London, Midland and Scottish Railway

380: 4189: 1926:, which not only formed the body but also formed the load-bearing part of the carriage, meaning that a heavy underframe was not required. The new technique also meant that the carriages were stronger under collision conditions, as proved during an accident at Dinwoodie – Wamphray on 25 October 1928 when the leading "all-steel" carriage absorbed most of the impact. Construction of the carriages was carried out for the LMS by external companies, largely to provide work for them during a difficult economic period, but within a couple of years the company returned to more conventional construction methods, as it could no longer justify using external contractors due to efficiency improvements within its own workshops, which were set up to produce carriages of more traditional configuration. 51: 1774: 976:. In 1923, Wilkinson advised Superintendent of Advertising and Publicity of the LMS, T.C Jeffrey, to improve rail sales and other LMS services by incorporating fine art into the design of their advertisement posters. In this time, fine art already had a distinguished association in Europe and North America with good taste, longevity and quality. Jeffrey wanted LMS’ commercial image to align with these qualities and therefore accepted Wilkinson's advice. For the first series of posters, Wilkinson personally invited 16 of his fellow alumni from the 1003: 638: 2813: 613:. These lines were automatically included in the LMS Group, along with the rest of the Midland Railway system, which meant that the LMS had a considerable presence in a part of the country (south Essex) which could be said to form part of the natural territory of the LNER. The process of Grouping under the Railways Act did not address geographical anomalies of this kind, although this particular arrangement did provide a competitive choice for residents of 1975:, derailing the goods train that it was part of. A signal post was partially knocked over, obstructing the adjacent line. An express passenger train had the sides of its carriages ripped open by the signal post, killing eleven people. A direct consequence of this accident was that private owner wagons had to be registered with railway companies before they were allowed to run on main lines. They were also subject to a detailed inspection every ten years. 1705: 2150:. Due to a signalman's error a milk train ran into its rear. Wreckage spread across all four lines, with the result that a few minutes later the Camden to Holyhead freight collided with the debris, followed a few seconds later by the Toton to Willesden coal train. All four lines were blocked for some time and the driver of the milk train was killed. Contemporaneous newsreel footage shows the aftermath of the four-fold accident. 2339: 876:. The company operated around 7,000 route miles of railway line, servicing 2,944 goods depots and 2,588 passenger stations, using 291,490 freight vehicles, 20,276 passenger vehicles and 9,914 locomotives. The company directly employed 263,000 staff, and through its annual coal consumption of over six and a half million tons, could claim to indirectly employ a further 26,500 coal miners. 2671: 1679:" to mass-produce components to a set pattern and size. Once these had been checked any example of a specific part could be used interchangeably with any other of the same type. The technique was applied to any item which could be manufactured in large numbers (as there were significant costs in producing the initial jigs) such as doors, ventilators, windows and seats. 2621: 1655: 888:. In practice this meant that the commercial managers found themselves subservient to the needs of the operating departments. This changed in 1932 when a major restructuring was completed, replacing the traditional board of directors with an executive headed by a president, supported by vice-presidents each with responsibility for a specific area. 1691:

prior to grouping, and was adopted in Wolverton during 1925, with Newton Heath following two years later. By using this method, the time taken to construct a typical carriage fell from six weeks to six days and by 1931 Derby and Wolverton were able to handle the entire LMS carriage building workload,

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print on double royal satin paper, filling 45 X 35 inches. The mass-produced posters were pasted inside railway stations in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales. LMS decided the subject advertised, but choices of style and approach were left to the artist's discretion. LMS’ open design brief

940:

Numerous special fares were introduced to encourage travel, develop niche markets and overcome competitors. The cheap day return ticket offered return travel at a price usually equivalent to the single fare, although in areas with rival bus services they were sometimes offered at less than the single

1739:

Each of the constituent companies of the LMS had their own liveries for locomotives and rolling stock. The board of directors of the LMS was dominated by former Midland Railway officers, and the company adopted the "crimson lake" livery for coaching stock as had been used by the Midland and Glasgow

912:

Davies created a commercial research section, increased the sales force and provided them with specialist training. The emphasis of the organisation switched from operators dictating what was reasonable to the commercial managers asking what was possible to maximise sales opportunities. Thirty five

437:

The LMS operated a number of lines jointly with the other main railway companies, a situation which arose when the former joint owners of a route were placed into different post-grouping companies. Most of these were situated at or near the boundaries between two or more of the companies, but there

422:

AT the time of its creation, the LMS had inherited from the 35 merged companies, a system of 7,000 route miles and 19,000 track miles; accounting for 38.4% of the total mileage of the 'big four' grouped railways. It was the owner of 9,319 locomotives, 19,000 passenger-carrying vehicles, and 286,000

1921:

In 1926, the LMS introduced its "all-steel carriage", which represented a significant departure from previous carriage construction. Previously carriages had been built with wood or steel-plated wood bodies, mounted on heavy underframes. The all-steel carriages differed in that they consisted of a

1199:

The LMS owned and operated a number of railway works, all of which were inherited from constituent companies. Between them these sites constructed locomotives, coaching stock, multiple units and freight wagons, as well as a number of non-rolling stock items required for the everyday running of the

491:

Being geographically the largest, and the most central of the four main post-grouping railway companies, the LMS shared numerous boundaries with both the LNER and GWR, although its overlap with the Southern Railway was limited due to the general lack of direct routes through London. The SR and the

2637:

the department employed 8,000 staff, served over 50 million customers per annum and grossed more than £3 million in receipts (equivalent to £234,940,000 in 2023) from the combined hotel and catering operations. The scale of the undertaking enabled the LMS to claim that they operated the

1682:

The natural progression was to streamline the assembly process and the company introduced a method known as Progressive Construction. In this process the mass-produced parts were combined into "unit assemblies", each of which was a major sub-component of the finished carriage such as side panels,

862:

in 1949. The London Midland & Scottish Railway Company continued to exist as a legal entity for nearly two years after Nationalisation, being formally wound up on 23 December 1949. The lines in Great Britain were rationalised through closure in the 1950s to 70s but the main routes survive and

1086:

However important the excursion traffic was, it was the ordinary scheduled services which had to be the focus of efforts to improve the fortunes of the LMS. A number of initiatives were introduced, with the aim of making train travel more attractive and encouraging business growth. Services were

499:

Competition with the LNER was mainly in terms of the premium London to Scotland traffic, with the rival LMS (West Coast) and LNER (East Coast) routes competing to provide ever better standards of passenger comfort and faster journey times. The LNER also competed with the LMS for traffic between

772:

from the previous LNWR and MR parts of the system, being deliberately made to miss each other persisted even as late as the early 1950s, long after their demise. Many of the senior appointments on the operating side were of former Midland men, such as James Anderson, so that Midland ideas and

1674:

Most railway carriages were constructed by fitting together component parts which had been roughly machined to larger dimensions than required, which were then cut to the required size and joined together by skilled coachbuilders. Reid's new method involved the use of templates or

994:. The commercial success of Wilkinson and Jeffrey's collaboration manifested between 1924 and 1928, with public sale of 12,000 railway posters. Paul Henry's 1925 poster depicting the Gaeltacht region of Connemara in County Galway proved most commercially popular, with 1,500 sales. 1174:

Goods accounted for around 60% of LMS revenue, and was even more varied than passenger services, catering for a range of goods from fresh perishables such as milk, fish and meat through to bulk minerals and small consignments sent point to point between individuals and companies.

423:

wagons. It operated more than 10,600 passenger trains and 15,000 goods trains a day, with a total staff of 231,000. In addition to this, the LMS owned 543 miles of canal, 8,950 horses, 17,000 carts, 2,000 motor vehicles, 64 steamboats and 27 docks, and was the owner of 28 hotels.

1662:

The LMS inherited a wide variety of passenger rolling stock from its constituent companies, and appointed Robert Whyte Reid, an ex-Midland Railway man, as the head of its Carriage department. Reid had already started to introduce more efficient carriage building practices at the

1014:

were a significant source of revenue and the LMS became a specialist in the movement of large numbers of people, with locomotives and rolling stock often kept in operation just to service such seasonal traffic. In one year, the LMS ran 43 special trains to take spectators to the

1687:, and the unit assemblies were taken to workstations, where the precision machining of the mass-produced parts ensured they all fitted accurately into position, building into a complete carriage as the unit moved along the flow line. The technique was already in use in 980:

to take part. In letter correspondence, Wilkinson outlined the details of the LMS proposal to the artists. The artist fee for each participant was £100. The railway poster would measure 50 X 40 inches. In this area, the artist's design would be reproduced as a

560:

On 1 July 1903, the Midland Railway took over the Belfast and Northern Counties Railway and operated it under the name of Midland Railway (Northern Counties Committee). On grouping, the network became part of the LMS, again operating under the name of the

1091:

were provided for third class ticket holders for the first time. The effect of these improvements was significant, with receipts from passenger traffic increasing by £2.9 million (equivalent to £2,226,910,000 in 2023) between 1932 and 1938.

871:

Despite having widespread interests in a number of commercial areas, the LMS was first and foremost a railway organisation. It operated in all four constituent countries of the United Kingdom, and in England its operations penetrated 32 of the 40

959:

rose quite dramatically, from a low point of 6,500 million in 1932 to 8,500 million by 1937, while at the same time the number of coaches required was reduced through improved maintenance and more efficient utilisation. In 1938 it opened a

1284:. Both were absorbed into the LMS with their parent companies, and while the former became the main workshops for the Northern Division of the LMS, the latter works were wound down, closing in 1930, all work being transferred to nearby Crewe. 788:

The LMS also implemented a novel management structure, breaking with British railway tradition, and mirroring a contemporary management practice more common in the United States, appointing a President and Vice-Presidents. On 4 January 1926,

5101: 990:, Wilkinson designed a poster in 1927 encouraging the public to avail of the LMS ferry and connecting boat trains to Ireland. For this promotion, Wilkinson's design was accompanied with four posters of Ireland by Belfast modernist painter, 900:

became Vice-President (Railway traffic, operating and commercial), with separate chief operating and chief commercial managers of equal status reporting to him. Railway operations were directed by Charles Byrom, a veteran officer of the

759:

The early history of the LMS was dominated by infighting between parties representing its constituent parts, many of whom had previously been commercial and territorial rivals. This was particularly marked in the case of the

921:, and trophies were awarded to the best performing districts and salesmen. To provide maximum capacity during times of peak demand, the operating department re-organised maintenance schedules to maximise the availability of 793:

was appointed First President of the Executive, the equivalent of a Chief executive in modern organisational structures. He added the role of chairman of the board of directors to his portfolio in January 1927, succeeding

2333: 396:

created four large railway companies which were in effect geographical monopolies, albeit with competition at their boundaries, and with some lines either reaching into competitor territory, or being jointly operated.

