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Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom (Tchaikovsky)

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297:, in which he asserted that the public performance of the liturgy was a profanation. "We cannot begin to say how the combination of the words 'Liturgy' and 'Tchaikovsky' offend the ear of the Orthodox Christian", he wrote, and asked what would happen if a Jewish composer should create a setting of the liturgy: "our most sacred words would be mocked at and hissed". Ambrose also refused the performance of Tchaikovsky's 2108: 2118: 250:, which ruled that the church censor could approve the publication of sacred music without the chapel's involvement. This decision had ground-breaking implications, since for the first time in many years it became possible for Russian composers to create sacred music, without being subjected to bureaucratic review. 174:
For me still possesses much poetical charm. I very often attend the services. I consider the liturgy of St. John Chrysostom one of the greatest productions of art. If we follow the service very carefully, and enter into the meaning of every ceremony, it is impossible not to be profoundly moved by
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were confiscated. The Chief Administration for Printed Matter authorised publication, but Bakhmetiev continued his campaign against Jurgenson, who counter-sued Bakhmetiev. Jurgenson won his case in June 1879, and the Interior Minister passed judgement in December 1879 in favour of Jurgenson. The
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and his nine sacred songs, were of seminal importance in the later interest in Orthodox music. Other composers, encouraged by the freedom created by the new lack of restriction on sacred music, soon followed Tchaikovsky's example. The structure that Tchaikovsky used, as well as his use of free
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the liturgy of our own Orthodox Church... to be startled from one's trance by a burst from the choir; to be carried away by the poetry of this music; to be thrilled when... the words ring out, 'Praise the name of the Lord!' – all this is infinitely precious to me! One of my deepest joys!
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A public performance given by the Russian Musical Society took place in Moscow in December 1880. The controversy surrounding the work led to an "unusually crowded" audience, which received the work positively and recalled Tchaikovsky numerous times at the end of the concert.
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settings, Tchaikovsky composed new music and free settings for six of the movements. These include movements 6, 8, 10, 11, 13 and 14. Movements 10 and 11 have some polyphony and imitation, providing a contrast from the block-chordal arrangement of the majority of the work.
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in July; this is confirmed by a letter to von Meck in the same month, where Tchaikovsky wrote that he was "happy in the consciousness of having finished a work... Now I can indulge in full my secret delight in doing nothing." It appeared in print early in 1879.
241:, on the grounds that it had been published without his approval. Tchaikovsky had only submitted his setting to the Moscow Office of Sacred Censorship. Legal proceedings were initiated against Jurgenson, and 143 of his plates of the 234:, all approval had to be granted by the director of the chapel. Tchaikovsky wrote "they guard this monopoly very jealously, and will not permit new settings of the liturgy under any circumstances whatsoever". 289:
an experienced, practised hand and a sense of decorum, rather than powerful inspiration... wholly satisfactory and estimable though it be in itself, holds only secondary place among his other works.
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predominates... gives an impression of festive brilliance and magnificence at first, but then lose their fascination as a result of too frequent repetition... has brought to his
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and others; but how little their music is in keeping with... the whole spirit of Orthodox liturgy! ... It is not improbable that I shall decide to set the entire liturgy of St.
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Tchaikovsky, known primarily for his symphonies, concertos and ballets, was deeply interested in the music and liturgy of the Russian Orthodox Church. In 1875, he compiled
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settings for the components of the liturgy, were emulated by a whole generation of Russian composers in their own settings of the liturgy, including
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in November 1880; in a letter to Nadezhda von Meck, Tchaikovsky wrote that it was "altogether one of the happiest moments of my musical career".
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acknowledged the importance of the work and its "almost political significance", but was less complimentary about the work itself:
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An April 1878 letter to von Meck signified his interest in producing a composition based on the liturgy.
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Jurgenson's publication of Tchaikovsky's setting was promptly banned by the director of the chapel,
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A vast and untrodden field of activity lies open to composers here. I appreciate certain merits in
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A Concise Textbook of Harmony Intended to Facilitate the Reading of Sacred Musical Works in Russia
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Ambrose, the vicar of Moscow, was particularly opposed to the work; he published a letter in the
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held the monopoly on the composition and performance of sacred music; according to an 1816
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The work consists of 15 major divisions. Performances require approximately 48 minutes.
281:...choral sonority is exploited with skill and effectiveness; unfortunately, the higher 1523: 1176: 1172: 513: 282: 144: 59: 151:. Tchaikovsky's setting constitutes the first "unified musical cycle" of the liturgy. 2136: 1774: 1435: 508: 139:, his Op. 41, composed in 1878. It consists of settings of texts taken from the 1781: 546: 425: 216:
At the time, the prospect of setting any church music was fraught with issues. The
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Church in June 1879. The Moscow Musical Society gave a private concert at the
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wrote that his brother was "deeply hurt" by the vicar's opinion of the work.
