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Of approximately 150 gentlemen who generally serve for at least one week per year during official functions, about two dozen are on staff at a time. They assist at papal audiences, including the
Wednesday General Audiences, often bringing children to the pope for a blessing. In addressing an audience
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The various
Authorities and other personalities who visit the See of Peter experience their first contact with this House and receive their first impressions through you, dear Gentlemen. As your name indicates, the gifts of politeness and cordiality are therefore necessary to put these people at
1576:
over the course of several centuries, while others were appointed as a high honor, one of the highest the papacy conferred on
Catholic laymen (often prominent politicians or wealthy philanthropists). They were originally selected from members of Italian royal and aristocratic families. They were
1612:. They participate in civil ceremonies and formal receptions for heads of state, heads of government and others. They welcome dignitaries such as ambassadors and ministers who come to the Vatican or Castel Gandolfo to present their
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1581:) when conferred upon laypersons, it was mostly an honorary position, but a chamberlain generally served the pope for at least one week per year during official liturgical or state ceremonies.
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Prior to
Vatican II they provided personal assistance to the pope on formal state occasions as members of the Papal Court. The Gentlemen of His Holiness are under the
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members of the Papal Court and it was one of the highest honours that could be bestowed on a
Catholic layman by the pope. Known as Chamberlain of the Sword and Cape (
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in ceremonial positions, such as escorting dignitaries during state visits and other important occasions. It is a local name for the old court position of
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1313:
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2003:
1981:
1308:
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1943:
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Wooden, Cindy. "Pope
Benedict's body solemnly, lovingly carried to St. Peter's Basilica", CNS, January 2, 2023
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The Church
Visible: The Ceremonial Life and Protocol of the Roman Catholic Church
1534:, wearing the formal court dress of a papal chamberlain of the sword and cape in
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with the papal gentlemen, Pope
Francis thanked them for their service and said,
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17:
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and replaced with the designation "Gentleman of His
Holiness" for laypersons.
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98:
Fundamental
Statute for the Secular Government of the States of the Church
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Money and the Rise of the Modern Papacy: Financing the Vatican, 1850–1950
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1518:. To be appointed is an honor. The appointee is an unpaid volunteer.
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27:
Lay attendant of the pope and his papal household in Vatican City
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and serve as guides, escorting them to meetings with the pope.
409:
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Palace of the Congregation for the Evangelization of Peoples
1568:
as well as laypersons, usually members of prominent Italian
3086:
1775:
Snizek, Rick. "‘Papal gentleman’ admires pope’s humility",
1572:
families. Many came from families that had long served the
2150:
4042:
House of Retreat for the Clergy of Saints John and Paul
1629:
They also acted as pallbearers during the funeral for
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Palace of the Congregation for the Oriental Churches
854:
Administration of the Patrimony of the Apostolic See
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Santa Maria della Pietà in Camposanto dei Teutonici
859:
Prefecture for the Economic Affairs of the Holy See
1741:Speciale, Alessandro. "All the Pope's Gentlemen",
1684:
2460:Archbishop and Metropolitan of the Roman Province
1214:Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City
998:Postage stamps and postal history of Vatican City
1790:"Francis receives Papal Gentlemen in audience",
2021:Order of Saint Sylvester and the Militia Aurata
1853:Orders, decorations, and medals of the Holy See
1633:, carrying the body into St. Peter's Basilica.
