45:
413:. This service, liturgy, or ministry (from the Latin "ministerium") is a duty for Christians as a priestly people by their baptism into Christ and participation in His high priestly ministry. It is also God's ministry or service to the worshippers. It is a reciprocal service. As such, many Christian churches designate one person who participates in the worship service as the liturgist. The liturgist may read announcements, scriptures, and calls to worship, while the minister preaches the sermon, offers prayers, and blesses sacraments. The liturgist may be either an ordained minister or a lay person. The entire congregation participates in and offers the liturgy to God.
362:
44:
261:
113:
384:, a distinction is made between "liturgical" and "non-liturgical" churches based on how elaborate or formal the worship; in this usage, churches whose services are unscripted or improvised are called "non-liturgical". Others object to this distinction, arguing that this terminology obscures the universality of public worship as a religious phenomenon. Thus, even the
335:
396:
is liturgical, since the waiting itself until the Holy Spirit moves individuals to speak is a prescribed form of Quaker worship, sometimes referred to as "the liturgy of silence". Typically in
Christianity, however, the term "the liturgy" normally refers to a standardised order of events observed
408:
The term "liturgy" in Greek literally means to "work for the people", but a better translation is "public service" or "public work", as made clear from the origin of the term as described above. The early
Christians adopted the word to describe their principal act of worship, the Sunday service
405:; usually the former is the referent. In the ancient tradition, sacramental liturgy especially is the participation of the people in the work of God, which is primarily the saving work of Jesus Christ; in this liturgy, Christ continues the work of redemption.
211:, the State, and during Rome's domination, the Roman Imperial authorities as "gifts" to the state and the people. Their performance became obligatory in the course of the 3rd century AD, as a form of taxation. The holder of a Hellenic
215:
was not taxed a specific sum, but was assigned to subsidise a particular ritual, which could be performed with greater or lesser generosity or magnificence. The chief sphere remained that of civic religion, embodied in the festivals:
1070:
535:
varies from two to four according to the time of day or other circumstances (such as Friday congregational worship, which has two rakats). Prayer is obligatory for all
Muslims except those who are
316:. Depending on what practice the practitioner wishes to undertake, it can be done at a temple or at home. The liturgy is almost always performed in front of an
1085:
1038:
1004:
275:
in nearly every traditional denomination and sect in the
Buddhist world. It is often done one or more times a day and can vary among the
246:) and imperial obligations such as highway, bridge and aqueduct repair, supply of various raw materials, and feeding troops in transit.
727:
706:
986:
926:
409:(referred to by various terms, including Holy Eucharist, Holy Communion, Mass or Divine Liturgy), which they considered to be a
813:- "2.a. A form of public worship, esp. in the Christian Church; a collection of formularies for the conduct of Divine service."
1054:
587:
to pray once daily, as they are generally exempted from obligations that are time dependent. All public prayer requires a
109:", refers to a formal ritual enacted by those who understand themselves to be participating in an action with the divine.
393:
193:
In origin, it signified the often expensive offerings wealthy Greeks made in service to the people, and thus to the
1090:
1043:
224:' day there were at least 97 liturgical appointments in Athens for the festivals, rising to 118 in a (quadrennial)
49:
795:
732:
737:
228:." Groups of rich citizens were assigned to subsidise civic amenities and even warships. Eventually, under the
177:
38:
242:
included a wide range of expenses having to do with civic infrastructure and amenities; festivals and games (
800:
347:
203:, the rich carried a financial burden and were correspondingly rewarded with honours and prestige. Specific
361:
699:
505:
234:
366:
575:, the traditional Jewish prayer book. In general, Jewish men are obligated to pray three times a day
225:
117:
1023:
631:
753:
630:(מִנְחָה), the afternoon prayers named for the flour offering that accompanied sacrifices at the
975:
Eucharistic
Consecration in the First Four Centuries and Its Implications for Liturgical Reform
982:
922:
608:
329:
272:
876:, Liturgy, Worship and Society Series (Aldershot, England and Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2005).
808:
238:, devolved into a competitive and ruinously expensive burden that was avoided when possible.
742:
717:
402:
255:
135:
748:
712:
443:
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and usually performed five times a day. It consists of the repetition of a unit called a
448:
426:
763:
722:
664:
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536:
343:
291:
169:
268:
Buddhist liturgy is a formalized service of veneration and worship performed within a
1079:
461:
165:
991:
789:
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540:
497:
381:
229:
217:
182:, which means "work or service for the people" is a literal translation of the two
83:
112:
668:
260:
221:
187:
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form of λαός ("people, public"), and ἔργον, "ergon", meaning "work, service".