5094: 1765: 379: 2632:

The LMS Hotels & Catering Service, apart from providing catering cars on trains and refreshment facilities at stations also operated a chain of nearly 30 hotels throughout the United Kingdom. Just prior to

2175:

On 21 January 1938, an express passenger train was in a head-on collision with an empty stock train at Oakley Junction due to a combination of driver and signalman's errors. Three people were killed and 46 were

5338: 651: 5087: 1258:

in the 1830s, and since 1862 (when all locomotive works had transferred to Crewe) had been the LNWR's carriage works. In 1922, one year prior to the formation of the LMS, the LNWR had absorbed the

449:

network. Exceeding 183 miles (295 km), this was the largest jointly operated network in Great Britain in terms of route mileage, and extended from Peterborough to the East Anglian coast. The

5275: 400:

The LMS operated services in and around London, the Midlands, the North West of England, Mid/North Wales and Scotland. The company also operated a separate network of lines in Northern Ireland.

2606:. Subsequently, the LMS acquired Joseph Nall & Co. of Manchester and a 51% stake in Wordie & Co. of Glasgow. The LMS operated a road haulage fleet consisting of 29,754 road vehicles. 1078:

Such was the importance of such excursion traffic that a special department was established in 1929 and oversaw the expansion from 7,500 special trains in that year to nearly 22,000 in 1938.

2615: 5405: 2091:

On 17 July 1931, a mail train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with a goods train at Crich Junction, Derbyshire. Two people were killed and seventeen people were injured.

773:

practices tended to prevail over those of other constituents. For example, the Midland's system of traffic control was imposed on a system-wide basis, along with the Midland livery of

5410: 1749: 1630: 826:, such as tapered boilers, long travel valves, and large bearings. His locomotives were not only more powerful, and economical, but they also ended the company's internal conflict. 1740:& South Western Railways prior to grouping (with the North Staffordshire Railway using a very similar shade). The livery worked well, proving to be hard wearing and practical. 5181: 1043:

between the start of July and the end of September alone. Besides these mass-market events, the company also ran regular tourist excursions to a variety of destinations, such as

2928:

print is formed from the natural aversion of oil and water. The print is created by transferring a photographic image onto an aluminium plate or stone and then printing by hand.

2915:

used LMS, and this is what is generally used in historical circles. The LMS occasionally also used the initials LM&SR. For consistency, this article uses the initials LMS.

2021:. An express passenger train was in a rear-end collision with it due to errors by the guard of the goods train and a signalman. Four people were killed and five were injured. 1649: 1825:

and a number of related branches and connecting lines were already electrified when the LMS came into existence, although the LMS did extend electrification from Barking to

913:

district managers were appointed to oversee sales through the company's goods depots, passenger stations and key dock facilities. There was even sales representation in the

707:

There were also some 24 subsidiary railways, leased or worked by the above companies, and a large number of joint railways, including the UK's largest Joint Railway, the

5456: 5441: 5217: 2683: 1887: 1227:

as part of a reorganisation of facilities in Derby and left the original site to concentrate on locomotive manufacture and repair. The Midland Railway also had works at

3440:

Paul Henry (1877–1958), Connemara,’’ Ireland this Year’’, 1925, Country track with cottages and mountain in background, lithographic print 101 X63.5, Science Museum UK

2143:

On 25 February 1935, a passenger train was derailed at Ashton under Hill due to a combination of locomotive design, speed and track condition. One person was killed.

1223:

railway companies to meet their joint requirements for locomotive, carriage and wagon construction and maintenance. The latter site was opened in the 1860s by the

5461: 5436: 1638: 5431: 4600: 2292:

The LMS owned many canals, originally acquired by some of its constituent companies in the 19th century, such as the Shropshire Union group (which included the

2645:

The range of hotels was extensive ranging from large resort and city centre hotels to much smaller provincial establishments. One of the most famous was the

597:, resulted in the LMS owning or operating a number of lines outside its core geographical area. For instance, in 1912, the Midland Railway had purchased the 5386: 5451: 5446: 2329: 1634: 986:

resulted in a collection of posters that reflected the large capacity of destinations and experiences available with the transport organisation. For the

3419:

Norman Wilkinson (1882–1971), To Ireland: Seven LMS Routes, 1935, Steaming ferry boat on the sea, lithographic print, 390 X490, Swann Auction Galleries

164: 5365: 768:, each of which believed its way was the right – and only – way of doing business. This rivalry was so severe, that stories of connecting trains at 708: 450: 446: 3031: 480: 2657:

in Leeds. While most were open all year round, a number opened for only particular months in the year, to coincide with local tourist seasons.

5269: 5249: 1782: 5004: 4935: 4852: 4814: 4706: 4635: 2856: 1968: 1667:

of the Midland Railway prior to grouping and these same practices were soon introduced to the carriage and wagon works of the former LNWR at

1159: 1155: 769: 322:(which had previously merged with the London and North Western Railway on 1 January 1922), several Scottish railway companies (including the 5074: 598: 349: 2102:. Due to a signalman's error, a passenger train ran into the rear portion of the goods. Two people were killed and several were injured. 1072: 956: 884:

For nearly ten years after its formation, the LMS had been run using a similar organisational structure to one of its constituents, the

726: 169: 464:. This network connected Bath and Bournemouth, and wound its way through territory nominally allocated to a third railway company, the 1875: 1844: 1133: 782: 5375: 5370: 5307: 4982: 4954: 4916: 4890: 4833: 4795: 4776: 4757: 4725: 4687: 4663: 4173: 4105: 4077: 4009: 3977: 3925: 3895: 3851: 3638: 3622: 3606: 1493: 1334: 1304: 1232: 1119: 712: 672: 618: 461: 139: 50: 1112:

Most other major cities on the network were linked by trains with names which would become famous in railway circles including the

5360: 5322: 5317: 5139: 5079: 2900: 2441: 2081: 1961: 1883: 1770:

The LMS operated a number of suburban lines using electric traction, in and around London, Liverpool, Manchester and Lancashire.

1610: 1550: 1546: 1476: 1472: 1454: 1402: 1259: 1239: 1032: 906: 902: 765: 688: 684: 626: 602: 594: 476: 454: 442: 412: 357: 319: 311: 119: 109: 5380: 5254: 2205: 2180: 2048: 1860: 1106: 2127:, Renfrewshire after the driver of one of them misread signals. Nine people were killed and 31 were injured, eleven seriously. 2154: 1794: 1688: 1664: 1415: 1208: 2595: 2146:

On 13 March 1935, an express meat train from Liverpool to London was brought to a halt at Kings Langley due to a defective

371:

The LMS was the largest of the Big Four railway companies serving routes in England, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.

310:, which required the grouping of over 120 separate railways into four. The companies merged into the LMS included the 2713: 2695: 2164:

On 17 November 1937, a passenger train overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with an express passenger train at

2095: 1964:

due to greasy rails after a thunderstorm. It crashed through the buffers and ended up in building. There were no injuries.

1818: 1773: 1525: 1255: 531:

The London to Birmingham corridor was fiercely contested with the LMS running expresses over its West Coast Main Line via

4845:

The London, Tilbury & Southend Railway: 1912 - 1939 the Midland and LMS Years v. 3: A History of the Company and Line

2130:

On 28 September 1934, an express passenger train was in a rear-end collision with a passenger train at Winwick Junction,

5057: 2313: 1902: 1868: 1220: 610: 606: 329:

Besides being the world's largest transport organisation, the company was also the largest commercial enterprise in the

5332: 5070: 2752: 2227: 1879: 1574: 1281: 1163: 732: 700: 562: 548: 183: 124: 3410:

40 Marlborough Hill, St John’s Wood, NW.8 to Clausen, 23 Oct 1923 (R.A., Letters written to George Clausen, CL/1/248)

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The LMS acquired numerous docks, harbours and piers from its predecessors. These ranged in size from major ports at

2454: 2074: 1864: 859: 517: 176: 5259: 4992: 2646: 2625: 2250: 2212: 2194: 2037: 2014: 1906: 1898: 1848: 1822: 973: 893: 823: 4504: 4476: 4448: 3389:

Leon Winslow, ‘Art is Industrial as Well as Fine’, in The Journal of Education, Vol.106, No.20 (1927) pp.520–522

2312:, instigated by LMS, although those surviving in 1948 passed to the Docks and Inland Waterways Executive of the 5061: 5047: 3351: 2867: 2766: 2268: 2216: 2066: 2059: 2033: 1972: 1856: 1814: 1587: 1379: 1269: 1228: 1216: 1145: 1123: 716: 232: 5052: 2772: 2519: 2317: 1852: 1668: 1605: 1251: 1036: 977: 961: 622: 536: 249: 1101:, which featured streamlined locomotives hauling a nine coach train of specially constructed stock between 2860: 2852: 2724: 2305: 2000: 1947: 1943: 1936: 1810: 1778: 1683:

carriage ends or the roof. The workshops were organised on the "flow-line" principle, similar to a modern

1287:

Smaller workshop facilities were also transferred to the LMS by other constituent companies, including at

1247: 1141: 1102: 1028: 930: 344:), but its profitability was generally disappointing, with a rate of return of only 2.7%. Under the 5264: 5244: 5239: 5201: 5186: 5161: 5128: 4596: 3038: 2908: 2904: 2748: 2736: 2293: 2275: 2241: 2234:

and was in collision with a goods train that was being shunted. Two people were killed, 31 were injured.

1982:, Essex and was in a rear-end collision with another. Of 604 people injured, only four are hospitalised. 1802: 1212: 847: 811: 532: 521: 465: 460:

The LMS also operated a significant joint network with the Southern Railway, in the shape of the former

361: 353: 2204:

On 13 October 1940, an express passenger train collided with a platform barrow obstructing the line at

1002: 777:

for passenger locomotives and rolling stock. Particularly notable, especially after the appointment of

4190:"The Times newspaper: Notice of a Special General Meeting of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway" 972:

The LMS's commercial success in the 1920s resulted in part from the contributions of English painter,

589:

The expansionist policies of many of the constituent companies which formed the LMS, particularly the

4740: 3590: 3257: 2871: 2654: 2257: 2055:, due to a signalman's error. Several people were injured when the train crashed through the buffers. 1798: 1366: 1296: 1114: 991: 946: 781:

as Chief Mechanical Engineer, was the continuation of the Midland Railway's small-engine policy (see

404: 17: 4367: 4340: 4310: 4280: 4250: 2112:

On 10 July 1933, an express passenger train was in collision with a goods train and was derailed at

4025: 2445: 2253:

due to excessive speed through a set of points. Forty-three people were killed and 64 were injured.

1910: 1569: 1277: 873: 334: 279: 2123:

On 6 September 1934, two passenger trains were in a head-on collision at Port Eglington Junction,

637: 5297: 3501: 2870:

on 14 November 2017 sparking speculation of the name becoming the long term branding for the new

2796: 2742: 2220: 2137: 2058:

On 12 February 1929, an express passenger train was in a head-on collision with a goods train at

1592: 1273: 1020: 839: 660: 525: 345: 323: 134: 3795: 3630: 3598: 2874:

Partnership franchise, which is scheduled to commence operations on 8 December 2019, branded as

1886:

using a side-contact, third rail system. In conjunction with the LNER, the lines of the former

5211: 5191: 5000: 4978: 4950: 4931: 4912: 4886: 4848: 4829: 4810: 4791: 4772: 4753: 4721: 4702: 4683: 4659: 4631: 4169: 4135: 4101: 4073: 4005: 3973: 3921: 3891: 3847: 3634: 3602: 2875: 2427: 2355: 2309: 2007: 1826: 1288: 934: 408: 393: 307: 4121: 3810: 1935:

On 5 July 1923, an express passenger train was in a rear-end collision with a goods train at

5312: 4826:

British Railway Carriages of the 20th Century, Volume 2: The years of consolidation, 1923–53

2925: 2790: 2573: 2395: 2106: 1954: 1786: 1509: 1308: 1048: 1039:. The number of people moved was huge, with over 2.2 million holidaymakers arriving in 987: 982: 914: 855: 843: 778: 746: 678: 554: 493: 365: 341: 157: 144: 31: 2466:

Bought from Barrow Steam Navigation Co Ltd in 1907. Sold in 1925 to a Greek owner, renamed

2120:

due to a signalman's error. One person was killed and about 30 were injured, one seriously.

