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higher than we wanted to raise the water for the required depth of fifteen or eighteen inches by the natural flow, to make artificial freshets to supply the deficiency; that is, by making ponds of water of as many acres as we could get, and letting it off periodically, say once in three days. I supposed we could gather water enough to secure the required quantity, and thus secure a regular descending navigation. The plan for locks and gates for letting out the freshet in a proper manner was left for the present to be devised in due time if found necessary.
967:
638:. By late in the year, White had shifted construction efforts from improving the one-way system (begun in 1818) to a test project on the four upper dams of the canal. The project involved two-way dams and locks with a wider lift channel and lengths of over 120 feet (37 m), capable of taking a steam tug and a coastal cargo ship from 45.6 miles (73.4 km) from the Delaware to the slack-water pool at Mauch Chunk. In 1823, White and Hazard proposed a plan to the Pennsylvania legislature.
741:. The upper canal rose over 600 feet (183 m) in elevation to the Mauch Chunk slack-water pool. Unlike the lower canal (where most locks lifted less than 6 feet (1.8 m) in easy stages, the upper-canal design relied on deep-lift locks. The maximum lift on the lower canal was less than 20 feet (6.1 m), but the upper-canal locks lifted a maximum of 58 feet (18 m); this is comparable to the lift of the lower canal in a bit over half the distance, using less than
979:
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2240:
59:
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1760:
465:, but had accomplished little and the charter would expire in 1817. White and Hazard made a proposal specifying improvements for downriver navigation only, and received a charter giving the company ownership of the river in March 1818. The charter had a fall-back provision allowing the legislature to require improvements enabling two-way navigation.
2314:
651:
controlled by the LC&N. The following year, the legislature rejected his proposal; lumber and timber interests feared that damming would prevent them from rafting logs on the rivers to local sawmills. White and Hazard scrambled to increase mine production while producing enough lumber for arks to
560:
begin with Lock 1 at the dam. This was a weighing lock, using a platform which lifted a barge and weighed the boat and its load. Each non-LC&NC barge on the canal was recorded. Empty weights were subtracted, and tolls were assessed by the ton per mile traveled. Most of the 44 locks on the descent
856:
in 1979, including "Lehigh Canal", "Carbon County
Section of the Lehigh Canal" (#79002179), "Lehigh Canal: Eastern Section Glendon and Abbott Street Industrial Sites" (#78002437) and "Lehigh Canal; Allentown to Hopeville Section" (#79002307). For the Carbon County section, also known as "Upper Canal
633:
By late 1822, skepticism about anthracite was waning. The cost of building an ark for every load of coal delivered to the
Philadelphia docks in 1822 (as LC&N operations were hitting their stride) worried the company's board of directors. By mid-1822, managing director Josiah White was consulting
395:
gave the company an incentive to send another expedition by independent contractors in 1813. After a year, they had built five boats but brought only two to market. This resulted in another financial loss for the company and proved the last straw for many of the company's backers, who were unwilling
278:
The route initially consisted of canals and dammed-off sections of the Lehigh River. Boatmen had to navigate barges periodically from the canal through a lock onto the river or vice versa. This design saved time and money and made the canal functional while it was being built, although it made for a
835:
failed, triggering a cascade of failing dams in a flood on June 4. Between 100 or 200 people died in the villages and canal works below. The
Pennsylvania legislature forbade the rebuilding of the upper canal. The canal was used for transportation until the 1940s, about a decade after similar canals
646:
In 1823, after building and testing four locks, Josiah White made a proposal to the
Pennsylvania legislature to continue the improvements down the Lehigh River. His plan included locks suitable for a coastal schooner and towing steam tug, the types of boats which dominated ports along the 62 miles
469:
The plan, says Josiah White, who was its originator, was to "improve the navigation of the river by contracting the channels funnel fashion, to bring the whole flow of water at each of the falls to as narrow a compass as the law would allow, by throwing up the round river stones into low walls not
419:
The river was first declared a public highway on the fourteenth of March, 1761, and an Act, supplementary to this, was passed in 1771. Acts, conferring corporate privileges on the Lehigh
