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Each PANOSE 2.0 category value is a signed 16-bit number (from −32,768 to 32,767; only ranges between −10,000 and 10,000 are defined), where value zero (0) is considered to be the "normal" for the digit. For example, digit zero for the weight represents medium weight. The "any" value from PANOSE 1.0
111:
The PANOSE 1.0 definition was published in 1988. A PANOSE classification number consists of 10 concatenated values. Each value from a given category was computed from a specific visual metric, such as the weight of the font and the presence or absence of serifs. Special values "Any" (0) and "No Fit"
521:
The system stores actual measurement data under the Rich Font
Description (RFD) rather than bucketing it, which allows the matching system to use mathematical distance rather than penalty tables. It is designed for distortable font technologies (e.g.: Multi Master fonts). The system offers multiple
632:
The Family category is replaced by Class and Genre, where Class indicates a font's language and character set, where Genre indicates text faces, display faces, symbol faces, and so on. PANOSE matching software is designed to match fonts with different Class, but same Genre. The same Genre can have
119:
Family: The Family value defines what type of font is being classified, which affects the valid values available for the latter categories, and the categories available. Different category definitions exist for Latin Text, Latin Hand
Written, Latin Decorative, Latin Symbol, Iconographic, Japanese
649:
The PANOSE Mapper software determines the closest possible font match on any given system by comparing the PANOSE numbers of the requested and available fonts. The individual PANOSE digits are compared, weighted by their typographic importance, and summed to provide a numerical visual distance.
112:(1) exist for every category, which have specific meanings to the mapper. "Any" means match that digit with any available digit, which allows the mapper to handle distortable typefaces. "No Fit" means that the item being classified does not fit within the present system.
80:, which allows applications to suggest the most appropriate Latin typeface to match a given Han ideographic typeface. Transliteral mapping could also be used to match between, for example, decorative or script faces and text equivalents.
69:
In 1990, the Weight category was added, and the Arm Style category was split off from the Stroke
Variation category, bringing the number of classification categories to 9. Objective classification criteria were also added at this time.
53:
from a sample image or to match a known font to its closest visual neighbor from a font pool. The word "PANOSE" is composed of letters taken from the six classes in which the creator of the system organized the Latin alphabet.
157:
it specifies the relationship between the thicknesses of the thin stems and the wide stems. It further details the contrast trait by describing the kind of transition that occurs as the stem thickness changes on rounded glyph
680:. It was not included in the final CSS 1 recommendation partly because of licensing concerns. Although Hewlett-Packard Co. is not interested in profiting from PANOSE, it will negotiate licenses on a time and materials basis.
248:
Finials: Possible values are 0 (Any), 1 (No fit), 2/3/4 (None), 5/6/7 (Sharp), 8/9/10 (Tapered), 11/12/13 (Round). For each of the latter options there are three variants: respectively No loops, Closed Loops, and Open
650:
Typographic importance is derived by assigning weights to each digit; for example, a font's weight (regular, bold, demibold, etc.) is more important than its contrast (difference between thick and thin strokes).
550:
Serif
Measure, Serif Tall Measure, Serif Tip Measure, Serif Hip Roundness, Serif Tip Roundness, Serif Angle, Serif Drop Measure, Serif Balance Measure, Serif Foot Pitch Measure, Serif Cup Measure
633:
different meaning in different Class, so the matching heuristic decides the closeness of fonts based on adjusted values based on Class, rather than raw PANOSE values within the fonts themselves.
525:
The original classification system was changed from a bucket-based system to an arithmetic system (except the Family from PANOSE 1.0 and derivatives), and was expanded to following categories:
164:
it classifies special treatment of diagonal stems and termination of open rounded letterforms. The letter A and C are used extensively for this classification, along with G, M, S, V, W, and Y.
151:
it describes the ratio between the thickest and narrowest points on the letter O. The uppercase O is used because it is generally of higher contrast than the other characters of the alphabet.
83:
In 1993, Mapper
Application Interface (MAI) was developed. PANOSE 2.0 was also released in the same year, which is the basis for Hewlett-Packard's Infinifont font synthesis technology.
133:
it describes the appearance of the serifs used in a font design and groups them into one of 14 general categories. Serif and sans serif faces are classified within this digit.
145:
it describes the relative proportions of the characters in the font. Distinguishes
Monospaced from Proportional, Modern from Old Style, and Extended from Condensed.
62:
The original PANOSE System was developed in 1985 by
Benjamin Bauermeister. In 1988, it was published by Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc. under the title
139:
it classifies the appearance of a font's stem thickness in relation to its height. It offers 10 gradations, ranging from Very Light to Extra Black.
86:
PANOSE was incorporated into a variety of digital font metadata tags in 1992 by ElseWare
Corporation. The classification system, its matching
849:. Doyle argues that IBM and PANOSE classification systems are underused and do not represent the main useful methods of font classification.
835:
66:. This initial version of the PANOSE system consisted of seven classification categories, and was based on subjective visual parameters.
827:
743:
841:
Doyle, John R. "Evaluating the IBM and HP/PANOSE font classification systems." In Online
Information Review 29 (5) 2005: 468-482.
732:
895:
880:
778:
15.3.6 Descriptors for
Matching: 'panose-1', 'stemv', 'stemh', 'slope', 'cap-height', 'x-height', 'ascent', and 'descent'
182:
it describes the treatment of uppercase glyphs with diacritical marks and the relative size of the lowercase characters.