917:, certain European countries and North America. A monthly newsletter was produced entitled 5327: 5302: 5206: 5196: 4673: 2912: 2784: 2603: 2402: 2387: 2297: 2198: 2041: 1806: 1438: 1420: 1384: 1350: 1292: 1224: 1097: 1056: 1011: 897: 885: 851: 807: 761: 694: 666: 590: 513: 505: 472: 416: 340:

In 1938, the LMS operated 6,870 miles (11,056 km) of railway (excluding its lines in

315: 129: 114: 4975:

LMS 150 : The London Midland & Scottish Railway A century and a half of progress

5043:

Vintage training and educational videos for LMS staff, customers and the general public.

2826:

Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.

1087:

accelerated, and better quality rolling stock was introduced and from 24 September 1928

3512: 2848: 2639: 2113: 1840: 1016: 528:(LNER) both providing express, stopping and local services between these destinations. 330: 258: 227: 77: 35: 3261:. Vol. 96, no. 586. London: Transport (1910) Ltd. February 1950. p. 73. 1704: 1095:

A number of premium services were offered, culminating in 1937 with the launch of the

30:

This article is about the British railway company that existed before the creation of

5425: 2347: 2343: 2301: 2231: 2018: 1891: 1684: 1467: 1263: 1150: 1052: 942: 926: 819: 501: 432: 282: 4720:. The Oakwood Library of Railway History (2nd ed.). Headington: Oakwood Press. 2208:, Middlesex and was derailed. Several people were killed and many more were injured. 553:

The LMS was also the only one of the Big Four companies to operate rail services in

5111: 4905: 4879: 3595:

LMS 150: The London Midland and Scottish Railway – A Century and a Half of Progress

2778: 2634: 2379: 2147: 2085: 1993: 1128: 1088: 1024: 950: 941:

fare. Companies holding large freight accounts with the LMS received reduced price

889: 835: 815: 790: 69: 4788:

An Historical Survey of selected LMS Stations, Layouts and Illustrations, Volume 1

2338: 5066: 4677: 3507: 1957:, Lancashire due to a broken tyre on the locomotive. Fourteen people were killed. 3431:

Beverley Cole and Richard Durack, Railway Posters 1923–1947 (London, 1992) p.104

2717: 2699: 2540: 2383: 2359: 2134:

due to a signalman's error. Eleven people were killed and nineteen were injured.

2044:

and collided with a goods train that was being shunted. Four people were killed.

1433: 1397: 1243: 1204: 1183: 1035:

requiring 1,800 special trains, with a further 1,456 run in connection with the

364:), the LMS was nationalised on 1 January 1948, becoming part of the state-owned 266: 242: 199: 4570: 4362: 4335: 4305: 4275: 4245: 3508:"The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)" 3194: 2899:

It has been argued that the initials LMSR should be used to be consistent with

1967:

On 19 November 1926, a private owner wagon of a goods train disintegrated near

1311:). The table below shows all major works taken over by the LMS upon formation. 411:, which had been the main routes of the two largest constituent companies, the 4900: 4874: 4862: 2689: 2674: 2594:

In 1933, along with the other three main line railways, the LMS purchased the

2391: 2193:

On 14 October 1939, An express passenger train was involved in a collision at

2165: 2117: 2070: 1923: 1833: 1676: 1300: 922: 795: 509: 271: 261: 2739:

1923 – 1927 (formerly chief engineer of the London and North Western Railway)

1031:. Longer running events demanded operations on a much larger scale, with the 751:

The total route mileage of the LMS in 1923 was 7,790 miles (12,537 km).

4161: 4093: 4065: 3811:"Accident Returns: Extract for Accident at Diggle Junction on 5th July 1923" 2670: 2599: 2569: 2499: 2375: 2371: 2158: 2088:

due to excessive speed through a crossover. The locomotive crew were killed.

1986: 1040: 905:, while commercial activities were headed by Ashton Davies, formerly of the 2620: 2510: 1946:

overran signals and was in a rear-end collision with an excursion train at

1750:

Locomotives of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway § Preservation

1186:

coal trains, which took coal from the Nottinghamshire coalfield to London.

306:) was a British railway company. It was formed on 1 January 1923 under the 4219: 2650: 2363: 2264: 2184: 2131: 614: 3846:. Vol. 1. Redruth: Atlantic Books. pp. 31, 35–36, 38, 40, 42. 2628:, Manchester; one of many hotels formerly owned and operated by the LMS. 2190:

On 28 September 1939, a rear-end collision occurred at Winwick Junction.

2047:

On 2 February 1929, a passenger train was sent into the bay platform at

4628:

N. C. C. Saga: London, Midland and Scottish Railway in Northern Ireland

2565: 2561: 2367: 2334:

List of shipping facilities of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway

2304:), originally owned by the London & North Western Railway, and the 2124: 2062:

station, Derbyshire due to a signalman's error. Two people were killed.

2052: 2025: 1654: 1068: 1064: 1060: 774: 438:

were some notable examples which extended beyond this borderland zone.

4907:

A History of the LMS. Vol. 2: The Record Breaking 'Thirties, 1931–1939

5060:

Use Advanced Search/Collections/LMS to view these images held by the

2077:, Cumberland. Two people were killed and four were seriously injured. 1859:

were already completed prior to the formation of the LMS. Lines from

818:

in 1932, heralded a change. Stanier introduced practices used at the

4809:. LMS Locomotive Profile. Vol. 13. Wild Swan Publications Ltd. 2278:

due to defective track. Five people were killed and 64 were injured.

1766:

Suburban electrification of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway

2308:, owned by the North Staffordshire Railway. Many were abandoned by 1250:

and by the time of grouping was the locomotive works for the LNWR.

5067:

Documents and clippings about London, Midland and Scottish Railway

2844: 2669: 2619: 2337: 2169: 2099: 2073:

against signals. It subsequently collided with a ballast train at

2029: 1979: 1772: 1653: 1179: 1001: 636: 378: 276: 2249:

On 30 September 1945, an express passenger train was derailed at

1953:

On 4 November 1924, an express passenger train was derailed near

5037: 4805:

Hunt, David; Jennison, Kohn; Essery, Robert (23 November 2010).

1837: 1044: 652:

List of constituents of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway

255: 5083: 2226:

On 21 July 1945, an express passenger train overran signals at

863:

some have been developed for 125 mph inter-city services.

2806: 2751:

1933 – 1948 (previously Locomotive and Civil Engineer of the

1699: 34:

in 1948. For the former West Midlands Franchise operator, see

2080:

On 22 March 1931, an express passenger train was derailed at

1999:

On 27 August 1928, a passenger train crashed into buffers at

1960:

On 8 September 1926, a passenger train was unable to stop at

691:, amalgamated 1 January 1922) 2,667.5 miles (4,292.9 km) 5288: 4122:"Report on the Accident at Kings Langley on 13th March 1935" 3427: 3425: 2274:

On 21 July 1947, an express passenger train was derailed at

2153:

On 23 February 1937, an express goods train was derailed at

1797:

system in use by tube and sub-surface railways (such as the

333:

and the United Kingdom's second largest employer, after the

4656:

An illustrated history of British Railway Hotels: 1838-1983

2187:

due to an obstruction on the line. Four people were killed.

1909:

had been electrified by the Midland Railway using a 6600 V

2616:

List of hotels of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway

1978:

On 30 November 1926, a passenger train overran signals at

715:. The LMS was the minority partner (with the LNER) in the 4553: 4551: 3226: 3224: 1992:

On 2 July 1928, a goods train was derailed at Pinwherry,

5230: 4881:

A History of the LMS. Vol. 1: The First Years, 1923–1930

4026:"Report on the Accident at Ashchurch on 8 January 1929" 3796:"Accident at Dinwoodie – Wamphray on 25th October 1928" 3536: 3534: 3532: 3530: 1715: 1631:

Locomotives of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway

1272:, north east of Glasgow, had been built in 1856 by the 656:

The LMS was formed from the following major companies:

573:) gauge track with a further 63 miles (101 km) of 4718:

The Manchester South Junction & Altrincham Railway

4403: 4401: 4399: 3972:. Penryn: Atlantic Books. pp. 16, 22, 24–25, 27. 3890:. Penryn: Atlantic Books. pp. 20–21, 23, 26, 31. 3469: 3467: 3454: 3452: 3450: 3448: 3446: 3321: 3319: 3317: 3315: 3313: 3311: 3309: 3284: 3282: 3280: 3278: 3276: 3274: 3272: 3270: 3268: 3067: 3065: 3063: 3061: 3059: 2972: 2970: 2968: 2955: 2953: 2951: 2949: 2947: 2945: 2263:

On 12 April 1947, a passenger train was derailed near

1832:

In the Liverpool area, lines were electrified using a

964:

in Derby to train its staff in best railway practice.

945:

for nominated employees, while commercial travellers,

3002: 3000: 2386:. The LMS also inherited steamers and piers from the 2211:

On 4 September 1942, a goods train overran a loop at

2201:. Five people were killed, more than 30 were injured. 2094:

On 18 December 1931, a goods train became divided at

1231:

in Worcestershire, which had been inherited from the

641:

LMS crest, carved into the stonework at Leeds station

5406:

History of rail transport in Great Britain 1923–1947

5058:

LMS images of tourist attractions along their routes

4926:

Simmons, Jack; Biddle, Gordon, eds. (October 1997).

2987: 2985: 2532:

Sold in 1927 to Angleterre-Lorraine-Alsace, renamed

2179:

On 5 August 1939, a passenger train was derailed at

937:

and locomotive cleaners trained to replace firemen.