Navigation Company, were passed February 27th, 1798, March 7th, 1810, March 22d, 1814, March 19th, 1816, and
2205:
423:
On March 20, 1818, the new Lehigh
Navigation and Coal Company was given expanded ownership of the Lehigh Canal to encourage the canal's development with the understanding that the state might at some point exercise its right to require the canal be made a two-way water transport highway with
332:
813:
in
Mountain Top with a railroad running down a ridge to White Haven and the new upper-canal docks, with a turnaround staging yard at the docks. In 1855, as competition increased, the canal reached its peak of more than one million tons of cargo. After that, coal shipped through the
2200:
868:, which was NRHP-listed in 1974. The eastern-section listing is for a 260-acre (110 ha) area with three contributing buildings, seven contributing sites and 11 contributing structures. The Allentown-to-Hopeville section is a 53.9-acre (21.8 ha) area which includes
1192:
was listed as an extra expense in the LC&N's annual reports. Brenckman and "The
Delaware and Lehigh Canals" note that the political decision slowing its start and the poor design and construction of the Delaware Canal were costly for the Lehigh Coal & Navigation
2284:
2309:
1859:
1854:
432:
The lower canal began as a collection of removed stone obstructions and low rock dams with a system of wooden "bear-trap locks" invented by Lehigh
Navigation and Coal Company managing partner Josiah White, who debugged scale models of the lock design on
1849:
621:
The lower canal improvements were initially designed and engineered by LC&N founder Josiah White after the company become disenchanted with the
Schuylkill Canal's board of directors. By the winter of 1814, the company was interested in transporting
2344:
2031:
2214:
2111:
660:. The LC&N began converting the canal to support two-way operation, work which continued into 1829. In 1831, the LC&N stopped making one-way arks and began building large, durable barges, expecting their return via a connection with the
2324:
2076:
2026:
407:(operations managers into the mid-1860s) established a reputation for innovation. White and Hazard researched (or invented) emerging technologies as needed, pioneering industrial innovations including the first wire suspension bridge over the
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2056:
2016:
1961:
1941:
1891:
1871:
2339:
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1966:
1951:
1784:
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364:; Its principals secured rights to over 10,000 acres (40 km) before the Lehigh Canal was built. The company found it fairly easy to find and mine coal from a pit on the mountainside. The coal had to be loaded into sacks and then onto
2071:
2066:
1991:
1971:
1926:
1901:
1886:
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1809:
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2116:
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2011:
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1911:
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1409:, constructed in 1822, raised the river's water level and obliterated the rapids. The area near the present library was a brewery from 1873 to 1894. After it fell into disrepair, the springs turned it into a swimming hole."
2177:
2167:
2162:
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1106:- 1811 private stock company that completed the "golden link between the Schuylkill and Susquehanna rivers in 1828, thereby connecting the Schuylkill Navigation company with the Pennsylvania canal in Middleton."
2182:
1687:
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was in operation, and the LC&N Co. allowed its subsidiary Summit Hill & Mauch Chunk Railroad to be sold as a tourist railroad. As the Mauch Chunk Switchback Railway, it was the world's first
2304:
2243:
2147:
2041:
1703:
1680:
441:, its name. White and partner Erskine Hazard, who operated a wire mill, foundry and nail factory at the Falls of the Schuylkill, needed energy. After learning the value of anthracite during the
919:
864:
The eastern section (now preserved as a recreational-boating area) runs along the Lehigh River from Hopeville to the confluence of the Lehigh and Delaware Rivers in Easton and includes the
255:
Although the canal was used to transport a variety of products, its most significant cargo was anthracite coal, the highest quality energy source then available in the United States, and
1033:– A New Jersey canal connection to the New York and New Jersey markets shipping primarily coal across the Delaware River. The D&R also shipped Iron Ore from New Jersey up the Lehigh.
1202:
White, a foundry and wire-mill owner needing fuel, was behind systematic investigations which determined several successful ways to use anthracite industrially and for heating in 1813.
