38:
2183:
141:
277:
2193:
2203:
269:
302:, stress, knots, and special grain alignments. Strictly speaking, grain is not always the same as the figure of wood. Figure rarity often promotes the value of both the raw material, and the finished work it becomes a part of. These include:
56:
fibers or the pattern resulting from such an arrangement. It has various derived terms refer to different aspects of the fibers or patterns. Wood grain is important in woodworking and it impacts aesthetics.
194:- grain that swirls or twists. It can be found in a number of different patterns. This can be caused by factors such as knots, burls or "crotch" wood - where large branches separate from the trunk.
288:
In its simplest aesthetic meaning, wood grain is the alternating regions of relatively darker and lighter wood resulting from the differing growth parameters occurring in different seasons (i.e.,
2076:
155:
In describing the alignment of the wood in the tree, a distinction may be made. Different tree species may have one of the following basic grain descriptions and types:
174:- grain which spirals around the axis of the tree, but reverses its direction for periods of years resulting in alternating directions of the spiral grain. On
2066:
256:
span is less likely to fail if tension is applied along the grain, rather than across the grain. Grain direction will also affect the type of
558:
471:
2196:
2051:
501:
2081:
125:. Straight grain runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the piece. Cross grain deviates from the longitudinal axis in two ways:
2056:
2061:
211:). In describing the application of a woodworking technique to a given piece of wood, the direction of the technique may be:
2071:
1781:
799:
424:
1408:
31:
1258:
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1224:
551:
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is a "confusingly versatile term" with numerous different uses, including the direction of the wood cells (e.g.,
240:
Woods with straight grains are the easiest to work, while woods with interlocked grains are the most difficult.
523:
Basic civil engineering: for B.E. / B.Tech first year courses of various universities including M.D.U. and K.U.
1438:
586:
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1975:
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1345:
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1310:
1305:
1181:
1063:
378:
463:
1874:
1384:
1320:
945:
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672:
632:
322:
The way a given piece of wood has been sawn affects both its appearance and physical properties:
253:
249:
230:(direction of cut is across the grain lines, but the plane of the cut is still aligned with them)
2168:
2025:
2005:
1856:
1836:
1423:
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890:
732:
37:
1826:
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70:
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42:
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782:
707:
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612:
295:
86:
1920:
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2020:
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331:: flat-sawn, slab-sawn, plain sawn, bastard-sawn, or sawn "through and through".
326:
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185:
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162:- grain which runs in a single direction, parallel to the axis of the tree.
17:
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236:(at right angles to the grain, for example trimming the end of a plank)
178:
surfaces the change in grain direction creates a ribbon stripe figure.
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184:- grain which grows in a wavy fashion up the trunk; seen best in
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Second
Edition on CD-ROM (v. 4.0) © Oxford University Press 2009
351:: the grain of wood seen when it is cut across the growth rings.
224:(heavy going; giving a poor result such as chipping or tear-out)
66:
53:
540:
252:
pieces of wood, or designing wooden structures. For example, a
2015:
1506:
1275:
1101:
995:
827:
536:
525:, Haryana. New Delhi: Laxmi Publications, 2003. 78. Print.
450:
Understanding Wood: A Craftsman's Guide to Wood
Technology
69:
fibers or the pattern resulting from such an arrangement.
2077:
International
Federation of Building and Wood Workers
521:
Punmia, B.C., Ashok Kumar Jain, and Arun Kumar Jain.
359:
or burl wood, but this is result of very many knots.
2151:
2100:
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871:
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168:- grain which spirals around the axis of the tree.
298:in wood is produced by causes including fungus,
203:An important physical aspect of wood grain in
65:Wood grain is the longitudinal arrangement of
552:
8:
452:. Newtown, Conn.: Taunton, 1980. 265. Print.
27:Alignment and texture of the fibres in wood
1734:
1263:
787:
559:
545:
537:
444:
442:
2067:Building and Wood Workers' International
248:Grain alignment must be considered when
139:
133:. The amount of deviation is called the
395:
207:is the grain direction or slope (e.g.,
117:The two basic categories of grain are
45:tree showing an extremely spiral grain
7:
2202:
2192:
2052:American Association of Woodturners
474:from the original on 22 August 2019
292:) on a cut or split piece of wood.
