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found north of the
Palghat Gap and continues into the upper breast. The grey of the upper breast is faintly streaked in brown. The lower breast and belly is rusty brown and the upper parts are olive brown. The bill is browner and not as dark grey as in the black-chinned. The Ashambu laughingthrush
649:
The breeding season is
December to June but peaking in April and May. The nest is a cup of grass with moss and lined with fine fibre placed in a low fork hidden in dense vegetation. The usual clutch is two blue eggs with reddish markings and indistinguishable from those of the black-chinned
689:
is found in the hills to the south of it. In the Palni Hills, their densities varied across locations ranging from 1.4 birds per hectare at Kukkal, 0.5/ha at
Poombarai, 0.33/ha at Kodaikanal Botanical gardens, 0.16/ha on the golf course and 0.22/ha at Paricombai.
316:) which was earlier treated as a subspecies has greyer upper plumage, paler crown and the centre of the belly is white with chestnut brown on the flanks and vent. The iris is dark red or red-brown. The sexes are indistinguishable in the field.
650:
laughingthrush. When the nest is predated or after the young fledge, the nest is destroyed. The nests of other birds in the vicinity may also be torn up by the parent birds. Unhatched eggs may also be eaten by the parent birds.
302:
This species has a dark grey-brown crown and narrow dark grey eyestripe with a broad white supercilium above it. This supercilium extends behind the eye in this species but stops above the eye in the closely related
701:
266:. Found in the high montane forests, this grey bibbed, rufous bellied bird with a prominent dark eyestripe and broad white brow was grouped along with the grey-breasted subspecies of the
342:
1302:
669:
This species is restricted south of the
Palghat Gap with the main distribution range in the higher regions (above 1,100 metres (3,600 ft)) of the
1235:
1261:
1113:
711:
719:
1312:
1266:
964:
Robin, V.V.; Vishnudas, C. K.; Gupta, Pooja; Rheindt, Frank E.; Hooper, Daniel M.; Ramakrishnan, Uma; Reddy, Sushma (2017).
308:
271:
267:
595:
82:
966:"Two new genera of songbirds represent endemic radiations from the Shola Sky Islands of the Western Ghats, India"
1174:
1307:
194:
942:
1190:
795:
359:
279:
642:
177:
1150:
767:
600:
1123:. Anaikatty, Coimbatore: Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology and Natural History: 19–20. Archived from
867:
367:
47:
30:
329:
212:
77:
1124:
847:
366:
as a biogeographic barrier and giving importance to the chin colour, was introduced in 2005 by
1274:
1222:
997:
370:
and
Anderton. A study published in 2017 found that the species was best placed in a new genus
204:
1279:
336:
was noted even when this species was first described but it was made into a subspecies under
987:
977:
923:
896:
762:
661:
calls are produced in other behavioural contexts. Some calls appear to be antiphonal duets.
581:
569:
538:
526:
491:
460:
429:
417:
144:
943:"Notes on some birds collected on the Nilghiris and in parts of Wynaad and southern Mysore"
290:
Gap and was treated as a subspecies. The two forms were together treated under the name of
1179:
884:
674:
62:
744:
832:. Washington DC & Barcelona: Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Edicions. p. 414.
992:
965:
927:
900:
248:
1114:"An assessment of the population and habitat use of the Grey-breasted Laughing-thrush"
1089:
Islam, MA (1989). "Nest destruction and cannibalistic behaviour of
Laughing Thrushes,
558:
480:
449:
1296:
753:
618:
612:
255:
67:
1063:
1227:
796:"Ornithological Notes, chiefly on some bird of Central, Western and Southern India"
670:
606:
544:
466:
435:
1035:
Islam, MA (1987). "Food and feeding habits of the South Indian
Laughing Thrushes
1248:
363:
332:
and came to be called the Pulney laughing-thrush. The lack of the black chin of
275:
259:
154:
982:
685:
in Kerala. The nominate subspecies is found north of the
Achankovil gap while
678:
325:
287:
39:
1213:
350:
based on a specimen obtained by F. W. Bourdillon. The close relationship of
134:
94:
1001:
1064:"A note on the nidification and habits of the Travancore Laughing-Thrush (
657:
followed by more abrupt notes. Numerous other vocalizations such as a low
1207:
624:
251:
114:
1240:
869:
The Fauna of
British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Birds. Volume 1
849:
The Fauna of
British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Birds. Volume 1
1253:
682:
514:
405:
104:
1184:
286:) with a shorter white brow is found in the high hills south of the
1024:(2nd ed.). New Delhi: Oxford University Press. pp. 42–44.