505:
to supply coal to Eastern seaboard cities between 1818 and 1820 with downriver traffic only. It was later rebuilt with locks supporting two-way traffic between 1827 and 1829 by the
552:
next to the loading docks, at the same level as the top of the first guard dam. That dam (known as Dam 1) was downstream of Broadway, opposite Flagstaff Hill and the cross-canal
2224:
2220:
1742:
1732:
2329:
978:
1647:
1504:
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1387:: "Industrial activity marked the early history of the Schuylkill River and nearby waterways. Even before the fishery of Fort St. Davids was established by
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553:
379:
With no officer willing to manage from the field, the LCMC hired contractors or sent out teams, which was only sporadically successful in getting coal to
966:
457:
were willing to option their rights because of their long-term inability to make a profit by transporting anthracite nearly 110 miles (180 km) from
268:
1335:(First ed.). Oak Printing Company, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania: Center for Canal History and Technology, Hugh Moore Historical Park and Museum, Inc.,
1148:
726:
system, during the mid-1830s the business community and the legislature sought a 26-mile (42 km) extension. The Upper Lehigh Canal, designed by
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1727:
1657:
45:
661:
237:
117:
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293:
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The project included four major construction hurdles and three new railroad projects, for which LC&N created a new subsidiary: the
501:
Sometimes called the Stone Coal Turnpike, the lower canal (46.5 miles (74.8 km)) was built by the Lehigh Navigation Company as a
803:
and through a 1-mile (1.6 km) cutting, a man-made ravine over 100 feet (30 m) deep connecting to an assembly rail yard in
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249:
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but quarreled with those on the board of managers who did not favor rapid development. They learned that the managers of the
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rapids. Despite many politically connected stockholders and officers, the operation was unsupervised by upper management.
228:. It was built in two sections over a span of 20 years beginning in 1818. The lower section spanned the distance between
526:
1298:"Lehigh Canal -- National Register of Historic Places Delaware and Lehigh National Heritage Corridor Travel Itinerary"
1103:
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1155:) also assumed the Pisgah. The creek south of the ridge was named Mauch Chunk Creek, after the next ridge south.
1017:
and canal terminus, feeding urban Philadelphia connecting with the Morris and Lehigh Canals at their respective
897:
538:
454:
438:
415:
There are few rivers, the navigation of which has been more the subject of legislation than that of the Lehigh.
317:
233:
97:
687:.5 miles (0.80 km) south of Mauch Chunk determined canal-boat fees. A cable-ferry connection across the
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893:
889:
858:
756:
672:
594:
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341:
2315:
Individually listed contributing properties to historic districts on the National Register in Pennsylvania
1722:
1672:
779:
1737:
1717:
1490:
1283:
1140:
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1080:
908:. Other short sections are accessible, but portions of the canal towpath are worn and unsafe to access.
905:
586:
64:
1384:
1240:
The Schuylkill Canal was long delayed by investors quarreling over the best way to proceed. Disgusted,
573:(creating a wave to raise the water level as the canal boat sank downriver). The canal carried central
437:. Experiments with the bear-trap locks gave Bear Lane, an alley in Mauch Chunk off Broadway in today's
368:, which carried the coal at least 9 miles (14 km) to the Lehigh shore. Disposable skiffs known as
1402:
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1018:
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873:
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canal. In 1962, most of the canal was sold to private and public organizations for recreational use.
787:
665:
582:
562:
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105:
387:. Before the war, the LCMC's record of getting coal to market was so dismal that coal imported from
1083:
canal feeding steel mills ores from Central New Jersey and coal to New York and New Jersey Markets.
578:
534:
446:
2249:
1177:
1089:– an ambitious collection of far-flung canals, and eventually railroads authorized early in 1826.
1040:
1005:
775:
671:
The expanded Lehigh Canal extended 46 miles (74 km), between Mauch Chunk and Easton. Its 52
606:
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and remained in operation until 1931. The lower canal connected the eastern part of the southern
272:
209:
308:
1165:
1136:
1396:
1350:
1340:
884:
An 8-mile (13-km) segment of the canal towpath has been converted into a multi-use trail from
815:
737:
The upper Lehigh was a turbulent river with steep sides; a large portion was in a ravine, the
680:
434:
1392:
1374:
Brenckman, Fredrick, History of Carbon County. Also, History of Northampton County overlaps.
450:
420:
March 24th, 1817. By 1818, however, considerable sums were expended with limited progress.
408:
369:
1464:. Philadelphia: Ancestry.com, Transcribed from the original in April 2004 by Shirley Kuntz.
1152:
810:
716:
707:
had a complementary 22-mile (35 km) canal built along the east bank of the Delaware.
357:
1539:
1245:
1219:(first used in 1821) and the LC&N's success. By 1823 they sought investors for the
1212:
1189:
1169:
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929:
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101:
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explored tapping Anthracite supplies via the Lehigh, and ended up incorporating the
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variants of White's bear-trap lock. When tipped or triggered, they released several
58:
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383:. Firewood and charcoal were expensive and hard to find in the eastern U.S. by the
380:
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321:
241:
225:
213:
80:
76:
1123:
Operated by the Mauch Chunk Switchback Railway Company, as seen in a legal notice.