52:is the longitudinal arrangement of
427:from the original on 10 April 2021
25:
2082:National Wood Carvers Association
280:mountain ash floor, showing some
105:), and relative cell size (e.g.,
2201:
2191:
2182:
2181:
2057:Architectural Woodwork Institute
504:from the original on 2023-06-19
448:Hoadley, R. Bruce. "Glossary."
272:typically figured red gum table
2062:British Woodworking Federation
1:
2072:Caricature Carvers of America
423:. Random House, Inc. def. 7.
218:(easy; giving a clean result)
355:There is irregular grain in
260:seen in the finished item.
97:), plane of the cut (e.g.,
32:Wood grain (disambiguation)
2254:
29:
2177:
2087:Society of Wood Engravers
1266:
421:Dictionary.com Unabridged
404:Oxford English Dictionary
101:), rate of growth (e.g.,
85:), surface appearance or
41:The weathered trunk of a
345:or straight-grained, and
61:Definition and meanings
2164:Frameless construction
1245:Wood-plastic composite
402:"grain, n.1". def 15.
285:
273:
152:
46:
279:
271:
143:
40:
2092:Timber Framers Guild
946:Australian Blackwood
464:"Wood Grain/Texture"
462:Meier, Eric (2019).
30:For other uses, see
1812:Hammer-headed tenon
1331:Janka hardness test
379:Knee (construction)
673:Japanese carpentry
317:curly (fiddleback)
286:
274:
153:
135:slope of the grain
47:
2215:
2214:
2169:Green woodworking
2026:Wood preservation
1954:
1953:
1857:Tongue and groove
1837:Mortise and tenon
1726:
1725:
1424:Warrington hammer
1253:
1252:
941:African Blackwood
733:Segmented turning
468:The Wood Database
222:against the grain
209:against the grain
188:sections of wood.
93:placement (e.g.,
16:(Redirected from
2245:
2205:
2204:
2195:
2194:
2185:
2184:
1735:
1404:Thickness planer
1264:
1058:(lime, basswood)
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648:Chainsaw carving
561:
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498:Woodwork Details
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228:across the grain
113:Physical aspects
71:R. Bruce Hoadley
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1782:Crown of thorns
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1708:Smoothing plane
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1346:Milling machine
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1210:Cross-laminated
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748:Spindle turning
738:Shingle weaving
708:Pallet crafting
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494:"Wood Movement"
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2128:Wood splitting
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1996:Paint stripper
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533:External links
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500:. 2021-03-26.
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384:Wood finishing
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369:Grain painting
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216:with the grain
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169:
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131:diagonal grain
119:straight grain
114:
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95:vertical grain
79:straight grain
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43:lodgepole pine
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1638:Chamfer plane
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1628:Bedrock plane
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1976:Heat bending
1921:Edge banding
1693:Router plane
1688:Rebate plane
1648:Finger plane
1379:
1083:
1077:
1057:
1051:Lignum vitae
809:
803:
768:Wood carving
743:Shipbuilding
728:Root carving
688:Log building
653:Chip carving
522:
517:
506:. Retrieved
497:
488:
476:. Retrieved
467:
457:
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429:. Retrieved
420:
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374:Grain filler
354:
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339:quarter-sawn
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290:growth rings
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146:Quarter-sawn
144:Sketch of A—