5350: 5287: 5229: 5171: 4973:Whitehouse, Patrick; Thomas, David St John (2002). 4571:"New West Coast rail franchise to run HS2 services" 2105:On 17 June 1932, a passenger train was derailed at 2024:On 8 January 1929, an express passenger train from 1650:

Coaches of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway

1203:Two facilities were located in Derby, one known as 739:

Joint Midland and Great Northern of Ireland Railway

288: 248: 198: 193: 153: 102: 94: 86: 76: 65: 60: 4904: 4878: 4503: 4475: 4447: 4361: 4334: 4304: 4274: 4244: 3920:. Penryn: Atlantic Books. pp. 14–15, 17, 19. 3350: 3161: 3106: 3104: 2378:to much smaller facilities including piers on the 806:The arrival of the new chief mechanical engineer, 745:All of the above operated, at least partially, in 4786:Hendry, Dr R. Preston; Hendry, R. Powell (1982). 2684:Charles Lawrence, 1st Baron Lawrence of Kingsgate 2065:On 6 March 1930, a passenger train departed from 1888:Manchester, South Junction and Altrincham Railway 1781:as used by the LMS in the London area, stands at 1658:An LMS sleeping car in the standard maroon livery 1280:in Staffordshire were established in 1864 by the 1242:also contributed several works sites to the LMS. 741:91 miles (146 km), with interests in Ireland 4557: 4542: 4530: 4431: 4419: 4407: 4206: 3653: 3627:The Lancashire & Yorkshire Railway, volume 2 3576: 3564: 3552: 3540: 3473: 3458: 3337: 3325: 3300: 3288: 3242: 3230: 3071: 3018: 3006: 2991: 2976: 2959: 2013:On 25 October 1928, a goods train broke down at 557:, serving most major settlements in the region. 3778: 3776: 3774: 3713: 3711: 3709: 3707: 3694: 3692: 3679: 3677: 3664: 3662: 3496: 3494: 2479:Sank on 13 August 1941 off the Egyptian coast. 1254:in Buckinghamshire had been established by the 4329: 4327: 4072:. Truro: Atlantic Books. pp. 19, 25, 48. 3189: 3187: 1793:Schemes in the London area generally used the 1639:List of LMS locomotives as of 31 December 1947 565:, and consisted of 201 miles (323 km) of 5172: 5095: 4867:Sir William Stanier: An engineering biography 4601:Intellectual Property Office (United Kingdom) 3215: 2911:. The London, Midland and Scottish Railway's 2851:which operated services primarily around the 535:, and the Great Western running services via 8: 4828:. Wellingborough: Patrick Stephens Limited. 4701:(10th ed.). Harrow: Capital Transport. 3995: 3993: 3991: 3989: 3963: 3961: 3959: 3957: 3955: 3953: 3951: 3949: 3911: 3909: 3907: 3881: 3879: 3877: 3875: 1211:. The former was opened in the 1840s by the 929:, and trained staff to step into key roles; 854:. British Railways transferred the lines in 43: 4928:Oxford Companion to British Railway History 2847:in the form of the train operating company 2677:, Chairman of the LMS between 1924 and 1927 2649:in Morecambe, which had been rebuilt as an 2330:Irish Mercantile Marine during World War II 1985:In June 1928, a mail train was derailed at 1635:LMS locomotive numbering and classification 5411:List of companies involved in the grouping 5102: 5088: 5080: 4386: 4384: 4004:. Penryn: Atlantic Books. pp. 21–25. 3837: 3835: 3833: 3831: 3829: 3827: 2407: 663:1,114.4 miles (1,793 km) route length 90:England; Northern Ireland; Scotland; Wales 49: 4442: 4440: 4239: 4237: 4060: 4058: 3782: 3729: 3717: 3698: 3683: 3668: 3504:inflation figures are based on data from 3485: 3398: 3377: 3121: 3119: 3110: 3095: 3083: 1266:in Lancashire, which had opened in 1886. 326:), and numerous other, smaller ventures. 5457:British companies disestablished in 1948 5442:Railway companies disestablished in 1948 5351: 4658:. St Michael's: Silver Link Publishing. 3174: 3172: 3170: 2006:In August 1928, a train was derailed at 1313: 447:Midland and Great Northern Joint Railway 4966:The London Tilbury and Southend Railway 4390: 4168:. Redruth: Atlantic Books. p. 48. 4100:. Redruth: Atlantic Books. p. 29. 3741: 2941: 2892: 2586:The LMS also inherited docks at Goole. 1692:and production at Newton Heath ceased. 481:County Donegal Railways Joint Committee 348:, along with the other members of the " 4520:– via British Newspaper Archive. 4492:– via British Newspaper Archive. 4464:– via British Newspaper Archive. 4299: 4297: 4269: 4267: 3367:– via British Newspaper Archive. 3125: 953:were all tempted with special offers. 722:In Ireland there were three railways: 55:Crest of the LMS on a railway carriage 42: 5462:British companies established in 1923 5437:Railway companies established in 1923 4977:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. 4630:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. 4031:. Ministry of Transport. 5 March 1929 3765: 3753: 3137: 1890:were electrified using the 1500 V DC 892:, who had briefly held the office of 475:holdings, the LMS, together with the 18:London Midland & Scottish Railway 7: 5432:London, Midland and Scottish Railway 4649:. Newton Abbot: David & Charles. 4148: 4049: 3940: 3866: 3178: 2564:, used for pleasure excursions from 1882:had already been electrified by the 1871:were added to this network in 1938. 617:, who could take LNER services from 599:London, Tilbury and Southend Railway 300:London, Midland and Scottish Railway 44:London, Midland and Scottish Railway 3149: 2843:The name of the LMS was revived by 1913:overhead system, as early as 1908. 727:Dundalk, Newry and Greenore Railway 492:LMS were mainly overlapping on the 98:1 January 1923–1 January 1948 27:British railway company (1923–1947) 5452:Standard gauge railways in England 5447:Big four British railway companies 5366:London, Brighton & South Coast 4735:Ellis, Cuthbert Hamilton (1961) . 4697:Day, John R.; Reed, John (2008) . 2666:Chairmen of the board of directors 1996:due to excessive speed on a curve. 1671:and the L&YR at Newton Heath. 783:Locomotives of the Midland Railway 711:, and one of the most famous, the 25: 5376:South Eastern and Chatham Railway 5371:London, Chatham and Dover Railway 4699:The Story of London's Underground 4597:"Trade mark number UK00003270382" 3820:– via The Railways Archive. 3255:"Main-Line Companies Dissolved". 2271:when a bridge collapsed under it. 1597:Locomotive, Carriage & Wagon 1514:Locomotive, Carriage & Wagon 1305:Glasgow and South Western Railway 1233:Birmingham and Gloucester Railway 1006:LMS monogram at Llandudno Station 673:Glasgow and South Western Railway 462:Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway 453:was wholly incorporated into the 140:Glasgow and South Western Railway 4626:Arnold, R. M. (16 August 1973). 3162:Hunt, Jennison & Essery 2010 2811: 2442:Isle of Man Steam Packet Company 2346:. This ship was part of the LMS 1894:system, opening on 11 May 1931. 1884:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway 1703: 1260:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway 907:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway 689:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway 685:London and North Western Railway 595:London and North Western Railway 477:Great Northern Railway (Ireland) 443:London and North Eastern Railway 413:London and North Western Railway 358:London and North Eastern Railway 320:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway 312:London and North Western Railway 120:Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway 110:London and North Western Railway 4739:(4th ed.). Hampton Court: 4484:. Northern Ireland. 16 May 1933 3809:Pringle, J.W. (8 August 1923). 3037:. Virgin Trains. Archived from 2638:largest chain of hotels in the 2362:through ferry harbours such as 585:Apparent geographical anomalies 5151:London, Midland & Scottish 5053:LMS discussion group on Yahoo! 2737:Ernest Frederic Crosbie Trench 1665:Derby Carriage and Wagon Works 1178:Particularly notable were the 1132:between London St Pancras and 810:, who was brought in from the 697:2,170.75 miles (3,493 km) 403:The principal routes were the 1: 4790:. Oxford Publishing Company. 4752:. Oxford Publishing Company. 4750:LMS Branch Lines, 1945 – 1965 4196:(Requires login/subscription) 2003:, London, injuring 30 people. 1874:In Manchester, the line from 1559: 1533: 1256:London and Birmingham Railway 998:Charter and excursion traffic 352:" British railway companies ( 4911:. George Allen & Unwin. 4885:. George Allen & Unwin. 4645:Bonavia, Michael R. (1980). 4558:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 4543:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 4531:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 4432:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 4420:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 4408:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 4207:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 4124:. Office of Rail Regulation. 