461:. The Lehigh Navigation Company held a charter to improve the navigability of the
1667:
1297:
2285:
Archaeological sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
1461:
The History of the Counties of Lehigh & Carbon, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
1132:
Sharp Mountain is also the name of the extension of the Pisgah Ridge across the
549:
510:
442:
392:
384:
365:
260:
1421:
History of Northampton County (Pennsylvania) and the grand valley of the Lehigh
652:
send their coal along the Delaware to Philadelphia. In 1827, a revision to the
2310:
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
1216:
925:
719:
696:
684:
349:
313:
245:
132:
119:
1066:
896:. The trail runs along the river and active railroad tracks. A section near
796:
783:
760:
570:
557:
545:
502:
348:
The Lehigh Coal Mine Company (LCMC) was founded in 1792, a few months after
2345:
Transportation buildings and structures in Northampton County, Pennsylvania
1759:
1048:
1044:
605:
and a number of railroads. The privately funded canal became part of the
566:
256:
2325:
National Register of Historic Places in Northampton County, Pennsylvania
1639:
1632:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1562:
730:, was built from 1837 to 1843 as authorized by the 1837 revision of the
683:
allowed the waterway to rise over 350 feet (107 m) in elevation. A
841:
610:
388:
2340:
Transportation buildings and structures in Lehigh County, Pennsylvania
2335:
Transportation buildings and structures in Carbon County, Pennsylvania
1151:(the peak over Mauch Chunk at the end of the northeast portion of the
827:
In 1862, the canal collapsed when a wet spring repeatedly overfilled
577:
anthracite to northeastern urban markets, particularly Philadelphia,
2320:
National Register of Historic Places in Carbon County, Pennsylvania
252:. At its height, the Lehigh Canal was 72 miles (116 km) long.
2295:
Canals on the National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
1070:
488:
331:
301:
205:
1480:
1273:
1354:
984:
The stacked-rock of Upper Canal Lock 28 near White Haven in 2008
676:
372:
were built from local timber, which were manned along the lower
275:
character of the Lehigh Valley towns that surrounded the canal.
1676:
900:
is also accessible to recreational users. The final section in
752:
1168:
at the "Falls of the Schuylkill", a rapids along the present
876:
in its contributing building and 13 contributing structures.
1328:
Bartholomew, Ann M.; Metz, Lance E.; Kneis, Michael (1989).
1231:, already seeing an uptick in commerce from the Erie Canal.
445:, White and Hazard joined a number of Philadelphians in a
770:(LH&S). From north to south, the rail projects were:
715:
Inspired by the successful transport of freight over the
271:, and their mining and transportation defined the rugged
1227:. The D&H project was devised to ship anthracite to
857:
Lock #1 to Lower Canal Dam #3", the listing included 30
1704:
US National Register of Historic Places in Pennsylvania
1653:
Historic photos of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Canal
1069:
began; contemporary with the Lehigh and the Schuylkill
1395:
in 1734, other settlers were building mills along the
399:
The Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company, its founder
2280:
Aqueducts on the National Register of Historic Places
1419:
Heller, William Jacob (1920). "Chapters XXXIV-XXXV".
699:
created a more-direct route from the Lehigh Canal to
279:
slower, more difficult trip for canal-boat captains.
2305:
Historic American Engineering Record in Pennsylvania
751:
as many locks per mile. The upper canal design's 20
2193:
2130:
1767:
1733:
History of the National Register of Historic Places
1710:
1658:
Delaware & Lehigh Canal State Heritage Corridor
190:
176:
168:
160:
148:
111:
72:
1401: • Don't bother trying to find the
1323:
1321:
1319:
1317:
1315:
1313:
1311:
1309:
1307:
1458:Alfred Mathews & Ausin N. Hungerford (1884).
1252:which spearheaded many technological initiatives.
1065:– Another early built coal canal as the American
852:Several segments of the canal were listed on the
248:and other goods to be transported further up the
972:The entrance to Lock 28 near White Haven in 2008
537:to the canal head at Mauch Chunk in present-day
1423:. Boston New York: American Historical Society.