746:Section for Relations with States (Roman Curia)
307:Corps of Firefighters of the Vatican City State
1604:wearing the court dress of a papal chamberlain
4093:Pontificio Collegio Urbano de Propaganda Fide
3102:
2166:
1837:
1560:was prior to 1968 a court title given by the
1552:Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals
1463:
8:
756:Undersecretaries for Relations with States:
342:Pontifical Commission for Vatican City State
3521:Permanent Observer to the Council of Europe
768:List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
460:List of diplomatic missions of the Holy See
4107:
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1844:
1830:
1822:
1470:
1456:
1384:Restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes
29:
1723:, Cambridge University Press, 2005, p. 48
1714:
1712:
158:History of the Catholic Church since 1962
3850:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
2401:Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls
1304:Saints Martin and Sebastian of the Swiss
2445:Supreme Pontiff of the Universal Church
2440:Successor of the Prince of the Apostles
1949:Medal of the Order pro Merito Melitensi
1675:
1159:Papal tombs in Old St. Peter's Basilica
50:
1664:Index of Vatican City-related articles
1209:Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah
993:Papal Concert to Commemorate the Shoah
699:Prefecture of the Pontifical Household
280:Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches
1745:, Agence France-Presse, Aug. 17, 2010
1254:Vatican Advanced Technology Telescope
1013:Pontifical Academy of Social Sciences
750:Secretary for Relations with States:
215:Fundamental Law of Vatican City State
7:
312:Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City
4125:Basilica of Saint Francis of Assisi
2465:Sovereign of the Vatican City State
1756:Galeazzi, Giacomo (July 11, 2019).
1683:Noonan, Jr., James-Charles (1996).
1589:The title was abolished in 1968 by
1548:Camerlengo of the Holy Roman Church
819:Institute for the Works of Religion
799:The Holy See and the United Nations
4130:Basilica of Saint Anthony of Padua
3840:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
2386:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
2363:Archbasilica of Saint John Lateran
2004:Order of Saint John of the Lateran
1579:Cameriere Segreti di spada e cappa
1369:Collection of Modern Religious Art
395:List of newspapers in Vatican City
337:Association of Vatican Lay Workers
220:Capital punishment in Vatican City
25:
3908:Pontifical North American College
3470:Section for Relations with States
1939:Sovereign Military Order of Malta
1643:Charles Owen O'Conor, O'Conor Don
1610:Prefecture of the Papal Household
1364:Gallery of Sistine Chapel ceiling
824:Telephone numbers in Vatican City
719:Section for Relations with States
455:Foreign relations of the Holy See
410:.va (Vatican City internet sites)
4218:
4206:
3602:Extraordinary general assemblies
3069:
3057:
2133:
2121:
2108:Other Catholic orders of chivaly
1437:
1425:
1049:Basilica di Santa Maria Maggiore
480:Holy See–United States relations
188:Vatican City during World War II
33:
4070:Papal Palace of Castel Gandolfo
3970:Pontifical Oratory of San Paolo
3950:Pontifical Minor Roman Seminary
3749:Latina-Terracina-Sezze-Priverno
1506:. Papal gentlemen serve in the
1219:Public holidays in Vatican City
1069:Fountains of St. Peter's Square
1003:Public holidays in Vatican City