3654:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3577:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3565:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3553:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3541:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3474:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3459:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3338:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3326:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3301:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3289:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3243:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3231:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3072:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3019:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 3007:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 2992:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 2977:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 2960:Whitehouse & Thomas 2002 2553: 2525: 2498:Sold in 1928 to Bland Line, 2491: 2459: 2433: 2314:British Transport Commission 822:that had been introduced by 709:Midland & Great Northern 292:7,790 miles (12,537 km) 5308:Glasgow & South Western 5071:20th Century Press Archives 4136:"Four Fold Train Collision" 3086:, Chapter I: "Introduction" 2866:LMS was trademarked by the 2753:Northern Counties Committee 2596:Hay's Wharf Cartage Company 2556: 2528: 2494: 2462: 2436: 2260:; 20 killed and 21 injured. 2036:when it overran signals at 1282:North Staffordshire Railway 1262:, including their works at 1047:in the Scottish highlands, 1023:, and a further 55 for the 733:Northern Counties Committee 701:North Staffordshire Railway 563:Northern Counties Committee 549:Northern Counties Committee 184:Northern Counties Committee 125:North Staffordshire Railway 5478: 5361:London & South Western 5323:London & North Western 5318:Lancashire & Yorkshire 5140:London & North Eastern 4456:. England. 5 February 1927 4194:Retrieved on 29 June 2008 2760:Chief mechanical engineers 2725:Sir William Valentine Wood 2613: 2327: 2239: 2135: 1939:. Four people were killed. 1897:Finally the route between 1763: 1747: 1647: 1628: 1416:Derby Carriage & Wagon 1246:was opened in 1840 by the 1190:Traction and rolling stock 860:Ulster Transport Authority 735:265.25 miles (426 km) 703:220.75 miles (355 km) 649: 546: 430: 177:Ulster Transport Authority 29: 5398: 5119: 5114:British railway companies 4843:Kay, Peter (April 2010). 4824:Jenkinson, David (1990). 4512:. England. 27 August 1948 4166:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 4 4098:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 3 4070:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 4 4002:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 7 3970:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 6 3918:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 8 3888:Trains in Trouble: Vol. 5 3352:"LMS School of Transport" 3216:Simmons & Biddle 1997 2820:This article needs to be 2421: 2416: 2413: 2410: 2401:Ships inherited from the 2316:, and eventually to the 2251:Bourne End, Hertfordshire 1109:in six and a half hours. 1033:Glasgow Empire Exhibition 894:Chief Mechanical Engineer 824:George Jackson Churchward 675:498.5 miles (802 km) 445:, the LMS ran the former 48: 5062:English Heritage Archive 3842:Trevena, Arthur (1980). 2868:Department for Transport 2487:SS Duchess of Devonshire 2350:fleet from 1935 to 1947. 1962:Leeds Wellington station 1270:St. Rollox railway works 1154:conveying portions from 834:The war-damaged LMS was 717:Cheshire Lines Committee 567:5 ft 3 in 383:1920s map of LMS network 234:5 ft 3 in 5255:Great North of Scotland 4654:Carter, Oliver (1990). 4647:The Four Great Railways 4000:Earnshaw, Alan (1991). 3968:Earnshaw, Alan (1990). 3916:Earnshaw, Alan (1993). 3886:Earnshaw, Alan (1989). 3506:Clark, Gregory (2017). 3359:. England. 22 July 1938 2863:between 2007 and 2017. 2318:British Waterways Board 1037:Blackpool Illuminations 978:Royal Academy of London 896:pending the arrival of 880:Commercial organisation 729:26.5 miles (42 km) 681:506 miles (814 km) 669:158 miles (254 km) 623:London Liverpool Street 603:London Fenchurch Street 601:which operated between 272:side contact third rail 4807:The standard compounds 4769:The Railway Detectives 4767:Hall, Stanley (1990). 4748:Gammell, C.J. (1980). 4716:Dixon, Frank (1994) . 2855:and services north to 2678: 2629: 2351: 2306:Trent and Mersey Canal 1944:electric multiple unit 1790: 1779:electric multiple unit 1712:This section is empty. 1659: 1248:Grand Junction Railway 1221:Birmingham & Derby 1071:ferry service and the 1007: 802:The Stanier revolution 642: 609:, with a loop serving 384: 5381:South Eastern Railway 4964:Welch, H. D. (1963). 4945:Welbourn, N. (1994). 4771:. London: Ian Allan. 4682:. London: Ian Allan. 4679:Britain's Joint Lines 4510:Derby Daily Telegraph 3633:. pp. 214, 224. 3591:Thomas, David St John 3589:Whitehouse, Patrick; 3357:Derby Daily Telegraph 2857:Liverpool Lime Street 2755:in Northern Ireland.) 2749:William Kelly Wallace 2673: 2653:landmark, as had the 2623: 2614:Further information: 2422:Notes and references 2341: 2328:Further information: 2294:Montgomeryshire Canal 2283:Non-railway interests 2276:Grendon, Warwickshire 2242:Bourne End rail crash 1969:Parkgate and Rawmarsh 1942:On 26 April 1924, an 1783:Harrow and Wealdstone 1776: 1764:Further information: 1657: 1556:Carriage & Wagon 1506:Lochgorm (Inverness) 1425:Carriage & Wagon 1339:Carriage & Wagon 1320:Pre-grouping company 1005: 848:London Midland Region 812:Great Western Railway 770:Birmingham New Street 713:Somerset & Dorset 650:Further information: 640: 629:to Fenchurch Street. 625:or LMS services from 547:Further information: 382: 354:Great Western Railway 165:London Midland Region 4477:"The L.M.S. Railway" 3399:& Wilkinson 1969 3378:& Wilkinson 1969 3258:The Railway Magazine 2872:InterCity West Coast 2731:Chief civil engineer 2598:Ltd., the owners of 2509:Scrapped in 1949 at 2440:Sold in 1928 to the 2258:Lichfield rail crash 1855:and from Aintree to 1799:Metropolitan Railway 1755:Technical innovation 1297:North London Railway 1115:Thames-Clyde Express 487:Areas of competition 479:, jointly owned the 405:West Coast Main Line 5333:North Staffordshire 5260:Hull & Barnsley 5110:The "Big Four" pre- 5022:G. C. Nash (1946). 4930:(1 ed.). OUP. 4743:. 940/554/125 1059. 4737:The Midland Railway 4482:Belfast News-Letter 4222:. Simplon Postcards 4192:. 11 February 1937. 3742:Day & Reed 2008 3631:David & Charles 3599:David & Charles 3032:"The LMS era (PDF)" 2543:, Germany in 1937. 2221:blackout conditions 1917:All-steel carriages 1880:Manchester Victoria 1836:, energised at 630 962:School of Transport 842:, becoming part of 471:Through the former 265:630 V DC third and 45: 5026:. LMS. p. 88. 4999:. London: Seeley. 4368:Miramar Ship Index 4341:Miramar Ship Index 4311:Miramar Ship Index 4281:Miramar Ship Index 4251:Miramar Ship Index 3601:. pp. 165–9. 3502:Retail Price Index 3044:on 16 October 2006 2797:Henry George Ivatt 2743:Alexander Newlands 2679: 2630: 2579:Scrapped in 1960. 2455:SS City of Belfast 2352: 2138:Winwick rail crash 1845:Liverpool Exchange 1791: 1660: 1347:Barrow-in-Furness 1274:Caledonian Railway 1209:Carriage and Wagon 1134:Manchester Central 1082:Scheduled services 1008: 867:Railway operations 840:Transport Act 1947 661:Caledonian Railway 643: 512:, with the former 441:Together with the 385: 346:Transport Act 1947 324:Caledonian Railway 135:Caledonian Railway 95:Dates of operation 5419: 5418: 5006:978-0-85422-000-7 4997:A Brush with Life 4993:Wilkinson, Norman 4937:978-0-19-211697-0 4854:978-1-899890-43-9 4816:978-1-905184-81-1 4708:978-1-85414-316-7 4637:978-0-7153-5644-9 4577:. 4 November 2016 4560:, pp. 58–59. 4220:"Midland Railway" 3844:Trains in Trouble 3233:, pp. 38–39. 3195:"William Stanier" 3113:, pp. 46–67. 3098:, pp. 15–36. 2926:photolithographic 2876:Avanti West Coast 2841: 2840: 2584: 2583: 2448:in November 1936 2356:Barrow-in-Furness 2310:Act of Parliament 2223:and was derailed. 2010:, Worcestershire. 