452:
411:
3038:
3031:
128:
1833:
3017:
1851:
3045:
1845:
3202:
3024:
1840:
3010:
272:
486:
477:
for the teeth of the lower jaw in order to close the mouth, but upon further inspection small bits of tooth could be seen in the empty depressions showing that there was a tooth there once. The size of the teeth varies on the upper and the lower jaw, the larger teeth being more anchored into the mandible than the smaller ones on the lower jaw.
107:
476:
On the upper jaw there is a pair of vomerine tusks, and two pairs of palatal tusks with 5 or 6 smaller teeth between each of the pairs. Each pair of tusks has a depression for two teeth on each side of the jaw with only one tooth present at a time. It was one thought that the empty depression was fit
497:
is approximated to be 14 feet long, although it is hard to tell definitively without the presence of any post-cranial bones. They lived between the water and the land feeding on live fish as is evident in the shape of their jaw hinge and their two-edged teeth. Because the nasal bones are paired and
254:
tetrapods. They were first described in 1862 and further described in 1870 when two more craniums were found. It is mostly associated with the area of the United
Kingdom. They share features with modern reptiles as well as with fish. They had 4 paddle-like limbs that they used to swim in lakes, but
498:
the nasal apertures are both anterior and pharyngeal, it is indicated that they did breathe air. The location of the orbits on the skull are raised up higher than the snout allowing for the animal to stick out its eyes while the rest of the body is underwater.
506:
that is elongated and broad below and narrow at its upper end, that they used to swim. It is concluded that they were a rather sluggish stegocephalian that was still capable of rapid movements for predation, swimming like a fish but breathing air like the
766:
Milner AC, Milner AR, Walsh SA. A new specimen of
Baphetes from Nýřany, Czech Republic and the intrinsic relationships of the Baphetidae.Acta Zoologica. 2009;90:318-334. doi:10.1111/j.1463-6395.2008.00340.x.
430:
are distinct by their large and irregular orbits that have a forwardly directed extension, creating a keyhole shaped orbit. There is a unique pitting on the exposed surfaces of the cranial bones in
470:
do not have this feature. Instead they have a hinge at the very end of the lower jaw; in this way they lose some mechanical advantages and power in their bite but gain speed instead.
451:
410:
434:
often described as being honeycomb-shaped or net-like that can be used as a distinguishing feature. When looking at the upper surface of the skull it looks like that of
3267:
3326:
813:
3254:
386:, the premaxilla showed space for 8 teeth, while Baphetes had space for 10-11 teeth. After checking the specimen, what was thought to be
552:
779:
359:
Discovered in Nyrany, Czech
Republic, the skull of this new specimen was studied in order to determine whether it belonged in the
363:
group or
Baphetes group. The classification was determined by comparing the shape of the skulls from a closely related species.
3037:
3030:
575:"Description of a considerable portion of a mandibular ramus of Anthracosaurus Russelli; with notes on Loxomma and Archichthys"
658:
3164:
806:
621:
Thorpe, Thomas Edward; Green, Alexander Henry; Miall, Louis
Compton; Rucker, Arthur William; Marshall, Alfred (1878).
3174:
3016:
1839:
127:
3205:
3044:
799:
3023:
1844:
3009:
2979:
1850:
3222:
3159:
2943:
911:
3293:
1150:
785:
1832:
1742:
1497:
1275:
1000:
726:
1563:
1490:
1476:
1160:
3321:
3179:
2359:
1711:
1549:
1180:
1090:
1040:
288:
231:
2100:
1762:
1409:
1324:
1282:
574:
3101:
2575:
2227:
1670:
1663:
1483:
1423:
1332:
1296:
1210:
749:
122:
1170:
1010:
466:
have their lower jaw greatly prolonged behind the hinge to give additional leverage to muscles.
3298:
341:. One cranium was found in May 1870 and another was found in June 1870, both by Thomas Atthey.
263:
themselves are distinguished by the unique texture on their skulls, said to be honeycomb-like.
3280:
3272:
3107:
2686:
2346:
2077:
1540:
1509:
1438:
1363:
1110:
548:
3285:
1385:
1240:
448:
order, however, the snout and the whole skull is actually broader than that of an alligator.