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The composition took place between 4/16 May and 27 May/8 June 1878 (see
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confiscated plates were released in November and December 1880 by the
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The Cambridge History of Russia: Volume 2, Imperial Russia, 1689–1917
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Tchaikovsky's setting of the Divine Liturgy, along with his
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International Tchaikovsky Competition for Young Musicians
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Critical opinion was divided. In his review of the work,
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After the exclamation "And Grant That With Our Mouths"
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The manuscript was sent to his publisher 16:1878 choral work by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 696:Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom (Leontovych) 678:After the Exclamation "In the Fear of God" 616:Amen. And With Your Spirit, Lord Have Mercy 1358: 1344: 1336: 613:Amin. I so dukhom tvoyim, Gospodi, pomilui 20: 1326:International Music Score Library Project 876: 610:Аминь. И со Духом Твоим, Господи, помилуй 1024: 976: 964: 366: 258:The first performance took place in the 1140:The triumph of Tchaikovsky: a biography 1039: 711: 864: 730: 670:Blagoslovyen gryadiy vo imya Gospodnye 2087:International Tchaikovsky Competition 2072:Moscow State Tchaikovsky Conservatory 1063: 1051: 1000: 141:Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom 7: 1108:Russians on Russian Music, 1880–1917 848:The Cambridge History of Russia 2006 719:The Cambridge History of Russia 2006 195:. I shall arrange all this by July. 121:Liturgiya svyatogo Ioanna Zlatousta 1086:Tchaikovsky: The Man and his Music 667:Благословен грядый во имя Господне 426:Glory to the Father and to the Son 305:'s funeral. Tchaikovsky's brother 14: 2153:Eastern Orthodox liturgical music 1817:Orchestral Suite No. 4 in G major 1812:Orchestral Suite No. 3 in G major 1807:Orchestral Suite No. 2 in C major 1802:Orchestral Suite No. 1 in D minor 1137:Gee, John; Selby, Elliot (1960). 116:Литургия святого Иоанна Златоуста 46:Литургия святого Иоанна Златоуста 2116: 2107: 2106: 1207:Tchaikovsky Through Others' Eyes 653:Praise the Lord from the Heavens 1899:String Quartet No. 2 in F major 1894:String Quartet No. 1 in D major 1637:Piano Concerto No. 2 in G major 1154:Nineteenth-Century Choral Music 902:"Peter Tchaikovsky (1840–1893)" 747:"Peter Tchaikovsky (1840–1893)" 2077:Tchaikovsky Symphony Orchestra 2062:Tchaikovsky State House-Museum 1129:Tchaikovsky: His Life and Work 107:Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom 25:Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom 1: 2067:Tchaikovsky Museum (Votkinsk) 1968:Grand Piano Sonata in G major 1844:Liturgy of St John Chrysostom 1204:Poznansky, Alexander (1999). 201:Old Style and New Style dates 143:, the most celebrated of the 1687:Variations on a Rococo Theme 551:The Symbol of Faith (Creed) 543:Veruyu vo Yedinago Boga Otsa 352:While most of the work uses 514:The Liturgy of the Faithful 354:traditional Slavonic chants 260:Imperial University of Kiev 212:Censorship and legal issues 120: 2174: 1927:String Sextet in D minor ( 1681:Violin Concerto in D major 1249:The A to Z of Sacred Music 650:Khvalitye Gospoda s nebyes 540:Верую во Единаго Бога Отца 430:After the Second Antiphon 2102: 2022:Modest Ilyich Tchaikovsky 1904:String Quartet No. 3 in E 1796:Festival Coronation March 1642:Piano Concerto No. 3 in E 1626:Piano Concerto No. 1 in B 1373: 1246:Swain, Joseph P. (2006). 1105:Campbell, Stuart (2003). 