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For cassettes, the loader has cassette shells containing only a leader called "C-0" cassettes that are loaded one at a time or into a hopper where the C-0s are fed automatically depending on the type of loader. The tape from the pancake is then spliced onto the C-0 cassette's leader and then wound into the cassette by the loader. For 8-tracks, the tape is wound from the slave recorder onto a device mounted on its side, called a "sidewinder", which holds several small reels, and extracts and winds the tape from the slave recorder onto each reel into an endless-loop configuration (with the tape being pulled from the center of the wind), where each full reel is then placed in an empty 8-track cartridge and spliced together, either by machine or by hand, with a foil splice that holds the loop together. The foil splice also serves to automatically engage an 8-track player to advance to the next program when played.
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contact with electrical contacts in the tape path) in the loop bin duplicator, which triggers a cue tone that is recorded to the reel of pancake tape. This cue tone is read by the loader, and engages it, for cassettes, to stop and cut the tape from the pancake and either splice it to the leader in the C-0 cassette shell, or for 8-tracks, to disengage winding to an internal cartridge reel on the "sidewinder" mechanism and then cut the tape (a process for both types of media called "de-spooling"), with the winding resuming to a new reel afterwards. In fact, part of this de-spooling tone (also known as a "tailor tone" or "trigger tone") can be heard at the leader splice or foil splice of some previously recorded audio cassettes and 8-tracks respectively, as a very low-frequency
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material has been recorded to it using a studio-type multitrack tape recorder in real-time beforehand. The loop tape for cassette duplication has 4 tracks on the loop bin master tape (2 stereo tracks for Side A recorded in one direction, and the other 2 for Side B recorded in the opposite direction), and for 8-tracks has all of the 8 tracks (4 2-track stereo programs) recorded in one direction. The loop-bin master tape is read by the duplicator at a very high speed. For cassettes, either 32, 64, 80, or 100 times the normal speed of playback (1.875
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which eliminated the failures but added greatly to the expense of the equipment. Since a digital bin was capable of playback speeds of 256:1 or better, a single bin could perform as two by splitting the buffer between two different programs. A program could be loaded and looped for production while
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An analog loop bin uses a long loop of either 1/2" wide (for cassette duplication) or 1" wide (for 8-track tape duplication) loaded in a large bin located in the front of the duplicator. This loop master tape is loaded into the duplicator's bin from a traditional open-reel of tape, where the program
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The loop of tape in the duplicator's bin usually will have a segment of clear leader spliced in between the beginning and end of the tape loop (with some duplicators using a metal foil splice instead). This clear leader splice is read by an optical sensor (or in the case of a foil splice, coming in
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wound on a plastic core) of raw 1/8" audio tape (for cassettes), or all 8 tape tracks to back-lubricated 1/4" audio tape (for 8-track cartridges) also wound on a "pancake" reel, at the same high speed. After it is recorded, this pancake of tape is then loaded onto special machines called loaders.
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While this loop is being played back, the audio signals for the A and B side (or all 4 programs for 8-track) are sent to a "slave" recorder or an audio bus that contains multiple "slaves". The "slave" records from the loop bin master tape the 4 tracks for both A and B sides to an open-faced
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Another difficulty to overcome was the means for loading a digital bin. A bin could be loaded manually by recording directly into the bin's buffer, or it could be loaded by a high speed data device. At the time digital bins were first put into production, an
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an additional program could be loaded into the buffer. A real-time monitoring system could play back the audio stored in either buffer to check for potential flaws in the audio while both programs were looping for production.
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sounds with a radio or audio amplifier affected by such, but as an actual higher-frequency tone when played back at a higher speed (as it was when recorded to the tape at high speed during duplication).
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duplication process for audio cassettes, the loop bin duplicators use 1"-wide loop tape instead (like what is used for 8-track duplication), yielding in a better quality duplication.
347:(Very Large Data Store) was used. A single S-VHS tape was capable of storing over 5 GB of data. These extremely expensive storage devices were eventually replaced by CD loading.
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Digital loop bins were also introduced in the early 1990s. The early digital loop bins replaced the source tape with audio data stored on
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that were connected to the "slave" recorders, but they were prone to failure because of the amount of stress put on the hard disks.
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Flaws in a recording would result in loud pops and cracks rather than a more subtle analog degradation.
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The audio being reproduced can be monitored during production without shutting down the bin
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401:"My year at Ampex", by Ron Schauer, a former employee at Ampex's tape duplication plant
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They had fewer moving parts than previous systems, so were more reliable to operate.
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Loop bin duplicators were first introduced in the early 1990s.
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There is no master tape to degrade during the copying process
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rumbling of about 20 Hertz, sounding similar to how
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360:Audio can be transferred at a much higher rate
350:The benefits of using a digital loop bin are:
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138:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
50:Learn how and when to remove these messages
391:Bin Loop Tape Duplication (With pictures)
366:Eliminates tape hiss from the source tape
220:Learn how and when to remove this message
202:Learn how and when to remove this message
87:of all important aspects of the article.
83:Please consider expanding the lead to
339:based storage device manufactured by
323:The hard disks were replaced by huge
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136:adding citations to reliable sources
357:Only a single master has to be made
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31:This article has multiple issues.
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396:Digital Bin Loop Master Machine
75:may be too short to adequately
39:or discuss these issues on the
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318:digital-to-analog converters
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255:Magnefax 7in duplicator
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151:"Loop bin duplicator"
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314:hard drives
290:arpeggiated
192:August 2015
93:August 2015
415:Categories
407:References
238:audio tape
162:newspapers
36:improve it
343:called a
341:Honeywell
119:does not
77:summarize
42:talk page
328:buffers
300:In the
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183:JSTOR
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