138:, Lebanon voluntarily pledged to increase the renewable energy share to 12% by 2020. This voluntary commitment was anchored within the "Policy Paper for the Electricity Sector" prepared by the Ministry of Energy and Water and officially adopted by the Council of Ministers in June 2010. Following this, LCEC developed the NEEAP Lebanon 2011–2015 which was adopted in August 2010 by the Ministry of Energy and Water and approved in November 2011 by the Lebanese Government. NEEAP summarizes all national objectives, programmes and policies in 14 independent but correlated initiatives in the energy efficiency and renewable energy sectors. NEEAP was prepared in conformance with the Arab EE guideline (based on the EU directive 2006/32/EC on energy end-use efficiency and energy service) and Lebanon was the first Arab country to officially adopt such plan. LCEC is currently updating the NEEAP while preparing the Renewable Energy Strategy for Lebanon that will include several scenarios in achieving the set target of 12% RE by 2020 and that will also be in accordance with the Arab renewable energy guideline under preparation.
683:
Audit and ESCO Business". The purpose of this initiative is to support the development of the ESCO working in the energy audit business and provide them with the suitable financial, fiscal and technical incentives to remove all the obstacles hindering their growth. To support this initiative, LCEC has offered periodical trainings, workshops and seminars on energy audit activities and procedures to technician, engineers, bankers and to all those involved in the field. The ESCO pre-qualification programme was launched by LCEC by 2014 in order to regulate the market and have a recommended list of companies for potential projects.
676:
of
Barriers to ESCO Operation". The initial period 2002–2004 saw delays in project implementation; consequently, the project was essentially restarted with a new project team in 2005 and was operational until the end of 2009. The project was mainly targeting the high combined consumption of energy in industrial plants and buildings, where the potential for energy savings is important and promising. In 2006, LCEC aimed and worked on creating a market for ESCOs (Energy Service Companies that offer energy efficiency improvement services) where the end user can request a specialized ESCO to conduct an energy audit.
633:
top of the Beirut River and have 10 MW installed capacity to be the first grid connected solar farm that seeks to generate and supply EDL with clean energy. The project will also have a technical building. The implementation of the first phase has an installed capacity of 1 MW extending over an area of 16,000 m2. The cost of the 1st phase of the project is $ 3.1 Million (with a budget of $ 4 million) and is completely financed by MEW. The execution of the first phase started in July 2014 is now completed.
412:, has launched a pilot project to install solar water heaters at public–NGO facilities in selected damaged areas of Beirut, Bekaa and South Lebanon due to July 2006 war. Under the supervision of the Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation (LCEC), the project consisted of installing 93 individual (natural circulation) solar water heaters, and 11 collective (forced circulation) solar water heaters, covering a total of 1,040 square meters of collection area. The solar
24:
48:
660:
Another aim of the project is to help the market reach a total annual sale of 50,000 m2 and the installation of 1,050,000 square meters of SWHs capacity by 2020. To achieve these goals, the project worked on pilot installation of solar water heating, on training engineers and technicians, advertisement and marketing, and all other aspects that affect the solar water heating market growth.
316:. The Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation (LCEC) was assigned by the Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW) to support its installation both technically and financially. The workload consisted of handling all project logistics, hosting Chinese experts to conduct an intensive training workshop, assisting in the selection of beneficiaries.
155:
number of activities to push for energy efficiency development in
Lebanon. Gradually, LCEC gradually established itself as an independent technical national center offering the Lebanese Government and more specifically the Ministry of Energy and Water all kinds of services dedicated to energy efficiency and renewable energy.
