434:
1503:
those species are with their frill patterns and not their feeding adaptations. âTheir jaws and teeth are more or less built the same way.â If the region did indeed support that much diversity, he says, you would expect the animals to be feeding on different types of plants to avoid competition. Dinosaur paleontologist
Elizabeth Freedman Fowler expressed concern over the methods used to collect the fossils. Only two of the fossils collected were protected using plaster jackets as is good field collection practice - they wrapped the rest in aluminum foil. Some of the bones might have broken, Fowler says, and precious information about the new specimen might have been lost.
443:
2572:
754:
702:
2578:
1392:
944:
1228:
1206:
739:
1343:
1101:
865:
1269:
1130:
1372:
1291:
1021:
843:
133:
1313:
1152:
1044:
3128:
154:
421:
3158:
3134:
602:, Denmark, where it is now permanently reposited. In 2022âfollowing the museum's acquisition of the specimen and prior to its academic descriptionâthe Knuthenbord Safaripark announced that the skeleton represented a new species of ceratopsian dinosaur that would eventually be named after a Norse god. They further noted that the holotype specimen,
667:), meaning "face"âa common suffix for ceratopsian names. This name was chosen in reference to the similarity between the dinosaur's frill horns and the curved blades sometimes associated with Loki. It also honors the partnership between researchers in the United States (where the specimen was found) and Denmark, a
565:
to create accessible plastic casts for researchers. A lifelike reconstruced skull could then be assembled by articulating the identified bones and filling in the gaps with mirrored bones from the opposite side of the skull and data informed by related species. A skull cast was made for display and
1502:
Other peer reviewers expressed doubt that differences in frills indicated distinct species. Paleontologist Jordan Mallon was skeptical that five species of massive plant eaters could coexist in such a small region of what is now
Montana and western Canada. He notes that most of the variations of
719:. The skull has a basal length of about 0.95 metres (3.1 ft) and a total length of 1.92â1.99 metres. The holotype individual was likely around 6.7 metres (22 ft) long, with a weight of about 5 tonnes (11,000 lb). As such, it represents one of the largest known centrosaurines.
1499:, the brow horns are hollow, compared to younger individuals' solid horns. This would imply some degree of intraspecific variability (differences between individuals of the same species) within centrosaurines.
561:
Following its discovery and collection, EMK 0012 was transported to
Fossilogic, a company specializing in the preparation of fossils. The material was prepared throughout 2021 before being
1565:
gen. et sp. nov. (Ceratopsidae: Centrosaurinae) from the
Campanian Judith River Formation of Montana reveals rapid regional radiations and extreme endemism within centrosaurine dinosaurs"
1845:
1817:
3294:
1734:
1729:
1511:
The Loki Quarry is characterized by carbonaceous fine-grained sandstones, siltstones, and mudstones, with depositional features indicating a poorly-drained fluvial system.
730:(excessively enlarged) and bladelike, curving laterally along the same plane as the frill. These horns are larger than any other known centrosaurine frill ossification.
3319:
808:. Loewen et al. named the clade to which the three species belong the Albertaceratopsini. All three of these genera share a rounded (rather than narrow)
603:
1487:, are known to change noticeably in morphology throughout the course of their lives. He further noted that some of the anatomical characteristics of
3314:
3309:
2571:
1853:
1893:
772:. Based on several charactersâincluding the presence of more than six epiparietals on each side of the frill, the large, flat, bladelike
3304:
2577:
685:(commonly known as the caribou or reindeer) whose antlers are said to be bilaterally asymmetrical as in the frill ornamentations of
485:
3151:
1473:, some paleontologists expressed criticism regarding its validity and distinction from its closest albertaceratopsin relatives,
1556:
1756:
1697:
567:
309:
3299:
433:
1689:
1657:
1625:
3127:
809:
781:
777:
773:
512:
442:
753:
153:
3289:
3284:
812:, as well as a first epiparietal situated in the same lateral plane as the frill. Their results are displayed in the
408:âmore than in any other localityâsuggesting that this clade was very diverse during the Late Cretaceous of northern
1555:; Carpenter, Savhannah; Sisson, Brock; ĂhlenschlĂŠger, Anna; Farke, Andrew A.; Makovicky, Peter J.; Longrich, Nick;
963:
1984:
1886:
1784:
1515:
scales & mollusks occur in the quarry, as well as carbonized plant fragments and wood, and beads of amber.
3256:
3215:
651:
3279:
2102:
701:
672:
609:
In 2024, an international team of researchers led by Mark A. Loewen and Joseph J. W. Sertich published the
3178:
1761:
1630:
591:
473:
469:
387:
3161:
2011:
1391:
943:
769:
690:
332:
3133:
1227:
1205:
400:, known from most of the skull and a partial skeleton. Four other ceratopsians are known from the same
1818:"Dinosaur With Giant, Loki-Like Horns Has the 'Craziest, Coolest' Headgearâand Could Be a New Species"
1342:
738:
1822:
575:
501:
493:
1100:
864:
2267:
1879:
1662:
1552:
610:
583:
1268:
1129:
606:"Frederik", represents one of the first distinct dinosaur species to be displayed in the country.