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127:spiral grain
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103:narrow grain
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83:spiral grain
82:
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2233:Woodcarving
2228:Woodworking
2197:WikiProject
2143:Rift sawing
2133:Flat sawing
2021:Wood drying
1698:Scrub plane
1683:Razee plane
1633:Block plane
1487:Mitre clamp
1434:Wood scribe
1385:Combination
1127:Purpleheart
823:Douglas fir
773:Woodturning
606:Occupations
568:Woodworking
205:woodworking
199:Woodworking
176:quartersawn
172:interlocked
123:cross grain
91:growth-ring
73:wrote that
2222:Categories
2152:Techniques
2101:Conversion
2031:Wood stain
1959:Treatments
1747:Birdsmouth
1713:Spokeshave
1663:Jack plane
1653:Fore plane
1492:Pipe clamp
1457:Band clamp
1381:Carpenters
1202:Engineered
1152:Rubberwood
1001:Eucalyptus
805:Calocedrus
718:Pyrography
683:Kohlrosing
508:2023-08-07
390:References
335:edge grain
328:flat-grain
307:bird's eye
282:fiddleback
264:Aesthetics
107:open grain
50:Wood grain
18:Long grain
1941:Parquetry
1936:Oystering
1931:Marquetry
1772:Butterfly
1439:Workbench
1371:Sandpaper
1351:Mitre box
1296:Drawknife
1286:Burnisher
1271:Abrasives
1220:Hardboard
881:Afromosia
763:Whittling
713:Parquetry
698:Marquetry
643:Certosina
638:Carpentry
628:Cabinetry
575:Overviews
478:16 August
357:burr wood
349:end grain
343:rift-sawn
234:end grain
192:irregular
150:flat-sawn
99:end grain
2187:Category
1966:Adhesive
1946:Purfling
1926:Intarsia
1867:Profiles
1792:Dovetail
1731:Geometry
1570:Hand saw
1555:Crosscut
1540:Circular
1535:Chainsaw
1482:Holdfast
1147:Rosewood
1079:American
1074:Mahogany
1046:Jelutong
1016:Hornbeam
981:Cocobolo
976:Chestnut
891:Andiroba
703:Millwork
668:Intarsia
663:Fretwork
658:Ébéniste
587:Glossary
502:Archived
472:Archived
425:Archived
363:See also
254:stressed
186:flatsawn
160:straight
148:& B—
2207:Commons
2123:Whipsaw
2118:Sawmill
2011:Varnish
2006:Thermal
1981:Lacquer
1916:Binding
1885:Chamfer
1752:Biscuit
1718:Surform
1610:Whipsaw
1580:Keyhole
1565:Fretsaw
1545:Compass
1530:Bucksaw
1520:Bandsaw
1515:Backsaw
1497:Sawbuck
1467:F-clamp
1462:C-clamp
1336:Jointer
1240:Plywood
1192:Zebrano
1132:Ovankol
1097:Meranti
1085:African
1056:Linden
1011:Hickory
966:Cedrela
961:Camphor
956:Bubinga
951:Boxwood
931:Bilinga
916:Avodire
833:Juniper
818:Cypress
693:Luthier
582:History
417:"grain"
312:quilted
258:warping
250:joining
244:Support
2113:Hewing
1852:Splice
1807:Halved
1802:Groove
1797:Finger
1777:Coping
1762:Bridle
1739:Joints
1620:Planes
1605:Veneer
1595:Scroll
1590:Ripsaw
1575:Jigsaw
1550:Coping
1449:Clamps
1376:Square
1366:Shaper
1361:Router
1341:Mallet
1316:Gimlet
1291:Chisel
1187:Willow
1177:Walnut
1167:Totara
1157:Sapele
1122:Poplar
1107:Padauk
1069:Merbau
1041:Jarrah
1026:Imbuia
1021:Idigbo
986:Cumaru
971:Cherry
896:Anigre
858:Spruce
811:Cedrus
678:Khatam
633:Caning
596:lumber
431:13 Jan
296:Figure
284:figure
166:spiral
87:figure
1991:Paint
1900:Ovolo
1895:Ogive
1880:Bevel
1847:Scarf
1832:Miter
1600:Table
1585:Miter
1560:Frame
1477:Gripe
1393:Speed
1389:Miter
1321:Gauge
1311:Float
1306:Fence
1301:Drill
1259:Tools
1182:Wenge
1172:Utile
1137:Ramin
1092:Maple
1064:Lovoa
1036:Iroko
1006:Hazel
991:Ebony
936:Birch
926:Beech
921:Balsa
911:Aspen
906:Apple
886:Alder
843:Kauri
838:Larch
800:Cedar
783:Woods
758:Treen
300:burls
75:grain
2238:Wood
1890:Ogee
1875:Bead
1817:Knee
1787:Dado
1767:Butt
1507:Saws
1419:Vise
1356:Rasp
1281:Adze
1162:Teak
1117:Plum
1112:Pear
873:Hard
853:Rimu
848:Pine
792:Soft
592:Wood
480:2019
433:2015
182:wavy
121:and
67:wood
54:wood
2016:Wax
1986:Oil
1822:Lap
1757:Box
1525:Bow
1397:Try
1276:Axe
1230:OSB
1225:MDF
1102:Oak
1031:Ipê
996:Elm
901:Ash
863:Yew
828:Fir
341:or
129:or
109:).
2224::
1395:,
1391:,
1387:,
1383:,
1082:,
808:,
496:.
470:.
466:.
441:^
419:.
337::
137:.
89:,
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1378:(
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1076:(
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802:(
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594:(
560:e
553:t
546:v
511:.
482:.
435:.
34:.
20:)
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