63:
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Most
Norwegian fortresses were constructed in the period of intense competition among the Baltic powers (Denmark-Norway, Sweden, Russia, Poland and the German states) for northern supremacy. The 16th, 17th and beginning of the 18th Century was a period of virtually continuous war or preparation for
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Fortifications evolved to accommodate the offensive threat which they guard against. Early castles provided a strong defense against the attack of the day, and were normally taken by duplicity or siege. In the age of black powder, cannon allowed breaching of the fortress walls and subsequent taking
183:
was then
Norwegian (as they had been for all recorded history). All powers interested in Baltic trade, or otherwise forced to pass through waters controlled by Denmark, had a strong interest in breaking Denmark’s control and lifting the
83:
to allow cannon within the fortress to be effective while protecting the walls and defenders from external attack. This evolution of technology continued into the 20th century as weaponry continued to evolve.
992:
665:
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that
Denmark levied for passage through the Øresund. Hence the naval trading powers, particularly Holland and England, contributed to the Northern unrest of the period.
1007:
43:
have been constructed from some of the earliest recorded periods, down through the 20th century. The geography and topography of glacially carved, mountainous
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resulted in a 1668 triple alliance of
England, Holland and Sweden. This alliance worked to Sweden’s favor when treaties were negotiated.
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constrain both the sea and the land routes which an aggressor must follow. Natural strong-points, such as rock outcroppings at
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And the larger political balance in Europe can not be forgotten. As one example, the danger of French domination under
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by storm. As a result, fortresses changed form, now incorporating design features like the
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527:(in Norwegian). Vol. 1. Alta: Municipality of Alta. pp. 97–98.
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make excellent bases for fortification (i.e., natural fortresses).
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In 1600 Denmark controlled virtually all land bordering on the
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The
Struggle for Supremacy in the Baltic: 1600-1725
571:by Jill Lisk; Funk & Wagnalls, New York, 1967
524:Altas historie (De glemte århundrene 1520-1826)
659:
8:
619:Christiansfjeld Fortress on digital archives
993:Lists of buildings and structures in Norway
88:Historical context for Norwegian fortresses
666:
652:
644:
513:
1008:Lists of tourist attractions in Norway
361:The Age of Black Powder (1600 - 1900)
7:
214:The Castle Period (1600 and earlier)
171:). The current Swedish provinces of
25:
581:; Longman, Harlow, England; 2000
998:Norwegian military-related lists
179:were Danish and the province of
558:; Universitetsforlaget; 1987;
291:Mjøskastellet on Steinsholmen.
1:
521:Nielsen, Jens Petter (1990).
575:The Northern Wars, 1558-1721
18:List of Norwegian Fortresses
29:For castles in Norway, see
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167:and the restricted Sound (
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31:List of castles in Norway
412:Christiansfjeld Fortress
287:Kirkwall Bishop's Palace
674:List of forts in Europe
433:Christiansholm Fortress
109:Nordic Seven Years' War
722:Bosnia and Herzegovina
237:Sunnfjord Municipality
138:Fortification Upgrades
67:
444:Kristiansten Fortress
372:Fredriksholm Fortress
367:Fredriksberg fortress
318:Stjørdal Municipality
304:Oslo Kongsgård estate
65:
604:Fredrikstad Fortress
439:Christiansø Fortress
397:Kongsvinger Fortress
387:Fredriksten Fortress
382:Fredrikstad Fortress
353:Valkaberg castle in
309:Oslo Bishop's Palace
209:Norwegian fortresses
37:Norwegian fortresses
938:States with limited
624:Oscarsborg Fortress
487:Oscarsborg Fortress
422:Munkholmen Fortress
314:Steinvikholm Castle
609:Trondheim Fortress
243:Bergenhus Fortress
150:Great Northern War
68:
975:
974:
634:Meløyvær Fortress
599:Akershus Fortress
552:Norges festninger
497:Meløyvær Fortress
482:Odderøya Fortress
461:Modern fortresses
450:Altenhus Fortress
428:Staverns Fortress
346:Vardøhus Fortress
341:Tønsberg Fortress
220:Akershus Fortress
204:Twentieth century
199:Union with Sweden
121:Thirty Years' War
98:Baltic Power Wars
66:Akershus Fortress
16:(Redirected from
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680:Sovereign states
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472:Helgøya Fortress
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988:Forts in Norway
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957:Northern Cyprus
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854:North Macedonia
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614:Blaker Fortress
595:
579:Robert I. Frost
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520:
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407:Blaker Fortress
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148:1700 to 1721 –
142:1675 to 1679 –
136:1673 to 1675 –
130:1655 to 1658 –
119:1618 to 1648 -
113:1611 to 1613 -
107:1563 to 1570 -
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1003:Lists of forts
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929:United Kingdom
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742:Czech Republic
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629:Hegra Fortress
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593:External links
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502:Møvik Fortress
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492:Trondenes Fort
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467:Hegra Fortress
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435:(Kristiansand)
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402:Basmo Fortress
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350:Valdisholmborg
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295:Olsborg Castle
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258:Båhus Fortress
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144:Gyldenløve War
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41:fortifications
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962:South Ossetia
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814:Liechtenstein
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556:Guthorm Kavli
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967:Transnistria
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551:
546:Bibliography
523:
516:
477:Kvarven Fort
392:Fredriksværn
376:Kristiansand
262:Dyngehus in
190:
154:
132:Northern War
125:Hannibal War
101:
69:
36:
35:
26:
940:recognition
914:Switzerland
849:Netherlands
446:(Trondheim)
424:(Trondheim)
332:Sverresborg
323:Sverresborg
282:Fredrikstad
251:Broberg in
982:Categories
884:San Marino
844:Montenegro
824:Luxembourg
804:Kazakhstan
707:Azerbaijan
639:Møvik Fort
534:8299465206
508:References
334:Castle in
325:Castle in
271:Castle in
186:Sound Dues
165:Store Bælt
123:(See also
115:Kalmar War
93:Civil Wars
819:Lithuania
327:Trondheim
229:Audunborg
193:Louis XIV
157:Skagerrak
57:Trondheim
947:Abkhazia
899:Slovenia
894:Slovakia
869:Portugal
727:Bulgaria
299:Bohuslen
269:Hamarhus
264:Bohuslen
253:Bohuslen
181:Båhuslen
161:Kattegat
53:Tønsberg
924:Ukraine
874:Romania
834:Moldova
792:Ireland
787:Iceland
782:Hungary
772:Germany
767:Georgia
757:Finland
752:Estonia
747:Denmark
732:Croatia
717:Belgium
712:Belarus
702:Austria
697:Armenia
692:Andorra
687:Albania
416:Elverum
278:Isegran
177:Halland
169:Øresund
77:ravelin
73:bastion
952:Kosovo
919:Turkey
909:Sweden
889:Serbia
879:Russia
864:Poland
859:Norway
839:Monaco
809:Latvia
777:Greece
762:France
737:Cyprus
585:
562:
531:
336:Bergen
247:Bergen
103:war:
81:glacis
79:, and
49:Halden
45:Norway
904:Spain
829:Malta
799:Italy
273:Hamar
233:Ålhus
173:Skåne
583:ISBN
560:ISBN
529:ISBN
454:Alta
355:Oslo
297:in
235:(in
224:Oslo
175:and
55:and
577:by
554:by
316:in
280:in
245:in
231:in
222:in
39:or
984::
163:,
159:,
75:,
51:,
667:e
660:t
653:v
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414:(
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374:(
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33:.
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
