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854:, Charles's brother, and the founder of Methodism also preached at Leonard Stanley. On the afternoon of Sunday, 7 October 1739, he spoke for over two hours to a large crowd of about three thousand people ‘at Stanley on a little green near the town’. It is thought that this was the same spot from which his brother Charles spoke a few months earlier. A thunderstorm took place during the sermon, though apparently, the crowd was not deterred and stayed through to the end.
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Society and the church clergy who assembled there before a service at the church. The brick outline of the archway to the inn is still visible. At the other end of the row of cottages is Ivy
Cottage, an example of a clothiers cottage, dating from the late 16th or early 17th century. The only inn now remaining in the village is the White Hart which was first mentioned in 1740. Adjoining it and to the right is the old
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bought up land in and around
Leonard Stanley. The Grange, previously known as Townsend House, was the first stone-built house in the village and stands at the junction of The Street and Bath Road. It was built for the wealthy clothier Richard Clutterbuck and dates from 1583. In 1549, another wealthy clothier, John Sandford, purchased the estates of Leonard Stanley Priory which included Priory House Farm.
696:, July 15, and the second on November 6, St Leonard's Day. It has been suggested that whilst the collegiate part the church was dedicated to St. Leonard the parochial part had a separate dedication to St. Swithin. Though there is no clear evidence for this, or any dedication to St. Swithin, it could explain why the church is today known as St. Swithun's and why the saint's day was celebrated.
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631:, Godric and Wisnod, who it is thought may have been brothers. The settlement consisted of 25 households placing it, by size, in the top 40% in the country. By 1086, the Saxon lords had been dispossessed of their lands and Ralph de Berkeley appointed as Lord and chief tenant. Stanlege was a significant settlement lying within the administrative area of the
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848:, visited the village and preached beneath a large elm tree on Monday, 27 August 1739. The exact location of the elm tree is not recorded in his journal though oral tradition has it that the tree once stood at the junction of Church Road and Bath Road. This spot is known locally as Wesley's tump and a nearby road is named Wesley Road.
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classification was used in the county level tables covering 414 categories. This information is displayed as a table on the right of the page. The figures show that despite the loss of the cottage weaving industry in the village, textiles along with agriculture, and domestic service were the predominant occupations.
456:, the surrounding land is mainly given over to agricultural use. The village is made up of some 600 houses and has an estimated population of 1,545 as of 2019. The hamlet of Stanley Downton lies less than a mile to the north and lies within the parish. In 1970, the village was twinned with the commune of
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Prior to the census of 1801, population figures are estimations based on parish and other records. Between 1612 and 1712, additional information is available from resident lists. Some early surveys do exist. These include the 1087 record in
Domesday, and a record in 1327 of nine people being assessed
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used for the cleaning of cloth had been built near the complex of fishponds at Seven Waters. The main village was situated along The Street, a road running from the priory church to the Bath Road. Farming and the clothing industry were the main employment for the villagers. Wealthy clothing families
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The fire of 1686 caused considerable structural damage to the village but there was little, if any, loss of life. There must have been a financial impact on the community but how significant this was is unclear particularly as the population appears to have already been in a slight decline prior to
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In 1551, the last major outbreak of the disease known as the
Sweating Sickness struck England resulting in an estimated 15% reduction in the population. The Cotswolds was badly affected, and Leonard Stanley experienced a loss of 36.5%. Following this epidemic there was a slight recovery in numbers,
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Cottages. On the opposite side of the Bath Road, numbers 2 and 4 both date from the early 17th century. On Church Road, the houses now known as Church View and
Stoneleigh previously formed the Cross Keys Inn, first mentioned in 1707. The Inn was a meeting place for both the local Clothworkers
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It is also unclear what impact mechanisation of the clothing industry had, particularly with the opening of King's
Stanley Mills in 1813. King's Stanley Mills was initially water powered and later used steam powered looms. Whilst this must have significantly affected the cottage weavers, the mills
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Following the fire, some building work did occur. Church Farm was built in 1688 on Church Road. On the frontage are the initials “JS”, probably a later relative of John