2008:Ashton under Hill 1732: 1731: 1622: 1621: 1307:) and Inverness ( 1289:Barrow-in-Furness 1120:London St Pancras 983:photolithographic 949:and conveyors of 619:Southend Victoria 409:Midland Main Line 394:Railways Act 1921 308:Railways Act 1921 296: 295: 16:(Redirected from 5469: 5353: 5290: 5232: 5174: 5164: 5159: 5153: 5148: 5142: 5137: 5131: 5126: 5104: 5097: 5090: 5081: 5027: 5010: 4988: 4969: 4968:. Oakwood Press. 4960: 4941: 4922: 4910: 4896: 4884: 4870: 4858: 4839: 4820: 4801: 4782: 4763: 4744: 4731: 4712: 4693: 4674:Casserley, H. C. 4669: 4650: 4641: 4612: 4611: 4609: 4607: 4593: 4587: 4586: 4584: 4582: 4567: 4561: 4555: 4546: 4540: 4534: 4528: 4522: 4521: 4519: 4517: 4507: 4505:"Civil Engineer" 4500: 4494: 4493: 4491: 4489: 4479: 4472: 4466: 4465: 4463: 4461: 4451: 4449:"L.M.S. Changes" 4444: 4435: 4429: 4423: 4417: 4411: 4405: 4394: 4388: 4379: 4378: 4376: 4374: 4365: 4358: 4352: 4351: 4349: 4347: 4338: 4331: 4322: 4321: 4319: 4317: 4308: 4301: 4292: 4291: 4289: 4287: 4278: 4271: 4262: 4261: 4259: 4257: 4248: 4241: 4232: 4231: 4229: 4227: 4216: 4210: 4204: 4198: 4193: 4186: 4180: 4179: 4158: 4152: 4146: 4140: 4139: 4138:. British Pathe. 4132: 4126: 4125: 4118: 4112: 4111: 4090: 4084: 4083: 4062: 4053: 4047: 4041: 4040: 4038: 4036: 4030: 4022: 4016: 4015: 3997: 3984: 3983: 3965: 3944: 3938: 3932: 3931: 3913: 3902: 3901: 3883: 3870: 3864: 3858: 3857: 3839: 3822: 3821: 3819: 3817: 3806: 3800: 3799: 3792: 3786: 3780: 3769: 3763: 3757: 3751: 3745: 3739: 3733: 3727: 3721: 3715: 3702: 3696: 3687: 3681: 3672: 3666: 3657: 3651: 3645: 3644: 3629:. Newton Abbot: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3597:. Newton Abbot: 3586: 3580: 3574: 3568: 3562: 3556: 3550: 3544: 3538: 3525: 3524: 3522: 3520: 3498: 3489: 3483: 3477: 3471: 3462: 3456: 3441: 3438: 3432: 3429: 3420: 3417: 3411: 3408: 3402: 3396: 3390: 3387: 3381: 3375: 3369: 3368: 3366: 3364: 3354: 3347: 3341: 3335: 3329: 3323: 3304: 3298: 3292: 3286: 3263: 3262: 3252: 3246: 3240: 3234: 3228: 3219: 3213: 3207: 3206: 3204: 3202: 3191: 3182: 3176: 3165: 3159: 3153: 3147: 3141: 3135: 3129: 3123: 3114: 3108: 3099: 3093: 3087: 3081: 3075: 3069: 3054: 3053: 3051: 3049: 3043: 3036: 3028: 3022: 3016: 3010: 3004: 2995: 2989: 2980: 2974: 2963: 2957: 2929: 2922: 2916: 2897: 2836: 2833: 2827: 2815: 2814: 2807: 2791:Charles Fairburn 2574:Second World War 2489: 2408: 2109:, Staffordshire. 2107:Great Bridgeford 2082:Leighton Buzzard 1955:Lytham St. Annes 1950:station, London. 1815:Watford Junction 1727: 1724: 1714:You can help by 1707: 1700: 1564: 1561: 1538: 1535: 1314: 1309:Highland Railway 1217:Midland Counties 1124:Glasgow St Enoch 1073:Belgian railways 1063:, by way of the 1059:battlefields in 1012:excursion trains 988:Irish Free State 974:Norman Wilkinson 915:Irish Free State 856:Northern Ireland 850:and part of the 846:. It formed the 844:British Railways 779:Sir Henry Fowler 747:Northern Ireland 679:Highland Railway 627:Southend Central 580: 576: 572: 568: 555:Northern Ireland 543:Northern Ireland 494:West London Line 366:British Railways 362:Southern Railway 342:Northern Ireland 243:Northern Ireland 240: 235: 230: 224: 220: 218: 217: 213: 210: 158:British Railways 145:Highland Railway 53: 46: 32:British Railways 21: 5477: 5476: 5472: 5471: 5470: 5468: 5467: 5466: 5422: 5421: 5420: 5415: 5394: 5346: 5283: 5225: 5182:Alexandra Docks 5167: 5157: 5156: 5146: 5145: 5135: 5134: 5124: 5123: 5115: 5112:nationalisation 5108: 5038:The LMS Society 5034: 5021: 5018: 5016:Further reading 5013: 5007: 4991: 4985: 4972: 4963: 4957: 4947:Lost Lines: LMR 4944: 4938: 4925: 4919: 4899: 4893: 4873: 4861: 4855: 4842: 4836: 4823: 4817: 4804: 4798: 4785: 4779: 4766: 4760: 4747: 4734: 4728: 4715: 4709: 4696: 4690: 4672: 4666: 4653: 4644: 4638: 4625: 4621: 4616: 4615: 4605: 4603: 4595: 4594: 4590: 4580: 4578: 4569: 4568: 4564: 4556: 4549: 4541: 4537: 4529: 4525: 4515: 4513: 4502: 4501: 4497: 4487: 4485: 4474: 4473: 4469: 4459: 4457: 4454:Crewe Chronicle 4446: 4445: 4438: 4430: 4426: 4418: 4414: 4406: 4397: 4389: 4382: 4372: 4370: 4360: 4359: 4355: 4345: 4343: 4333: 4332: 4325: 4315: 4313: 4303: 4302: 4295: 4285: 4283: 4273: 4272: 4265: 4255: 4253: 4243: 4242: 4235: 4225: 4223: 4218: 4217: 4213: 4205: 4201: 4188: 4187: 4183: 4176: 4160: 4159: 4155: 4147: 4143: 4134: 4133: 4129: 4120: 4119: 4115: 4108: 4092: 4091: 4087: 4080: 4064: 4063: 4056: 4048: 4044: 4034: 4032: 4028: 4024: 4023: 4019: 4012: 3999: 3998: 3987: 3980: 3967: 3966: 3947: 3939: 3935: 3928: 3915: 3914: 3905: 3898: 3885: 3884: 3873: 3865: 3861: 3854: 3841: 3840: 3825: 3815: 3813: 3808: 3807: 3803: 3794: 3793: 3789: 3781: 3772: 3764: 3760: 3752: 3748: 3740: 3736: 3728: 3724: 3716: 3705: 3697: 3690: 3682: 3675: 3667: 3660: 3652: 3648: 3641: 3621: 3620: 3616: 3609: 3588: 3587: 3583: 3575: 3571: 3563: 3559: 3551: 3547: 3539: 3528: 3518: 3516: 3505: 3499: 3492: 3484: 3480: 3472: 3465: 3457: 3444: 3439: 3435: 3430: 3423: 3418: 3414: 3409: 3405: 3397: 3393: 3388: 3384: 3376: 3372: 3362: 3360: 3349: 3348: 3344: 3336: 3332: 3324: 3307: 3299: 3295: 3287: 3266: 3254: 3253: 3249: 3241: 3237: 3229: 3222: 3214: 3210: 3200: 3198: 3193: 3192: 3185: 3177: 3168: 3160: 3156: 3148: 3144: 3136: 3132: 3124: 3117: 3109: 3102: 3094: 3090: 3082: 3078: 3070: 3057: 3047: 3045: 3041: 3034: 3030: 3029: 3025: 3021:, pp. 7–8. 3017: 3013: 3005: 2998: 2990: 2983: 2975: 2966: 2958: 2943: 2938: 2933: 2932: 2923: 2919: 2913:corporate image 2898: 2894: 2889: 2884: 2837: 2831: 2828: 2825: 2816: 2812: 2805: 2785:William Stanier 2783:1932–1944: Sir 2762: 2733: 2709: 2668: 2663: 2618: 2612: 2604:Carter Paterson 2592: 2577: 2537: 2507: 2485: 2478: 2471: 2468:Nicolaos Togias 2418: 2403:Midland Railway 2388:Furness Railway 2336: 2326: 2298:Ellesmere Canal 2290: 2285: 2244: 2206:Wembley Central 2199:Buckinghamshire 2181:Saltcoats North 2140: 2049:Bridgeton Cross 2042:Gloucestershire 1989:, Lincolnshire. 1932: 1919: 1861:Birkenhead Park 1843:. Routes from 1787:nationalisation 1768: 1762: 1760:Electrification 1757: 1752: 1746: 1737: 1728: 1722: 1719: 1698: 1652: 1646: 1641: 1629:Main articles: 1627: 1562: 1536: 1293:Furness Railway 1252:Wolverton works 1225:Midland Railway 1197: 1192: 1172: 1107:Glasgow Central 1098:Coronation Scot 1084: 1057:First World War 1055:, and even the 1051:in the English 1000: 970: 968:Railway posters 957:Passenger miles 898:William Stanier 886:Midland Railway 882: 869: 852:Scottish Region 838:in 1948 by the 832: 830:Nationalisation 808:William Stanier 804: 757: 695:Midland Railway 667:Furness Railway 654: 648: 635: 591:Midland Railway 587: 578: 574: 570: 566: 551: 545: 524:Main Line from 516:main line from 506:South Yorkshire 489: 473:Midland Railway 435: 429: 417:Midland Railway 390: 377: 316:Midland Railway 274: 269: 264: 250:Electrification 238: 233: 231: 226: 222: 215: 211: 208: 206: 205:4 ft 204: 189: 175: 174: 170:Scottish Region 149: 130:Furness Railway 115:Midland Railway 56: 39: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 5475: 5473: 5465: 5464: 5459: 5454: 5449: 5444: 5439: 5434: 5424: 5423: 5417: 5416: 5414: 5413: 5408: 5403: 5399: 5396: 5395: 5393: 5392: 5391: 5390: 5378: 5373: 5368: 5363: 5357: 5355: 5348: 5347: 5345: 5344: 5343: 5342: 5330: 5325: 5320: 5315: 5310: 5305: 5300: 5294: 5292: 5285: 5284: 5282: 5281: 5280: 5279: 5267: 5262: 5257: 5252: 5250:Great Northern 5247: 5242: 5236: 5234: 5227: 5226: 5224: 5223: 5222: 5221: 5209: 5204: 5199: 5194: 5189: 5184: 5178: 5176: 5169: 5168: 5166: 5165: 5154: 5143: 5132: 5120: 5117: 5116: 5109: 5107: 5106: 5099: 5092: 5084: 5078: 5077: 5064: 5055: 5050: 5045: 5040: 5033: 5032:External links 5030: 5029: 5028: 5024:The LMS at War 5017: 5014: 5012: 5011: 5005: 4989: 4983: 4970: 4961: 4955: 4942: 4936: 4923: 4917: 4897: 4891: 4871: 4859: 4853: 4840: 4834: 4821: 4815: 4802: 4796: 4783: 4777: 4764: 4758: 4745: 4732: 4726: 4713: 4707: 4694: 4688: 4670: 4664: 4651: 4642: 4636: 4622: 4620: 4617: 4614: 4613: 4588: 4562: 4547: 4535: 4523: 4495: 4467: 4436: 4424: 4412: 4395: 4380: 4353: 4323: 4293: 4263: 4233: 4211: 4209:, p. 118. 4199: 4181: 4174: 4153: 4151:, p. 103. 4141: 4127: 4113: 4106: 4085: 4078: 4054: 4042: 4017: 4010: 3985: 3978: 3945: 3933: 3926: 3903: 3896: 3871: 3859: 3852: 3823: 3801: 3787: 3783:Jenkinson 1990 3770: 3758: 3746: 3734: 3730:Jenkinson 1990 3722: 3718:Jenkinson 1990 3703: 3699:Jenkinson 1990 3688: 3684:Jenkinson 1990 3673: 3669:Jenkinson 1990 3658: 3656:, p. 170. 3646: 3639: 3623:Marshall, John 3614: 3607: 3581: 3579:, p. 109. 3569: 3567:, p. 117. 3557: 3555:, p. 106. 3545: 3543:, p. 103. 3526: 3513:MeasuringWorth 3490: 3486:Jenkinson 1990 3478: 3463: 3442: 3433: 3421: 3412: 3403: 3391: 3382: 3370: 3342: 3340:, p. 100. 