2987:
2937:
2369:
1081:
991:
401:
148:
1371:
1290:
1020:
842:
1312:
1151:
1043:
132:
3070:
3008:
2971:
2445:
2332:
1606:
1588:
1387:
977:
888:
816:
below, along with comparative illustrations of the reconstructed frills of well-known genera:
562:
515:
496:, northern Montana, United States, close to the Canadian border. The specimen was discovered
472:
0012, was discovered by Mark Eatman in 2019 in the Loki Quarry, representing outcrops of the
3100:
2898:
2723:
2425:
2120:
1596:
1578:
1548:
859:
668:
527:
523:
489:
663:
623:
as a new genus and species of centrosaurine ceratopsian based on these fossil remains. The
582:, Canada (ROM 88670). Once fully ready for display, the holotype material was moved to the
2994:
2946:
2905:
2841:
2744:
2695:
2397:
2321:
2276:
2150:
2136:
2095:
1969:
1953:
1481:. Paleontologist Denver Fowler explained that some ceratopsians, such as the well-studied
1124:
905:
798:
543:
511:
The holotype consists of many bones of the skull and fragmentary postcrania, comprising a
420:
391:
379:
41:
455:; reconstruction with unknown material in orange (left) and lifelike illustration (right)
1601:
1560:
17:
3001:
2960:
2891:
2878:
2849:
2834:
2804:
2765:
2751:
2668:
2629:
2508:
2418:
2383:
2376:
2256:
2206:
2129:
2109:
1146:
1015:
837:
823:
804:
789:
749:
skull, including the round external narial fossa (enf) characteristic of centrosaurines
715:
640:
571:
477:
288:
272:
230:
3273:
3079:
3058:
3028:
3019:
2919:
2813:
2758:
2737:
2709:
2702:
2688:
2681:
2487:
2476:
2469:
2411:
2404:
2390:
2348:
2283:
2249:
2220:
2173:
1336:
1249:
1200:
727:
555:
372:
83:
713:
is about 20% larger than putative adult individuals of the contemporary ceratopsian
3242:
3201:
3093:
3044:
3037:
2926:
2912:
2820:
2793:
2786:
2779:
2730:
2716:
2608:
2595:
2526:
2515:
2500:
2462:
2454:
2436:
2341:
2307:
2290:
2242:
2235:
2191:
1996:
1944:
1793:
1724:
1366:
1307:
1263:
1222:
938:
793:
547:
259:
214:
3086:
2980:
2863:
2827:
2650:
2362:
2227:
1483:
1037:
531:
58:
2856:
2772:
2622:
2355:
2143:
2077:
2064:
2023:
1902:
1701:
1667:
1635:
785:
375:
246:
103:
68:
1592:
813:
636:
519:
505:
409:
383:
165:
108:
52:
45:
1610:
3236:
3195:
2657:
2643:
2636:
2199:
1935:
1926:
681:
539:
481:
465:
198:
185:
98:
93:
78:
73:
63:
1583:
500:
but in association, with much of the material exhibiting some degree of
3251:
3210:
3051:
2213:
2157:
1285:
742:
599:
579:
551:
535:
368:
113:
88:
1920:
595:
175:
3172:
693:
is intended to mean "Loki's horned face that looks like a caribou".
1846:"This strange dinosaur with bladelike horns roamed ancient Montana"
1569:
752:
737:
700:
624:
615:
497:
419:
632:
364:
3176:
2593:
2062:
1913:
1875:
1512:
1871:
656:
644:
1725:"Newly discovered dinosaur boasts big, blade-like horns"
726:
appears to lack a nasal horn. The second epiparietal is
1757:"Loki's horned dinosaur wielded a pair of giant blades"
1624:
Knuthenborg
Natural History Collection (20 May 2022).
705:
Reconstructed skeleton with known material in orange
3226:
3185:
3069:
3027:
3018:
2970:
2936:
2877:
2803:
2667:
2606:
2525:
2486:
2444:
2435:
2331:
2305:
2266:
2171:
2119:
2075:
2022:
1995:
1968:
1789:, a newly discovered species of horned dinosaur"
390:of Montana, United States. The genus contains a
1542:
1540:
1538:
1536:
1534:
1532:
1530:
1528:
1887:
1816:Molinek, Rudy; Molinek, Rudy (20 June 2024).