3113:
2370:
741:
704:
670:
586:
463:
3123:
3091:
2815:
2707:
2544:
2319:
2294:
2267:
2093:
1695:
1684:
1677:
1525:
1431:
1416:
1400:
973:
960:
923:
822:
185:
545:
Gaining Ground, Second
Edition: The Origin and Evolution of Tetrapods (Life of the Past)
3169:
3143:
3138:
3096:
3086:
2961:
2932:
2856:
2824:
2801:
2780:
2759:
2723:
2700:
2679:
2652:
2611:
2537:
2530:
2408:
2328:
1648:
1598:
1377:
1120:
1060:
708:
382:
skulls were high and triangular, while the
Baphetes had more of a broad flat snout. In
331:
745:
3315:
2926:
2902:
2895:
2838:
2831:
2773:
2745:
2514:
2503:
2490:
2476:
2462:
2379:
2335:
2197:
2157:
1982:
1921:
1732:
1605:
1556:
1347:
896:
871:
753:
436:
307:
251:
172:
64:
255:
they breathed air. Their diet consisted mostly of live fish. They are of the family
3133:
3128:
3077:
3072:
2949:
2866:
2794:
2752:
2523:
2469:
2308:
2217:
2147:
2086:
1962:
1941:
1931:
1911:
1868:
1783:
1656:
1468:
1453:
1254:
1224:
1130:
1050:
862:
247:
211:
791:
271:
473:
The jaws and palates have a battery of large, curved, and slightly keeled teeth.
2766:
2590:
2446:
2432:
2386:
2177:
2137:
1633:
1591:
1584:
1577:
1446:
1370:
1356:
1310:
1303:
1268:
1233:
1080:
1020:
880:
292:
39:
3245:
2888:
2737:
2730:
2670:
2622:
2247:
2167:
2053:
2023:
1992:
1972:
1952:
1752:
1641:
1626:
1570:
1317:
1140:
1070:
990:
674:
590:
445:
427:
318:
303:
256:
198:
84:
49:
3118:
2881:
2873:
2787:
2563:
2455:
2417:
2301:
2281:
2257:
2237:
2043:
2012:
2002:
1874:
1789:
1772:
1722:
1619:
1460:
1200:
1030:
695:
and their bearing on the relationships of the
Baphetidae (= Loxommatidae)".
512:
508:
441:
394:
group. Due to this closer relationship it was proposed to call the specimen
139:
89:
33:
3239:
2917:
2715:
2638:
2631:
2603:
2425:
2118:
2033:
1892:
1289:
1247:
1190:
853:
337:
310:
296:
159:
79:
74:
59:
54:
44:
3259:
2985:
2693:
2207:
2187:
1612:
1100:
503:
94:
69:
485:
2063:
1261:
847:
322:
313:
to be found and were first described by
William Dawson in 1863, with
149:
3216:
317:
being the earliest in the family. The subfamily
Loxommatinae within
106:
484:
450:
409:
270:
691:
Milner, Angela; Lindsay, William (1998). "Postcranial remains of
279:
in its ecological environment, hiding under the bush on the right
502:
had 4 limbs that were paddle-like, based on the presence of one
291:
in 1862 via a near perfect cranium, a vertebra and a rib in the
3220:
3060:
1866:
958:
840:
795:
259:
which are distinguished by their keyhole shaped orbits, while
493:
Based only on the size of the skull, the full body size of
366:
In order to check for similarities and differences between
659:"On the Skull and some other Bones of Loxomma Allmanni"
2849:
2812:
2667:
2587:
2559:
2487:
2443:
2405:
2278:
2263:
2253:
2243:
2233:
2223:
2213:
2203:
2193:
2183:
2173:
2163:
2153:
2143:
2133:
2074:
2059:
2049:
2039:
2029:
2019:
2008:
1998:
1988:
1978:
1968:
1958:
1948:
1937:
1927:
1917:
1907:
1768:
1758:
1748:
1738:
1728:
1718:
1707:
1537:
1521:
1397:
1344:
1221:
1206:
1196:
1186:
1176:
1166:
1156:
1146:
1136:
1126:
1116:
1106:
1096:
1086:
1076:
1066:
1056:
1046:
1036:
1026:
1016:
1006:
996:
986:
370:
and Baphetes 2 other skulls were used, belonging to
3229:
3152:
3071:
2960:
2925:
2912:
2848:
2811:
2666:
2621:
2586:
2558:
2513:
2486:
2442:
2404:
2369:
2345:
2318:
2277:
2114:
2073:
1891:
1782:
1694:
1536:
1508:
1396:
1343:
1220:
971:
922:
895:
246:(meaning “slanting eyes”) is an extinct genus of
117:skull cast at the Museum für Naturkunde, Berlin
625:. London, Macmillan & Co. pp. 122–124.
547:. Indiana University Press. pp. 328–333.
807:
8:
3217:
3068:
3057:
2922:
2595:
2495:
2351:
2286:
2126:
1900:
1888:
1863:
1700:
1514:
979:
968:
955:
901:
892:
837:
814:
800:
792:
579:The Annals and Magazine of Natural History
105:
20:
697:Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society
573:Hancock, Albany; Atthey, Thomas (1871).
727:"On Two New Species of Labyrinthodonts"
524:
663:Annals and Magazine of Natural History
652:
7:
720:
718:
686:
684:
657:Embleton, M; Atthey, Thomas (1874).