849:Financial Information Authority
4251:Catholic ecclesiastical titles
3759:Sora-Cassino-Aquino-Pontecorvo
2470:Servant of the servants of God
1886:Order of St. Gregory the Great
1758:"Who presents you to the Pope"
1008:Pontifical Academy of Sciences
839:Rail transport in Vatican City
781:Vatican and Holy See passports
370:Secretariat for Communications
265:Tribunal of Vatican City State
260:Temporal power of the Holy See
1:
4022:Pontifical Oriental Institute
2054:
1314:Santo Stefano degli Ungheresi
1094:Monument to the Royal Stuarts
575:President: G. di Sanguinetto
3845:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
2493:Coat of arms of the Holy See
2396:Basilica of Saint Mary Major
1309:Santo Stefano degli Abissini
909:Coat of arms of Vatican City
475:Holy See–Palestine relations
389:L'Osservatore della Domenica
235:Legal status of the Holy See
4027:Pontifical Lombard Seminary
3903:Pontifical Urban University
3597:Ordinary general assemblies
3344:Cardinal Secretary of State
2995:Pontifical colleges in Rome
1917:Order of the Holy Sepulchre
1284:Cardinal Secretary of State
1089:Mater Ecclesiae (monastery)
844:Secretariat for the Economy
734:Status in international law
729:Multilateral foreign policy
492:Governorate of Vatican City
405:Vatican Information Service
297:LGBT rights in Vatican City
168:Roman Historical Institutes
4267:
4120:Basilica of the Holy House
3744:Frosinone-Veroli-Ferentino
3152:Sovereignty and government
3076:Catholic Church portal
2310:properties of the Holy See
1944:Order pro Merito Melitensi
1545:
1244:Sant'Anna dei Palafrenieri
1239:San Pellegrino in Vaticano
874:Properties of the Holy See
4201:
4077:Gardens of the Villa Cybo
3930:Palace of the Holy Office
3920:Palazzo della Cancelleria
3892:Palace of Saint Callixtus
3862:
3815:
3161:Sovereign judicial entity
3124:
3052:
2188:
2116:
1982:Jerusalem Pilgrim's Cross
1972:Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice
1488:Gentleman of His Holiness
1099:Palace of the Holy Office
1079:Geography of Vatican City
973:Languages of Vatican City
834:Transport in Vatican City
563:President: Pio Vito Pinto
465:Holy See–Israel relations
425:Vatican Television Center
183:Vatican Historical Museum
4018:Archaeological Institute
3203:Old St. Peter's Basilica
3198:Patrimony of Saint Peter
3193:History of papal primacy
2027:Advocates of Saint Peter
1876:Order of the Golden Spur
1546:Not to be confused with
1379:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
1299:Redemptoris Mater Chapel
1149:Old St. Peter's Basilica
1019:The Story of the Vatican
650:Universi Dominici gregis
638:Universi Dominici Gregis
504:Military of Vatican City
497:Governor of Vatican City
470:Holy See–Italy relations
415:Vatican Publishing House
384:(Vatican City newspaper)
151:2010 Vatican sex scandal
146:Governor of Vatican City
93:Congregation for Borders
42:This article is part of
4213:Vatican City portal
3945:Palace of the Vicariate
3739:Civitavecchia-Tarquinia
3263:Prisoner in the Vatican
3252:Investiture Controversy
3064:Vatican City portal
2128:Vatican City portal
1871:Supreme Order of Christ
1602:Wilhelm Wedel-Jarlsberg
1432:Vatican City portal
1359:Vatican Gallery of Maps
1224:Vatican Secret Archives
1184:Via della Conciliazione
1074:Gardens of Vatican City
829:Tourism in Vatican City
325:Politics and government
286:Apostolic Constitution
242:Alperin v. Vatican Bank
112:Prisoner in the Vatican