682:
Only one ESCO was operational at the beginning of the programme. In 2010 only 8 ESCOs where active, nowadays more than 30 are available and the market is still expanding rapidly. To further support the growth of the ESCOs market, LCEC launched an initiative in NEAAP called "Paving the Way for Energy
675:
Since 2001, a nationwide program on energy audits for medium and large consuming facilities was initiated. This was a project financed by the Global
Environment Facility (GEF), managed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), and called "Lebanon Cross Sectoral Energy Efficiency and Removal
650:
The "Educational and
Demonstration Platform for Renewable Energies in Lebanon" project is a joint initiative between the French company Transénergie and the Ministry of Energy and Water represented by LCEC with the direct support of the Industrial Research Institute (IRI) and UNDP Lebanon. It aims at
632:
The "Beirut River Solar Snake" (BRSS) is the 1st pilot project in
Lebanon to produce electricity from solar energy. It was launched by the Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW) in 2013 and is under the supervision and management of LCEC. The project will be extended over a distance of 6.5 km on the
527:
There are two very important reasons for which the project has chosen EDZ for this installation. EDZ is a professional electrical utility that has online control on the electricity consumption in each and every house. This means that EDZ is able to track the changes in the energy bills resulting from
322:
Unfortunately and as a result of the July war in
Lebanon, 200 solar units were destroyed. In this regards, and after the impressive success of the project, LCEC has followed up with the Chinese Embassy to provide Lebanon with similar donation due to its direct results on the beneficiaries. This could
162:
In 2013, the financial and administrative support of GEF and UNDP to LCEC came to an end. During that same year, LCEC received its first financial support from the
Lebanese Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW). The MEW support ensured the sustainability of the center for a minimum of 5 years. LCEC also
511:
The direct objective of the pilot project is to reduce the energy bill of the different consumers and therefore remove part of the financial burden on families in this area. Another major objective is the reduction of GHG emissions generated by inefficient lighting. In addition, setting this project
299:
The activities of the
Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation (LCEC) expand to the implementation of pilot projects in the energy efficiency and renewable energy sector. Through grants, donations, and partnerships, LCEC was successful in implementing different pilot projects and is currently working
570:
After the success of the 500 solar water heaters donated by the People's
Republic of China and subsequent to the Israeli's attacks in July 2006 leading to the destruction of 200 of units earlier that year, the LCEC and the Ministry of Energy & Water (MEW) have been closely coordinating with the
691:
The
National Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Action (NEEREA) is a green financing mechanism that allows private sector entities to apply to subsidized loans for any type of EE and/or RE projects. The loan has a ceiling of $ 20 million and is offered at an interest rate of 0.6% for 14 years.
199:
Following the "Policy Paper for the Electricity Sector" prepared by the Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW) and officially adopted by the Council of Ministers in June 2010, LCEC developed the National Energy Efficiency Action Plan 2011–2015 for Lebanon (NEEAP) to achieve the national target of 12%
154:
One main objective of this project was to create a national energy agency for Lebanon to be called the Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation (LCEC). The project team started its operation in early 2005, and gradually the project name changed to LCEC. The LCEC project succeeded in implementing a
512:
as a success story supported by real achieved savings can increase the market share of energy efficient lighting in Lebanon and consequently boost the market toward the phase out of incandescent bulbs in the country. This strategy goes with the different strategies followed by many countries in
290:
LCEC is currently updating and developing the NEEAP 2015–2020 while preparing the Renewable Energy Strategy (RES) and the National Renewable Energy Action Plan (NREAP) for Lebanon. The Lebanese NEEAP was prepared in conformance with the Arab EE guideline (based on the EU directive 2006/32/EC on
190:
At the 2009 Copenhagen Climate Summit, Lebanon voluntarily pledged to increase the renewable energy shares to 12% by 2020. This voluntary commitment was anchored within the "Policy Paper for the Electricity Sector" prepared by the Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW) and officially adopted by the
659:
A main component of LCEC's work is the GEF-funded project "Global Solar Water Heating Market Transformation and Strengthening Initiative" aiming at the installation of around 190,000 square meters of solar water heaters (SWHs) during the timeline of the project from 2010 until the end of 2014.
692:
The greens loans are provided through any of the Lebanese commercial banks to directly reach the end user. The European Union is contributing to NEEREA by offering a grant over a share of the investment cost of maximum $ 5 million, 15% for nonsubsidized sectors and 5% for subsidized sectors.
