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RFID provides a time/location reference for an object, but does not indicate that the object remains at that location, which is sufficient for applications that limit access, such as tracking objects entering and leaving a warehouse, or for objects moving on a fixed route, such as charging tolls for
422:
While location awareness began as a matter of static user location, the notion was extended to reflect movement. Context models have been proposed to support context-aware applications which use location to tailor interfaces, refine application-relevant data, increase the precision of information
540:
Location-aware systems address the acquisition of coordinates in a grid (for example using distance metrics and lateration algorithms) or at least distances to reference points (for example discriminating presence at a certain choke point on a corridor or in a room of a building).
523:
offers less precision, e.g., presence "near" a point of reference. Measuring wireless power levels can supply this degree of precision. Less sophisticated systems can use wireless distance measurements to estimate a point of reference in
1101:"Information technology—Open Systems Interconnection—Procedures for the operation of OSI Registration Authorities: Generation and registration of Universally Unique Identifiers (UUIDs) and their use as ASN.1 Object Identifier components"
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or room numbers. Local systems degrade as distance from the locality increases. Applications include the automatic reconfiguration of a computing device to suit the location in which it is currently being used.
658:), or publishing a user's location to appropriate members of a social network, and allowing retailers to publish special offers to potential customers who are near to the retailers. Allegedly, individuals gain
503:"Crisp" locating offers precise coordinates, using wireless signals or optical sighting, possibly with phase angle measurements. Coordinates are relative to either a standardized system of coordinates, e.g.,
423:
retrieval, discover services, make user interaction implicit and build smart environments. For example, a location-aware mobile phone may confirm that it is currently in a building.
415:(NLA) services collect network configuration and location information, and notify applications when this information changes. With the advent of global navigation satellite systems (
1238:
971:"Industrielle Systeme, Anlagen und AusrĂĽstungen und Industrieprodukte - Strukturierungsprinzipien und Referenzkennzeichnung - Teil 1: Allgemeine Regeln (IEC 81346-1:2009)"
435:
uses a structured textual form. International standardisation offers a common method using ISO/TS 16952 as originated with German standards DIN EN 61346 and DIN EN 81346.
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While governments have created global systems for computing locations, independent localized systems exist at scales ranging from one building to sub-national regions.
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643:. Such applications include the automatic reconfiguration of a computing device to suit the location in which it is currently being used (examples include
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can prioritize results that are close to the device. Conversely, the device location can be disclosed to others, at some cost to the bearer's privacy.
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and professional drivers. The task is to dynamically determine the current location and the time, distance and direction to destination.
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35:
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DIN EN 61346 Industrielle
Systeme, Anlagen und Ausrüstungen und Industrieprodukte – Strukturierungsprinzipien und Referenzkennzeichnung
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provide location coordinates for vessels and vehicles. Surveying equipment identifies location with respect to a well-known location
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18th international conference on advanced information systems engineering. proceedings of workshops and doctoral consortium
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941:"ISO/TS 16952-1:2006 Technical product documentation - Reference designation system - Part 1: General application rules"
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Location awareness without the active participation of the device is known as non-cooperative locating or detection.
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528:(distance and direction) from another site. Index locating indicates presence at a known location, as with fixed
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Cristiana
Bolchini and Carlo A. Curino and Elisa Quintarelli and Fabio A. Schreiber and Letizia Tanca (2007).
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723:, typically returning information in standardized coordinates as with WGS84 in standardized formats such as
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572:) have become ubiquitous in long-haul transport operation and are becoming a standard automobile feature.
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419:) and radio-equipped mobile devices, the term was redefined to include consumer-focused applications.
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adds timely delivery of results, especially for moving targets. Real time locating is defined with
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1st
International Symposium on Handheld and Ubiquitous Computing (HUC99), Springer LNCS, Vol. 1707
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Schmidt, A.; Aidoo, K.A.; Takaluoma, A.; Tuomela, U.; Van
Laerhoven, K; Van de Velde W. (1999).
735:
This approach relies on global navigation satellite system (GNSS) technology generally adopting
120:
1080:"ISO/IEC 11578 Information technology—Open Systems Interconnection—Remote Procedure Call (RPC)"
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is the static complement to navigating. It is essential for delineating land ownership and for
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Blank, T. O. (1989). "Social psychology, contexts of aging, and a contextual world view".
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Capturing
Ambient Intelligence for Mobile Communications through Wireless Sensor Networks
1326:"Context-aware process design: Exploring the extrinsic drivers for process flexibility"
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993:"International Telecommunication Union Q-Series Standards, Signalling and Switching"
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727:(NMEA) for outdoor usage or in symbolic coordinates referring to street addresses.
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Location awareness enables new applications for ubiquitous computing systems and
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Bring advances in mobile applications and services within the reach of users
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satellite systems for global demand. Global navigation satellite systems (
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Middleware
Platform for Developing and Deploying Advanced Mobile Services
553:
1237:
Albrecht
Schmidt, Michael Beigl and Hans-W. Gellersen (December 1999).