1370:
1368:
1366:
1364:
467:
413:
996:Delaware and Lehigh National Heritage Corridor
1688:
818:supplanted coal supplied by the Lehigh Canal.
8:
763:provided working flow even in dry summers.
391:was cheaper and more readily available. The
1211:The Philadelphia brothers spearheading the
544:The lower canal began below Packers Dam. A
1695:
1681:
1673:
1577:Lehigh Canal, Guard Lock 8 & Lockhouse
960:The remains of Upper Canal Lock 24 in 2020
57:
37:U.S. National Register of Historic Places
2330:Navigable aqueducts in the United States
1648:National Canal Museum: Lehigh Navigation
1215:'s coal road were inspired by the early
1164:White and Hazard had a nail factory and
556:for which Mauch Chunk was named. The 44
548:projected into the upper pool to create
186:, 78002439, 79002179, 79002307, 80003553
1668:Lehigh Canal National Heritage Corridor
1475:
1473:
1471:
1265:
1116:
1013:– A sister canal from the mouth of the
915:
1481:"National Register Information System"
1274:"National Register Information System"
1092:Schuylkill Canal – Navigation joining
634:with veteran Erie-Canal lock engineer
336:The Lehigh Canal on the south side of
238:Pennsylvania Canal's Delaware Division
20:
1541:HISTORY OF CARBON COUNTY PENNSYLVANIA
1445:
1433:
1147:and local usage shifted the names so
493:Main Street Bridge over the canal in
7:
2206:Native American archaeological sites
1556:Historic American Engineering Record
1486:National Register of Historic Places
1279:National Register of Historic Places
1250:Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company
1225:Delaware and Hudson Gravity Railroad
854:National Register of Historic Places
507:Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company
294:Lehigh Coal & Navigation Company
1001:List of canals in the United States
904:is maintained and operated by the
267:'s ascent as a central hub of the
263:. Both proved cornerstones of the
14:
585:, and supporting new industry in
316:loading at the loading chutes in
2248:
2239:
2238:
1758:
1751:
977:
965:
953:
937:
918:
403:and White's protégé and partner
259:, a vital input product used in
156:Upper ruined and abandoned: 1862
1544:. Harrisburg, PA: J. Nungesser.
831:reservoirs until the dam above
768:Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad
236:. In Easton, the canal met the
2275:Aqueducts in the United States
836:ceased operations, and it was
298:Mauch Chunk Switchback Railway
269:American Industrial Revolution
178:
1:
2201:European archaeological sites
1598:Lehigh Canal, Hokendauqua Dam
1079:– Another important American
1037:Chesapeake and Delaware Canal
774:The rail connection from the
664:of the Pennsylvania Canal in
609:system, a complex of canals,
312:featuring an illustration of
306:The February 1873 edition of
1188:The delay in completing the
613:and (eventually) railroads.
424:appropriate locks and dams.
208:that begins at the mouth of
172:Fitted stone, iron, and wood
18:United States historic place
2221:National Historic Landmarks
1436:, History of Carbon County.
675:, eight guard locks, eight
603:Delaware and Raritan Canals
164:Canvass White, Josiah White
2361:
1640:Lehigh Canal, Freemansburg
1605:Lehigh Canal, Guard Lock 5
1331:DELAWARE and LEHIGH CANALS
1031:Delaware and Raritan Canal
1027:- Another early coal canal
932:to determine tolls in 1873
840:'s last fully functioning
724:Allegheny Portage Railroad
705:Delaware and Raritan Canal
396:to fund more expeditions.
291:
2234:
1749:
1570:Lehigh Canal, Outlet Lock
1405:themselves, however. The
1221:Delaware and Hudson Canal
1087:Pennsylvania Canal System
1063:Delaware and Hudson Canal
1025:Delaware and Hudson Canal
732:Main Line of Public Works
654:Main Line of Public Works
443:British blockades in 1814
362:Summit Hill, Pennsylvania
318:Mauch Chunk, Pennsylvania
177:NRHP reference
56:
52:
43:
34:
27:
23:
1563:Lehigh Canal, Easton Dam
539:Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania
477:History of Carbon County
455:Lehigh Coal Mine Company
439:Jim Thorpe, Pennsylvania
194:Earliest October 2, 1978
169:Architectural style
1638:HAER No. PA-176, "
1633:Lehigh Canal, Slate Dam
1631:HAER No. PA-171, "
1624:HAER No. PA-165, "
1617:HAER No. PA-162, "
1610:HAER No. PA-160, "
1603:HAER No. PA-158, "
1596:HAER No. PA-153, "
1589:HAER No. PA-149, "
1582:HAER No. PA-140, "
1575:HAER No. PA-139, "
1568:HAER No. PA-136, "
1561:HAER No. PA-133, "
1538:Fred Brenckman (1884).