191:
Council of Ministers in June 2010: it includes 10 strategic initiatives for the improvement of infrastructure, supply and demand systems and the definition of legal framework. Two key initiatives target respectively the Renewable Energy and the Demand Side Management / Energy Efficiency.
174:
the Ministry of Energy and Water is the central public organization in charge of the energy sector in Lebanon. LCEC is affiliated to the Ministry of Energy and Water in all major decisions, initiatives and projects related to energy efficiency and renewable energy.
695:
By January 2015, more than 200 projects were approved under the NEEREA financing mechanism with a total amount of more than $ 200 Million. Results show that around 60% of the projects were for solar photovoltaic while 82% of loans amount was for green buildings.
158:
The role of the LCEC project was consolidated as an independent technical national center in the Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) that signed between MEW and UNDP on 18 June 2007. GEF and UNDP extended their support to the LCEC in 2009 until the end of 2013.
146:
Back in 2002, the Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW) and United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) signed an agreement to create a new project called "Cross-sectoral energy efficiency and removal of barriers to ESCO operation". The project was co-funded by
641:
LCEC was engaged in the public street lighting project and managed the installation of 500 solar street lights at the end of December 2014 through a grant by the Chinese Government in the Dora, Jounieh, Cornet Chehwan and Batroun areas.
200:
renewable energy share by 2020. NEEAP summarizes all national objectives, programmes and policies in 14 initiatives in the energy efficiency and renewable energy sectors. The initiatives of the NEEAP are the following:
528:
the project implementation and can therefore report on the measurement and savings in kWh and in dollars. The second reason is that the management at EDZ is ready to support this program financially at a later stage.
557:
Recently, LCEC in collaboration with EDZ has worked on developing a complete study report on the success of this project, one year after its completion. The results of the study will be published soon by LCEC.
666:
Moreover, LCEC provides both the public and private sector with expert advice, finance and accreditation, develops energy efficiency standards and labels, and provides national energy database indicators.
561:
These pilot projects are preparing the ground towards implanting a clear DSM strategy developing currently. The strategy shall target the installation of a massive number of CFL fixtures all over Lebanon.
100:
LCEC has been a financially and administratively independent organization since 2011. LCEC's origins are in 2005 when it was initiated as a joint project between the Ministry of Energy and Water and
822:
Solar Thermal World. (2009). Assessment of Energy and Financial Performance of a Solar Hot Water System in a Single Family Dwelling: Case Study from Marjeyoun- South Lebanon. Retrieved from:
736:
663:
Till July 2014, a total of 5,878 installations were approved for SWH loans, and 49.63% of which benefited from the $ 200 subsidy. In total, 33,239 systems sold between 2012 and 2013.
795:
85:
agency for Lebanon. It is a governmental organization within the Lebanese Ministry of Energy and Water (MEW). LCEC is the technical arm of the Ministry in all subjects related to
651:
the installation of an educational platform to be used by researchers, educational institutions, university students, as well as professionals in the solar photovoltaic sector.
534:
Due to the importance of this pilot project, the event was covered by the media in every aspect. In fact, a press release was distributed to the main newspapers in town, namely
571:
Chinese government to proceed with a phase 2 grant that will include 600 solar water heaters of similar capacity and type of phase 1 (208 L tank capacity and 28 glass tubes).
300:
on the implementation of many others. Pilot projects help initiate a new momentum in the market, and most importantly offer an opportunity to benefit from the lessons learnt.
211:
Initiative 2: Adoption of the Energy Conservation Law and Institutionalization of the Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation (LCEC) as the National Agency for Lebanon
767:
135:
1004:
508:
area, completely free-of-charge. The 1,048 CFLs were purchased by LCEC and the installation was offered free-of-charge by EDZ as an in-kind contribution.
781:
Regional Center for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency. (2011). the National Energy Efficiency Action Plan (NEEAP) for Lebanon. Retrieved from:
409:
718:
733:
973:
Regional Center for Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency. (2014). National Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Action. Retrieved from:
101:
799:
531:
Following a site survey done by EDZ, LCEC supplied around 1,048 CFL's of different sizes to EDZ with a total cost not exceeding $ 2,500.