1018:
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544:
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87:
1033:
758:
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410:
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71:
67:
31:
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569:. These prayers, often with instructions and commentary, are found in the
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469:
453:
106:
355:
280:
269:
17:
525:) consisting of prescribed actions and words. The number of obligatory (
660:
566:
501:
374:
59:
745:(Liturgy to Nintud) — Sumerian clay tablet written as early as 2600 BC
959:
Jones, Cheslyn, Geoffrey
Wainwright, and Edward Yarnold, eds. (1978)
768:
642:
622:
588:
576:
571:
562:
430:
339:
306:
98:
79:
75:
968:
A Challenging Reform: Realizing the Vision of the
Liturgical Renewal
583:. while, according most modern Orthodox authorities, women are only
1059:
655:
517:
489:
434:
422:
360:
333:
312:
296:
259:
195:
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111:
43:
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and accompanied by offerings of light, incense, water, and food.
527:
512:
954:
Worship in the Early Church: an
Anthology of Historical Sources
885:
Catechism of the
Catholic Church 1069 (London: Chapman, 1994).
493:
91:
30:"Liturgist" redirects here. For the academic discipline, see
66:
can also be used to refer specifically to public worship by
1048:
156:
147:
1064:
153:
565:
recitations that form part of the observance of
Rabbinic
141:
594:
Traditionally, three prayer services are recited daily:
90:. It forms a basis for establishing a relationship with
895:
Multicultural Handbook of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics
488:) is the practice of physical and compulsory prayer in
27:
Customary public worship performed by a religious group
863:(London: Bradford and Dickens, 1938), pp. 3–19.
994:. Quaker Information Center, Philadelphia, PA, 2004.
150:
144:
138:
659:(מוּסָף, "additional") is traditionally recited on
788:
70:. As a religious phenomenon, liturgy represents a
912:Reforming the Liturgy: a Response to the Critics
97:Technically speaking, liturgy forms a subset of
8:
476:
1065:Eastern Orthodox Christian Liturgy Website
897:, p. 43, Aruna Thaker, Arlene Barton, 2012
684:(נְעִילָה, "closing"), is recited only on
934:The Reform of the Liturgy 1948–1975
591:, a quorum of 10 adults, to be present.
504:is indicated by its status as one of the
1071:A Brief Exposition of the Divine Service
780:
310:(especially in Vajrayana), and several
232:, such obligations, known to Romans as
1049:Contemporary Christian Liturgy Website
164:), derived from the technical term in
74:response to and participation in the
7:
919:Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
809:participating institution membership
397:during a religious service, be it a
477:
447:
186:λήϊτος, "leitos", derived from the
105:, sometimes equated in English as "
1055:The Indult Tridentine Rite of Mass
1039:Orthodox Tradition and the Liturgy
828:Greek, Roman and Byzantine Studies
728:Divine Service (Eastern Orthodoxy)
707:The Book of Common Worship of 1993
58:is the customary public ritual of
25:
947:Words and Gestures in the Liturgy
134:
62:performed by a religious group.
496:, which is the Arabic word for
401:service or a service of public
318:object or objects of veneration
290:The liturgy mainly consists of
50:Ukrainian Greek Orthodox Church
116:Benedictine Monks praying the
78:through activities reflecting
1:
1086:Christian worship and liturgy
1034:Catholic Encyclopedia article
952:Johnson, Lawrence J., (2009)
910:Baldovin, John F., SJ (2008)
646:(מַעֲרִיב), from "nightfall".
577:within specific time ranges (
82:, thanksgiving, remembrance,
1044:Jewish Encyclopedia: Liturgy
1024:Resources in other libraries
365:Wedding ceremony inside the
973:Scotland, N. A. D. (1989).
921:. Oxford University Press.
483:
470:
454:
199:and the state. Through the
1107:
992:"What Do Quakers Believe?"
932:Bugnini, Annibale, (1990)
874:The Liturgies of Quakerism
554:
420:
327:
253:
36:
29:
1051:History, theory, practice
1019:Resources in your library
917:Bowker, John, ed. (1997)
796:Oxford English Dictionary
733:Divine Service (Lutheran)
173:
945:Donghi, Antonio, (2009)
941:The Shape of the Liturgy
939:Dix, Dom Gregory (1945)
738:Eastern Catholic liturgy
678:A fifth prayer service,
618:(שַחָר) "morning light",
547:stage after childbirth.