1039:– A canal crossing the
859:contributing structures
595:Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
344:in the mid-20th century
342:Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
2290:Canals in Pennsylvania
1723:Keeper of the Register
1558:(HAER) documentation:
498:
482:
417:
345:
329:
46:U.S. Historic district
2300:Canals opened in 1829
1738:National Park Service
1718:Contributing property
1626:Lehigh Canal, Lock 10
1619:Lehigh Canal, Lock 20
1612:Lehigh Canal, Lock 25
1591:Lehigh Canal, Lock 40
1584:Lehigh Canal, Lock 44
1509:National Canal Museum
1491:National Park Service
1399:and the Falls Creeks.
1284:National Park Service
1223:, which included the
1081:Industrial Revolution
906:National Canal Museum
797:incline plane railway
647:(100 km) of the
517:basin (primarily the
492:
335:
305:
133:40.76917°N 75.60361°W
65:Glendon, Pennsylvania
1663:Lehigh Canal history
1391:at the falls of the
1337:Easton, Pennsylvania
874:Federal architecture
703:. To the south, the
656:funded the promised
642:Further construction
617:Initial construction
525:Valley and mines in
519:Panther Creek Valley
475:Fredrick Brenckman,
63:The Lehigh Canal in
1515:on December 2, 2013
1385:Schuylkill location
535:Penn Haven Junction
447:joint-stock venture
261:manufacturing steel
138:40.76917; -75.60361
129: /
1178:North Philadelphia
1139:(valley) opposite
1041:Delmarva Peninsula
1006:Allegheny Aqueduct
880:Present activities
776:Pennsylvania Canal
607:Pennsylvania Canal
533:), connecting via
523:Nesquehoning Creek
499:
352:was discovered at
346:
330:
210:Nesquehoning Creek
154:upper: 1838-1843,
2262:
2261:
1728:Historic district
1397:Wissahickon Creek
1286:. March 13, 2009.
1176:neighborhoods in
1134:Little Schuylkill
1051:, connecting the
1043:in the states of
816:Schuylkill Valley
778:landing docks at
662:Delaware Division
435:Mauch Chunk Creek
360:near present-day
198:
197:
152:1818-1821; 24-27
2352:
2252:
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1762:
1755:
1754:
1697:
1690:
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1674:
1545:
1525:
1524:
1522:
1520:
1511:. Archived from
1501:
1495:
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1477:
1466:
1465:
1455:
1449:
1443:
1437:
1431:
1425:
1424:
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1410:
1403:Schuylkill Falls
1393:Schuylkill River
1381:
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1186:
1180:
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1156:
1130:
1124:
1121:
981:
969:
957:
941:
922:
759:and a number of
750:
749:
745:
480:
451:Schuylkill Canal
409:Schuylkill River
356:, a peak of the
244:, which allowed
232:and present-day
180:
144:
143:
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134:
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61:
21:
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2230:
2189:
2126:
1768:Lists by county
1763:
1757:
1756:
1752:
1747:
1706:
1701:
1552:
1537:
1534:
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1518:
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1498:
1493:. July 9, 2010.