926:
898:
551:
768:
http://www.med-enec.com/news/lebanese-council-ministers-approves-lebanon%E2%80%99s-national-energy-efficiency-action-plan-neeap
148:
925:
Economy and Ecology Online. (2014). French FASEP Initiative Finances Solar Photovoltaic Educational Platform. Retrieved from:
793:
Paving the Way for the Mediterranean Solar Plan. (2011). Benchmarking of existing practice against EU norms. Retrieved from:
846:
United Nations Development Programme. (2007). Lebanon: Evaluation of the Energy and Environment Programme. Retrieved from:
766:
MED-ENEC. (2015). Lebanese Council of Ministers Approves Lebanon’s National Energy Efficiency Action Plan. Retrieved from:
228:
Initiative 5: Design and implementation of a national strategy for efficient and economic public street Lighting in Lebanon
543:
732:
Pierre El Khoury. (2013). Insights on the Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Development in Lebanon. Retrieved from:
1014:
251:
171:
The work of LCEC is characterized by various partnerships with national and international private and public entities.
163:
benefits from the support of the European Union (EU) through a contract signed with the Central Bank of Lebanon (BDL).
782:
291:
energy end-use efficiency and energy service) and Lebanon was the first Arab country to officially adopt such plan.
1009:
938:
112:
LCEC is the technical arm of the government of Lebanon working towards institutionalizing all national efforts to:
500:
Based on a collaboration agreement signed between LCEC and Electricité de Zahlé (EDZ), EDZ installed around 1,048
182:(BDL) in the review and evaluation of all technical applications to low-interest energy loans submitted to BDL.
962:
823:
547:
501:
445:
97:. LCEC provides energy efficiency and renewable energy programs to the public and private sectors in Lebanon.
719:
http://www.med-desire.eu/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=129&Itemid=687&lang=en
441:
Beneficiaries: 104 hospitals, orphanages, elderly centers, health care, Red Cross, and civil defense centers
734:
http://www.institutdesfinances.gov.lb/english/pdf/Pierre%20Khoury-CHEDE%20MED%20Presentation-%20050613.pdf
408:
The United Nations Development Program, through its Energy and Environment Programme, with the funding of
937:
Data Bank. (2013). The Solar Water Heaters Market From 2009 to 2013 and the Way Beyond. Retrieved from:
416:
units were executed by three qualified firms through an international bid, and divided into five lots.
319:
In addition to the above, a sum of US$ 112,500 was raised to cater for the installation of the units.
927:
http://www.eecoy.com/content/french-fasep-initiative-finances-solar-photovoltaic-educational-platform
974:
429:
86:
847:
524:. Finally, the project shall achieve a percentage of dollars savings in the national energy bill.
309:
222:
883:
871:
835:
583:
Donation: 600 solar water heaters (200 to replace damaged of Phase 1 plus 400 new installations)
894:
Association of Lebanese Industrialists. (2013). Phoenix Offer to Ali Members. Retrieved from:
205:
895:
90:
23:
902:
740:
550:. In addition, the project was covered by two main television stations in Lebanon, namely
255:
179:
94:
882:
Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation. (2010). Planned Pilot Projects. Retrieved from:
834:
Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation Project. (2013).Pilot Projects. Retrieved from:
119:
Encourage the use of renewable energy technologies through technical and policy support.
949:
Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation Project. (2013). Energy Audit. Retrieved from:
859:
126:
998:
517:
413:
313:
262:
215:
754:
Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation Project. (2013). About Us. Retrieved from:
275:
238:
783:
http://www.rcreee.org/content/national-energy-efficiency-action-plan-neeap-lebanon
151:
and the Ministry of Energy and Water under the direct management of UNDP Lebanon.
870:
Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation. (2010). Pilot Projects. Retrieved from:
116:
Improve and raise awareness energy efficiency in the main sectors of the economy.
939:
http://www.databank.com.lb/docs/solar%20water%20heaters%20market%202009-2013.pdf
679:
Over 125 audits were completed within the project, mostly for large facilities.