39:Liturgy (disambiguation)
801:Oxford University Press
688:, the Day of Atonement.
348:Eastern Catholic Church
970:. The Liturgical Press
966:Marini, Piero, (2007)
956:. The Liturgical Press
949:. The Liturgical Press
936:. The Liturgical Press
914:. The Liturgical Press
561:Jewish liturgy is the
377:
358:
265:
120:
52:
981:, 31. Latimer House.
700:Book of Common Prayer
511:Salat is preceded by
506:Five Pillars of Islam
500:. Its importance for
364:
337:
263:
207:were assigned by the
115:
47:
961:The Study of Liturgy
826:and related terms",
650:Additional prayers:
607:(שַחֲרִת), from the
118:Liturgy of the Hours
37:For other uses, see
848:The Ancient Economy
799:(Online ed.).
632:Temple in Jerusalem
300:or passages from a
1060:Work of the People
850:2nd ed., 1985:151.
833:(1960:175–84) and
754:Protestant liturgy
378:
359:
266:
121:
53:
1091:Religious rituals
1005:Library resources
807:(Subscription or
330:Christian liturgy
16:(Redirected from
1098:
963:. London: SPCK.
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886:
883:
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870:
864:
857:
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844:
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743:Kesh temple hymn
718:Catholic liturgy
486:
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367:Kiuruvesi Church
342:celebrating the
264:Buddhist liturgy
256:Buddhist liturgy
226:Panathenaic year
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749:Liturgical year
713:Liturgical book
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665:Jewish holidays
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513:ritual ablution
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640:(עַרְבִית) or
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557:Jewish liturgy
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492:as opposed to
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380:Frequently in
344:Divine Liturgy
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166:ancient Greek
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978:
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673:Rosh Chodesh
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541:menstruating
537:prepubescent
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498:supplication
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382:Christianity
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324:Christianity
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178:
129:
127:
102:
96:
84:supplication
63:
55:
54:
822:N. Lewis, "
669:Chol HaMoed
667:(including
442:("prayer",
399:sacramental
392:worship of
222:Demosthenes
218:M.I. Finley
101:. The word
1080:Categories
824:Leitourgia
811:required.)
775:References
686:Yom Kippur
545:puerperium
220:notes "in
213:leitourgia
205:leitourgia
201:leitourgia
179:leitourgia
174:λειτουργία
88:repentance
68:Christians
790:"liturgy"
759:Sacrament
600:Shacharit
411:sacrifice
371:Kiuruvesi
285:Vajrayana
277:Theravada
128:The word
124:Etymology
32:Liturgics
18:Liturgies
846:Finley,
693:See also
663:, major
605:Shaharit
585:required
543:, or in
356:Slovakia
292:chanting
281:Mahayana
270:Buddhist
250:Buddhism
72:communal
1067:Liturgy
1010:Liturgy
861:Worship
671:), and
661:Shabbat
612:shachar
567:Judaism
551:Judaism
533:rakaʿāt
523:rakaʿāt
502:Muslims
484:ṣalawāt
427:ṣalawāt
394:Quakers
390:waiting
375:Finland
287:sects.
184:affixes
130:liturgy
107:service
103:liturgy
64:Liturgy
60:worship
56:Liturgy
1007:about
985:
925:
769:Siddur
681:Ne'ila
643:Maariv
623:Mincha
616:shahar
609:Hebrew
589:minyan
579:zmanim
572:siddur
563:prayer
518:rakʿah
475:; pl.
444:Arabic
433:, and
431:mawlid
403:prayer
352:Prešov
346:in an
340:bishop
313:gathas
307:mantra
302:sutras
283:, and
273:Sangha
240:Munera
235:munera
99:ritual
80:praise
76:sacred
805:
656:Musaf
638:Arvit
628:Minha
521:(pl.
490:Islam
478:صلوات
471:ṣalāt
455:ṣalāh
440:Salāt
435:dhikr
423:Salat
417:Islam
297:sutra
209:polis
196:polis
188:Attic
170:Greek
86:, or
983:ISBN
923:ISBN
528:fard
449:صلاة
386:open
304:, a
244:ludi
626:or
614:or
603:or
494:dua
463:gen
459:or
388:or
369:in
350:in
176:),
92:God
1082::
793:.
539:,
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508:.
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