Sandford who had bought the land in 1549. Grain and cloth were stored in the upper floors of the building. The oval windows
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Other houses suffered less severe damage. Lavender
Cottage and Yew Tree House, both standing near the corner of the village green, underwent extensive rebuilding in the 17th century suggesting they too had suffered some damaged from the fire. A few of the older buildings on The Street did survive
911:
Post war, the village underwent considerable change. The orchards and fields rapidly disappeared making way for new housing developments. With improvements in transport, together with social changes, villagers shopping habits also changed resulting in the closure of local shops. The last loaf of
861:
By this time significant technological improvements were being made in industrial mechanisation and transportation. After years of opposition by the mill owners, in July 1779 the
Stroudwater Navigation, a canal, opened linking Stroud to the River Severn. Mechanisation of the cloth making process
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The first census to report on how well people were housed was that of 1891, but the only statistics gathered were on the number of rooms and the number of people in each household. From 1951 onwards, more questions were asked about 'amenities', meaning specific facilities that households either
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The first census of 1801 divided the population into those 'chiefly employed in agriculture', those 'chiefly employed in trade, manufacturers or handicraft', and others. From 1841 onwards, information was gathered on each person's occupation forming a detailed data set. By 1881 a more organised
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eras, the Severn Valley was covered by dense forest. There is evidence of a small
Mesolithic community living in the area and a collection of surface flints has been discovered just to the northwest of Leonard Stanley on a forty-acre area of gravel. Finds include Mesolithic tools, scrapers, and
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bread was baked at the village bakery in the 1960s; two shops and the butchers closed during the 1970s; and, in the early 2000s, the Post Office and the village shop on Marsh Road were the last to close. In 2019, a new vending machine service opened at Church Farm selling locally made produce.
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In 1910, nearby Stonehouse had the benefit of being connected to a mains gas supply but, despite repeated requests by the parish, Leonard Stanley did not receive gas until 1926 and electricity until 1933. By now the main employment for the villagers was at the local mills, the Stonehouse brush
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What once had been described as a market town, "Leonard Stanley with its fairs and its weekly market, for some time the only one in the hundred, was formerly a centre of trade; it was described as a market-town in 1650. It declined in importance after the 17th century, and the beginning of the
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was founded in c.1130. As the village grew, Leonard Stanley developed into a busy weaving and agricultural centre with inns, a marketplace, and two annual fairs. Whilst agricultural usage continues, in recent years the village has become a dormitory village for the nearby towns and
891:, that made leather horse harnesses. The Wesleyan Chapel was extended to include a school room. Opposite the Lamb Inn at the corner of Marsh Road and Bath Road, Thomas Lidiatt, a local carpenter, founded an organ and harmonium building business which made some 40 church organs over the years.
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The census figures for 1801 records there were 590 villagers living in Leonard Stanley giving an overall estimated growth rate of 68% for the years between 1551 and 1801. This was considerably less than in the surrounding towns and villages with King's Stanley growing by 671% over the same
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possessed or had shared access to. Housing hadn't been an issue for Leonard Stanley since census' were first conducted; total housing flat lining from 1841 (earliest figures) 202 and a change between 1 - 2 houses from then until 1901 when there was a decline in housing, a drop to 193.
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The building now known as Tannery House was built in 1770 for the surgeon James Clutterbuck and is situated at the corner of Church Road and Bath Road. The nearby Brookside Cottage, dating from the late 17th century, was originally more than one dwelling that formed part of
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opening in Stroud in 1837, the village poor house became redundant and closed. Local transport improved with the opening of the Bristol to Gloucester railway in 1844. This rail link, with a station in Frocester, made it easier for transporting livestock to the Gloucester
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the following day. It was three years later, on 11 June 1538, that Henry sent an imperative request to the Abbot of Gloucester to recall the monks from Stanley St Leonard. The priory was dissolved and a ninety nine-year lease with an annual rent of £20 was granted to
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The last member of the Sandford family to live in the village died in 1765 with the estate passing on to Robert Timbrell of Kemble who had married a Miss Sandford. The vicarage was built in 1783 and a Wesleyan Chapel, offset slightly from The Street, opened in 1818.