244:
232:
655:
Global Solar Water Heating Market Transformation and Strengthening Initiative
963:
http://www.ibl.com.lb/RetailProducts/Loans/GreenLoans/tabid/184/Default.aspx
824:
http://www.solarthermalworld.org/sites/gstec/files/LCEC%20SWH%20DWELLING.pdf
521:
755:
312:
donated 500 solar water heaters to be installed in the liberated areas in
950:
539:
535:
125:
Produce measurable and sustainable global benefits in terms of long-term
961:
Intercontinental Bank of Lebanon. (2014). Green Loans. Retrieved from:
913:
BRSS Lebanon. (2015). Beirut River Solar Snake (BRSS). Retrieved from:
438:
Application type: individual and collective solar water heating systems
323:
be achieved and will be offered under the second phase of the project.
47:
513:
385:
82:
42:
646:
French FASEP Initiative for Solar Photovoltaic Educational Platform
505:
122:
Provide reliable data on energy demand patterns and distribution.
975:
http://www.rcreee.org/sites/default/files/lebanon_neerea_web.pdf
858:
Ministry of Environment. (2010). Energy Crisis. Retrieved from:
214:
Initiative 3: Promotion of Decentralization Power Generation by
848:
http://www.undp.org.lb/WhatWeDo/Docs/EEOutcome%20Evaluation.pdf
218:
and Wind Applications in the Residential and Commercial Sectors
884:
http://www.lcecp.org.lb/pilotprojects.php?li=5&pproject=1
872:
http://www.lcecp.org.lb/pilotprojects.php?li=5&pproject=1
836:
http://www.lcecp.org.lb/pilotprojects.php?li=5&pproject=1
914:
896:
http://www.ali.org.lb/english/morearticles.asp?newsid=123
592:
Beneficiaries: 417 residences and public health centers
404:
2008: Solar water heaters for not-for-profit facilities
344:
Beneficiaries: 417 residences and public health centers
989:
281:
Initiative 14: Promotion of Energy Efficient Equipment
69:
860:
http://test.moe.gov.lb/Documents/SOER%20Chap%209.pdf
589:
Application type: evacuated tube solar water heaters
341:
Application type: evacuated tube solar water heaters
614:
Annual energy cost saving (consumer side): $ 97,000
595:
Areas covered: residences and non-profit facilities
466:
Annual energy cost saving (consumer side): $ 81,000
410:
the Swedish International Development Agency (SIDA)
366:
Annual energy cost saving (consumer side): $ 71,000
65:
55:
38:
30:
268:Initiative 11: Financing Mechanisms and Incentive
617:Annual energy cost saving (EDL side): $ 445,000
469:Annual energy cost saving (EDL side): $ 324,000
369:Annual energy cost saving (EDL side): $ 326,000
347:Areas covered: liberated areas in South Lebanon
102:the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)
271:Initiative 12: Awareness and Capacity Building
79:Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation (LCEC)
17:Lebanese Center for Energy Conservation (LCEC)
620:Annual GHG emissions reduction: 1,017 tons CO
8:
204:Initiative 1: Towards Banning the Import of
16:
472:Annual GHG emissions reduction: 744 tons CO
372:Annual GHG emissions reduction: 848 tons CO
717:MED-DESIRE. (2015). LCEC. Retrieved from:
237:Initiative 7: Electricity Generation from
231:Initiative 6: Electricity Generation from
178:LCEC is also the technical partner of the
22:
15:
432:systems (11 Collective and 93 Individual)
750:
748:
728:
726:
777:
775:
756:http://www.lcecp.org.lb/aboutus.php?i=1
713:
711:
709:
705:
951:http://www.lcecp.org.lb/energy.php?i=2
195:National Energy Efficiency Action Plan
149:the Global Environment Facility (GEF)
7:
818:
816:
608:Collection area: 1,524 square meters
460:Collection area: 1,040 square meters
1005:Lebanese governmental organisations
611:Annual energy production: 1,221 MWh
463:Annual energy production: 1,017 MWh
363:Annual energy production: 1,018 MWh
566:Chinese government grant – Phase 2
274:Initiative 13: Paving the Way for
136:the 2009 Copenhagen Climate Summit
14:
444:Areas covered: Bekaa, South, and
360:Collection area: 1,270 sq. meters
335:Donation: 500 solar water heaters
796:"Benchmarking Reports - Library"
502:Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs)
496:CFL pilot project in Niha, Bekaa
46:
425:Date of implementation: Q1 2008
332:Date of implementation: Q3 2006
598:Role of LCEC: technical agency
504:in the village of Niha in the
350:Role of LCEC: technical agency
286:NEEAP 2012–2020, NREAP and RES
225:for Buildings and Institutions
127:greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions
1:
304:2006: 500 solar water heaters
252:Geothermal energy in Lebanon
580:Date of Initiation: Q1 2010
450:Role of LCEC: administrator
1031:
247:for Electricity Generation
586:Type of donation: in-kind
338:Type of donation: in-kind
21:
628:Beirut River Solar Snake
258:, and Other Technologies
915:http://brsslebanon.com/
180:Central Bank of Lebanon
637:Public Street Lighting
603:Projected achievements
485:Aquatherma Engineering
435:Type of donation: cash
1015:Energy conservation
575:Project information
430:solar water heating
420:Project information
327:Project information
223:Solar Water Heaters
18:
901:2015-04-16 at the
739:2016-03-04 at the
390:Falcon Win Trading
310:Chinese government
206:Incandescent Lamps
186:Policy development
70:http://lcec.org.lb
57:President/Director
1010:Energy in Lebanon
278:and ESCO Business
87:energy efficiency
75:
74:
1022:
977:
971:
965:
959:
953:
947:
941:
935:
929:
923:
917:
911:
905:
892:
886:
880:
874:
868:
862:
856:
850:
844:
838:
832:
826:
820:
811:
810:
808:
807:
798:. Archived from
791:
785:
779:
770:
764:
758:
752:
743:
730:
721:
715:
393:Ghaddar Industry
91:renewable energy
81:is the national
61:Pierre El Khoury
51:
50:
26:
19:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1024:
1023:
1021:
1020:
1019:
995:
994:
986:
981:
980:
972:
968:
960:
956:
948:
944:
936:
932:
924:
920:
912:
908:
903:Wayback Machine
893:
889:
881:
877:
869:
865:
857:
853:
845:
841:
833:
829:
821:
814:
805:
803:
794:
792:
788:
780:
773:
765:
761:
753:
746:
741:Wayback Machine
731:
724:
716:
707:
702:
689:
673:
657:
648:
639:
630:
623:
605:
577:
568:
498:
482:
475:
457:
422:
406:
399:Mihsen Reda Co.