1495:, rather than a distinct taxon; as in mature
1491:may actually be indicative of a fully mature
8:
1626:"Unknown dinosaur species is a world first"
1469:Following the peer-reviewed description of
792:. More precisely, they recovered it as the
784:âit could be identified as a member of the
3295:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America
3173:
3024:
2883:
2673:
2614:
2603:
2590:
2492:
2441:
2313:
2183:
2179:
2087:
2083:
2072:
2059:
2001:
1974:
1965:
1910:
1894:
1880:
1872:
1723:Colorado State University (20 June 2024).
131:
31:
1600:
1582:
776:, the round premaxillary external narial
768:, Loewen et al. (2024) tested it using a
1547:Loewen, Mark A.; Sertich, Joseph J. W.;
1524:
1797:. Society for Science & the Public
7:
3257:548AA668-EE62-49DA-8CA2-939A00223B92
3216:4640DFB2-63D2-483A-93ED-4EF405285CAC
671:(where the specimen is housed). The
1358:
1328:
1255:
1192:
1185:
1116:
1087:
1077:
1007:
983:
930:
880:
829:
819:
480:. This locality is situated in the
3320:Taxa named by Nicholas R. Longrich
1783:Gramling, Carolyn (20 June 2024).
764:To determine the relationships of
530:, an isolated caudal vertebra and
25:
476:(McClelland Ferry Member) in the
3157:
3156:
3132:
3126:
2576:
2570:
1390:
1370:
1341:
1311:
1289:
1267:
1226:
1204:
1150:
1128:
1099:
1042:
1019:
942:
863:
841:
441:
432:
152:
574:, Utah (UMNH VP C-991) and the
3315:Taxa named by Scott D. Sampson
1700:. 20 June 2024. Archived from
1698:Natural History Museum of Utah
1666:. 20 June 2024. Archived from
722:Unlike its closest relatives,
679:, references the mammal genus
568:Natural History Museum of Utah
566:researcher access at both the
27:Genus of ceratopsian dinosaurs
1:
3310:Fossil taxa described in 2024
1755:Loewen, Mark (20 June 2024).
643:word "ceratops"âderived from
657:
645:
3336:
662:
650:
631:, combines a reference to
3305:Monotypic dinosaur genera
3146:
3124:
2886:
2676:
2617:
2602:
2589:
2567:
2495:
2316:
2186:
2182:
2090:
2086:
2071:
2058:
2004:
1977:
1964:
1909:
1385:
1363:
1356:
1333:
1326:
1304:
1282:
1260:
1253:
1219:
1197:
1190:
1183:
1143:
1121:
1114:
1092:
1085:
1075:
1034:
1012:
1005:
988:
981:
958:
935:
928:
902:
885:
878:
856:
834:
827:
810:frontoparietal fontanelle
338:
331:
149:Scientific classification
147:
139:
130:
34:
3228:Lokiceratops rangiformis
1692:Lokiceratops rangiformis
1563:Lokiceratops rangiformis
621:Lokiceratops rangiformis
345:Lokiceratops rangiformis
18:Lokiceratops rangiformis
2103:Micropachycephalosaurus
1844:Ortega, Rodrigo PĂ©rez.
796:to the clade formed by
709:The fossil material of
1762:The University of Utah
1631:Knuthenborg Safaripark
761:
750:
706:
655:), meaning "horn" and
592:Knuthenborg Safaripark
474:Judith River Formation
425:
402:stratigraphic interval
388:Judith River Formation
802:and the contemporary
770:phylogenetic analysis
756:
741:
704:
423:
3300:Ornithischian genera
1823:Smithsonian Magazine
1553:OâConnor, Jingmai K.
964:Cerro del Pueblo Fm.
576:Royal Ontario Museum
416:Discovery and naming
367:horned face") is an
2268:Archaeoceratopsidae
1663:Museum of Evolution
1584:10.7717/peerj.17224
780:, and the fan-like
584:Museum of Evolution
502:plastic deformation
424:Life reconstruction
397:L. rangiformis
378:dinosaurs from the
351:Loewen et al., 2024
324:L. rangiformis
3290:Fossils of Montana
3285:Cretaceous Montana
2988:Crittendenceratops
2938:Albertaceratopsini
1658:"The Dinosaur Era"
1638:on 2 December 2023
1082:Albertaceratopsini
992:Crittendenceratops
762:
751:
707:
534:, the fused right
426:
289:Albertaceratopsini
3267:
3266:
3179:Taxon identifiers
3170:
3169:
3142:
3141:
3122:
3121:
3118:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3110:
3109:
3071:Pachyrhinosaurini
3009:Yehuecauhceratops
2972:Nasutoceratopsini
2873:
2872:
2585:
2584:
2565:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2557:
2556:
2553:
2552:
2549:
2548:
2545:
2544:
2446:Protoceratopsidae
2333:Leptoceratopsidae
2301:
2300:
2167:
2166:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2049:
2046:
2045:
2042:
2041:
1696:(Press release).