650:
648:
646:
644:
642:
640:
638:
636:
634:
632:
616:
614:
612:
610:
608:
606:
604:
602:
600:
568:
566:
564:
538:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
455:Drawing of parts of the mandible of
709:10.1111/j.1096-3642.1998.tb02530.x
14:
3327:Carboniferous tetrapods of Europe
746:10.1144/GSL.JGS.1890.046.01-04.19
3201:
3200:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
1849:
1843:
1838:
1831:
126:
390:was found to be closer to the
1:
3165:Polydactyly in stem-tetrapods
287:was discovered and named by
16:Extinct genus of amphibians
3343:
623:Coal; its history and uses
3196:
3067:
3056:
3006:
2598:
2498:
2354:
2289:
2129:
1903:
1887:
1862:
1828:
1703:
1517:
982:
967:
954:
904:
891:
836:
675:10.1080/00222937408680919
591:10.1080/00222937108696323
414:Ventral view of upper jaw
398:, which is closer to the
123:Scientific classification
121:
113:
104:
23:
543:Clack, Jennifer (2012).
734:Quart. Journ. Geol. Soc
3160:Evolution of tetrapods
490:
459:
415:
345:Specimen belonging to
280:
3294:Paleobiology Database
786:Paleobiology Database
488:
454:
413:
306:were among the first
274:
267:History and discovery
250:and one of the first
725:Lydekker, R (1890).
275:1910 restoration of
3180:Zachelmie trackways
2360:Pseudophlegethontia
419:Skull and dentition
289:Thomas Henry Huxley
3102:Megalichthyiformes
1664:Platycephalichthys
491:
460:
416:
281:
3309:
3308:
3281:Open Tree of Life
3223:Taxon identifiers
3214:
3213:
3192:
3191:
3188:
3187:
3108:Tristichopteridae
3052:
3051:
3004:
3003:
3000:
2999:
2996:
2995:
2662:
2661:
2554:
2553:
2400:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2347:Phlegethontioidea
2110:
2109:
2078:Elginerpetontidae
1858:
1857:
1826:
1825:
1822:
1821:
1818:
1817:
1814:
1813:
1743:Parapanderichthys
1541:Tristichopteridae
1510:Eotetrapodiformes
950:
949:
946:
945:
942:
941:
239:
238:
235:
29:Temporal range: ~
3334:
3302:
3301:
3289:
3288:
3276:
3275:
3263:
3262:
3250:
3249:
3248:
3218:
3204:
3203:
3114:Labyrinthodontia
3069:
3058:
3047:
3041:
3040:
3034:
3033:
3027:
3026:
3020:
3019:
3012:
2969:
2965:
2931:
2923:
2915:
2854:
2851:
2814:
2669:
2596:
2589:
2561:
2496:
2489:
2445:
2407:
2371:Phlegethontiidae
2352:
2287:
2280:
2265:
2255:
2245:
2235:
2225:
2215:
2205:
2195:
2185:
2175:
2165:
2155:
2145:
2135:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2076:
2061:
2051:
2041:
2031:
2021:
2010:
2000:
1990:
1980:
1970:
1960:
1950:
1939:
1929:
1919:
1909:
1901:
1897:
1889:
1882:
1873:
1864:
1853:
1847:
1842:
1836:
1835:
1797:
1788:
1770:
1760:
1750:
1740:
1730:
1720:
1709:
1701:
1539:
1523:
1515:
1399:
1346:
1223:
1208:
1198:
1188:
1178:
1168:
1158:
1148:
1138:
1128:
1118:
1108:
1098:
1088:
1078:
1068:
1058:
1048:
1038:
1028:
1018:
1008:
998:
988:
980:
969:
956:
902:
893:
886:
885:
838:
830:
826:
823:Tetrapodomorpha
816:
809:
802:
793:
767:
764:
758:
757:
740:(1–4): 289–294.
731:
722:
713:
712:
703:(1–2): 211–235.
688:
679:
678:
654:
627:
626:
618:
595:
594:
570:
559:
558:
540:
402:in a cladogram.