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cell until its dissolution in 1538. Over the years the village became known by various names including Stanley St. Leonard, Stanley Monochorum and Monk's Stanley. In recent years it is sometimes known as Stanley St. Leonards but most commonly as Leonard Stanley.
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By 1632, in Stanley Downton, a corn mill was in operation on the southern channel of the river Frome. This was Stradlyngs or Lye's mill and by the early 18th century there were seven houses at Stanley Downton together with the Flag Inn built in 1700.
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at a level of 100 feet (30 m). The Bitton Brook runs northward towards the River Frome and forms a shallow combe in the north part of the parish. To the south the tip of the parish rises up to 650 feet (200 m) at Sandford's Knoll. A nature reserve,
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During the second world war there was an influx of new residents. This included children evacuated from cities for safety away from the bombing raids and members of the land army who assisted farmers with food production for the war effort. The
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but by 1676 there had been an overall decline of -8.9% to 319 villagers. By 1710, the Leonard Stanley had 90 houses and 400 inhabitants. The parish records, and census information provide a much more accurate picture from 1801 onwards.
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in Stonehouse produced armaments and provided additional employment resulting in the Stonehouse population nearly tripling over the war years. A number of those billeted in the village settled in the area after the war was over.
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The first village school opened in the early 1800s with 14 children attending. Some years later, the charity school joined with a new national school and the first modern school building opened in 1850 for 53 pupils. With a new
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Priory House Farm was rebuilt in the early 17th century replacing an earlier building on the same site. The owner, another John Sandford, made significant alterations in 1750 which included an imposing new façade with a carved
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of the Sandford coat-of-arms. Also of interest near the farmhouse is a brick privy dating from the 18th century. The privy is double seated and sited over a small stream, later to be sketched by Stanley Spencer.
1000:. The total ward population at the 2011 census was 3,960. Leonard Stanley is represented by the county councillor for Dursley division and the two district councillors for The Stanleys ward on Stroud District Council.
783:’ of 1688. Less than a sixth of the funds reached the village. This significantly impacted the community, and the village never fully recovered with the market house being in a state of dilapidation by the 1770s.
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The decline continued until 1951 when there was a rapid increase in housing, jumping to 229 and a larger jump to 365 in 1961. As of 2019 the village has an estimated population of 1,545 with 600 houses.
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711:. After staying at Gloucester Abbey, the king travelled to Leonard Stanley arriving there on 6 August 1535. After visiting the priory and staying overnight, he and his court then travelled on to
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settlement which included a villa. There is some evidence of the Romano-British occupation from the 3rd and 4th centuries in Leonard Stanley with small archeological finds near Seven Waters.
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Little of the money raised for rebuilding work ever reached Leonard Stanley. Most was diverted for other pressing needs created by the ongoing civil upheavals which eventually led to the ‘
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seen near the top of the gables were left unglazed to encourage owls to nest in the building. The owl windows were a method of pest control reducing the number of mice and rats.
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In the early afternoon of 23 March 1686, a catastrophic fire destroyed most of the wood-framed buildings to the west of The Street. The fire was such a significant event that
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It was after WW2 that the next significant population increase occurred. This coincided with the post war housing boom and new housing developments in the village.
776:. By the 16th century it had been extended into three houses which were attached. By 1559, part of the building included a thatched weaver's shop with two looms.
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in 1620. The market was held on Saturdays at the marketplace near, to what is now, the village green. The village held two annual fairs, one on the first Saturday after
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Rev Charles Swynnerton, antiquary and author. Vicar of Leonard Stanley 1912-1921 and largely responsible for the restoration work carried out on St. Swithun's church.
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652:. The new building was sited close to the old church on rising ground above Seven Waters, and building work began in c.1131. This included the construction of a
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GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, History of Leonard Stanley, in Stroud and Gloucestershire | Map and description, A Vision of Britain through Time.