1466:
1465:
1457:
1456:
1448:
1447:
1439:
1438:
1430:
1429:
1421:
1420:
1412:
1411:
1403:
1402:
1388:Pachyrhinosaurini
1239:
1238:
1172:
1171:
1163:
1162:
1064:
1063:
1055:
1054:
978:Nasutoceratopsini
917:
916:
889:Yehuecauhceratops
689:. Thus, the full
516:cervical vertebra
356:
355:
312:
140:Mounted skull of
16:(Redirected from
3327:
3260:
3259:
3247:
3246:
3245:
3219:
3218:
3206:
3205:
3204:
3174:
3160:
3159:
3137:
3136:
3130:
3101:Pachyrhinosaurus
3025:
2899:Machairoceratops
2884:
2724:Coahuilaceratops
2674:
2615:
2604:
2591:
2580:
2575:
2574:
2493:
2442:
2426:Zhuchengceratops
2314:
2184:
2180:
2121:Chaoyangsauridae
2088:
2084:
2073:
2060:
2002:
1975:
1966:
1959:
1958:
1911:
1896:
1889:
1882:
1873:
1866:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1852:. Archived from
1841:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1830:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1802:
1780:
1774:
1773:
1771:
1769:
1752:
1746:
1745:
1743:
1741:
1720:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1709:
1686:
1680:
1679:
1677:
1675:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1643:
1634:. Archived from
1621:
1615:
1614:
1604:
1586:
1559:(20 June 2024).
1544:
1394:
1374:
1359:
1345:
1329:
1315:
1293:
1271:
1256:
1230:
1208:
1193:
1186:
1154:
1132:
1117:
1103:
1088:
1078:
1046:
1023:
1008:
984:
967:
946:
931:
881:
867:
860:Machairoceratops
845:
830:
820:
666:
660:
654:
648:
588:Evolutionsmuseet
528:caudal vertebrae
488:and the town of
445:
436:
347:
343:
307:
300:
287:
271:
258:
245:
229:
213:
157:
156:
135:
125:
55:
40:Temporal range:
32:
21:
3335:
3334:
3330:
3329:
3328:
3326:
3325:
3324:
3270:
3269:
3268:
3263:
3255:
3250:
3241:
3240:
3235:
3222:
3214:
3209:
3200:
3199:
3194:
3181:
3171:
3166:
3138:
3131:
3106:
3065:
3014:
2995:Furcatoceratops
2966:
2947:Albertaceratops
2932:
2906:Menefeeceratops
2869:
2842:Tatankaceratops
2799:
2745:Mercuriceratops
2696:Arrhinoceratops
2663:
2611:
2598:
2581:
2569:
2541:
2521:
2482:
2431:
2398:Montanoceratops
2327:
2322:Graciliceratops
2310:
2297:
2277:Archaeoceratops
2262:
2176:
2163:
2151:Xuanhuaceratops
2137:Hualianceratops
2115:
2096:Albalophosaurus
2080:
2067:
2038:
2018:
1991:
1985:Avemetatarsalia
1970:Avemetatarsalia
1960:
1954:Marginocephalia
1916:
1915:
1905:
1900:
1870:
1869:
1859:
1857:
1856:on 26 June 2024
1843:
1842:
1838:
1828:
1826:
1815:
1814:
1810:
1800:
1798:
1782:
1781:
1777:
1767:
1765:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1739:
1737:
1722:
1721:
1717:
1707:
1705:
1704:on 22 June 2024
1688:
1687:
1683:
1673:
1671:
1670:on 22 June 2024
1656:
1655:
1651:
1641:
1639:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1557:Evans, David C.
