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on modes of transport entering the city, therefore representing a fiscal and legal as well as physical limit to the city. The suburbs inside of the walls were thus taxed at a higher rate than those outside the walls even before their formal incorporation into the city in 1850. One consequence of
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Walter Blasi, Franz Sauer: Die
Kuruzzenschanze zwischen Petronell und Neusiedl am See. In: Bundesdenkmalamt (publ.): Fundberichte aus Österreich - Materialhefte. Reihe A, Sonderheft 19 (FÖMat A/Sonderheft 19), Berger & Söhne, Vienna, 2012. ISSN 1993-1271 (false ISSN-number, correct ISSN
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had become militarily obsolete, Vienna was growing at a rapid rate. As railway and road construction kept pace with this growth, eventually the space occupied by the fortifications was replaced with transportation facilities. For example, in 1846 the terminus for the
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were removed in March 1894, leaving behind a very wide belt around the city. Starting in 1895 this area was filled with a second ring road as well as the viaduct for the Vienna
Metropolitan Railway, which is how the area remains today.
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was built at each of the 18 city gates. These chapels were intended to provide a place for all travellers to and from the city to pray or hear mass at the city limit. The only remaining chapel still in its original position is the
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All of the residents of Vienna and its suburbs between the age of 18 and 60 years old were required to work (or provide a replacement worker) on the fortifications, which consisted of a zigzagging, palisade-reinforced, earthen
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Wien seit 60 Jahren. Zur
Erinnerung an die Feier der 60jährigen Regierung Seiner Majestät des Kaisers Franz Josef I. der Jugend Wiens gewidmet von dem Gemeinderate ihrer Heimatstadt. Gerlach & Wiedling, Vienna, 1908, p.
294:. On 18 December 1890 the decision was made to incorporate the remaining outlying suburbs from 1 January 1892. This decision rendered the fortifications as a duty control limit obsolete. The remainders of the
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or outlying places (today’s 10th through 19th districts, incorporated 1892). The most important arterial roads entered the city via drawbridges and gates; each of these locations additionally included a
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252:) right outside of the wall (dubbed the "Holy Roman Empire’s biggest pub") who took advantage of the lower taxes to sell food and drinks at a significantly cheaper rate.
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In 1874, the unincorporated parts of the 3rd, 4th, and 5th districts that lay outside of the wall were incorporated as a new 10th district,
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226:, but it did discourage raids by the aforementioned Kuruc. It did, however, protect dangerous revolutionary rabble during
43:, that lay between the city’s suburbs and outlying villages. Constructed in 1704, it was razed in 1894 to make way for the
103:. Construction was completed in only four months. In 1738, the earthworks were reinforced with a layer of bricks.
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From 1829 on, the walls (specifically the gates leading into the city) primarily served as a location to charge a
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Otto
Antonia Graf: Otto Wagner. Band 1: Das Werk des Architekten 1860–1902. 2nd edn., Böhlau, Vienna etc., 1994,
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at the border between the 2nd and 20th districts, but it has been moved a few metres from its original position.
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rebels). It was part of a defensive line that followed the Austro-Hungarian border as delineated by the
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391:, S. 253 (Schriften des Instituts fĂĽr Kunstgeschichte. Akademie der Bildenden KĂĽnste Wien. 2, 1).
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was built outside of
Mariahilfer Gate. From 1862 to 1873, the first part of the ring roads (the
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helped a group of 2,600 Viennese residents along with 150 students repel an attack by the Kuruc.
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or suburbs (today’s 3rd through 9th districts, incorporated into Vienna in 1850) from the
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Der Wiener
Linienwall aus historischer, topographischer und archäologischer Sicht
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In the area of a former cattle market in the Sankt Marx area of the 3rd
District.
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in 1898. A replacement chapel was built at this time which now stands near the
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this was the establishment of a great number of restaurants and hotels in the
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on a 1790 map; part of the first comprehensive survey of the lands of the
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A foreign army never seriously tested the military utility of the
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from legitimate government forces attempting to restore order.
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429:. Wien Archäologisch 9. Stadtarchäologie Wien, Vienna, 2012,
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mentioned above) was built directly outside of the walls.
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One of the chapels was removed during the construction of
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was the outer line of the fortifications for the city of
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district. There is also an original chapel dedicated to
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Der Wiener
Linienwall. Vom Schutzbau zur Steuergrenze
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between the viaduct for the railway (now part of the
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425:Ingrid Mader, Ingeborg Gaisbauer, Werner Chmelar:
106:The fortifications encircled the suburbs from the
273:was built right outside the Belvedere Gate at
338:In the 3rd district along the tracks for the
330:Chapel, there are only a few sections of the
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542:1704 establishments in the Holy Roman Empire
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279:(South Station). In 1858 another station,
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29:fortification (by August Stefan Kronstein)
552:1894 disestablishments in Austria-Hungary
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260:By the mid-19th century, long after the
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16:Vienna's outer fortification (1704-1894)
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547:18th-century establishments in Austria
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522:Buildings and structures in Vienna
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457:Wieden Provincial Museum – the
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557:Military history of Vienna
186:Johannes Nepomuk am Tabor
167:Between 1740 and 1760, a
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55:The construction of the
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59:was begun by order of
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472:(version from the
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131:where a toll, the
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516:Categories
489:16°22′41″E
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468:Linienwall
459:Linienwall
409:Literature
361:References
332:Linienwall
313:Linienwall
296:Linienwall
276:SĂĽdbahnhof
262:Linienwall
240:Liniengeld
224:Linienwall
182:Margareten
153:Linienwall
142:Linienwall
134:Liniengeld
116:Lichtental
57:Linienwall
36:Linienwall
27:Linienwall
292:Favoriten
235:road toll
210:known as
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342:between
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73:Habsburg
67:and the
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315:by the
256:Removal
180:in the
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124:Vororte
97:rampart
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285:GĂĽrtel
237:, the
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169:chapel
85:Leitha
83:, and
77:Danube
319:near
101:ditch
81:March
69:Kuruc
65:Turks
431:ISBN
385:ISBN
269:and
33:The
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