collier 839:Cardiff 811:Chicago 781:Bristol 745:US Navy 735:in the 391:Choctaw 383:Maroons 369:by the 345:Toronto 299:Almeida 279:in the 259:Brescia 237:Ottoman 164:in the 132:Beijing 110:tsunami 97:Scheldt 37:-based 7179: 6951: 6375:23 May 6187:15 May 6125:6 June 5918:17 May 5897: 5889: 5835: 5809:Nature 5701: 5627: 5598: 5433:p. 84. 5425: 5357: 5334:16 May 5307: 5284:16 May 5002: 4907:3 July 4875: 4852:3 July 4668: 4379:Beirut 4130:Event 3656:Event 3461:dead. 3450:Quebec 3270:Skopje 3266:Tirana 3258:Gërdec 3240:Maputo 2907:Texaco 2608:Hawaii 2506:Canada 2386:Vyborg 2370:Soviet 2308:under 2216:Kyushu 2211:Yamato 2198:Yamato 2187:Yamato 2164:, the 1972:: six 1902:Bergen 1850:Naples 1796:Surrey 1779:Surrey 1738:Serbia 1704:Barham 1695:Barham 1596:Kenvil 1567:Pluton 1558:Pluton 1383:Morgan 1159:London 1075:London 1033:'s 924:, and 906:Uplees 789:DuPont 617:, the 480:Rhodes 460:crater 426:Multan 389:, and 277:Leiden 7266:(PDF) 7147:(PDF) 6949:S2CID 6714:[ 6540:Huliq 6344:(PDF) 6254:(PDF) 6181:(PDF) 6174:(PDF) 6145:(PDF) 6058:4 May 5899:91443 5895:JSTOR 5833:S2CID 5651:(PDF) 4136:Date 4102:SHIST 4047:ANFO 4030:ANFO 4013:ANFO 3996:ANFO 3979:ANFO 3960:ANFO 3941:ANFO 3924:ANFO 3916:1981 3907:ANFO 3890:ANFO 3824:1968 3780:1965 3668:Date 3584:on a 3345:near 3218:NSS-8 3178:near 2832:drunk 2824:Iksan 2758:in a 2351:Cádiz 2333:Brest 2135:Unryu 2126:Unryu 2091:' 2012:, SS 1942:near 1833:U-132 1740:used 1711:U-331 1578:, in 1522:Texas 1430:Oppau 1192:Plzeň 1163:Essex 1067:mines 733:Maine 720:Maine 506:Union 196:Delft 130:-era 39:fuels 7274:2020 7225:2008 7177:ISSN 7092:2020 7067:2020 7041:2020 6979:2015 6900:2015 6874:2017 6830:2013 6797:2013 6742:2020 6696:2011 6652:2015 6621:2009 6578:2015 6552:2007 6522:2015 6495:2014 6469:help 6377:2012 6352:2013 6324:2013 6302:2013 6275:help 6233:2013 6189:2015 6127:2016 6060:2017 6031:2013 5968:2021 5942:2020 5920:2014 5887:ISSN 5794:2012 5768:2007 5699:ISBN 5659:2020 5625:ISBN 5596:ISBN 5574:2023 5545:2023 5519:2007 5489:2007 5423:ISBN 5387:2024 5355:ISBN 5336:2014 5305:ISBN 5286:2014 5265:2020 5168:2020 5142:2015 5117:2022 5070:2009 5039:2009 5000:ISBN 4961:2020 4937:2020 4909:2018 4873:ISBN 4854:2018 4824:2014 4791:2020 4766:2015 4743:2015 4721:2015 4666:ISBN 4634:, a 4615:and 4555:and 4515:and 4352:and 4309:and 4092:and 4076:and 4068:and 3870:ANFO 3852:TNT 3832:TNT 3812:TNT 3768:TNT 3746:TNT 3721:TNT 3699:TNT 3610:MOAB 3347:Zygi 3293:and 3262:Vorë 2946:ANFO 2921:and 2643:Lyon 2428:Prüm 2060:USS 1978:LCTs 1974:LSTs 1804:U-68 1788:U-68 1693:HMS 1682:Hood 1673:Hood 1671:HMS 1647:and 1644:Ajax 1608:Nazi 1426:BASF 1283:and 1161:and 946:HMS 866:HMS 761:kegs 741:Cuba 718:USS 494:and 450:and 341:York 128:Ming 7167:doi 7060:CNN 7034:NPR 6941:doi 6790:CNN 6153:doi 5877:doi 5865:242 5825:doi 5813:160 4930:340 3679:TNT 3415:UTC 3411:CDT 3341:at 3297:in 2970:ClO 2966:(NH 2826:), 2791:in 2742:). 2376:at 2169:SS 2149:SS 2082:in 2078:at 1946:by 1923:SS 1912:SS 1810:SS 1777:SS 1614:SS 1604:IRA 1574:in 1389:in 1360:TNT 1294:of 1280:Imo 1228:of 1149:in 969:'s 853:in 518:at 478:in 377:in 373:at 7331:: 7198:, 7175:. 7165:. 7155:30 7153:. 7149:. 7130:^ 7083:. 7058:. 7032:. 7012:, 6969:. 6947:. 6937:34 6935:. 6916:. 6891:. 6814:. 6788:. 6770:. 6750:^ 6638:. 6609:. 6568:. 6542:. 6538:. 6511:. 6486:. 6460:: 6458:}} 6454:{{ 6393:, 6367:. 6266:: 6264:}} 6260:{{ 6223:. 6205:, 6151:. 6147:. 6113:. 6068:^ 6021:. 6003:. 5959:. 5893:. 5885:. 5875:. 5863:. 5857:. 5845:^ 5831:. 5823:. 5811:. 5785:. 5623:. 5619:. 5562:. 5535:. 5505:. 5378:. 5327:. 5255:. 5188:. 5184:. 5133:. 5107:. 5086:. 5059:. 5047:^ 5020:^ 4895:. 4840:. 4810:. 4799:^ 4782:. 4707:. 4703:. 4460:, 4456:, 4295:, 4217:, 4197:) 4195:TJ 4191:kt 4186:) 4184:TJ 4180:kt 3730:, 3696:– 3592:, 3577:A 3448:, 3391:, 3369:. 3182:, 3008:, 2986:. 2667:, 2606:, 2504:, 2500:, 2249:, 2207:, 2160:, 1722:. 1667:. 1528:. 1520:, 1494:, 1312:TJ 1298:. 920:, 751:. 739:, 637:. 599:. 385:, 53:, 25:, 7277:. 7249:. 7227:. 7183:. 7169:: 7161:: 7094:. 7069:. 7043:. 7018:. 6999:. 6981:. 6955:. 6943:: 6902:. 6876:. 6832:. 6799:. 6744:. 6698:. 6654:. 6623:. 6580:. 6554:. 6524:. 6497:. 6471:) 6467:( 6432:. 6379:. 6326:. 6304:. 6277:) 6273:( 6235:. 6191:. 6159:. 6155:: 6129:. 6099:. 6062:. 6033:. 6007:. 5970:. 5944:. 5922:. 5901:. 5879:: 5871:: 5839:. 5827:: 5819:: 5796:. 5770:. 5707:. 5633:. 5604:. 5576:. 5547:. 5521:. 5491:. 5431:. 5406:. 5389:. 5363:. 5338:. 5313:. 5288:. 5267:. 5170:. 5144:. 5072:. 5041:. 4963:. 4939:. 4911:. 4881:. 4856:. 4826:. 4793:. 4768:. 4745:. 4723:. 4674:. 2972:4 2968:4 1236:-

Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.

Index