230:
223:
210:
197:
131:
130:
115:Loxomma allmanni
109:
99:
36:
32:330–306.95
21:
3342:
3341:
3337:
3336:
3335:
3333:
3332:
3331:
3312:
3311:
3310:
3305:
3297:
3292:
3284:
3279:
3271:
3266:
3258:
3253:
3244:
3243:
3238:
3225:
3215:
3210:
3184:
3148:
3124:Ichthyostegalia
3092:Osteolepiformes
3076:
3063:
3048:
3035:
3028:
3021:
3014:
2992:
2967:
2963:
2962:Reptiliomorpha
2956:
2929:
2916:
2913:
2908:
2852:
2844:
2816:Gephyrostegidae
2807:
2708:Carbonoherpeton
2658:
2617:
2582:
2550:
2545:Palaeomolgophis
2509:
2482:
2438:
2392:
2365:
2341:
2320:Oestocephalidae
2314:
2295:Andersonerpeton
2273:
2268:Tantallognathus
2121:
2115:
2106:
2094:Obruchevichthys
2069:
1895:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1854:
1830:
1810:
1792:
1786:
1778:
1696:Elpistostegalia
1690:
1685:Tristichopterus
1532:
1526:Palaeospondylus
1504:
1498:Sterropterygion
1432:Ectosteorhachis
1417:Cladarosymblema
1401:Megalichthyidae
1392:
1339:
1276:Propycnoctenion
1216:
976:
974:Tetrapodomorpha
963:
961:Tetrapodomorpha
938:
924:Tetrapodomorpha
918:
887:
843:
842:
832:
828:
824:
820:
776:
771:
770:
765:
761:
729:
724:
723:
716:
690:
689:
682:
656:
655:
630:
620:
619:
598:
572:
571:
562:
555:
542:
541:
526:
521:
483:
464:Labyrinthodonts
426:and the family
421:
408:
400:L. acutirostris
372:L. acutirostris
357:
350:
321:includes three
269:
229:
221:
208:
195:
186:Tetrapodomorpha
125:
100:
98:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
31:
30:
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
3340:
3338:
3330:
3329:
3324:
3314:
3313:
3307:
3306:
3304:
3303:
3290:
3277:
3264:
3251:
3235:
3233:
3227:
3226:
3221:
3212:
3211:
3209:
3208:
3197:
3194:
3193:
3190:
3189:
3186:
3185:
3183:
3182:
3177:
3172:
3167:
3162:
3156:
3154:
3150:
3149:
3147:
3146:
3144:Anthracosauria
3141:
3139:Phyllospondyli
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3116:
3111:
3105:
3099:
3097:Osteolepididae
3094:
3089:
3087:Stem tetrapoda
3083:
3081:
3065:
3064:
3062:Related topics
3061:
3054:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3007:
3005:
3002:
3001:
2998:
2997:
2994:
2993:
2991:
2990:
2989:
2988:
2982:
2980:Reptiliomorpha
2973:
2971:
2958:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2946:
2937:
2935:
2933:Batrachomorpha
2920:
2910:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2899:
2892:
2885:
2878:
2870:
2862:
2860:
2846:
2845:
2843:
2842:
2835:
2828:
2825:Bruktererpeton
2820:
2818:
2809:
2808:
2806:
2805:
2802:Spondylerpeton
2798:
2791:
2784:
2781:Proterogyrinus
2777:
2770:
2763:
2760:Palaeoherpeton
2756:
2749:
2742:
2734:
2727:
2724:Diplovertebron
2720:
2711:
2704:
2701:Calligenethlon
2697:
2690:
2683:
2680:Anthracosaurus
2675:
2673:
2664:
2663:
2660:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2653:Megalocephalus
2649:
2642:
2635:
2627:
2625:
2619:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2612:Spathicephalus
2608:
2599:
2593:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2579:
2578:
2569:
2567:
2556:
2555:
2552:
2551:
2549:
2548:
2541:
2538:Dolichopareias
2534:
2531:Adelospondylus
2527:
2519:
2517:
2515:Adelogyrinidae
2511:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2499:
2493:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2451:
2449:
2440:
2439:
2437:
2436:
2429:
2422:
2413:
2411:
2409:Whatcheeriidae
2402:
2401:
2398:
2397:
2394:
2393:
2391:
2390:
2383:
2375:
2373:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2363:
2355:
2349:
2343:
2342:
2340:
2339:
2332:
2329:Coloraderpeton
2324:
2322:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2305:
2298:
2290:
2284:
2275:
2274:
2272:
2271:
2261:
2251:
2241:
2231:
2221:
2211:
2201:
2191:
2181:
2171:
2161:
2151:
2141:
2130:
2124:
2112:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2097:
2090:
2082:
2080:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2057:
2047:
2037:
2027:
2017:
2006:
1996:
1986:
1976:
1966:
1956:
1946:
1935:
1925:
1915:
1904:
1898:
1885:
1884:
1867:
1860:
1859:
1856:
1855:
1829:
1827:
1824:
1823:
1820:
1819:
1816:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1809:
1808:
1807:
1806:
1800:
1798:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1776:
1766:
1756:
1746:
1736:
1726:
1716:
1704:
1698:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1688:
1681:
1674:
1667:
1660:
1653:
1649:Marsdenichthys
1645:
1638:
1630:
1623:
1616:
1609:
1602:
1599:Eusthenopteron
1595:
1588:
1581:
1574:
1567:
1564:Callistipterus
1560:
1553:
1545:
1543:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1530:
1518:
1512:
1506:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1494:
1491:Sengoerichthys
1487:
1480:
1477:Palatinichthys
1473:
1465:
1457:
1450:
1443:
1435:
1428:
1420:
1413:
1405:
1403:
1394:
1393:
1391:
1390:
1382:
1378:Marsdenichthys
1374:
1367:
1360:
1352:
1350:
1341:
1340:
1338:
1337:
1329:
1321:
1314:
1307:
1300:
1293:
1286:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1258:
1251:
1244:
1237:
1229:
1227:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1214:
1204:
1194:
1184:
1174:
1164:
1161:Platyethmoidia
1154:
1144:
1134:
1124:
1121:Megadonichthys
1114:
1104:
1094:
1084:
1074:
1064:
1061:Harajicadectes
1054:
1044:
1034:
1024:
1014:
1004:
994:
983:
977:
972:
965:
964:
959:
952:
951:
948:
947:
944:
943:
940:
939:
937:
936:
935:
934:
928:
926:
920:
919:
917:
916:
915:
914:
905:
899:
889:
888:
884:
883:
874:
865:
856:
850:
841:
834:
833:
821:
819:
818:
811:
804:
796:
790:
789:
775:
774:External links
772:
769:
768:
759:
714:
680:
628:
596:
560:
554:978-0253356758
553:
523:
522:
520:
517:
482:
479:
420:
417:
407:
404:
396:L. lintonensis
356:
351:
349:
343:
332:Megalocephalus
295:coal-field of
268:
265:
237:
236:
219:
215:
214:
206:
202:
201:
193:
189:
188:
183:
176:
175:
170:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
137:
133:
132:
119:
118:
111:
110:
102:
101:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
37:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3339:
3328:
3325:
3323:
3320:
3319:
3317:
3300:
3295:
3291:
3287:
3282:
3278:
3274:
3269:
3265:
3261:
3256:
3252:
3247:
3241:
3237:
3236:
3234:
3232:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3207:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3181:
3178:
3176:
3173:
3171:
3168:
3166:
3163:
3161:
3158:
3157:
3155:
3151:
3145:
3142:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3115:
3112:
3109:
3106:
3103:
3100:
3098:
3095:
3093:
3090:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3082:
3079:
3074:
3070:
3066:
3059:
3055:
3046:
3042:
3039:
3032:
3025:
3018:
3011:
2987:
2983:
2981:
2977:
2976:
2975:
2974:
2972:
2970:
2959:
2951:
2947:
2945:
2944:Temnospondyli
2941:
2940:
2939:
2938:
2936:
2934:
2928:
2927:Temnospondyli
2924:
2921:
2919:
2911:
2905:
2904:
2903:Termonerpeton
2900:
2898:
2897:
2896:Silvanerpeton
2893:
2891:
2890:
2886:
2884:
2883:
2879:
2876:
2875:
2871:
2869:
2868:
2864:
2863:
2861:
2858:
2857:anthracosaurs
2847:
2841:
2840:
2839:Gephyrostegus
2836:
2834:
2833:
2832:Eusauropleura
2829:
2827:
2826:
2822:
2821:
2819:
2817:
2810:
2804:
2803:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2774:Pholiderpeton
2771:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2750:
2748:
2747:
2746:Leptophractus
2743:
2740:
2739:
2735:
2733:
2732:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2712:
2710:
2709:
2705:
2703:
2702:
2698:
2696:
2695:
2691:
2689:
2688:
2684:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2665:
2655:
2654:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2643:
2641:
2640:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2628:
2626:
2624:
2620:
2614:
2613:
2609:
2606:
2605:
2601:
2600:
2597:
2594:
2592:
2585:
2577:
2573:
2572:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2557:
2547:
2546:
2542:
2540:
2539:
2535:
2533:
2532:
2528:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2506:
2505:
2504:Acherontiscus
2501:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2491:Adelospondyli
2485:
2479:
2478:
2477:Pholidogaster
2474:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2463:Deltaherpeton
2460:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2441:
2435:
2434:
2430:
2428:
2427:
2423:
2420:
2419:
2415:
2414:
2412:
2410:
2403:
2389:
2388:
2384:
2382:
2381:
2380:Phlegethontia
2377:
2376:
2374:
2372:
2368:
2362:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2344:
2338:
2337:
2336:Oestocephalus
2333:
2331:
2330:
2326:
2325:
2323:
2321:
2317:
2311:
2310:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2291:
2288:
2285:
2283:
2276:
2270:
2269:
2262:
2260:
2259:
2252:
2250:
2249:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2222:
2220:
2219:
2212:
2210:
2209:
2202:
2200:
2199:
2198:Ichthyerpeton
2192:
2190:
2189:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2172:
2170:
2169:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2158:Crassigyrinus
2152:
2150:
2149:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2132:
2131:
2128:
2125:
2120:
2113:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2096:
2095:
2091:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2083:
2081:
2079:
2072:
2066:
2065:
2058:
2056:
2055:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2038:
2036:
2035:
2028:
2026:
2025:
2018:
2015:
2014:
2007:
2005:
2004:
1997:
1995:
1994:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1983:Metaxygnathus
1977:
1975:
1974:
1967:
1965:
1964:
1957:
1955:
1954:
1947:
1944:
1943:
1936:
1934:
1933:
1926:
1924:
1923:
1922:Brittagnathus
1916:
1914:
1913:
1906:
1905:
1902:
1899:
1894:
1890:
1886:
1880:
1876:
1870:
1865:
1861:
1852:
1848:
1846:
1841:
1834:
1804:
1803:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1785:
1781:
1775:
1774:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1757:
1755:
1754:
1747:
1745:
1744:
1737:
1735:
1734:
1733:Panderichthys
1727:
1725:
1724:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1712:Howittichthys
1706:
1705:
1702:
1699:
1697:
1693:
1687:
1686:
1682:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1673:
1672:
1668:
1666:
1665:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1644:
1643:
1639:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1608:
1607:
1606:Heddleichthys
1603:
1601:
1600:
1596:
1594:
1593:
1589:
1587:
1586:
1582:
1580:
1579:
1575:
1573:
1572:
1568:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1557:Cabonnichthys
1554:
1552:
1551:
1550:Bruehnopteron
1547:
1546:
1544:
1542:
1535:
1528:
1527:
1520:
1519:
1516:
1513:
1511:
1507:
1500:
1499:
1495:
1493:
1492:
1488:
1486:
1485:
1481:
1479:
1478:
1474:
1471:
1470:
1466:
1463:
1462:
1458:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1449:
1448:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1414:
1412:
1411:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1395:
1388:
1387:
1383:
1380:
1379:
1375:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1366:
1365:
1361:
1359:
1358:
1354:
1353:
1351:
1349:
1348:Canowindridae
1342:
1335:
1334:
1330:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1320:
1319:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1306:
1305:
1301:
1299:
1298:
1294:
1292:
1291:
1287:
1285:
1284:
1280:
1278:
1277:
1273:
1271:
1270:
1266:
1264:
1263:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1252:
1250:
1249:
1245:
1243:
1242:
1238:
1236:
1235:
1231:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1219:
1213:
1212:
1205:
1203:
1202:
1195:
1193:
1192:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1181:Thaumatolepis
1175:
1173:
1172:
1165:
1163:
1162:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1125:
1123:
1122:
1115:
1113:
1112:
1105:
1103:
1102:
1095:
1093:
1092:
1091:Lamprotolepis
1085:
1083:
1082:
1075:
1073:
1072:
1065:
1063:
1062:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1045:
1043:
1042:
1041:Greiserolepis
1035:
1033:
1032:
1025:
1023:
1022:
1015:
1013:
1012:
1005:
1003:
1002:
995:
993:
992:
985:
984:
981:
978:
975:
970:
966:
962:
957:
953:
932:
931:
930:
929:
927:
925:
921:
913:
912:Gnathostomata
909:
908:
907:
906:
903:
900:
898:
897:Gnathostomata
894:
890:
882:
878:
875:
873:
872:Sarcopterygii
869:
866:
864:
860:
857:
855:
851:
849:
845:
844:
839:
835:
831:
827:Pan-Tetrapoda
817:
812:
810:
805:
803:
798:
797:
794:
787:
783:
782:
778:
777:
773:
763:
760:
755:
751:
747:
743:
739:
735:
728:
721:
719:
715:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
687:
685:
681:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
653:
651:
649:
647:
645:
643:
641:
639:
637:
635:
633:
629:
624:
617:
615:
613:
611:
609:
607:
605:
603:
601:
597:
592:
588:
585:(38): 73–79.
