288:
officially as representatives of the
International Association. The International Working Men’s Congress was in itself a peace congress, as the union of the working classes of the different countries must ultimately make international wars impossible. If the promoters of the Geneva Peace Congress really understood the question at issue they ought to have joined the International Association.
28:
352:"Whereas the question which presents itself most urgently to us is that of the economic and social equalization of classes and individuals, Congress affirms that, apart from this equalization, that is to say outside the justice, freedom and peace are not achievable. Accordingly, Congress puts on the agenda the study of practical means of resolving this issue."
368:
The Bern
Congress was nearly the last. The central committee, one of whose main tasks was to prepare the next meeting of the League, performed its mission very poorly and it was the Geneva committee which had to take the initiative for the 3rd Congress. On July 11, 1869, the Lausanne congress saw the
287:
While the balloting was going on, Citizen Marx called attention to the Peace
Congress to be held in Geneva. He said: It was desirable that as many delegates as could make it convenient should attend the Peace Congress in their individual capacity; but that it would be injudicious to take part
304:, who was in the chair, stood up, advanced a few steps and embraced him. This solemn meeting of two old and tried warriors of the revolution produced an astonishing impression .... Everyone rose and there was a prolonged and enthusiastic clapping of hands.
125:
at the initiative of Sellon's account, who then founded the "Société de la Paix de Genève". Jean-Jacques de Sellon started from the principle of the inviolability of the human person, which led him first to lead a campaign for the
389:
read a speech which ended with the famous tirade: "children to say to themselves: a uniform is a livery, and any livery is ignominious, that of the priest and that of the soldier, that of the magistrate and that of the lackey."
283:, to attend the Congress. They decided to postpone the opening of the Congress until September 9, so as to enable delegates of the Lausanne Congress of the IWMA (to be held on September 2–8) to take part.
324:
The Bern congress was mainly marked by lively debates during the discussion on "the relationship of the economic and social question with that of peace and freedom", between the democratic majority (
696:
356:
At the end of the discussions this resolution was rejected by the congress. On
September 25, the socialist minority decided to quit the League for Peace and Freedom and to create the
70:
could not be prevented so the league dissolved and refounded as the 'Société française pour l'arbitrage entre nations' (League of arbitration between the
Nations) in the same year.
706:
691:
296:
also played a prominent role in the Geneva
Conference, and joined the Central Committee. The founding conference was attended by 6,000 people. As Bakunin rose to speak:
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357:
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from
September 21 to 25, 1868. Invited to be officially represented there, the International Workingmen's Association (IWA) decided a few days earlier, at its
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373:. He proposed the following discussion program: determining the bases of a federal organization for Europe, the problems of the
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225:(French: Ligue internationale de la paix et de la liberte) was originally planned for September 5, 1867 in
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82:
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in relation to the principles of the League. The committee decided to offer the honorary presidency to
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Other notable supporters included contemporary activists, revolutionaries, and intellectuals such as
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207:. On May 30, 1867, Frédéric Passy founded the International League of Peace and Freedom in Paris.
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253:
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51:
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Sandi E. Cooper (1991). "Pacifism in France, 1889-1914: International Peace as a Human Right".
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385:, who officially accepted in a letter of September 5, 1869. It was during this congress that
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138:, then to devote himself to propaganda in favor of peace and arbitration between nations.
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272:. Ten thousand people from across Europe signed petitions in support of the Congress.
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97:. The establishment of the Permanent Court of Arbitration was also set up by the
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161:
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The year 1867 was marked by strong international tension, after the victory of
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510:
55:
637:
615:
Les parlementaires de la Seine sous la Troisième République: Etudes, Volume 1
301:
280:
578:
Brunet, Martine (2011). "L'unité d'une vie". In
Ferdinand Buisson (ed.).
157:
579:
233:
set up the League's
Organising Committee, which enlisted the support of
46:) was created after a public opinion campaign against a war between the
131:
497:
313:
The second congress of the League of Peace and
Freedom took place in
279:(IWMA), inviting the sections of the IWMA and its leaders, including
226:
150:
122:
584:. Collection Libres pensées protestante. Théolib. p. 119-170.
