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Paneláks, particularly in big cities, are often the first targets for builders of telecommunication networks, as the housing estates combine a high concentration of people with easy access to underground and in-house spaces for cables. Panelák housing estates are usually the first neighbourhoods with
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Some Czech sociologists fear that panelák inhabitants may lack amenities, and suffer from being unable to physically access distant businesses and commercial centres. To combat this, certain local authorities are making significant efforts to prevent this scenario by changing bedroom communities into
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in 1989, there was widespread speculation that the country's paneláks would fall out of favor, due to their simplicity and small size. The Czech government sold the paneláks to their tenants for cheap prices, furthering speculation that the apartments would be undesirable. However, these fears have
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Planners from the communist era wanted to provide large quantities of fast and affordable housing and to slash costs by employing uniform designs over the whole country. They also sought to foster a "collectivistic nature" in the people. In case of war, these houses would not be as susceptible to
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Some housing estates do have other facilities, such as shopping centres, schools, libraries, swimming pools, cinemas and such. Also, architects sometimes made an effort to make the buildings distinct, by mixing various types of paneláks, for example, or by using different colours. Well-designed
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In Prague and other large cities, most paneláks were built in a type of housing estate known as a sídliště. Such housing developments now dominate large parts of Prague, Bratislava and other towns. The first sídliště built in Prague was Petřiny in the 1950s; the largest in Prague is Jižní Město
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However, paneláks have also been praised by many. Upon their introduction, paneláks offered more reliable heating, hot water, and plumbing than existing buildings, especially those in rural locations. The buildings typically offered large amounts of natural light, compared to their older
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housing estates also have some environmental advantages. By leaving wide spaces between buildings, designers created large green spaces and parks, which are lacking in many prewar Czech neighbourhoods. In some places, paneláks were an improvement in sanitary conditions.
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In comparison to pre-war apartment buildings, paneláks can be truly enormous. Some are more than 100 metres long, and some are more than 20 stories high. Some even have openings for cars and pedestrians to pass through, lest they have to go all the way around the
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Following the Velvet
Revolution, most paneláks were sold to their tenants at low costs. Many panelák flats are now the property of their inhabitants, though they are also rented out through private landlords. The buildings are often managed by
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Nevertheless, concerns remain about the social situations of those living in panelák apartments, as well as their decay. However, the cost of replacing of paneláks in the short term would be well beyond the means of the Czech
Republic or
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Panelák apartments have risen in value more than brick apartments, have been praised for housing people from a wide variety of incomes, and have been subject to a number of positive cultural depictions including magazines and TV shows.
710:). However, not all flat dwellers in Eastern Europe live in communist era blocks of flats; many live in buildings constructed after the fall of communism, and some in buildings surviving from the era before communism.
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A typical panelák apartment has a foyer, bathroom, kitchen, a living room also used for dining, and a bedroom. All paneláks in the Czech
Republic were constructed to follow one of sixteen design patterns.
294:, many of whom would maintain prominence following the establishment of the Czechoslovak People's Republic in 1948. In the years following 1948, the Czechoslovakian architectural scene favored
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expressed concerns that the country's paneláks were near the end of their lifespan, citing an increasing number of structural incidents. He estimated that his agency would need 400 billion
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multifunctional urban neighbourhoods. This may include support for the construction of missing facilities, such as shopping centres, churches, or improved transport accessibility.
310:, coupled by post-war housing shortages faced throughout both eastern and western Europe, encouraged the country's architectures to construct more simplistic, modernist buildings.
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Paneláks have been criticized for their simplistic design, poor-quality building materials, and their tendency to become overcrowded. In 1990,
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are called "věžový dům" (tower house) or colloquially "věžák". The buildings remain a towering, highly visible reminder of the
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shows the life of several inhabitants in a real unfinished communist-bloc apartment project. Awarded a Great Prize in
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refers specifically to buildings in the former
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Other popular TV series set largely within the confines of a panelák include the long running sitcom
Susedia (
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Between 1959 and 1995, paneláks containing 1.17 million flats were built in what is now the Czech
Republic.
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tells a doomed love story set in a similar housing project in
Hungary. Special Mention at the 1982
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As of 2005, they housed about 3.5 million people, or about one-third of the country's population.
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is used mainly for the elongated blocks with more sections with separate entrances – simple panel
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Throughout the mid 1950s, the country's designers applied a modernist aesthetic known as the
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see section Source data for tables and figures, Housing statistics: tables and figures
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In recent years, many paneláks have been renovated, partially due to funds from the
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to modernize the country's paneláks, and 1.5 trillion to tear them down entirely.
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Areas with high shares of its population living in paneláks include the city of
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were built also in other communist countries, and they are a common feature of
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One of the most drastic reconstruction policies of the
Eastern Bloc was the
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meaning, literally, "panel house / prefabricated-sections house". The term
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Manufacturing a
Socialist Modernity: Housing in Czechoslovakia, 1945–1960.
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Paneláks remain commonplace today, and have attracted a wide diversity of
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and elsewhere in the world. Paneláks are usually located in
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focused on the residents of a single block in
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Colloquial term in Czech and Slovak for a panel building
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programme that took place in the 1970s and 1980s under
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firebombing as traditional, densely packed buildings.