584:
580:
576:
569:
567:
565:
561:
556:
550:
546:
539:
537:
535:
533:
531:
529:
525:
518:
516:
514:
510:
505:
501:
496:
487:
480:
478:
474:
471:
469:
465:
458:
453:
449:
447:
443:
439:
438:
437:Archegosaurus
433:
429:
425:
418:
412:
405:
403:
401:
397:
393:
389:
388:B. orientalis
385:
381:
377:
373:
369:
364:
362:
355:
354:B. orientalis
352:
348:
344:
342:
340:
339:
334:
333:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
309:
308:Carboniferous
305:
300:
298:
294:
290:
286:
278:
273:
266:
264:
262:
258:
253:
252:Carboniferous
249:
245:
244:
233:
228:
227:
220:
217:
216:
213:
207:
204:
203:
200:
194:
191:
190:
187:
184:
181:
178:
177:
174:
173:Sarcopterygii
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
141:
138:
135:
134:
129:
124:
120:
116:
112:
108:
103:
96:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
35:
26:
22:
19:
3230:
3153:Other topics
3134:Holospondyli
3129:Lepospondyli
3078:Polyphyletic
3073:Paraphyletic
3013:
2950:Lissamphibia
2901:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2872:
2867:Caerorhachis
2865:
2837:
2830:
2823:
2800:
2795:Seroherpeton
2793:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2753:Neopteroplax
2751:
2744:
2736:
2729:
2722:
2714:
2706:
2699:
2692:
2685:
2678:
2651:
2645:
2644:
2637:
2630:
2610:
2602:
2543:
2536:
2529:
2524:Adelogyrinus
2522:
2502:
2475:
2470:Greererpeton
2468:
2461:
2454:
2431:
2424:
2416:
2385:
2378:
2358:
2334:
2327:
2309:Ophiderpeton
2307:
2300:
2293:
2266:
2256:
2246:
2236:
2226:
2218:Mesanerpeton
2216:
2206:
2196:
2186:
2176:
2166:
2156:
2148:Aytonerpeton
2146:
2136:
2101:Webererpeton
2099:
2092:
2087:Elginerpeton
2085:
2062:
2052:
2042:
2032:
2022:
2011:
2001:
1991:
1981:
1971:
1963:Ichthyostega
1961:
1951:
1942:Elpistostege
1940:
1932:Densignathus
1930:
1920:
1912:Acanthostega
1910:
1878:
1869:Stegocephali
1837:
1793:
1784:Stegocephali
1771:
1763:Rubrognathus
1761:
1751:
1741:
1731:
1721:
1710:
1683:
1676:
1669:
1662:
1657:Notorhizodon
1655:
1647:
1640:
1632:
1625:
1618:
1611:
1604:
1597:
1590:
1583:
1576:
1569:
1562:
1555:
1548:
1524:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1475:
1469:Megistolepis
1467:
1459:
1454:Megalichthys
1452:
1445:
1437:
1430:
1422:
1415:
1410:Askerichthys
1408:
1384:
1376:
1369:
1362:
1355:
1331:
1325:Thysanolepis
1323:
1316:
1309:
1302:
1295:
1288:
1283:Pycnoctenion
1281:
1274:
1267:
1260:
1255:Gooloogongia
1253:
1246:
1239:
1232:
1225:Rhizodontida
1209:
1199:
1189:
1179:
1169:
1159:
1149:
1139:
1131:Muranjilepis
1129:
1119:
1109:
1099:
1089:
1079:
1069:
1059:
1051:Gyroptychius
1049:
1039:
1029:
1019:
1009:
999:
989:
876:
867:
863:Osteichthyes
858:
780:
762:
737:
733:
700:
696:
692:
666:
662:
622:
582:
578:
544:
499:
494:
492:
481:Paleobiology
475:
472:
467:
461:
456:
435:
431:
423:
422:
399:
395:
391:
387:
383:
379:
375:
371:
367:
365:
360:
358:
353:
346:
336:
330:
326:
314:
301:
284:
282:
276:
260:
248:Loxommatinae
242:
241:
240:
225:
224:
212:Loxommatinae
179:
166:
114:
24:
18:
3170:Romer's gap
2966:Pan-Amniota
2914:Crown group
2767:Papposaurus
2591:Baphetoidea
2447:Colosteidae
2433:Whatcheeria
2387:Sillerpeton
2178:Doragnathus
2138:Antlerpeton
1671:Spodichthys
1634:Litoptychus
1592:Eusthenodon
1585:Edenopteron
1578:Devonosteus
1484:Rhizodopsis
1447:Mahalalepis
1424:Cryptolepis
1371:Koharalepis
1357:Beelarongia
1333:Vorobjevaia
1311:Screbinodus
1304:Sauripterus
1297:Rossichthys
1269:Letognathus
1234:Archichthys
1211:Viluichthys
1081:Litoptychus
1021:Glyptopomus
1001:Chrysolepis
881:Rhipidistia
489:Restoration
406:Description
302:The family
293:Lanarkshire
205:Subfamily:
3322:Baphetoids
3316:Categories
2889:Eoherpeton
2738:Eoherpeton
2731:Eobaphetes
2671:Embolomeri
2623:Baphetidae
2248:Perittodus
2168:Diploradus
2054:Ventastega
2024:Tulerpeton
1993:Parmastega
1973:Jakubsonia
1953:Hynerpeton
1879:sensu lato
1805:see below↓
1794:sensu lato
1753:Qikiqtania
1642:Mandageria
1627:Langlieria
1571:Canningius
1364:Canowindra
1318:Strepsodus
1171:Shirolepis
1141:Osteolepis
1071:Kenichthys
1011:Geptolepis
991:Bogdanovia
933:see below↓
519:References
515:of today.