1546:
1545:
1526:
1521:
1509:
1467:
1458:
1449:
1440:
1431:
1422:
1413:
1404:
1240:
1173:
1164:
1125:Albertaceratops
1065:
1056:
961:
918:
906:Menefeeceratops
799:Albertaceratops
745:regions of the
736:
699:
544:pectoral girdle
522:and associated
459:
458:
457:
456:
448:
447:
446:
438:
437:
418:
380:Late Cretaceous
352:
349:
341:
340:
327:
308:Loewen et al.,
306:
298:
285:
269:
256:
243:
227:
211:
151:
126:
124:
123:
122:
121:
116:
111:
106:
101:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
50:
49:
42:Late Cretaceous
38:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3333:
3331:
3323:
3322:
3317:
3312:
3307:
3302:
3297:
3292:
3287:
3282:
3280:Centrosaurines
3272:
3271:
3265:
3264:
3262:
3261:
3248:
3232:
3230:
3224:
3223:
3221:
3220:
3207:
3191:
3189:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3168:
3167:
3165:
3164:
3154:
3147:
3144:
3143:
3140:
3139:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3116:
3115:
3112:
3111:
3108:
3107:
3105:
3104:
3097:
3090:
3083:
3075:
3073:
3067:
3066:
3064:
3063:
3055:
3048:
3041:
3033:
3031:
3022:
3016:
3015:
3013:
3012:
3005:
3002:Nasutoceratops
2998:
2991:
2984:
2976:
2974:
2968:
2967:
2965:
2964:
2961:Medusaceratops
2957:
2950:
2942:
2940:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2930:
2923:
2916:
2909:
2902:
2895:
2892:Diabloceratops
2887:
2881:
2879:Centrosaurinae
2875:
2874:
2871:
2870:
2868:
2867:
2860:
2853:
2850:Titanoceratops
2846:
2838:
2835:Regaliceratops
2831:
2824:
2817:
2809:
2807:
2805:Triceratopsini
2801:
2800:
2798:
2797:
2790:
2783:
2776:
2769:
2766:Sierraceratops
2762:
2755:
2752:Navajoceratops
2748:
2741:
2734:
2727:
2720:
2713:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2677:
2671:
2669:Chasmosaurinae
2665:
2664:
2662:
2661:
2654:
2647:
2640:
2633:
2630:Brachyceratops
2626:
2618:
2612:
2607:
2600:
2599:
2594:
2587:
2586:
2583:
2582:
2568:
2566:
2563:
2562:
2559:
2558:
2555:
2554:
2551:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2543:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2538:
2537:
2531:
2529:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2512:
2509:Turanoceratops
2505:
2496:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2450:
2448:
2439:
2433:
2432:
2430:
2429:
2422:
2419:Unescoceratops
2415:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2387:
2384:Ischioceratops
2380:
2377:Gryphoceratops
2373:
2366:
2359:
2352:
2345:
2337:
2335:
2329:
2328:
2326:
2325:
2317:
2311:
2306:
2303:
2302:
2299:
2298:
2296:
2295:
2287:
2280:
2272:
2270:
2264:
2263:
2261:
2260:
2257:Sasayamagnomus
2253:
2246:
2239:
2232:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2207:Auroraceratops
2203:
2196:
2187:
2177:
2172:
2169:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2162:
2161:
2154:
2147:
2140:
2133:
2130:Chaoyangsaurus
2125:
2123:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2113:
2110:Psittacosaurus
2106:
2099:
2091:
2081:
2076:
2069:
2068:
2063:
2056:
2055:
2052:
2051:
2048:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2039:
2037:
2036:
2035:
2034:
2028:
2026:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2014:
2005:
1999:
1993:
1992:
1990:
1989:
1988:
1987:
1978:
1972:
1962:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1947:
1938:
1929:
1923:
1914:
1907:
1906:
1901:
1899:
1898:
1891:
1884:
1876:
1868:
1867:
1836:
1808:
1775:
1747:
1715:
1681:
1649:
1616:
1549:Sampson, Scott
1523:
1522:
1520:
1517:
1508:
1505:
1493:Medusaceratops
1479:Medusaceratops
1475:Alberaceratops
1464:
1463:
1460:
1459:
1455:
1454:
1451:
1450:
1446:
1445:
1442:
1441:
1437:
1436:
1433:
1432:
1428:
1427:
1424:
1423:
1419:
1418:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1409:
1406:
1405:
1401:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1384:
1381:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1362:
1357:
1355:
1352:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1303:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1281:
1278:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1259:
1254:
1252:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1237:
1236:
1233:
1232:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1196:
1191:
1189:
1184:
1182:
1179:
1178:
1175:
1174:
1170:
1169:
1166:
1165:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1147:Medusaceratops
1142:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1120:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1109:
1106:
1105:
1091:
1086:
1084:
1076:
1074:
1071:
1070:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1033:
1030:
1029:
1026:
1025:
1016:Nasutoceratops
1011:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