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GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Leonard Stanley AP/CP through time | Housing Statistics | Total Houses, A Vision of Britain through Time.
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Several other new businesses opened in the village; The Lamb Inn on Marsh Road in 1863, the post office on the Bath Road in 1870, and a water powered
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issued an appeal for money for rebuilding work. Many villagers were affected and lost their homes, stables and possessions reducing them to poverty.
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would also have provided other opportunities for employment and the population rose to 861 by 1851 but fell to 651 by the 1911 census.
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book records the village name as Stanlege, a word derived from the Norse, meaning a stony forest or glade clearing. There were two
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House, Weavers Cottage, Vine Cottage and Chapel House. The Mercer's House, dating from 1392, was originally a single house of
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station, situated 3 miles (5 km) west of Leonard Stanley, provides further regular mainline train services to
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which served both as the collegiate church and parochial church for the village. The priory church is a grade 1
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By 1116 a small church dedicated to St. Leonard had been built and in c.1130, Roger de Berkeley, II, founded an
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Verey and Brooks The buildings of England Gloucestershire 1: The Cotswolds, 2002, Yale Press ISBN 9780300096040
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lodged in Leonard Stanley from 1939 to 1941 and the village inspired scenes in some of his famous artworks.
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for taxes. The diocese also carried out a census of communicants in the parish in the early 16th century.
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The parish is roughly triangular in shape. The northern boundary runs along the southern branch of the
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Hudson, Janet (February 1998). "Residence and Kinship in a Clothing Community: Stonehouse 1558-1804".
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Hudson, Janet (1998). "Residence and kinship in a clothing community : Stonehouse 1558-1804".
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signalled the end of the cottage weaving industry with the construction of Stanley Mills in 1813.
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Charles Wesley, The Journal of the Rev. Charles Wesley (London: Hutchinson & Co., 1849)
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By road, Junction 13 of the M5 lies 3 miles (5 km) northwest of the village.
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with a thriving cloth industry. The market house stood near the village green, and a
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cities. The last village shop and post office was not closed in the early 2000s.
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of Blacklowe which by 1220 had been incorporated into the larger hundred of
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Cadbury Research Library (2021). "Hand list to the British Organ Archive".
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David Verey Cotswold Churches, 2007, Nonsuch Publlishing ISBN 9781845880286
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Mills, Stephen (1991). "Leonard Stanley Tannery - A preliminary Report".
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building and remains in use today as the parish church of St. Swithun's.
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granted a charter for a weekly market which was subsequently renewed by
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Currently the village has an estimated population of 1,545 as of 2019.
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Historical Manuscripts Commission, 12th Report, Appendix 9: Gloucester
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Frocester. A Romano-British Settlement, its Antecedents and Successors
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Moore, J.S. (1993). "'Jack Fisher's 'flu, a visitation revisited'".
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Anne Orzen The Village of Leonard Stanley (Gloucestershire), 1980
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1202:"Leonard Stanley: Introduction | British History Online"
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Cotswold District Local Plan, Appendix 2, Key Wildlife Sites
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Gracie, H.S (1938). "Surface Flints from Leonard Stanley".
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Stroud Voices (Leonard Stanley filter) - oral history site
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http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10032570/theme/HOUS
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The Buildings of England. Gloucestershire 1: The Cotswolds
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The nearest coach services run from Stroud coach station.
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http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10032570/theme/IND
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and Stroud are on the Cheltenham to London mainline with
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and tools are available to assist in formatting, such as
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Dickenson, Jim (May 2012). "Hoffmann's shadow factory".
1238:. Gloucester and District Archeological Research Group.
1092:"Local Insight profile for 'Leonard Stanley CP' area"
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decline was later associated with the fire of 1686."
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in the Calvados region of Normandy, northern France.
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and 3.5 miles (5.5 km) southwest of the town of
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Swynnerton, Charles (1922). "Stanley St. Leonards".