900:
176:
it describes the placement of the midline across the uppercase characters and the treatment of diagonal stem apexes.
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is translated to a "don't care" parameter and is replaced by the more comprehensive distortable font descriptions.
684:
799:
590:
Stem Taper Factor, Stem Dishing Measure, Stem Bowing Measure, Stem Termination Type, Stem Termination Angle
42:
809:
46:
788:
777:
673:
641:
Classification Procedures are objective measurement techniques used to assign a PANOSE number to a font.
875:
170:
it classifies roundness of the character shapes and the predominant skewing of the character forms.
95:
831:
823:
739:
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714:
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PANOSE 2.0 is used in ElseWare Corporation's Infinifont parametric font generation system.
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91:
598:
Slant Angle, Outer Curve Factor, Side Flat Factor, Top Flat Factor, Bowl Mid-out Measure
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870:
31:
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In 1991, the Family Kind category was added, completing the PANOSE 1.0 definition.
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reference databases, classification parameters, and trademarks were purchased by
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The standard classifies fonts in following categories in following order:
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Mid "E" Measure, Mid "A" Measure, Apex Trim Factor, Apex Serif Flag
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696:
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676:, Hewlett-Packard proposed a PANOSE syntax extension for
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For example, the PANOSE digits for Times New Roman are:
346:
277:
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30:"Panose" redirects here. For the organic compound, see
820:
A Manual of Comparative Typography: The PANOSE System
756:
PANOSE: An Ideal Typeface Matching System for the Web
64:
A Manual of Comparative Typography: The PANOSE System
45:
solely on their visual characteristics, developed by
98:
was also purchased by Hewlett-Packard at that time.
566:Monospace Flag, Distortion Measure, Ratio Measure
582:Speed Factor, Stress-up Angle, Stress-low Angle
812:Infinifont: a parametric font generation system
76:In 1992, there were attempts made to classify
810:Clyde D. McQueen III, Raymond G. Beausoleil.
8:
345: with: descriptions. You can help by
276: with: descriptions. You can help by
206: with: descriptions. You can help by
703:property, which was removed in CSS 2.1.
527:
401:
49:. It can be used to identify an unknown
725:
94:in 1995. A font synthesis engine named
822:, Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc.
614:X-Tall Measure, Diacritical Location
7:
881:The Panose Typeface-Matching System
871:Example classification cheat sheet
710:, it is part of WordProcessingML.
25:
658:PANOSE 1.0 table is supported in
637:PANOSE Classification Procedures
333:
264:
194:
120:Text, Cyrillic Text, and Hebrew.
789:WordML and Panose- Yes, Panose!
737:, O'Reilly Media, 2007, p. 424.
522:methods for distortable fonts.
767:20.8.3 The 'font-face' element
390:Aspect Ratio of Character 211:
387:Aspect Ratio of Character 163:
384:Aspect Ratio of Character 157:
381:Aspect Ratio of Character 119:
27:Typeface classification system
1:
378:Aspect Ratio of Character 94:
187:Latin Hand Written categories
375:Aspect Ratio & Contrast:
257:Latin Decoratives categories
683:PANOSE 1.0 is supported in
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29:
847:10.1108/14684520510628873
687:since version 1.0 in the
78:Han ideographic typefaces
818:Benjamin Bauermeister.
814:, ElseWare Corporation.
326:Latin Symbol categories
41:System is a method for
896:Classification systems
866:PANOSE 2.0 White Paper
713:PANOSE 1.0 is used in
645:PANOSE Mapper software
735:Fonts & Encodings
672:'s draft process for
125:Latin Text categories
47:Benjamin Bauermeister
43:classifying typefaces
861:PANOSE 1.0 Reference
733:Yannis Haralambous,
699:, it is used in the
668:In 1996, during the
574:Narrow Stem Measure
321:Range of Characters:
876:Windows GDI: PANOSE
717:Specification 1.7.
901:Digital typography
836:978-0-442-21187-5
678:font substitution
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622:Cap-Scale Factor
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460:Stroke variation
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16:(Redirected from
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354:February 2013
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547:Serif Style
499:(Standard)
482:Letterform
438:Proportion
168:Letterform:
143:Proportion:
890:Categories
721:References
595:Letterform
563:Proportion
471:Arm style
312:Treatment:
227:Tool Kind:
162:Arm Style:
96:Infinifont
88:algorithms
689:font-face
587:Arm Style
504:X-height
449:Contrast
444:(Modern)
433:(Medium)
318:Topology:
306:Contrast:
252:X-ascent:
242:Topology:
239:Contrast:
180:X-height:
149:Contrast:
102:Revisions
830:, 1988.
701:panose-1
693:panose-1
660:TrueType
611:X-Height
571:Contrast
510:(Large)
493:Midline
488:(Round)
372:Spacing:
233:Spacing:
174:Midline:
603:Midline
427:Weight
422:(Cove)
395:Example
369:Weight:
315:Lining:
303:Aspect:
300:Weight:
230:Weight:
158:shapes.
137:Weight:
58:History
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579:Stroke
555:Weight
539:Family
297:Class:
249:loops.
39:PANOSE
18:Panose
697:CSS 2
674:CSS 1
366:Kind:
245:Form:
832:ISBN
824:ISBN
740:ISBN
619:none
534:2.0
51:font
37:The
843:doi
706:In
685:SVG
670:W3C
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