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1100:Website about panelaks in the Czech Republic
1057:"Zachrante nase panelaky, tlaci na EU Cesko"
907:Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press.
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
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772:The long-running Slovak soap opera
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979:O'Sullivan, Feargus (2020-09-30).
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683:. Most buildings in Soviet-era
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861:Large panel system building
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1063:(in Czech). Archived from
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757:Krzysztof Kieślowski
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43:improve this article
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157:[ˈpanɛlaːk]
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60: –
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54:Find sources:
48:
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38:
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32:This article
30:
26:
21:
20:
1808:
1762:Khrushchevka
1686:
1566:
1565:
1524:Coat of arms
1519:Architecture
1487:Prostitution
1457:Demographics
1320:Constitution
1080:
1069:. Retrieved
1065:the original
1060:
1050:
1039:. Retrieved
1035:the original
996:. Retrieved
984:
904:
889:
883:Bibliography
790:
782:
774:
767:wielka płyta
766:
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570:Panorama of
540:
530:
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516:Czech koruna
509:
480:
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417:
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405:Václav Havel
402:
398:
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367:
354:Sídlisko III
342:
336:
278:
246:
239:tower blocks
234:
231:panelový dom
223:panelový dům
211:
204:
196:
138:
135:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1757:Panelny dom
1561:Nationalism
1482:LGBT rights
1462:Drug policy
1396:Electricity
1252:Czech lands
1189:Czech lands
643:North Korea
572:Karlova Ves
506:Renovations
492:cable-modem
320: [
245:. The term
1816:Categories
1735:Mongolia:
1676:by country
1591:Television
1576:Philosophy
1551:Literature
1477:Irreligion
1472:Healthcare
1405:(currency)
1360:Parliament
1335:Government
1164:Marcomanni
1102:(in Czech)
1071:2020-05-16
1055:iHNed.cz.
1041:2020-10-04
998:2020-10-04
878:References
872:Minimalism
808:(Slovakia)
783:Neighbours
728:Panelstory
726:The movie
681:Plattenbau
612:cityscapes
602:, Bulgaria
578:, Slovakia
576:Bratislava
531:Panel Plus
498:and other
482:access to
298:over more
270:Bratislava
162:colloquial
69:newspapers
1741:Romania:
1729:Hungary:
1723:WHH GT 18
1691:Germany:
1467:Education
1426:Transport
1340:Judiciary
1325:Elections
1303:Districts
1235:Geography
1061:ihned.cz/
863:(Germany)
851:(Hungary)
837:Section 8
742:Béla Tarr
704:Lithuania
702:(63.8%),
698:(65.1%),
537:Ownership
494:service,
473:Amenities
463:Petržalka
451:Slovakia.
438:Záběhlice
395:building.
282:saw many
266:Petržalka
58:"Panelák"
1768:Sweden:
1755:Russia:
1731:Panelház
1627:Category
1541:Language
1492:Religion
1286:Politics
992:Archived
857:(Sweden)
849:Panelház
806:Sídlisko
800:See also
744:'s film
738:in 1980.
736:San Remo
708:Eurostat
669:panelház
661:Bulgaria
650:ideology
608:paneláks
527:magazine
484:cable TV
362:Slovakia
332:Brussels
330:held in
274:Slovakia
206:sídlisko
197:sídliště
164:term in
130:Hostivař
1798:Tilt up
1747:during
1687:Panelák
1611:Outline
1567:Panelák
1529:Cuisine
1506:Culture
1440:Society
1421:Tourism
1403:Koruna
1379:Economy
1313:Regions
1146:History
789:series
775:Panelák
762:Dekalog
713:In the
700:Estonia
690:In the
677:Germany
665:Hungary
654:blocuri
639:Romania
616:Central
614:across
459:Karviná
257:History
247:panelák
235:panelák
214:Panelák
160:) is a
153:Slovak:
139:Panelák
83:scholar
1718:WBS 70
1632:Portal
1391:Energy
1267:Rivers
911:
896:
696:Latvia
673:Poland
434:Prague
387:Prague
358:Prešov
227:Slovak
201:Slovak
172:for a
170:Slovak
145:Czech:
126:Prague
85:
78:
71:
64:
56:
1708:PH 16
1618:Index
1586:Sport
1556:Music
1452:Crime
925:Notes
839:(USA)
730:from
671:. In
647:Juche
600:Sofia
324:]
219:Czech
193:Czech
166:Czech
90:JSTOR
76:books
1743:Bloc
1546:Flag
1534:Wine
1355:Army
1169:Samo
1159:Boii
909:ISBN
894:ISBN
618:and
488:WiFi
467:Most
290:and
168:and
62:news
1713:Q3A
1698:M10
1514:Art
1350:Law
659:In
656:).
637:in
574:in
496:DSL
225:or
209:).
45:by
1818::
1703:P2
1059:.
1029:.
1007:^
987:.
983:.
933:^
626:.
554:.
546:,
529:,
502:.
486:,
360:,
356:,
322:cs
272:,
268:,
229::
221::
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195::
1666:e
1659:t
1652:v
1129:e
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436:-
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364:.
191:(
143:(
128:-
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106:(
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97:(
87:·
80:·
73:·
66:·
39:.
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