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944:Population of Leonard Stanley & other Villages
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1424:Gloucestershire Society for Industrial Archaeology
1275:Bristol and Gloucestershire Archeological Society
1217:Bristol and Gloucestershire Archeological Society
772:frame timber construction, the beams filled with
1367:The Village of Leonard Stanley (Gloucestershire)
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1260:Domesday Book - First Folio - Gloucestershire
1019:, who died in 1934, is buried in the village.
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520:There is a regular bus service, operated by
35:, which are uninformative and vulnerable to
1572:Grace's Guide To British Industrial History
1134:. Yale University Press. pp. 444–447.
50:and maintains a consistent citation style.
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1017:Vice-Admiral Herbert Edward Holmes à Court
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1991:List of civil parishes in Gloucestershire
728:By the 1600s, Leonard Stanley was a busy
627:landowners or tenants at the time of the
92:Learn how and when to remove this message
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667:In 1146, the priory was appropriated by
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1481:. Yale University Press. p. 430.
488:The underlying geology of the area is
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1628:"Stanley Spencer in Leonard Stanley"
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988:The village falls in 'The Stanleys'
42:Please consider converting them to
1379:National Heritage List for England
14:
2229:Civil parishes in Gloucestershire
1309:Henry VIII the Reign - a new look
707:spent almost the entire month in
440:, 95 miles (150 km) west of
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1515:Stonehouse History Group Journal
1479:Gloucestershire 1: The Cotswolds
1294:A New History of Gloucestershire
992:. This ward runs east–west from
899:factory, and Dudbridge foundry.
825:today known as Rhymney Cottage.
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2143:Population of major settlements
543:providing a regular service to
535:The nearby railway stations of
1114:Leonard Stanley Parish Council
1034:Gloucestershire: the Cotswolds
971:Post War Housing Developments
492:that was laid down during the
471:Originally a Saxon village, a
46:to ensure the article remains
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1553:University of Bristol, Thesis
924:Population of Leonard Stanley
432:, is a village and parish in
2148:Parliamentary constituencies
883:Villagers' Occupations, 1811
2219:Villages in Gloucestershire
1477:Verey & Brooks (2002).
1170:"British Geological Survey"
452:escarpment overlooking the
177:OS grid reference
106:Human settlement in England
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2173:Grade II* listed buildings
1402:. Moody Press. p. 46.
1400:The Journal of John Wesley
684:In the early 14th century
1130:Verey and Brooks (2002).
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2168:Grade I listed buildings
1635:Stonehouse History Group
1606:"The Stanleys ward 2011"
1441:. Nonsuch. p. 147.
607:there was a significant
1568:"Stanley Mills, Stroud"
1324:(London, 1891), p. 444.
1292:Rudder, Samuel (1779).
1188:13 October 2013 at the
448:. Situated beneath the
1693:Parish Council website
1688:British History Online
1096:gloucestershire.gov.uk
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283:Postcode district
211:Ceremonial county
1761:Boroughs or districts
1754:South Gloucestershire
1679:at Wikimedia Commons
1464:Birmingham University
1437:Verey, David (2007).
1426:. 1991 Journal: 2–12.
1398:Wesley, John (1951).
1234:Price, Eddie (2000).
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1626:Hill, Peter (2014).
1365:Orzen, Anne (1980).
718:Sir William Kingston
261:Sovereign state
2178:Scheduled monuments
1804:(cities in italics)
1749:Unitary authorities
1296:. pp. 685–688.
1262:. 1087. p. 13.
866:Victorian to Modern
781:Glorious Revolution
724:Stuart and Georgian
720:in September 1538.
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408:51.7300°N 2.2858°W
349:UK Parliament
295:Dialling code
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2013:Warwickshire Avon
1978:Wotton-under-Edge
1802:Major settlements
1735:Ceremonial county
1675:Media related to
1439:Cotswold Churches
1307:Holinshed, Mark.
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889:tannery in c.1848
694:St. Swithin's Day
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990:electoral ward
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1116:. April 2018.