997:
996:
987:
982:
980:
974:
973:
970:
969:
966:centrosaurine)
957:
953:
952:
949:
948:
934:
929:
927:
924:
923:
920:
919:
915:
914:
911:
910:
901:
898:
897:
894:
893:
884:
879:
877:
874:
873:
870:
869:
855:
852:
851:
848:
847:
838:Diabloceratops
833:
828:
826:
824:Centrosaurinae
818:
805:Medusaceratops
790:Centrosaurinae
735:
734:Classification
732:
716:Medusaceratops
698:
695:
669:Nordic country
572:Salt Lake City
498:disarticulated
478:Kennedy Coulee
450:
449:
440:
439:
431:
430:
429:
428:
427:
417:
414:
392:single species
354:
353:
350:
336:
335:
329:
328:
320:
318:
314:
313:
296:
292:
291:
283:
276:
275:
273:Centrosaurinae
267:
263:
262:
254:
250:
249:
241:
234:
233:
231:Neornithischia
225:
218:
217:
209:
202:
201:
196:
189:
188:
183:
179:
178:
173:
169:
168:
163:
159:
158:
145:
144:
137:
136:
128:
127:
119:
118:
117:
112:
107:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
56:
39:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3332:
3321:
3318:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3308:
3306:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3296:
3293:
3291:
3288:
3286:
3283:
3281:
3278:
3277:
3275:
3258:
3253:
3249:
3244:
3238:
3234:
3233:
3231:
3229:
3225:
3217:
3212:
3208:
3203:
3197:
3193:
3192:
3190:
3188:
3184:
3180:
3175:
3163:
3155:
3153:
3149:
3148:
3145:
3135:
3129:
3103:
3102:
3098:
3096:
3095:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3084:
3082:
3081:
3080:Achelousaurus
3077:
3076:
3074:
3072:
3068:
3061:
3060:
3059:Styracosaurus
3056:
3054:
3053:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3042:
3040:
3039:
3035:
3034:
3032:
3030:
3029:Centrosaurini
3026:
3023:
3021:
3020:Eucentrosaura
3017:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2973:
2969:
2963:
2962:
2958:
2956:
2955:
2951:
2949:
2948:
2944:
2943:
2941:
2939:
2935:
2929:
2928:
2924:
2922:
2921:
2920:Wendiceratops
2917:
2915:
2914:
2910:
2908:
2907:
2903:
2901:
2900:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2889:
2888:
2885:
2882:
2880:
2876:
2866:
2865:
2861:
2859:
2858:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2847:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2814:Eotriceratops
2811:
2810:
2808:
2806:
2802:
2796:
2795:
2791:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2782:
2781:
2777:
2775:
2774:
2770:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2761:
2760:
2759:Pentaceratops
2756:
2754:
2753:
2749:
2747:
2746:
2742:
2740:
2739:
2738:Kosmoceratops
2735:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2714:
2712:
2711:
2710:Bravoceratops
2707:
2705:
2704:
2703:Bisticeratops
2700:
2698:
2697:
2693:
2691:
2690:
2689:Anchiceratops
2686:
2684:
2683:
2682:Agujaceratops
2679:
2678:
2675:
2672:
2670:
2666:
2660:
2659:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2648:
2646:
2645:
2641:
2639:
2638:
2634:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2619:
2616:
2613:
2610:
2605:
2601:
2597:
2592:
2588:
2579:
2573:
2535:
2534:
2533:
2532:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2518:
2517:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2506:
2503:
2502:
2498:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2488:Ceratopsoidea
2485:
2479:
2478:
2477:Protoceratops
2474:
2472:
2471:
2470:Breviceratops
2467:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2457:
2456:
2452:
2451:
2449:
2447:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2434:
2428:
2427:
2423:
2421:
2420:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2412:Udanoceratops
2409:
2407:
2406:
2405:Prenoceratops
2402:
2400:
2399:
2395:
2393:
2392:
2391:Leptoceratops
2388:
2386:
2385:
2381:
2379:
2378:
2374:
2372:
2371:
2367:
2365:
2364:
2360:
2358:
2357:
2353:
2351:
2350:
2349:Bainoceratops
2346:
2344:
2343:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2334:
2330:
2324:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2315:
2312:
2309:
2304:
2293:
2292:
2288:
2286:
2285:
2284:Helioceratops
2281:
2279:
2278:
2274:
2273:
2271:
2269:
2265:
2259:
2258:
2254:
2252:
2251:
2250:Mosaiceratops
2247:
2245:
2244:
2240:
2238:
2237:
2233:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2221:Koreaceratops
2218:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2202:
2201:
2197:
2194:
2193:
2189:
2188:
2185:
2181:
2178:
2175:
2174:Neoceratopsia
2170:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2148:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2139:
2138:
2134:
2132:
2131:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2122:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2079:
2074:
2070:
2066:
2061:
2057:
2032:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2021:
2013:
2009:
2008:
2007:
2006:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1994:
1986:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1967:
1963:
1955:
1951:
1948:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1924:
1922:
1918:
1917:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1897:
1892:
1890:
1885:
1883:
1878:
1877:
1874:
1855:
1851:
1847:
1840:
1837:
1825:
1824:
1819:
1812:
1809:
1796:
1795:
1790:
1788:
1779:
1776:
1764:
1763:
1758:
1751:
1748:
1736:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1719:
1716:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1693:
1690:"Introducing
1685:
1682:
1669:
1665:
1664:
1659:
1653:
1650:
1637:
1633:
1632:
1627:
1620:
1617:
1612:
1608:
1603:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1585:
1580:
1576:
1572:
1571:
1566:
1564:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1535:
1533:
1531:
1529:
1525:
1518:
1516:
1514:
1506:
1504:
1500:
1498:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1485:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1462:
1461:
1453:
1452:
1444:
1443:
1435:
1434:
1426:
1425:
1417:
1416:
1408:
1407:
1399:
1398:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1383:
1382:
1379:
1378:
1375:
1373:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1360:
1354:
1353:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1339:
1338:
1337:Styracosaurus
1331:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1310:
1309:
1302:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1292:
1288:
1287:
1280:
1279:
1276:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1266:
1265:
1258:
1257:
1251:
1250:Eucentrosaura
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1235:
1234:
1231:
1229:
1225:
1224:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1207:
1203:
1202:
1201:Wendiceratops
1195:
1194:
1188:
1187:
1181:
1180:
1177:
1176:
1168:
1167:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1153:
1149:
1148:
1141:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1127:
1126:
1119:
1118:
1112:
1111:
1108:
1107:
1104:
1102:
1098:
1097:
1090:
1089:
1083:
1080:
1079:
1073:
1072:
1069:
1068:
1060:
1059:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1045:
1040:
1039:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1022:
1018:
1017:
1010:
1009:
1003:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
994:
993:
986:
985:
979:
976:
975:
972:
971:
968:
965:
955:
954:
951:
950:
947:
945:
941:
940:
933:
932:
926:
925:
922:
921:
913:
912:
909:
908:
907:
900:
899:
896:
895:
892:
891:
890:
883:
882:
876:
875:
872:
871:
868:
866:
862:
861:
854:
853:
850:
849:
846:
844:
840:
839:
832:
831:
825:
822:
821:
817:
815:
811:
807:
806:
801:
800:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
760:
755:
748:
744:
740:
733:
731:
729:
728:hypertrophied
725:
720:
718:
717:
712:
703:
696:
694:
692:
691:binomial name
688:
684:
683:
678:
674:
673:specific name
670:
665:
659:
653:
647:
642:
638:
634:
630:
626:
622:
618:
617:
612:
607:
605:
601:
597:
593:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
569:
564:
559:
557:
556:pelvic girdle
553:
549:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
521:
517:
514:
509:
507:
503:
499:
495:
491:
487:
483:
479:
475:
471:
467:
464:
454:
444:
435:
422:
415:
413:
411:
407:
403:
399:
398:
393:
389:
385:
381:
377:
374:
373:centrosaurine
370:
366:
362:
361:
348:
346:
337:
334:
333:Binomial name
330:
326:
325:
319:
316:
315:
311:
305:
304:
297:
294:
293:
290:
284:
281:
278:
277:
274:
268:
265:
264:
261:
255:
252:
251:
248:
242:
239:
236:
235:
232:
226:
223:
220:
219:
216:
210:
207:
204:
203:
200:
197:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
180:
177:
174:
171:
170:
167:
164:
161:
160:
155:
150:
146:
143:
138:
134:
129:
115:
110:
105:
100:
95:
90:
85:
80:
75:
70:
65:
60:
54:
47:
43:
37:
33:
30:
19:
3227:
3187:Lokiceratops
3186:
3099:
3094:Stellasaurus
3092:
3085:
3078:
3057:
3050:
3045:Coronosaurus
3043:
3038:Centrosaurus
3036:
3007:
3000:
2993:
2986:
2979:
2959:
2954:Lokiceratops
2953:
2952:
2945:
2927:Xenoceratops
2925:
2918:
2913:Sinoceratops
2911:
2904:
2897:
2890:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2840:
2833:
2826:
2821:Nedoceratops
2819:
2812:
2794:Vagaceratops
2792:
2787:Utahceratops
2785:
2780:Terminocavus
2778:
2771:
2764:
2757:
2750:
2743:
2736:
2731:Judiceratops
2729:
2722:
2717:Chasmosaurus
2715:
2708:
2701:
2694:
2687:
2680:
2656:
2649:
2642:
2635:
2628:
2621:
2609:Ceratopsidae
2596:Ceratopsidae
2527:Ceratopsidae
2516:Zuniceratops
2514:
2507:
2501:Ajkaceratops
2499:
2475:
2468:
2463:Bagaceratops
2461:
2455:Ajkaceratops