4225:Catholicism portal
4181:Apostolic Penitentiary
4155:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4102:Santa Maria di Galeria
3427:For Vatican City State
2909:for Vatican City State
2539:Apostolic constitution
2140:Catholicism portal
2009:Order of Saint Cecilia
1891:Order of St. Sylvester
1627:
1605:
1543:
1444:Catholicism portal
1394:Sistine Chapel ceiling
1189:Vatican Climate Forest
1114:Saint Peter's Basilica
983:Vatican Christmas Tree
302:Pontifical Swiss Guard
275:1983 Code of Canon Law
209:Acta Apostolicae Sedis
4009:San Carlo ai Catinari
3980:Paul VI Audience Hall
3966:Benedictine monastery
3913:Bambino Gesù Hospital
3683:Sabina-Poggio Mirteto
3032:Sexually active popes
2983:Pontifical university
2727:Ring of the Fisherman
2566:Ecclesiastical letter
2561:Apostolic exhortation
2450:Patriarch of the West
2435:Vicar of Jesus Christ
2033:Blessed sword and hat
1881:Order of Pope Pius IX
1777:Rhode Island Catholic
1622:
1599:
1538:style, with a golden
1529:
1324:Cortile del Belvedere
1229:St. Peter's Baldachin
1164:Paul VI Audience Hall
1064:Domus Sanctae Marthae
988:Sport in Vatican City
978:Women in Vatican City
961:Music of Vatican City
450:Fabric of Saint Peter
400:Vatican Radio lawsuit
375:Holy See Press Office
363:Pontifical Commission
225:Crime in Vatican City
163:History of the Papacy
3835:St. Peter's Basilica
3528:Apostolic nunciature
3387:College of Cardinals
3382:Secretariat of State
3027:Popes by nationality
2943:Sistine Chapel Choir
2877:College of Cardinals
2508:Regalia and insignia
2391:St. Peter's Basilica
2098:Pontifical academies
1512:St. Peter's Basilica
1334:Porta San Pellegrino
1269:Bibliotheca Palatina
1119:Saint Peter's Square
1039:Apostolic nunciature
966:Sistine Chapel Choir
516:College of Cardinals
432:Secretariat of State
381:L'Osservatore Romano
4186:Apostolic Signatura
4014:Collegio Bellarmino
3886:Adjoining buildings
3461:Multilateral policy
2064:Papal Lateran Cross
1909:(with distinctions)
1536:Spanish Renaissance
1532:Christopher de Paus
1259:Vatican Observatory
1033:Buildings/geography
897:List of Papal flags
485:Papal apocrisiarius
3955:Collegio Teutonico
3872:Lateran University
3716:Suffragan dioceses
3693:Territorial abbeys
3663:Porto-Santa Rufina
3645:Suburbicarian sees
3607:Special assemblies
3502:Permanent Observer
2978:Pontifical academy
2973:Orders of chivalry
1960:Other distinctions
1794:, January 10, 2014
1691:. Viking. p.
1637:Grand Chamberlains
1606:
1544:
1204:Vatican Necropolis
1174:Torre San Giovanni
1124:Saint Peter's tomb
1059:Bramante Staircase
1022:, 1941 documentary
864:Vatican euro coins
645:(Papal elections)
550:Dominique Mamberti
543:Court of Cassation
4233:
4232:
4142:
4141:
4138:
4137:
4100:antennae area of
4091:Summer estate of
4056:
4055:
3988:
3987:
3960:Teutonic Cemetery
3858:
3857:
3821:
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3817:
3798:
3781:
3780:
3777:
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3734:Civita Castellana
3637:
3581:
3555:
3554:
3320:
3257:Age of Revolution
3230:Donation of Pepin
3225:Donation of Sutri
3165:international law
3084:
3083:
2851:Prelate of Honour
2418:
2322:
2321:
2318:
2317:
2148:
2147:
2015:Order of the Moor
1997:
1977:Benemerenti medal
1922:Palm of Jerusalem
1910:
1815:Irish Times, 1860
1779:, March 25, 2013
1719:Pollard John F.,
1631:Pope Benedict XVI
1558:Papal Chamberlain
1494:attendant of the
1480:
1479:
1400:The Last Judgment