914:
Anonymous (1881). "Notices of recent Ornithological Publications".
653:
The contact calls are very loud series of steeply ascending notes
636:
630:
263:
594:
They are found in pairs and small groups and they sometimes join
124:
1188:
616:
species. They also feed on the petals of some flowers such as
362:
in 1883. The current regrouping of the forms, considering the
866:
Oates, Eugene William (1889). William Thomas Blanford (ed.).
852:(2nd ed.). London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 178–179.
1151:"The birds of Travancore, with notes on their nidification"
1175:
Photographs and videos on the Internet Bird Collection
343:
The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma
1022:
Handbook of the birds of India and Pakistan. Volume 7
346:
in 1922 by Stuart Baker. In 1880 Blanford described
1197:
502:
395:
388:
328:region on the basis of a specimen obtained by Rev.
768:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T103874452A95109792.en
830:Birds of South Asia. The Ripley Guide. Volume 2
885:"Supplementary Notes to 'The Birds of India.'"
872:. London: Taylor and Francis. pp. 99–100.
622:and the fruits of a range of plants including
307:. The throat is distinctly grey unlike in the
8:
1185:
1112:Somasundaram, S.; Lalitha Vijayan (2007).
385:
203:
56:
29:
20:
991:
981:
766:
598:. They feed on the nectar of flowers of
278:while another closely related form, the
735:
697:
1015:
1013:
1011:
861:
859:
841:
839:
789:
787:
785:
1303:IUCN Red List near threatened species
1149:Ferguson, HS; Bourdillon, TF (1903).
823:
821:
819:
817:
815:
813:
7:
521:173–190 mm (6.8–7.5 in)
412:175–185 mm (6.9–7.3 in)
324:This species was described from the
828:Rasmussen, PC; JC Anderton (2005).
754:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
712:Kalakkad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve
378:is best treated as a full species.
928:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1881.tb06600.x
901:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1872.tb08412.x
588:35–36 mm (1.4–1.4 in)
576:95–96 mm (3.7–3.8 in)
564:84–85 mm (3.3–3.3 in)
550:85–88 mm (3.3–3.5 in)
533:21–22 mm (0.8–0.9 in)
498:33–35 mm (1.3–1.4 in)
486:86–92 mm (3.4–3.6 in)
472:86–97 mm (3.4–3.8 in)
455:81–86 mm (3.2–3.4 in)
441:83–91 mm (3.3–3.6 in)
424:21–23 mm (0.8–0.9 in)
374:and that based on the divergence,
14:
1066:Trochalopterum jerdoni fairbanki
718:
700:
557:
543:
479:
465:
448:
434:
81:
743:BirdLife International (2016).
274:. This species is found in the
1:
1121:Annual Report 2006–2007
1093:spp. (Aves: Muscicapidae)".
596:mixed-species feeding flocks
309:black-chinned laughingthrush
272:grey-breasted laughingthrush
268:black-chinned laughingthrush
1329:
1020:Ali, S; SD Ripley (1996).
221:Garrulax jerdoni fairbanki
983:10.1186/s12862-017-0882-6
941:Davison, William (1883).
761:: e.T103874452A95109792.
509:
400:
340:in the second edition of
218:
211:
202:
183:
176:
78:Scientific classification
76:
54:
45:
37:
28:
23:
1199:Trochalopteron fairbanki
1155:J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc
1072:J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc
970:BMC Evolutionary Biology
708:Montecincla meridionalis
284:Montecincla meridionalis
229:Trochalopteron fairbanki
1313:Birds described in 1869
1043:(Aves: Muscicapidae)".