3330: 3305: 3293: 3264: 3247: 3235: 3220: 3208: 3197:. Graces Guide 3183: 3166: 3154: 3142: 3130: 3115: 3111:Casserley 1968 3100: 3096:Casserley 1968 3088: 3084:Casserley 1968 3076: 3074:, p. 186. 3055: 3023: 3011: 2996: 2981: 2979:, p. 205. 2964: 2962:, p. 204. 2940: 2939: 2937: 2934: 2931: 2930: 2917: 2891: 2890: 2888: 2885: 2883: 2880: 2849:London Midland 2839: 2838: 2819: 2817: 2810: 2804: 2801: 2800: 2799: 2793: 2787: 2781: 2775: 2769: 2761: 2758: 2757: 2756: 2746: 2740: 2732: 2729: 2728: 2727: 2721: 2708: 2705: 2704: 2703: 2692: 2690:Sir Guy Granet 2686: 2675:Sir Guy Granet 2667: 2664: 2662: 2661:Notable people 2659: 2640:British Empire 2611: 2608: 2591: 2590:Road transport 2588: 2582: 2581: 2558: 2555: 2552: 2546: 2545: 2530: 2527: 2524: 2521:SS Londonderry 2516: 2515: 2496: 2493: 2490: 2482: 2481: 2464: 2461: 2458: 2450: 2449: 2444:. Scrapped at 2438: 2435: 2432: 2424: 2423: 2420: 2415: 2412: 2396:Coniston Water 2325: 2322: 2289: 2286: 2284: 2281: 2280: 2279: 2272: 2261: 2254: 2246: 2245: 2240:Main article: 2236: 2235: 2224: 2209: 2202: 2191: 2188: 2177: 2173: 2162: 2155:West Hampstead 2151: 2144: 2141: 2136:Main article: 2128: 2121: 2114:Little Salkeld 2110: 2103: 2092: 2089: 2078: 2063: 2056: 2045: 2028:, Somerset to 2022: 2011: 2004: 1997: 1990: 1983: 1976: 1965: 1958: 1951: 1940: 1931: 1928: 1922:steel tube or 1918: 1915: 1801:). Lines from 1785:station after 1761: 1758: 1756: 1753: 1748:Main article: 1745: 1742: 1736: 1733: 1730: 1729: 1710: 1708: 1697: 1694: 1648:Main article: 1645: 1644:Coaching stock 1642: 1626: 1623: 1620: 1619: 1616: 1613: 1608: 1602: 1601: 1598: 1595: 1590: 1584: 1583: 1580: 1577: 1572: 1570:Stoke-on-Trent 1566: 1565: 1557: 1554: 1544: 1540: 1539: 1531: 1528: 1523: 1519: 1518: 1515: 1512: 1507: 1503: 1502: 1499: 1496: 1491: 1487: 1486: 1483: 1480: 1470: 1464: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1452: 1448: 1447: 1444: 1441: 1436: 1430: 1429: 1426: 1423: 1418: 1412: 1411: 1408: 1405: 1400: 1394: 1393: 1390: 1387: 1382: 1376: 1375: 1372: 1369: 1364: 1360: 1359: 1356: 1353: 1348: 1344: 1343: 1340: 1337: 1332: 1328: 1327: 1326:Closed by LMS 1324: 1321: 1318: 1196: 1193: 1191: 1188: 1171: 1170:Goods services 1168: 1138:The Irish Mail 1083: 1080: 1017:Grand National 999: 996: 969: 966: 951:racing pigeons 943:season tickets 881: 878: 868: 865: 831: 828: 803: 800: 796:Sir Guy Granet 756: 753: 743: 742: 736: 730: 705: 704: 698: 692: 682: 676: 670: 664: 647: 644: 634: 631: 586: 583: 581:) gauge line. 544: 541: 488: 485: 431:Main article: 428: 425: 419:respectively. 389: 386: 376: 373: 331:British Empire 294: 293: 290: 286: 285: 252: 246: 245: 228:standard gauge 202: 196: 195: 191: 190: 188: 187: 180: 173: 172: 167: 161: 155: 151: 150: 148: 147: 142: 137: 132: 127: 122: 117: 112: 106: 104: 100: 99: 96: 92: 91: 88: 84: 83: 80: 78:Reporting mark 74: 73: 67: 63: 62: 58: 57: 54: 36:London Midland 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 5474: 5463: 5460: 5458: 5455: 5453: 5450: 5448: 5445: 5443: 5440: 5438: 5435: 5433: 5430: 5429: 5427: 5412: 5409: 5407: 5404: 5401: 5400: 5397: 5389: 5388: 5384: 5383: 5382: 5379: 5377: 5374: 5372: 5369: 5367: 5364: 5362: 5359: 5358: 5356: 5349: 5341: 5340: 5336: 5335: 5334: 5331: 5329: 5326: 5324: 5321: 5319: 5316: 5314: 5311: 5309: 5306: 5304: 5301: 5299: 5296: 5295: 5293: 5286: 5278: 5277: 5273: 5272: 5271: 5270:North Eastern 5268: 5266: 5265:North British 5263: 5261: 5258: 5256: 5253: 5251: 5248: 5246: 5245:Great Eastern 5243: 5241: 5240:Great Central 5238: 5237: 5235: 5228: 5220: 5219: 5215: 5214: 5213: 5210: 5208: 5205: 5203: 5202:Great Western 5200: 5198: 5195: 5193: 5190: 5188: 5185: 5183: 5180: 5179: 5177: 5170: 5163: 5155: 5152: 5144: 5141: 5133: 5130: 5129:Great Western 5122: 5121: 5118: 5113: 5105: 5100: 5098: 5093: 5091: 5086: 5085: 5082: 5076: 5072: 5068: 5065: 5063: 5059: 5056: 5054: 5051: 5049: 5048:The LMS Forum 5046: 5044: 5041: 5039: 5036: 5035: 5031: 5025: 5020: 5019: 5015: 5008: 5002: 4998: 4994: 4990: 4986: 4984:0-7153-1378-9 4980: 4976: 4971: 4967: 4962: 4958: 4956:0-7110-2277-1 4952: 4949:. Ian Allan. 4948: 4943: 4939: 4933: 4929: 4924: 4920: 4918:0-04-385093-6 4914: 4909: 4908: 4902: 4898: 4894: 4892:0-04-385087-1 4888: 4883: 4882: 4876: 4872: 4868: 4864: 4860: 4856: 4850: 4846: 4841: 4837: 4835:0-85059-912-1 4831: 4827: 4822: 4818: 4812: 4808: 4803: 4799: 4797:0-86093-168-4 4793: 4789: 4784: 4780: 4778:0-7110-1929-0 4774: 4770: 4765: 4761: 4759:0-86093-062-9 4755: 4751: 4746: 4742: 4738: 4733: 4729: 4727:0-85361-454-7 4723: 4719: 4714: 4710: 4704: 4700: 4695: 4691: 4689:0-7110-0024-7 4685: 4681: 4680: 4675: 4671: 4667: 4665:0-947971-36-X 4661: 4657: 4652: 4648: 4643: 4639: 4633: 4629: 4624: 4623: 4618: 4602: 4598: 4592: 4589: 4576: 4572: 4566: 4563: 4559: 4554: 4552: 4548: 4545:, p. 46. 4544: 4539: 4536: 4533:, p. 56. 4532: 4527: 4524: 4511: 4506: 4499: 4496: 4483: 4478: 4471: 4468: 4455: 4450: 4443: 4441: 4437: 4434:, p. 39. 4433: 4428: 4425: 4422:, p. 37. 4421: 4416: 4413: 4410:, p. 38. 4409: 4404: 4402: 4400: 4396: 4392: 4387: 4385: 4381: 4369: 4364: 4357: 4354: 4342: 4337: 4330: 4328: 4324: 4312: 4307: 4300: 4298: 4294: 4282: 4277: 4270: 4268: 4264: 4252: 4247: 4240: 4238: 4234: 4221: 4215: 4212: 4208: 4203: 4200: 4197: 4191: 4185: 4182: 4177: 4175:0-906899-07-9 4171: 4167: 4163: 4157: 4154: 4150: 4145: 4142: 4137: 4131: 4128: 4123: 4117: 4114: 4109: 4107:0-906899-05-2 4103: 4099: 4095: 4089: 4086: 4081: 4079:0-906899-07-9 4075: 4071: 4067: 4061: 4059: 4055: 4052:, p. 95. 4051: 4046: 4043: 4027: 4021: 4018: 4013: 4011:0-906899-50-8 4007: 4003: 3996: 3994: 3992: 3990: 3986: 3981: 3979:0-906899-37-0 3975: 3971: 3964: 3962: 3960: 3958: 3956: 3954: 3952: 3950: 3946: 3943:, p. 85. 3942: 3937: 3934: 3929: 3927:0-906899-52-4 3923: 3919: 3912: 3910: 3908: 3904: 3899: 3897:0-906899-35-4 3893: 3889: 3882: 3880: 3878: 3876: 3872: 3869:, p. 83. 3868: 3863: 3860: 3855: 3853:0-906899-01-X 3849: 3845: 3838: 3836: 3834: 3832: 3830: 3828: 3824: 3812: 3805: 3802: 3797: 3791: 3788: 3785:, p. 31. 3784: 3779: 3777: 3775: 3771: 3768:, p. 129 3767: 3762: 3759: 3755: 3750: 3747: 3744:, p. 102 3743: 3738: 3735: 3732:, p. 24. 3731: 3726: 3723: 3720:, p. 23. 3719: 3714: 3712: 3710: 3708: 3704: 3701:, p. 21. 3700: 3695: 3693: 3689: 3686:, p. 11. 3685: 3680: 3678: 3674: 3671:, p. 10. 3670: 3665: 3663: 3659: 3655: 3650: 3647: 3642: 3640:0-7153-4906-6 3636: 3632: 3628: 3624: 3618: 3615: 3610: 3608:0-7153-8740-5 3604: 3600: 3596: 3592: 3585: 3582: 3578: 3573: 3570: 3566: 3561: 3558: 3554: 3549: 3546: 3542: 3537: 3535: 3533: 3531: 3527: 3515: 3514: 3509: 3503: 3497: 3495: 3491: 3488:, p. 87. 3487: 3482: 3479: 3476:, p. 99. 3475: 3470: 3468: 3464: 3461:, p. 98. 3460: 3455: 3453: 3451: 3449: 3447: 3443: 3437: 3434: 3428: 3426: 3422: 3416: 3413: 3407: 3404: 3401:, p. 105 3400: 3395: 3392: 3386: 3383: 3380:, p. 104 3379: 3374: 3371: 3358: 3353: 3346: 3343: 3339: 3334: 3331: 3328:, p. 96. 3327: 3322: 3320: 3318: 3316: 3314: 3312: 3310: 3306: 3303:, p. 14. 3302: 3297: 3294: 3291:, p. 97. 3290: 3285: 3283: 3281: 3279: 3277: 3275: 3273: 3271: 3269: 3265: 3260: 3259: 3251: 3248: 3245:, p. 23. 3244: 3239: 3236: 3232: 3227: 3225: 3221: 3217: 3212: 3209: 3196: 3190: 3188: 3184: 3180: 3175: 3173: 3171: 3167: 3163: 3158: 3155: 3151: 3146: 3143: 3139: 3134: 3131: 3127: 3122: 3120: 3116: 3112: 3107: 3105: 3101: 3097: 3092: 3089: 3085: 3080: 3077: 3073: 3068: 3066: 3064: 3062: 3060: 3056: 3040: 3033: 3027: 3024: 3020: 3015: 3012: 3009:, p. 15. 3008: 3003: 3001: 2997: 2993: 2988: 2986: 2982: 2978: 2973: 2971: 2969: 2965: 2961: 2956: 2954: 2952: 2950: 2948: 2946: 2942: 2935: 2927: 2921: 2918: 2914: 2910: 2906: 2902: 2896: 2893: 2886: 2881: 2879: 2877: 2873: 2869: 2864: 2862: 2861:London Euston 2859:and south to 2858: 2854: 2853:West Midlands 2850: 2846: 2835: 2823: 2818: 2809: 2808: 2802: 2798: 2794: 2792: 2788: 2786: 2782: 2780: 2776: 2774: 2770: 2768: 2767:George Hughes 2764: 2763: 2759: 2754: 2750: 2747: 2744: 2741: 2738: 2735: 2734: 2730: 2726: 2722: 2719: 2715: 2711: 2710: 2706: 2701: 2697: 2693: 2691: 2687: 2685: 2681: 2680: 2676: 2672: 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Ian Allan. 