489:
619:
165:
26:
314:
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Bakunin's idea of revolution & revolutionary organisation
410:. The Society of Arbitration between Nations prefigured the
348:, etc.). The Socialists presented the following resolution:
117:. Several people from various countries meet between the
199:, led a campaign against this war, as did, for example,
168:
from August 22 to 24, 1849. Next came the congresses in
113:
The first "Society of Peace" was created in 1830 by
402:of 1870, then was re-founded under the name of the
141:The first European Peace Congress, convened by the
622:: Publications de la Sorbonne. 2001. p. 455.
75:Société française pour l'arbitrage entre nations
350:
300:the cry passed from mouth to mouth: "Bakunin!"
697:International arbitration courts and tribunals
408:French Society for Arbitration between Nations
369:election of a new central committee headed by
275:They also counted on the participation of the
517:. St. Martin's Press: New York, 2006. p. 178.
358:International Alliance of Socialist Democracy
328:, Friborg, etc.) and the socialist minority (
8:
452:"Gustave Moynier et les sociétés de la Paix"
101:that Frédéric Passy founded together with
692:Peace organisations based in Switzerland
456:International Committee of the Red Cross
656:Gustave Moynier and the peace societies
442:
62:was peacefully resolved in 1867 by the
707:International Workingmen's Association
662:, no 314, p. 532–550 (31-10-1996)
277:International Workingmen's Association
191:and Prussia were on the verge of war.
660:International Review of the Red Cross
7:
203:, director of the Nantes newspaper
677:1867 establishments in Switzerland
416:Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907
404:French Society of Friends of Peace
321:, not to send a delegation there.
77:can be seen as a precursor of the
25:
702:Organizations established in 1867
450:Durand, André (30 October 1996).
172:in 1850, then in London in 1851.
31:Bakunin's membership card of the
398:The league disappeared with the
85:in 1899, and a precursor of the
40:Ligue internationale de la paix
18:Ligue internationale de la paix
432:List of anti-war organizations
412:Permanent Court of Arbitration
221:The Inaugural Congress of the
79:Permanent Court of Arbitration
1:
530:Bakunin: The Creative Passion
515:Bakunin: The Creative Passion
418:. It published the magazine
364:The Lausanne Congress (1869)
93:in 1919 and followed by the
562:Workers Solidarity Movement
223:League of Peace and Freedom
217:Congress of Peace in Geneva
44:League of Peace and Freedom
33:League of Peace and Freedom
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581:Souvenirs et autres Ă©crits
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160:in 1848 then – chaired by
478:French Historical Studies
211:Inaugural Congress (1867)
145:on the initiative of the
99:Inter-Parliamentary Union
81:, founded with the first
566:Red and Black Revolution
420:United States of Europe
156:A congress was held in
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147:American Peace Society
115:Jean-Jacques de Sellon
83:Hague Peace Conference
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103:William Randal Cremer
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537:. pp. 200–202.
527:Leier, Mark (2006).
309:Bern Congress (1868)
205:Le Phare de la Loire
143:London Peace Society
91:Treaty of Versailles
48:Second French Empire
535:Seven Stories Press
406:, which became the
400:Franco-Prussian war
185:Austro-Prussian War
89:, founded with the
68:Franco-Prussian War
568:No.6, Winter 2002.
334:Walery Mroczkowski
254:Giuseppe Garibaldi
241:, and his brother
52:Kingdom of Prussia
36:
591:978-2-36500-150-2
544:978-1-58322-894-4
387:Ferdinand Buisson
319:Brussels Congress
170:Frankfurt am Main
87:League of Nations
60:Luxembourg crisis
16:(Redirected from
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235:John Stuart Mill
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414:created by
394:Dissolution
383:Victor Hugo
371:Jules Barni
266:Jules Favre
258:Louis Blanc
250:Victor Hugo
243:Élie Reclus
162:Victor Hugo
671:Categories
629:2859444327
600:1017608270
511:Mark Leier
438:References
56:Luxembourg
682:Karl Marx
638:718619156
302:Garibaldi
281:Karl Marx
153:in 1843.
149:, met in
128:abolition
105:in 1889.
426:See also
377:and the
197:Le Temps
158:Brussels
134:and the
50:and the
183:in the
181:Austria
177:Prussia
132:slavery
109:History
658:. In:
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498:286462
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461:10 May
268:, and
227:Geneva
189:France
151:London
123:Geneva
58:. The
620:Paris
494:JSTOR
179:over
166:Paris
164:– in
54:over
634:OCLC
624:ISBN
596:OCLC
586:ISBN
539:ISBN
463:2021
315:Bern
121:and
73:The
38:The
564:in
486:doi
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130:of
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