225:Strophocincla fairbanki
1062:Bates, R.S.P. (1931).
360:William Ruxton Davison
280:Ashambu laughingthrush
24:Palani laughingthrush
800:J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal
794:Blanford, WT (1869).
747:Montecincla fairbanki
643:Rhodomyrtus tomentosa
382:Behaviour and ecology
330:Samuel Bacon Fairbank
292:Kerala laughingthrush
244:Montecincla fairbanki
239:Palani laughingthrush
187:Montecincla fairbanki
655:pee-koko... pee-koko
254:to the hills of the
1037:Garrulax cachinnans
883:Jerdon, TC (1872).
846:Baker, ECS (1922).
673:extending into the
368:Pamela C. Rasmussen
48:Conservation status
1095:Bangladesh J. Zool
1045:Bangladesh J. Zool
725:Feeding on a berry
247:) is a species of
1290:
1289:
1275:Open Tree of Life
1191:Taxon identifiers
592:
591:
270:and known as the
235:
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169:M. fairbanki
71:
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1041:Garrulax jerdoni
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1130:on 3 March 2016
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675:Annamalai Hills
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601:Lobelia excelsa
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358:was noticed by
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314:M. meridionalis
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63:Near Threatened
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16:Species of bird
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1169:External links
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1007:
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947:Stray Feathers
933:
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178:Binomial name
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1132:. Retrieved
1125:the original
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772:. Retrieved
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686:
671:Palani Hills
668:
665:Distribution
658:
654:
652:
648:
641:
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629:
623:
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611:
607:Rhododendron
605:
599:
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503:
390:Measurements
375:
371:
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305:meridionalis
304:
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262:in Southern
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186:
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168:
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155:
18:
1249:iNaturalist
1134:16 December
1101:(1): 15–17.
774:12 November
687:meridionale
677:in western
504:meridionale
376:meridionale
372:Montecincla
364:Palghat Gap
352:meridionale
348:meridionale
298:Description
276:Palni Hills
260:Palghat Gap
156:Montecincla
1297:Categories
1180:Bird calls
1051:: 197–204.
806:: 164–191.
731:References
679:Tamil Nadu
326:Kodaikanal
288:Achankovil
40:Meghamalai
976:(1): 31.
710:from the
356:fairbanki
163:Species:
101:Kingdom:
95:Eukaryota
1208:Wikidata
1091:Garrulax
1002:28114902
625:Viburnum
396:Nominate
320:Taxonomy
213:Synonyms
195:Blanford
141:Family:
115:Chordata
111:Phylum:
105:Animalia
91:Domain:
68:IUCN 3.1
1280:3599818
1241:6101131
1214:Q499845
993:5259981
694:Gallery
338:jerdoni
334:jerdoni
252:endemic
197:, 1869)
151:Genus:
131:Order:
121:Class:
66: (
38:in the
1267:916109
1254:339857
1000:
990:
683:Munnar
582:Tarsus
527:Culmen
515:Length
492:Tarsus
418:Culmen
406:Length
1228:596H4
1128:(PDF)
1117:(PDF)
659:kweer
637:Rubus
631:Eurya
264:India
1262:ITIS
1236:GBIF
1136:2008
1039:and
998:PMID
916:Ibis
889:Ibis
776:2021
759:2016
681:and
640:and
610:and
570:Tail
539:Wing
461:Tail
430:Wing
354:and
237:The
125:Aves
1223:CoL
988:PMC
978:doi
924:doi
897:doi
763:doi
1299::
1277::
1264::
1251::
1238::
1225::
1210::
1159:15
1157:.
1153:.
1119:.
1099:17
1097:.
1076:35
1074:.
1070:.
1068:)"
1049:15
1047:.
1010:^
996:.
986:.
974:17
972:.
968:.
951:10
949:.
945:.
920:23
918:.
893:14
891:.
887:.
858:^
838:^
812:^
804:38
802:.
798:.
784:^
757:.
751:.
646:.
634:,
628:,
604:,
294:.
1138:.
1004:.
980::
930:.
926::
903:.
899::
778:.
765::
749:"
745:"
312:(
282:(
241:(
193:(
70:)
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