513:crocodiles
509:alligators
446:Crocodilia
428:Baphetidae
376:B. kirkbyi
319:Baphetidae
304:Baphetidae
283:The genus
257:Baphetidae
199:Baphetidae
3119:Rachitomi
2984:includes
2948:includes
2918:Tetrapoda
2882:Eldeceeon
2874:Casineria
2788:Pteroplax
2576:Nectridea
2564:Nectridea
2456:Colosteus
2418:Ossinodus
2302:Lethiscus
2282:Aistopoda
2258:Sigournea
2238:Ossirarus
2044:Umzantsia
2013:Tiktaalik
2003:Sinostega
1875:Tetrapoda
1790:Tetrapoda
1773:Tiktaalik
1723:Livoniana
1620:Jarvikina
1461:Megapomus
1201:Tungsenia
1151:Peregrina
1031:Gogonasus
846:Kingdom:
754:130320708
669:: 38–59.
442:alligator
311:tetrapods
146:Kingdom:
140:Eukaryota
3246:Q6694327
3240:Wikidata
3206:Category
3175:Timeline
2716:Cricotus
2687:Archeria
2639:Kyrinion
2632:Baphetes
2604:Eucritta
2426:Pederpes
2228:Occidens
2119:Devonian
2034:Tutusius
1893:Devonian
1439:Lohsania
1290:Rhizodus
1248:Barameda
1191:Thursius
1111:Medoevia
854:Chordata
852:Phylum:
848:Animalia
693:Baphetes
338:Kyrinion
297:Scotland
192:Family:
160:Chordata
156:Phylum:
150:Animalia
136:Domain:
3286:4133853
3273:1406065
3260:4815969
3231:Loxomma
2986:Amniota
2694:Aversor
2646:Loxomma
2208:Koilops
2188:Gaiasia
1678:Tinirau
1613:Hyneria
1386:Owensia
1241:Aztecia
1101:Latvius
784:at the
781:Loxomma
504:humerus
500:Loxomma
495:Loxomma
468:Loxomma
457:Loxomma
444:of the
432:Loxomma
424:Loxomma
392:Loxomma
384:Loxomma
380:Loxomma
368:Loxomma
361:Loxomma
347:Loxomma
327:Loxomma
315:Loxomma
285:Loxomma
277:Loxomma
261:Loxomma
243:Loxomma
226:Loxomma
218:Genus:
25:Loxomma
3080:groups
2064:Ymeria
1262:Hongyu
752:
551:
462:Large
440:or an
335:, and
323:genera
234:, 1862
232:Huxley
3299:36971
3268:IRMNG
2853:Other
2116:Post-
877:Clade
868:Clade
859:Clade
750:S2CID
730:(PDF)
180:Clade
167:Clade
3255:GBIF
2978:see
2942:see
2574:see
2122:taxa
1896:taxa
910:see
549:ISBN
374:and
40:PreꞒ
742:doi
705:doi
701:122
671:doi
587:doi
511:or
378:.
3318::
3296::
3283::
3270::
3257::
3242::
879::
870::
861::
748:.
738:46
736:.
732:.
717:^
699:.
683:^
667:14
665:.
661:.
631:^
599:^
581:.
577:.
563:^
527:^
329:,
325::
299:.
182::
169::
90:Pg
34:Ma
3110:?
3104:?
3075:/
2968:)
2964:(
2930:(
2877:?
2859:"
2855:"
2850:†
2813:†
2741:?
2719:"
2713:"
2668:†
2607:?
2588:†
2566:"
2562:"
2560:†
2488:†
2444:†
2421:?
2406:†
2279:†
2264:†
2254:†
2244:†
2234:†
2224:†
2214:†
2204:†
2194:†
2184:†
2174:†
2164:†
2154:†
2144:†
2134:†
2075:†
2060:†
2050:†
2040:†
2030:†
2020:†
2016:?
2009:†
1999:†
1989:†
1979:†
1969:†
1959:†
1949:†
1945:?
1938:†
1928:†
1918:†
1908:†
1881:)
1872:(
1796:)
1787:(
1769:†
1759:†
1749:†
1739:†
1729:†
1719:†
1715:?
1708:†
1652:?
1637:?
1538:†
1529:?
1522:†
1501:?
1472:?
1464:?
1442:?
1427:?
1398:†
1389:?
1381:?
1345:†
1336:?
1328:?
1222:†
1207:†
1197:†
1187:†
1177:†
1167:†
1157:†
1147:†
1137:†
1127:†
1117:†
1107:†
1097:†
1087:†
1077:†
1067:†
1057:†
1047:†
1037:†
1027:†
1017:†
1007:†
997:†
987:†
829:)
825:(
815:e
808:t
801:v
788:.
756:.
744::
711:.
707::
677:.
673::
593:.
589::
583:7
557:.
222:†
209:†
196:†
95:N
85:K
80:J
75:T
70:P
65:C
60:D
55:S
50:O
45:Ꞓ
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