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973:
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961:
958:
949:
942:
933:
923:
914:
882:
850:
825:
811:marshaling yard
782:to an assembly
747:
743:
742:
717:Allegheny Front
713:
644:
619:
487:
481:
474:
430:
314:anthracite coal
309:Harper's Weekly
300:
292:Main articles:
290:
285:
250:U.S. East Coast
246:anthracite coal
204:is a navigable
155:
153:
137:
135:
131:
128:
123:
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116:
115:
68:
48:
39:
30:
19:
12:
11:
5:
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2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2032:Northumberland
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
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1787:
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1765:
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1748:
1746:
1745:
1743:Property types
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1594:
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1573:
1566:
1551:
1550:External links
1548:
1547:
1546:
1533:
1530:
1527:
1526:
1505:"Lehigh Canal"
1496:
1467:
1450:
1438:
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1376:
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1289:
1264:
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1261:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1246:Erskine Hazard
1233:
1213:Wyoming Valley
1204:
1195:
1190:Delaware Canal
1181:
1157:
1125:
1115:
1114:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1107:
1101:
1090:
1084:
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1053:Chesapeake Bay
1034:
1028:
1022:
1011:Delaware Canal
1008:
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959:
952:
950:
943:
936:
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924:
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910:
881:
878:
849:
848:Modern history
846:
829:embankment dam
824:
821:
820:
819:
807:
801:Penobscot Knob
790:
712:
709:
689:Delaware River
658:Delaware Canal
649:Delaware River
643:
640:
618:
615:
527:Beaver Meadows
515:Delaware River
486:
483:
472:
429:
426:
405:Erskine Hazard
354:Sharp Mountain
326:roller coaster
289:
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281:
196:
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102:Delaware River
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2156:
2154:
2151:
2150:
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2146:
2144:
2141:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2133:
2131:Lists by city
2129:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
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2100:
2098:
2095:
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2015:
2013:
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1497:
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1462:
1454:
1451:
1447:
1442:
1439:
1435:
1430:
1427:
1422:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1407:Fairmount Dam
1404:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1383:Falls of the
1380:
1377:
1371:
1369:
1367:
1365:
1361:
1356:
1352:
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1280:
1275:
1269:
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1259:
1251:
1247:
1243:
1237:
1234:
1230:
1229:New York City
1226:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1208:
1205:
1199:
1196:
1191:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1175:
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1135:
1129:
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1054:
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1042:
1038:
1035:
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1012:
1009:
1007:
1004:
1002:
999:
997:
994:
993:
989:
980:
975:
968:
963:
956:
951:
947:
944:The canal in
940:
935:
931:
927:
921:
916:
911:
909:
907:
903:
899:
895:
891:
887:
879:
877:
875:
871:
870:Greek Revival
867:
862:
860:
855:
847:
845:
843:
839:
838:North America
834:
830:
822:
817:
812:
808:
806:
802:
798:
795:
794:Ashley Planes
791:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
772:
771:
769:
764:
762:
758:
754:
740:
735:
733:
729:
728:Canvass White
725:
721:
718:
710:
708:
706:
702:
701:New York City
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
669:
667:
663:
659:
655:
650:
641:
639:
637:
636:Canvass White
631:
629:
625:
624:Lehigh Valley
616:
614:
612:
608:
604:
600:
596:
592:
588:
584:
580:
576:
575:Lehigh Valley
572:
568:
564:
559:
555:
554:Bear Mountain
551:
547:
542:
540:
536:
532:
528:
524:
520:
516:
512:
508:
504:
496:
491:
484:
478:
471:
466:
464:
460:
456:
452:
449:to build the
448:
444:
440:
436:
427:
425:
421:
416:
412:
410:
406:
402:
397:
394:
390:
386:
382:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
343:
339:
338:Lehigh Street
334:
327:
323:
319:
315:
311:
310:
304:
299:
295:
288:Early history
287:
282:
280:
276:
274:
270:
266:
265:Lehigh Valley
262:
258:
253:
251:
247:
243:
242:Morris Canals
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
219:
218:Lehigh Valley
215:
211:
207:
203:
193:
191:Added to NRHP
189:
185:
182:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
151:
147:
142:
114:
110:
107:
103:
99:
96:
93:
89:
86:
82:
78:
75:
71:
66:
60:
55:
51:
47:
42:
38:
33:
26:
22:
16:
2225:Philadelphia
2148:Philadelphia
2112:Westmoreland
2042:Philadelphia
1540:
1519:November 23,
1517:. Retrieved
1513:the original
1508:
1499:
1484:
1460:
1453:
1441:
1429:
1420:
1414:
1379:
1332:
1329:
1292:
1277:
1268:
1236:
1207:
1198:
1184:
1160:
1149:Mount Pisgah
1128:
1119:
1098:Philadelphia
1077:Morris Canal
1057:Delaware Bay
1015:Lehigh River
886:Freemansburg
883:
866:Chain Bridge
863:
851:
826:
805:Mountain Top
765:
739:Lehigh Gorge
736:
714:
695:and through
693:Morris Canal
670:
645:
632:
628:Philadelphia
620:
543:
500:
497:in July 2015
495:Freemansburg
476:
468:
463:Lehigh River
459:Pisgah Ridge
431:
422:
418:
414:
401:Josiah White
398:
381:Philadelphia
378:
374:Lehigh River
366:pack animals
358:Pisgah Ridge
347:
322:Hauto Tunnel
307:
277:
254:
226:Pennsylvania
222:Northeastern
214:Lehigh River
202:Lehigh Canal
201:
199:
94:
88:Nesquehoning
84:
81:Pennsylvania
77:Lehigh River
29:Lehigh Canal
15:
2254:NRHP portal
2194:Other lists
2153:Center City
2077:Susquehanna
2027:Northampton
1333:, 158 pages
1174:Wissahickon
1104:Union canal
1071:navigations
833:White Haven
711:Upper canal
550:slack water
531:Black Creek
511:Coal Region
485:Lower canal
393:War of 1812
385:War of 1812
273:blue collar
224:regions of
136: /
112:Coordinates
92:White Haven
2269:Categories
2138:Pittsburgh
2102:Washington
2057:Schuylkill
2017:Montgomery
1962:Lackawanna
1942:Huntingdon
1892:Cumberland
1872:Clearfield
1346:0930973097
1260:References
1217:Erie Canal
1170:East Falls
1021:terminals.