4866: 4844: 4825: 4806: 4787: 4768: 4749: 4736: 4717: 4698: 4678: 4655: 4646: 4627: 4604:. Retrieved 4591: 4579:. Retrieved 4574: 4565: 4538: 4526: 4514:. Retrieved 4509: 4498: 4486:. Retrieved 4481: 4470: 4458:. Retrieved 4453: 4427: 4415: 4391:Bonavia 1980 4371:. Retrieved 4356: 4344:. Retrieved 4314:. Retrieved 4284:. Retrieved 4254:. Retrieved 4224:. Retrieved 4214: 4202: 4195: 4184: 4165: 4156: 4144: 4130: 4116: 4097: 4088: 4069: 4045: 4033:. Retrieved 4020: 4001: 3969: 3936: 3917: 3887: 3862: 3843: 3814:. Retrieved 3804: 3790: 3761: 3756:, p. 67 3749: 3737: 3725: 3649: 3626: 3617: 3594: 3584: 3572: 3560: 3548: 3517:. Retrieved 3511: 3481: 3436: 3415: 3406: 3394: 3385: 3373: 3361:. Retrieved 3356: 3345: 3333: 3296: 3256: 3250: 3238: 3211: 3199:. Retrieved 3157: 3145: 3133: 3091: 3079: 3046:. Retrieved 3039:the original 3026: 3014: 2994:, p. 7. 2920: 2895: 2865: 2842: 2832:January 2024 2829: 2821: 2779:Ernest Lemon 2773:Henry Fowler 2714:Josiah Stamp 2696:Josiah Stamp 2655:Queens Hotel 2644: 2635:World War II 2631: 2593: 2585: 2578: 2549: 2539:Scrapped at 2538: 2533: 2520: 2508: 2503: 2486: 2474: 2472: 2467: 2453: 2428: 2400: 2353: 2291: 2148:vacuum brake 2086:Bedfordshire 1994:Renfrewshire 1920: 1896: 1873: 1869:New Brighton 1831: 1819:Broad Street 1792: 1769: 1744:Preservation 1738: 1723:January 2021 1720: 1716:adding to it 1711: 1696:Goods wagons 1681: 1673: 1661: 1286: 1268: 1237: 1202: 1198: 1195:Construction 1177: 1173: 1149: 1137: 1129:The Palatine 1127: 1113: 1111: 1096: 1094: 1085: 1077: 1010:Charter and 1009: 971: 955: 939: 918: 911: 890:Ernest Lemon 883: 870: 836:nationalised 833: 816:Josiah Stamp 805: 791:Josiah Stamp 787: 775:Crimson Lake 758: 750: 744: 738: 721: 706: 655: 607:Shoeburyness 588: 559: 552: 530: 500:London, the 498: 490: 470: 459: 440: 436: 421: 402: 399: 391: 370: 339: 328: 303: 299: 297: 70:Euston House 66:Headquarters 40: 4516:20 February 4488:20 February 4460:20 February 4373:15 December 4346:15 December 4316:15 December 4286:15 December 4256:15 December 4226:15 December 3126:Arnold 1973 2795:1945–1947: 2789:1944–1945: 2777:1931–1932: 2771:1925–1931: 2765:1923–1925: 2745:1927 – 1933 2723:1941–1947: 2718:Baron Stamp 2712:1926–1941: 2700:Baron Stamp 2694:1927–1941: 2688:1924–1927: 2682:1923–1924: 2560:Built as a 2541:Altenwerder 2504:Gibel Dersa 2360:Grangemouth 2228:Ecclefechan 2172:, Cheshire. 1625:Locomotives 1579:Locomotive 1563: 1932 1537: 1925 1530:Locomotive 1498:Locomotive 1490:Kilmarnock 1482:Locomotive 1451:Earlestown 1443:Locomotive 1407:Locomotive 1371:Locomotive 1355:Locomotive 1278:Stoke works 1244:Crewe Works 1207:and one as 1164:Bournemouth 933:trained as 923:locomotives 687:(including 579:914 mm 427:Joint lines 335:Post Office 270:1,200 V DC 267:fourth rail 254:600 or 650 200:Track gauge 103:Predecessor 5426:Categories 5298:Caledonian 4901:Nock, O.S. 4875:Nock, O.S. 4863:Nock, O.S. 4581:8 November 4393:, p. 4162:Hoole, Ken 4094:Hoole, Ken 4066:Hoole, Ken 3766:Ellis 1961 3754:Dixon 1994 3218:, p. 3181:, p. 3164:, p. 3152:, p. 3140:, p. 3138:Welch 1963 3128:, p. 2882:References 2720:from 1938) 2707:Presidents 2702:from 1938) 2572:until the 2502:, renamed 2475:Kephallina 2392:Windermere 2168:Junction, 2166:Coppenhall 2118:Cumberland 2075:Langwathby 2071:Cumberland 1924:box girder 1865:West Kirby 1834:third rail 1588:St. Rollox 1434:Derby Loco 1380:Bromsgrove 1301:Kilmarnock 1229:Bromsgrove 1205:Derby Loco 1160:Manchester 992:Paul Henry 919:Quota News 526:Marylebone 520:(LMS) and 518:St Pancras 510:Manchester 275:6.6 kV 25 262:third rail 5387:Full list 5339:Full list 5276:Full list 5218:Full list 5212:Taff Vale 4847:. P.Kay. 4741:Ian Allan 4606:24 August 4363:"1084974" 4336:"1116017" 4306:"1099941" 4276:"1099938" 4246:"1116015" 4149:Hall 1990 4050:Hall 1990 3941:Hall 1990 3867:Hall 1990 3611:. 01LO49. 3179:Nock 1964 2936:Citations 2600:Pickfords 2570:Fleetwood 2550:SS Wyvern 2513:, Spain. 2500:Gibraltar 2429:SS Antrim 2414:Launched 2376:Fleetwood 2372:Stranraer 2269:Yorkshire 2217:Yorkshire 2213:Todmorden 2195:Bletchley 2183:station, 2159:Middlesex 2069:station, 2038:Ashchurch 2034:Yorkshire 2015:Dinwoodie 1987:Swinderby 1973:Yorkshire 1971:station, 1930:Accidents 1907:Morecambe 1899:Lancaster 1849:Southport 1829:in 1932. 1827:Upminster 1795:four-rail 1669:Wolverton 1615:Carriage 1606:Wolverton 1522:Maryport 1494:G&SWR 1335:G&SWR 1331:Barassie 1200:railway. 1156:Liverpool 1069:Dunkerque 1041:Blackpool 1025:Cup Final 646:Formation 575:3 ft 457:in 1936. 375:Geography 194:Technical 154:Successor 5402:See also 5313:Highland 5192:Cambrian 5162:Southern 4995:(1969). 4903:(1982). 4877:(1982). 4865:(1964). 4676:(1968). 4575:BBC News 4164:(1983). 4096:(1982). 4068:(1983). 3625:(1970). 3593:(1987). 3201:22 March 3150:Kay 2010 2651:Art Deco 2477:in 1933. 2473:Renamed 2364:Holyhead 2324:Shipping 2265:Keighley 2185:Ayrshire 2176:injured. 2132:Cheshire 2067:Culgaith 2060:Doe Hill 1857:Ormskirk 1823:Richmond 1526:M&CR 1295:), Bow ( 1276:, while 1148:and the 1146:Holyhead 1118:between 874:counties 764:and the 615:Southend 593:and the 451:M&GN 415:and the 407:and the 388:Overview 350:Big Four 283:overhead 219: in 72:, London 61:Overview 5328:Midland 5303:Furness 5207:Rhymney 5197:Cardiff 5073:of the 5069:in the 4730:. OL34. 4619:Sources 4035:10 June 3816:3 March 3363:17 June 2822:updated 2566:Heysham 2534:Flamand 2446:Preston 2417:Tonnage 2368:Heysham 2256:1946 – 2125:Glasgow 2053:Glasgow 2026:Bristol 1903:Heysham 1853:Aintree 1807:Barking 1551:L&Y 1477:L&Y 1468:Horwich 1264:Horwich 1065:Tilbury 1061:Belgium 1049:Keswick 1029:Wembley 1021:Aintree 947:anglers 935:drivers 931:firemen 858:to the 762:Midland 633:History 611:Tilbury 537:Banbury 514:Midland 483:lines. 214:⁄ 5160: 5158: 5149: 5147: 5138: 5136: 5127: 5125: 5003: 4981: 4953: 4934: 4915: 4889: 4851: 4832: 4813: 4794: 4775: 4756: 4724: 4705: 4686: 4662: 4634: 4172: 4104: 4076: 4008: 3976: 3924: 3894: 3850: 3637: 3605: 2803:Legacy 2610:Hotels 2602:, and 2511:Málaga 2419:(GRT) 2380:Thames 2288:Canals 2001:Euston 1948:Euston 1937:Diggle 1811:Euston 1735:Livery 1637:; and 1459:Wagon 1389:Wagon 1317:Works 318:, the 314:, the 289:Length 186:(1949) 87:Locale 5187:Barry 4029:(PDF) 3519:7 May 3048:7 May 3042:(PDF) 3035:(PDF) 2887:Notes 2845:Govia 2529:2,086 2495:1,265 2463:1,055 2437:2,100 2411:Ship 2384:Clyde 2170:Crewe 2100:Essex 2030:Leeds 1980:Upney 1689:Derby 1582:1930 1398:Crewe 1358:1930 1323:Type 1184:Brent 1180:Toton 1140:from 533:Rugby 241:) in 5231:LNER 5001:ISBN 4979:ISBN 4951:ISBN 4932:ISBN 4913:ISBN 4887:ISBN 4849:ISBN 4830:ISBN 4811:ISBN 4792:ISBN 4773:ISBN 4754:ISBN 4722:ISBN 4703:ISBN 4684:ISBN 4660:ISBN 4632:ISBN 4608:2018 4583:2016 4518:2022 4490:2022 4462:2022 4375:2009 4348:2009 4318:2009 4288:2009 4258:2009 4228:2009 4170:ISBN 4102:ISBN 4074:ISBN 4037:2014 4006:ISBN 3974:ISBN 3922:ISBN 3892:ISBN 3848:ISBN 3818:2018 3635:ISBN 3603:ISBN 3521:2024 3365:2017 3203:2013 3050:2024 2907:and 2901:LNER 2624:The 2554:1905 2526:1904 2492:1897 2460:1893 2434:1904 2394:and 2382:and 2374:and 2358:and 2342:The 2332:and 2300:and 1905:via 1901:and 1876:Bury 1867:and 1851:and 1677:jigs 1611:LNWR 1547:LNWR 1473:LNWR 1455:LNWR 1403:LNWR 1363:Bow 1240:LNWR 1238:The 1219:and 1158:and 1122:and 1105:and 1045:Oban 925:and 903:LNWR 605:and 508:and 455:LNER 392:The 360:and 298:The 5289:LMS 5173:GWR 5075:ZBW 3500:UK 2905:GWR 2568:to 2562:tug 2557:232 2390:on 2219:in 1878:to 1863:to 1847:to 1821:to 1813:to 1805:to 1803:Bow 1777:An 1718:. 1575:NSR 1367:NLR 1299:), 1235:. 1162:to 1144:to 1067:to 1027:at 1019:at 814:by 785:). 621:to 304:LMS 82:LMS 5428:: 5352:SR 4599:. 4573:. 4550:^ 4508:. 4480:. 4452:. 4439:^ 4398:^ 4383:^ 4366:. 4339:. 4326:^ 4309:. 4296:^ 4279:. 4266:^ 4249:. 4236:^ 4057:^ 3988:^ 3948:^ 3906:^ 3874:^ 3826:^ 3773:^ 3706:^ 3691:^ 3676:^ 3661:^ 3529:^ 3510:. 3493:^ 3466:^ 3445:^ 3424:^ 3355:. 3308:^ 3267:^ 3223:^ 3186:^ 3169:^ 3118:^ 3103:^ 3058:^ 2999:^ 2984:^ 2967:^ 2944:^ 2924:A 2909:SR 2903:, 2878:. 2642:. 2405:. 2398:. 2370:, 2366:, 2320:. 2296:, 2267:, 2230:, 2215:, 2197:, 2157:, 2116:, 2098:, 2084:, 2051:, 2040:, 2032:, 2017:, 1911:AC 1841:DC 1817:, 1809:, 1633:; 1618:– 1600:– 1593:CR 1560:c. 1553:) 1534:c. 1517:– 1510:HR 1501:– 1485:– 1479:) 1462:– 1446:– 1439:MR 1428:– 1421:MR 1410:– 1392:– 1385:MR 1374:– 1351:FR 1342:– 1215:, 1166:. 1136:, 1126:, 1075:. 909:. 798:. 719:. 539:. 504:, 496:. 468:. 368:. 356:, 337:. 280:AC 277:Hz 259:DC 225:) 179:: 160:: 5103:e 5096:t 5089:v 5009:. 4987:. 4959:. 4940:. 4921:. 4895:. 4857:. 4838:. 4819:. 4800:. 4781:. 4762:. 4711:. 4692:. 4668:. 4640:. 4610:. 4585:. 4377:. 4350:. 4320:. 4290:. 4260:. 4230:. 4178:. 4110:. 4082:. 4039:. 4014:. 3982:. 3930:. 3900:. 3856:. 3798:. 3643:. 3523:. 3205:. 3052:. 2834:) 2830:( 2824:. 2716:( 2698:( 2576:. 2536:. 2506:. 2470:. 2161:. 1838:V 1789:. 1725:) 1721:( 1675:" 1549:( 1475:( 1303:( 1291:( 1182:– 577:( 569:( 302:( 256:V 237:( 221:( 216:2 212:1 209:+ 207:8 38:. 20:)

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