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29:This article
27:
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2063:Stroud Frome
2008:Bristol Avon
1989:
1986:
1875:
1669:
1650:
1638:. Retrieved
1634:
1621:
1609:. Retrieved
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1110:"Twin Towns"
1104:
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1027:Bibliography
1009:The painter
987:
978:
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68:Citation bot
30:
2078:Little Avon
2068:Hazel Brook
1903:Mitcheldean
1851:Cirencester
1640:24 February
949:the fire.
852:John Wesley
836:John Wesley
730:market town
705:Anne Boleyn
673:Benedictine
658:St. Leonard
647:Augustinian
586:During the
582:Prehistoric
505:River Frome
477:St. Leonard
454:Severn Vale
411: /
171:1,466
82:August 2022
2213:Categories
1973:Winchcombe
1963:Tewkesbury
1943:Stonehouse
1923:Northleach
1913:Nailsworth
1877:Gloucester
1846:Cinderford
1841:Churchdown
1826:Cheltenham
1793:Tewkesbury
1783:Gloucester
1768:Cheltenham
1540:: 280–307.
1343:: 108–173.
1245:0953791807
1062:References
984:Governance
916:Population
844:minister,
701:Henry VIII
603:At nearby
588:Mesolithic
561:Birmingham
551:stations.
545:Paddington
537:Stonehouse
530:Gloucester
526:Cheltenham
396:51°43′48″N
276:Stonehouse
237:South West
168:Population
48:verifiable
1987:See also:
1968:Thornbury
1938:Quedgeley
1928:Painswick
1883:Kingswood
998:Frocester
873:workhouse
842:Methodist
823:Parsonage
686:Edward II
639:.
637:Whitstone
605:Frocester
592:Neolithic
532:.
516:Transport
500:periods.
490:blue lias
399:2°17′09″W
333:Ambulance
271:Post town
33:bare URLs
2112:Windrush
2095:Swilgate
2048:Evenlode
1933:Patchway
1888:Lechlade
1866:Fairford
1856:Coleford
1811:Berkeley
1773:Cotswold
1611:31 March
1555:: 87–88.
1521:: 35–38.
1186:Archived
876:markets.
801:pediment
766:Mercer's
713:Berkeley
629:conquest
621:Domesday
498:Triassic
494:Jurassic
450:Cotswold
37:link rot
2198:Museums
2183:History
2153:Schools
2018:Bybrook
1958:Tetbury
1861:Dursley
1566:Grace.
1172:. 2015.
1158:. 1868.
963:Housing
937:period.
818:Tannery
690:James I
633:hundred
573:History
557:Bristol
438:England
380:England
253:England
247:Country
2138:Places
2126:Topics
2101:Thames
2089:Severn
2001:Rivers
1953:Stroud
1918:Newent
1893:Lydney
1871:Filton
1788:Stroud
1656:p. 292
1485:
1445:
1341:Thesis
1242:
1138:
1044:
662:listed
650:Priory
641:
615:Norman
473:priory
458:Dozulé
446:Stroud
442:London
357:Stroud
309:Police
229:Region
57:reFill
2158:SSSIs
2073:Leach
2038:Churn
2033:Chelt
1631:(PDF)
770:cruck
680:Tudor
625:Saxon
609:Roman
599:Roman
428:, or
299:01453
31:uses
2133:Flag
2107:Trym
2043:Coln
2023:Boyd
1983:Yate
1642:2021
1613:2015
1538:XLVI
1483:ISBN
1443:ISBN
1240:ISBN
1136:ISBN
1042:ISBN
840:The
703:and
590:and
559:and
547:and
528:and
496:and
321:Fire
288:GL10
65:and
2117:Wye
2083:Lyd
2053:Eye
2028:Cam
1738:of
1686:at
996:to
541:GWR
2215::
1633:.
1570:.
1517:.
1349:^
1329:^
1279:44
1277:.
1221:60
1219:.
1122:^
1112:.
1094:.
1081:^
563:.
436:,
375:UK
1726:e
1719:t
1712:v
1658:.
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1615:.
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1519:1
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1311:.
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1144:.
95:)
89:(
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80:(
76:.
74:)
70:(
63:)
59:(
39:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