926:Weigh lock
898:Jim Thorpe
761:reservoirs
720:escarpment
697:New Jersey
685:weigh lock
583:Wilmington
558:lift locks
529:and along
428:Background
350:anthracite
234:Jim Thorpe
124:75°36′13″W
121:40°46′09″N
98:Jim Thorpe
2178:Southwest
2168:Northwest
2163:Northeast
2143:Lancaster
1967:Lancaster
1952:Jefferson
1785:Armstrong
1780:Allegheny
1446:Brenckman
1434:Brenckman
1166:wire mill
1137:river gap
1067:canal age
1055:with the
946:Bethlehem
894:Allentown
890:Bethlehem
784:rail yard
681:aqueducts
597:with the
591:Allentown
571:acre-feet
546:wing wall
503:toll road
161:Architect
2244:Category
2072:Sullivan
2067:Somerset
1992:Lycoming
1972:Lawrence
1927:Franklin
1902:Delaware
1887:Crawford
1882:Columbia
1810:Bradford
1389:Welshmen
1355:89-25150
1193:Company.
1049:Maryland
1045:Delaware
990:See also
888:through
823:Collapse
780:Pittston
722:via the
679:and six
626:coal to
611:towpaths
567:spillway
473:—
257:pig iron
184:78002437
73:Location
2215:covered
2211:Bridges
2117:Wyoming
2092:Venango
2022:Montour
2007:Mifflin
1987:Luzerne
1977:Lebanon
1957:Juniata
1947:Indiana
1917:Fayette
1897:Dauphin
1877:Clinton
1867:Clarion
1845:Chester
1830:Cameron
1825:Cambria
1795:Bedford
1532:Sources
1141:Tamaqua
1094:Reading
948:in 1907
912:Gallery
842:towpath
746:⁄
691:to the
587:Bristol
579:Trenton
513:to the
389:England
283:History
216:in the
212:on the
100:to the
67:in 1979
2097:Warren
2062:Snyder
2052:Potter
2012:Monroe
2002:Mercer
1997:McKean
1982:Lehigh
1937:Greene
1932:Fulton
1922:Forest
1840:Centre
1835:Carbon
1820:Butler
1790:Beaver
1711:Topics
1353:
1343:
1143:. The
1019:Easton
930:scales
902:Easton
799:below
788:Ashley
666:Easton
599:Morris
563:Easton
479:(1884)
230:Easton
106:Easton
95:Lower:
85:Upper:
2173:South
2158:North
2107:Wayne
2087:Union
2082:Tioga
2037:Perry
1860:South
1855:North
1815:Bucks
1805:Blair
1800:Berks
1775:Adams
1242:White
1153:ridge
1111:Notes
928:with
757:locks
755:, 29
673:locks
565:were
206:canal
149:Built
2183:West
2122:York
2047:Pike
1912:Erie
1850:East
1521:2013
1351:LCCN
1341:ISBN
1244:and
1172:and
1145:USGS
1096:and
1047:and
872:and
792:The
753:dams
677:dams
601:and
593:and
581:and
370:arks
296:and
240:and
220:and
200:The
1907:Elk
892:to
786:in
561:to
541:.
340:in
179:No.
104:in
90:to
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