2453:
2437:Coronosauria
2424:
2417:
2410:
2403:
2396:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2354:
2347:
2342:Asiaceratops
2340:
2320:
2308:Euceratopsia
2291:Yamaceratops
2289:
2282:
2275:
2255:
2248:
2243:Microceratus
2241:
2236:Liaoceratops
2234:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2192:Ajkaceratops
2190:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2108:
2101:
2094:
2012:Ornithischia
1997:Ornithischia
1949:
1945:Ornithischia
1940:
1931:
1858:. Retrieved
1854:the original
1849:
1839:
1827:. Retrieved
1821:
1811:
1799:. Retrieved
1794:Science News
1792:
1787:Lokiceratops
1786:
1778:
1766:. Retrieved
1760:
1750:
1738:. Retrieved
1728:
1718:
1706:. Retrieved
1702:the original
1691:
1684:
1672:. Retrieved
1668:the original
1661:
1652:
1640:. Retrieved
1636:the original
1629:
1619:
1574:
1568:
1562:
1510:
1501:
1496:
1492:
1489:Lokiceratops
1488:
1482:
1478:
1474:
1471:Lokiceratops
1470:
1468:
1386:
1367:Stellasaurus
1365:
1364:
1335:
1334:
1308:Centrosaurus
1306:
1305:
1284:
1283:
1264:Coronosaurus
1262:
1261:
1223:Sinoceratops
1221:
1220:
1199:
1198:
1145:
1144:
1123:
1122:
1096:Lokiceratops
1095:
1094:
1093:
1036:
1035:
1014:
1013:
990:
989:
959:
939:Xenoceratops
937:
936:
904:
903:
887:
886:
858:
857:
836:
835:
803:
797:
794:sister taxon
774:epiparietals
766:Lokiceratops
765:
763:
759:Lokiceratops
758:
747:Lokiceratops
746:
724:Lokiceratops
723:
721:
714:
711:Lokiceratops
710:
708:
687:Lokiceratops
686:
680:
676:
629:Lokiceratops
628:
625:generic name
620:
614:
608:
587:
560:
510:
463:Lokiceratops
462:
460:
453:Lokiceratops
452:
406:Lokiceratops
405:
396:
395:
360:Lokiceratops
359:
358:
357:
344:
339:
323:
322:
303:Lokiceratops
302:
301:
279:
260:Ceratopsidae
237:
221:
215:Ornithischia
205:
192:
142:Lokiceratops
141:
36:Lokiceratops
35:
29:
3087:Einiosaurus
2981:Avaceratops
2864:Triceratops
2828:Ojoceratops
2651:Monoclonius
2363:Ferrisaurus
2228:Kulceratops
1850:Science.org
1730:EurekAlert!
1507:Environment
1497:Triceratops
1484:Triceratops
1038:Avaceratops
786:ceratopsian
697:Description
677:rangiformis
639:, with the
611:description
546:, and both
506:compression
494:Hill County
376:ceratopsian
266:Subfamily:
3274:Categories
3243:Q126740375
3202:Q126740374
3150:See also:
2857:Torosaurus
2773:Spiclypeus
2623:Agathaumas
2536:see belowâ
2356:Cerasinops
2144:Stenopelix
2078:Ceratopsia
2065:Ceratopsia
2033:see belowâ
2024:Ceratopsia
1936:Dinosauria
1903:Ceratopsia
1577:: e17224.
1519:References
1041:specimens
788:subfamily
486:Milk River
468:specimen,
363:(meaning "
247:Ceratopsia
199:Dinosauria
51:78.1
1919:Kingdom:
1593:2167-8359
814:cladogram
782:squamosal
757:Frill of
743:Pneumatic
637:Norse god
604:nicknamed
590:) at the
520:synsacrum
513:posterior
451:Skull of
410:Laramidia
384:Campanian
371:genus of
317:Species:
172:Kingdom:
166:Eukaryota
46:Campanian
3237:Wikidata
3196:Wikidata
3162:Category
3152:Timeline
2658:Polyonax
2644:Dysganus
2637:Ceratops
2200:Aquilops
1927:Chordata
1925:Phylum:
1921:Animalia
1611:38912046
1602:11193970
960:CPC 279
682:Rangifer
540:coracoid
482:badlands
466:holotype
253:Family:
186:Chordata
182:Phylum:
176:Animalia
162:Domain:
3252:ZooBank
3211:ZooBank
3052:Spinops
2370:Gremlin
2158:Yinlong
1860:30 June
1829:21 June
1801:20 June
1768:21 June
1740:20 June
1708:21 June
1674:22 June
1642:22 June
1286:Spinops
600:Lolland
580:Toronto
554:of the
542:of the
536:scapula
532:chevron
504:due to
490:Rudyard
369:extinct
342:†
321:†
295:Genus:
120:↓
1785:"Meet
1609:
1599:
1591:
635:, the
596:Maribo
563:molded
552:ischia
524:dorsal
518:, the
1950:Clade
1941:Clade
1932:Clade
1570:PeerJ
1340:spp.
778:fossa
652:ÎșÎÏαÏ
646:kéras
641:Greek
616:PeerJ
484:near
280:Clade
238:Clade
222:Clade
206:Clade
193:Clade
2010:see
1983:see
1862:2024
1831:2024
1803:2024
1770:2024
1742:2024
1735:AAAS
1710:2024
1676:2024
1644:2024
1607:PMID
1589:ISSN
1477:and
633:Loki
550:and
548:ilia
538:and
526:and
461:The
365:Loki
310:2024
59:Preê
48:), ~
2214:Beg
1597:PMC
1579:doi
1513:Gar
658:áčps
619:of
613:in
594:in
578:in
570:in
492:in
470:EMK
404:as
3276::
3254::
3239::
3213::
3198::
1952::
1943::
1934::
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1759:.
1733:.
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675:,
664:ᜀÏ
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282::
240::
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1895:e
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1881:v
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114:N
104:K
99:J
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89:P
84:C
79:D
74:S
69:O
64:ê
44:(
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