382:
375:
357:
329:
306:
297:
288:
261:Initiative 10:
256:Waste to Energy
197:
188:
169:
144:
133:
110:
95:green buildings
58:
45:
12:
11:
5:
1028:
1026:
1018:
1017:
1012:
1007:
997:
996:
993:
992:
985:
984:External links
982:
979:
978:
966:
954:
942:
930:
918:
906:
887:
875:
863:
851:
839:
827:
812:
786:
771:
759:
744:
722:
704:
703:
701:
698:
688:
685:
672:
671:ESCO Companies
669:
656:
653:
647:
644:
638:
635:
629:
626:
625:
624:
621:
618:
615:
612:
609:
604:
601:
600:
599:
596:
593:
590:
587:
584:
581:
576:
573:
567:
564:
497:
494:
493:
492:
489:
486:
481:
480:Implemented by
478:
477:
476:
473:
470:
467:
464:
461:
456:
453:
452:
451:
448:
446:Beirut Suburbs
442:
439:
436:
433:
428:Donation: 104
426:
421:
418:
405:
402:
401:
400:
397:
394:
391:
388:
381:
380:Implemented by
378:
377:
376:
373:
370:
367:
364:
361:
356:
353:
352:
351:
348:
345:
342:
339:
336:
333:
328:
325:
305:
302:
296:
295:Pilot projects
293:
287:
284:
283:
282:
279:
272:
269:
266:
259:
250:Initiative 9:
248:
243:Initiative 8:
241:
235:
229:
226:
221:Initiative 4:
219:
212:
209:
196:
193:
187:
184:
168:
165:
143:
140:
131:
130:
123:
120:
117:
109:
106:
73:
72:
67:
63:
62:
59:
56:
53:
52:
40:
36:
35:
32:
28:
27:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1027:
1016:
1013:
1011:
1008:
1006:
1003:
1002:
1000:
991:
988:
987:
983:
976:
970:
967:
964:
958:
955:
952:
946:
943:
940:
934:
931:
928:
922:
919:
916:
910:
907:
904:
900:
897:
891:
888:
885:
879:
876:
873:
867:
864:
861:
855:
852:
849:
843:
840:
837:
831:
828:
825:
819:
817:
813:
802:on 2013-09-02
801:
797:
790:
787:
784:
778:
776:
772:
769:
763:
760:
757:
751:
749:
745:
742:
738:
735:
729:
727:
723:
720:
714:
712:
710:
706:
699:
697:
693:
686:
684:
680:
677:
670:
668:
664:
661:
654:
652:
645:
643:
636:
634:
627:
619:
616:
613:
610:
607:
606:
602:
597:
594:
591:
588:
585:
582:
579:
578:
574:
572:
565:
563:
559:
555:
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
532:
529:
525:
523:
519:
515:
509:
507:
503:
495:
490:
487:
484:
483:
479:
471:
468:
465:
462:
459:
458:
454:
449:
447:
443:
440:
437:
434:
431:
427:
424:
423:
419:
417:
415:
414:water heating
411:
403:
398:
395:
392:
389:
387:
384:
383:
379:
371:
368:
365:
362:
359:
358:
354:
349:
346:
343:
340:
337:
334:
331:
330:
326:
324:
320:
317:
315:
314:South Lebanon
311:
303:
301:
294:
292:
285:
280:
277:
273:
270:
267:
264:
263:Building Code
260:
257:
253:
249:
246:
242:
240:
236:
234:
230:
227:
224:
220:
217:
213:
210:
207:
203:
202:
201:
194:
192:
185:
183:
181:
176:
172:
166:
164:
160:
156:
152:
150:
141:
139:
137:
128:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
113:
107:
105:
103:
98:
96:
92:
88:
84:
80:
71:
68:
64:
60:
54:
49:
44:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
20:
969:
957:
945:
933:
921:
909:
890:
878:
866:
854:
842:
830:
804:. Retrieved
800:the original
789:
762:
694:
690:
681:
678:
674:
665:
662:
658:
649:
640:
631:
569:
560:
556:
548:Al Mustaqbal
533:
530:
526:
510:
499:
488:Kypros Solar
455:Achievements
407:
396:Tfaily Solar
355:Achievements
321:
318:
307:
298:
289:
276:Energy Audit
239:Solar Energy
198:
189:
177:
173:
170:
167:Partnerships
161:
157:
153:
145:
132:
111:
99:
78:
76:
39:Headquarters
990:lcec.org.lb
265:for Lebanon
245:Hydro Power
129:reductions.
999:Categories
806:2015-04-09
700:References
233:Wind Power
208:to Lebanon
687:Financing
554:and NTV.
522:Australia
104:Lebanon.
31:Formation
899:Archived
737:Archived
544:Al Anwar
108:Overview
540:Assafir
536:Annahar
518:America
142:History
66:Website
546:, and
520:, and
514:Europe
491:Dawtec
386:Kypros
93:, and
83:energy
43:Beirut
506:Bekaa
552:LBCI
308:The
77:The
34:2002
134:At
1001::
815:^
774:^
747:^
725:^
708:^
542:,
538:,
516:,
254:,
216:PV
89:,
809:.
622:2
474:2
374:2
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