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designing construction projects. Optical surveying technology preceded
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193:. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed.
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1415:"Registering a Service Instance with NLA - Windows applications"
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International standards ISO/IEC 11578 and ISO/IEC 9834 and IETF
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media access addressing according to MAC International standard
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Middleware for context collection and personal profile exchange
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Standards T1.110—General
Information and subsequent standards.
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This approach uses for example mobile phone systems, such as
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Currently location awareness is applied to design innovative
1362:
1335:. Luxembourg: Namur University Press. pp. 149–158.
182:
1122:"A Universally Unique IDentifier (UUID) URN Namespace"
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offers coordinates that refer to a nominated point of
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refers to devices that can determine their location.
87:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1304:"FĂĽnf Jahre nach dem RFID-Hype erste ErnĂĽchterung"
453:relates to locating network nodes. These include:
236:may lack focus or may be about more than one topic
782:) describes the location of a node in a network.
457:ITU switched line access addressing according to
380:applications. Location awareness is supported by
482:ISO procedure call addressing according to URN/
479:10038 with ISO/IEC 11802 and ANSI/IEEE edition.
240:Please help improve this article, possibly by
1173:"Ubiquitous Computing - Computing in Context"
507:, or a fixed object such as a building plan.
8:
1345:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1035:"International Standard ISO/IEC 10038: 1993"
50:Learn how and when to remove these messages
853:"A data-oriented survey of context models"
1257:
871:
411:systems, and addressed network entities.
330:Learn how and when to remove this message
312:Learn how and when to remove this message
209:Learn how and when to remove this message
147:Learn how and when to remove this message
1239:"There is more to Context than Location"
1324:Rosemann, M., & Recker, J. (2006).
843:
807:Differentiated service (design pattern)
725:National Marine Electronics Association
698:, with results in proprietary terms of
461:Q-Series standards, Telecommunications
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1177:PhD dissertation, Lancaster University
682:Such solutions may apply concepts of
459:International Telecommunication Union
7:
618:. On mobile devices, location aware
244:the article and/or by introducing a
85:adding citations to reliable sources
552:and reckoning are key concerns for
1061:ANSI/IEEE Std 802.1D, 1993 edition
284:tone or style may not reflect the
14:
1331:. In T. Latour; M. Petit (eds.).
920:"Advanced Interaction in Context"
31:This article has multiple issues.
294:guide to writing better articles
273:
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163:
61:
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802:Context-aware pervasive systems
564:served for regional demand and
248:, or discuss this issue on the
72:needs additional citations for
39:or discuss these issues on the
1502:Radio-frequency identification
688:wireless personal area network
1:
1306:. Rfid-basis.de. 21 July 2008
1268:10.1016/s0097-8493(99)00120-x
662:with confirmation of current
519:19762-5 and ISO/IEC 24730-1.
1522:Telecommunications equipment
832:Spatial contextual awareness
1374:10.2190/WUQU-VT01-021N-GX33
759:which are commonly used in
189:the claims made and adding
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1403:Network location awareness
1206:December 28, 2008, at the
1171:Schmidt, Albrecht (2003).
776:Network location awareness
771:Network location awareness
413:Network location awareness
1532:User interface techniques
1156:Sweeney, Patrick (2006).
684:real-time locating system
1246:Computers & Graphics
973:. Dke.din.de. 2007-05-29
765:combat search and rescue
532:reader's and RFID tags.
403:The term originated for
347:Navigational instruments
1477:Emergency communication
1201:Test TomTom Navigator 6
882:10.1145/1361348.1361353
743:. Applications include
463:Signalling System No. 7
374:business administration
351:wireless communications
288:used on Knowledge (XXG)
1014:"ANSI Standard T1.110"
827:Location-based service
399:History of terminology
292:See Knowledge (XXG)'s
1224:July 7, 2011, at the
1103:. Iso.org. 2012-09-17
1082:. Iso.org. 2001-08-13
1066:May 10, 2008, at the
1037:. Iso.org. 1998-12-18
943:. Iso.org. 2012-07-11
626:Warehouse and routing
610:, and is integral to
1527:Ubiquitous computing
1472:Consumer electronics
1141:Malik, Ajay (2009).
465:(SS7) and mirroring
427:Determining location
356:The term applies to
96:"Location awareness"
81:improve this article
822:Transreality gaming
631:crossing a bridge.
386:positioning systems
246:disambiguation page
1453:(Research Project)
1449:2008-12-27 at the
1440:(Research Project)
1434:(Research Project)
1158:"RFID fĂĽr Dummies"
1143:"RTLS fĂĽr Dummies"
929:. pp. 89–101.
907:on April 24, 2009.
792:Context adaptation
650:2017-11-07 at the
616:wearable computing
509:Real-time locating
440:mathematical terms
382:navigation systems
362:real-time locating
343:Location awareness
174:possibly contains
1537:Wireless locating
797:Context awareness
761:search and rescue
526:polar coordinates
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866:(4): 19–26.
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