378:(Russian transliteration) 115: 45: 43: 30: 1367:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 532:After the Cherubic Hymn 137:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 33:Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky 1973:Piano Sonata No. 2 in C 1916:Souvenir d'un lieu cher 1225:Shrock, Dennis (2009). 647:Хвалите Господа с небес 422:Slava: Edinorodniy Syne 419:Слава: Единородный Сыне 382:English transliteration 149:Eastern Orthodox Church 396:Аминь. Господи помилуй 291: 223: 197: 177: 126: 1922:Piano Trio in A minor 1883:Quartet Movement in B 1668:Sérénade mélancolique 1126:Evans, Edwin (1900). 487:Glory to Thee, O Lord 441:Priidite, poklonimsya 399:Amin. Gospodi pomilui 279: 181: 172: 2082:Chaikovskij (crater) 1929:Souvenir de Florence 1827:Serenade for Strings 1378:List of compositions 1331:Tchaikovsky Research 1082:(20 February 2007). 1025:Gee & Selby 1960 813:Tchaikovsky Research 444:Come, let us worship 438:Приидите, поклонимся 388:Part of the liturgy 145:eucharistic services 1745:Francesca da Rimini 1576:Symphony in B minor 1517:The Sleeping Beauty 1485:The Queen of Spades 1464:Mazepa (or Mazeppa) 1457:The Maid of Orleans 1268:Tchaikovsky, Modest 1013:M. Tchaikovsky 1904 989:M. Tchaikovsky 1904 953:M. Tchaikovsky 1904 938:M. Tchaikovsky 1904 926:M. Tchaikovsky 1904 889:M. Tchaikovsky 1904 833:M. Tchaikovsky 1904 786:M. Tchaikovsky 1904 771:M. Tchaikovsky 1904 599:It is Truly Fitting 505:Kheruvimskaya pyesn 484:Slava tyebe gospodi 385:English translation 348:Music and structure 264:Moscow Conservatory 2034:Antonina Miliukova 1955:Souvenir de Hapsal 1948:Scherzo à la russe 1661:Andante and Finale 1292:Wiley, Roland John 991:, p. 394-395. 788:, p. 298-299. 773:, p. 237-238. 481:Слава Тебе Господи 303:Nikolai Rubinstein 239:Nikolai Bakhmetiev 2148:1878 compositions 2130: 2129: 2040:Nadezhda von Meck 1738:Capriccio Italien 1694:Pezzo capriccioso 1611: 1228:Choral Repertoire 1149:Morozan, Vladimir 1143:. Vanguard Press. 807:Langston, Brett. 682: 681: 502:Херувимская песнь 379: 168:Nadezhda von Meck 102: 101: 2165: 2120: 2110: 2109: 2057:In popular media 2028:Vladimir Davydov 2004:The Music Lovers 1978: 1977: 1909: 1908: 1888: 1887: 1717:Romeo and Juliet 1709:Orchestral works 1654:Concert Fantasia 1647: 1646: 1631: 1630: 1609: 1606: 1605: 1591:No. 6 in B minor 1586:No. 5 in E minor 1571:No. 4 in F minor 1561:No. 3 in D major 1551:No. 2 in C minor 1545:Winter Daydreams 1541:No. 1 in G minor 1443:Vakula the Smith 1360: 1353: 1346: 1337: 1324:: Scores at the 1311: 1287: 1263: 1242: 1221: 1200: 1168: 1144: 1133: 1122: 1101: 1089: 1067: 1061: 1055: 1049: 1043: 1037: 1028: 1022: 1016: 1010: 1004: 998: 992: 986: 980: 974: 968: 962: 956: 950: 941: 935: 929: 923: 917: 916: 914: 912: 898: 892: 886: 880: 874: 868: 862: 851: 845: 836: 830: 824: 823: 821: 819: 804: 789: 783: 774: 768: 762: 761: 759: 757: 743: 734: 728: 722: 716: 568:After the Creed 565:A Mercy of Peace 377: 367: 338:Ippolitov-Ivanov 228: 131: 123: 117: 50: 49: 48: 47: 21: 2173: 2172: 2168: 2167: 2166: 2164: 2163: 2162: 2158:John Chrysostom 2133: 2132: 2131: 2126: 2098: 2045: 2010: 1983: 1975: 1974: 1935: 1906: 1905: 1885: 1884: 1871: 1851:All-Night Vigil 1831: 1704: 1644: 1643: 1628: 1627: 1614: 1603: 1602: 1529: 1497: 1478:The Enchantress 1409: 1400:Belyayev circle 1369: 1364: 1318: 1308: 1290: 1284: 1266: 1260: 1245: 1239: 1224: 1218: 1203: 1197: 1183:, eds. 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Index

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Divine Liturgy
Church Slavonic
SATB
Russian
a cappella
choral
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom
eucharistic services
Eastern Orthodox Church
Nadezhda von Meck
Bortniansky
Berezovsky
John Chrysostom
Old Style and New Style dates
Pyotr Jurgenson
Imperial Chapel
ukase
Alexander I
Nikolai Bakhmetiev
Synod
Imperial University of Kiev
Moscow Conservatory
César Cui
register
Nikolai Rubinstein
Modest
All-Night Vigil
Arkhangelsky

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