1329:Passetto di Borgo
1319:Teutonic Cemetery
1169:Tomb of the Julii
1104:Palazzi Pontifici
1054:Borgia Apartments
786:Visa requirements
758:Antoine Camilleri
712:Foreign relations
657:Recent conclaves
357:Giuseppe Bertello
178:Vatileaks scandal
123:Law of Guarantees
76:Donation of Pepin
16:(Redirected from
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4223:
4222:
4211:
4210:
4209:
4113:extraterritorial
4108:
4086:Adjacent gardens
4046:Nympheum of Nero
3995:extraterritorial
3990:
3882:Sancta Sanctorum
3860:
3823:
3813:
3802:
3790:
3641:
3622:
3619:province of Rome
3585:
3566:
3417:Apostolic Camera
3324:
3306:
3188:Primacy of Peter
3111:
3104:
3097:
3088:
3074:
3073:
3062:
3061:
3060:
2899:Apostolic Camera
2856:Prince assistant
2782:Sedia gestatoria
2455:Primate of Italy
2414:
2345:Papal apartments
2340:Apostolic Palace
2307:extraterritorial
2263:
2212:
2175:
2168:
2161:
2152:
2138:
2137:
2126:
2125:
2124:
2059:
2056:
2045:Fidei et Virtuti
1995:
1908:
1903:under protection
1846:
1839:
1832:
1823:
1816:
1813:
1807:
1802:
1796:
1787:
1781:
1772:
1766:
1765:
1753:
1747:
1738:
1732:
1716:
1707:
1706:
1690:
1680:
1564:to high-ranking
1516:valet de chambre
1508:Apostolic Palace
1486:, also called a
1472:
1465:
1458:
1442:
1441:
1430:
1429:
1428:
1279:Cappella Paolina
1264:Vatican Pharmacy
1194:Vatican Heliport
1144:Niccoline Chapel
1129:Lateran Basilica
1109:Papal Apartments
1044:Apostolic Palace
929:Papal coronation
667:
558:Court of Appeals
526:
291:
141:
37:
30:
21:
4266:
4265:
4261:
4260:
4259:
4257:
4256:
4255:
4246:Papal gentlemen
4236:
4235:
4234:
4229:
4217:
4207:
4205:
4197:
4166:Papal household
4134:
4112:
4106:
4062:
4052:
4038:Sant'Apollinare
4036:Two Palaces of
4032:Russian College
3994:
3984:
3854:
3827:Major basilicas
3806:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3773:
3710:
3687:
3632:
3621:
3618:
3611:
3575:
3571:
3565:
3562:
3551:
3480:Of the Holy See
3475:To the Holy See
3458:
3456:Foreign affairs
3450:
3398:
3368:
3314:
3311:
3308:
3305:
3303:judicial entity
3302:
3295:
3169:
3147:Diocese of Rome
3120:
3115:
3085:
3080:
3068:
3058:
3056:
3048:
3017:Canonised popes
2947:
2938:Cappella Giulia
2865:
2829:Papal majordomo
2791:
2765:
2668:
2575:
2522:
2474:
2413:
2405:
2378:Major basilicas
2372:
2314:
2269:
2261:
2243:Diocese of Rome
2218:
2201:
2184:
2179:
2149:
2144:
2132:
2122:
2120:
2112:
2081:Papal household
2069:
2057:
1994:
1992:
1991:Defunct/dormant
1986:
1955:
1907:
1905:of the Holy See
1904:
1902:
1895:
1863:of the Holy See
1862:
1855:
1850:
1820:
1819:
1814:
1810:
1803:
1799:
1788:
1784:
1773:
1769:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1739:
1735:
1717:
1710:
1703:
1682:
1681:
1677:
1672:
1660:
1639:
1587:
1555:
1540:chain of office
1524:
1500:papal household
1484:papal gentleman
1476:
1436:
1426:
1424:
1407:
1406:
1402:by Michelangelo
1354:Vatican Museums
1349:
1347:Vatican Museums
1339:
1338:
1274:Cappella Giulia
1084:Gregorian Tower
1034:
1026:
1025:
956:Vatican Library
951:Vatican Museums
946:
936:
935:
887:
879:
878:
814:
804:
803:
795:
777:
764:
714:
704:
703:
692:Papal Gentleman
687:Papal household
681:
665:
626:Diocese of Rome
609:Catholic Church
592:
582:
581:
576:
564:
552:
524:
444:
359:
327:
317:
316:
284:
251:Doe v. Holy See
203:
193:
192:
139:
105:Capture of Rome
65:
55:
28:
23:
22:
18:Papal gentlemen
15:
12:
11:
5:
4264:
4262:
4254:
4253:
4248:
4238:
4237:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4215:
4202:
4199:
4198:
4196:
4195:
4190:
4189:
4188:
4183:
4173:
4168:
4163:
4158:
4150:
4148:
4144:
4143:
4140:
4139:
4136:
4135:
4133:
4132:
4127:
4122:
4116:
4114:
4105:
4104:
4095:
4089:
4088:
4087:
4084:
4078:
4075:
4066:
4064:
4058:
4057:
4054:
4053:
4051:
4050:
4049:
4048:
4040:
4034:
4029:
4024:
4019:
4016:
4011:
4005:
4001:Palace of the
3998:
3996:
3986:
3985:
3983:
3982:
3977:
3972:
3967:
3964:
3963:
3962:
3952:
3947:
3942:
3937:
3932:
3927:
3922:
3917:
3916:
3915:
3910:
3905:
3894:
3889:
3888:
3887:
3884:
3879:
3874:
3867:Lateran Palace
3863:
3856:
3855:
3853:
3852:
3847:
3842:
3837:
3831:
3829:
3819:
3818:
3810:
3799:
3796:territoriality
3783:
3782:
3779:
3778:
3775:
3774:
3772:
3771:
3766:
3761:
3756:
3751:
3746:
3741:
3736:
3731:
3726:
3720:
3718:
3712:
3711:
3709:
3708:
3703:
3697:
3695:
3689:
3688:
3686:
3685:
3680:
3675:
3670:
3665:
3660:
3658:Velletri-Segni
3655:
3649:
3647:
3638:
3617:Ecclesiastical
3613:
3612:
3610:
3609:
3604:
3599:
3593:
3591:
3582:
3573:full communion
3557:
3556:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3549:
3548:
3547:
3537:
3536:
3535:
3525:
3524:
3523:
3516:European Union
3513:
3512:
3511:
3510:
3509:
3497:United Nations
3494:
3489:
3488:
3487:
3477:
3472:
3466:
3464:
3452:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3447:
3446:
3441:
3436:
3431:
3430:
3429:
3419:
3408:
3406:
3400:
3399:
3397:
3396:
3395:
3394:
3392:Papal conclave
3384:
3378:
3376:
3370:
3369:
3367:
3366:
3365:
3364:
3359:
3349:
3347:Pietro Parolin
3341:
3332:
3330:
3321:
3297:
3296:
3294:
3293:
3288:
3283:
3282:
3281:
3279:Lateran Treaty
3271:
3266:
3259:
3254:
3249:
3248:
3247:
3245:Temporal power
3237:
3235:Avignon Papacy
3232:
3227:
3222:
3217:
3216:
3215:
3208:Lateran Palace
3205:
3200:
3195:
3190:
3185:
3179:
3177:
3171:
3170:
3168:
3167:
3158:
3149:
3125:
3122:
3121:
3116:
3114:
3113:
3106:
3099:
3091:
3082:
3081:
3079:
3078:
3066:
3053:
3050:
3049:
3047:
3046:
3045:
3044:
3042:Western Schism
3034:
3029:
3024:
3019:
3014:
3009:
3004:
3003:
3002:
3000:Major Seminary
2992:
2991:
2990:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2969:
2968:
2959:Papal nobility
2955:
2953:
2949:
2948:
2946:
2945:
2940:
2935:
2930:
2929:
2928:
2923:
2918:
2913:
2912:
2911:
2901:
2891:
2890:
2889:
2884:
2873:
2871:
2867:
2866:
2864:
2863:
2858:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2833:
2832:
2831:
2821:
2816:
2807:
2801:
2799:
2793:
2792:
2790:
2789:
2784:
2779:
2773:
2771:
2770:Transportation
2767:
2766:
2764:
2763:
2758:
2757:
2756:
2746:
2744:Sub-cinctorium
2741:
2740:
2739:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2709:
2704:
2699:
2694:
2689:
2684:
2678:
2676:
2670:
2669:
2667:
2666:
2661:
2660:
2659:
2649:
2644:
2639:
2634:
2629:
2628:
2627:
2617:
2616:
2615:
2608:
2596:
2595:
2594:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2576:
2574:
2573:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2552:
2551:
2541:
2536:
2530:
2528:
2524:
2523:
2521:
2520:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2503:Keys of Heaven
2500:
2495:
2490:
2484:
2482:
2476:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2467:
2462:
2457:
2452:
2447:
2442:
2437:
2432:
2430:Bishop of Rome
2427:
2421:
2419:
2407:
2406:
2404:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2382:
2380:
2374:
2373:
2371:
2370:
2360:
2354:
2353:
2352:
2350:Sistine Chapel
2347:
2337:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2323:
2320:
2319:
2316:
2315:
2313:
2312:
2303:
2302:
2301:
2298:Lateran Treaty
2281:
2279:
2260:
2259:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2226:
2224:
2221:Full communion
2209:
2203:
2202:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2180:
2178:
2177:
2170:
2163:
2155:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2130:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2110:
2105:
2100:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2091:Black nobility
2086:Papal nobility
2083:
2077:
2075:
2071:
2070:
2068:
2067:
2061:
2051:Lauretan Cross
2048:
2042:
2039:Pro Petri Sede
2036:
2030:
2024:
2018:
2012:
2006:
2000:
1998:
1988:
1987:
1985:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1963:
1961:
1957:
1956:
1954:
1953:
1952:
1951:
1946:
1936:
1935:
1934:
1932:Cross of Merit
1929:
1924:
1913:
1911:
1897:
1896:
1894:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1878:
1873:
1867:
1865:
1857:
1856:
1851:
1849:
1848:
1841:
1834:
1826:
1818:
1817:
1808:
1797:
1782:
1767:
1748:
1733:
1708:
1701:
1674:
1673:
1671:
1668:
1667:
1666:
1659:
1656:
1655:
1654:
1638:
1635:
1586:
1583:
1523:
1520:
1478:
1477:
1475:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1452:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1446:
1434:
1422:
1417:
1409:
1408:
1405:
1404:
1396:
1391:
1389:Sistine Chapel
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1366:
1361:
1356:
1350:
1345:
1344:
1341:
1340:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1326:
1321:
1316:
1311:
1306:
1301:
1296:
1294:Circus of Nero
1291:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1236:
1231:
1226:
1221:
1216:
1211:
1206:
1201:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1181:
1176:
1171:
1166:
1161:
1156:
1151:
1146:
1141:
1136:
1134:Lateran Palace
1131:
1126:
1121:
1116:
1111:
1106:
1101:
1096:
1091:
1086:
1081:
1076:
1071:
1066:
1061:
1056:
1051:
1046:
1041:
1035:
1032:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1024:
1023:
1015:
1010:
1005:
1000:
995:
990:
985:
980:
975:
970:
969:
968:
958:
953:
947:
942:
941:
938:
937:
934:
933:
932:
931:
921:
911:
906:
901:
900:
899:
888:
885:
884:
881:
880:
877:
876:
871:
866:
861:
856:
851:
846:
841:
836:
831:
826:
821:
815:
810:
809:
806:
805:
802:
801:
794:
793:
788:
783:
776:
775:
770:
763:
762:
761:
760:
754:
752:Paul Gallagher
743:
742:
741:
739:Lateran Treaty
731:
726:
721:
715:
710:
709:
706:
705:
702:
701:
696:
695:
694:
684:
683:
682:
680:
679:
674:
669:
660:
655:
654:
653:
643:Papal conclave
640:
635:
634:
633:
628:
618:
617:
616:
606:
605:
604:
593:
588:
587:
584:
583:
580:
579:
578:
577:
574:
567:
566:
565:
562:
555:
554:
553:
547:
540:
535:
534:
533:
528:
513:
512:
511:
501:
500:
499:
489:
488:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
452:
447:
446:
445:
442:Pietro Parolin
436:
429:
428:
427:
422:
417:
412:
407:
402:
397:
392:
385:
377:
367:
366:
365:
360:
351:
349:
339:
334:
328:
323:
322:
319:
318:
315:
314:
309:
304:
299:
294:
293:
292:
282:
277:
267:
262:
257:
256:
255:
246:
232:
230:Lateran Treaty
227:
222:
217:
212:
204:
199:
198:
195:
194:
191:
190:
185:
180:
175:
170:
165:
160:
155:
154:
153:
148:
133:
130:Lateran Treaty
127:
126:
125:
120:
118:Roman Question
114:" (1870–1929)
108:
102:
101:
100:
95:
90:
79:
73:
66:
61:
60:
57:
56:
51:
48:
47:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4263:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4243:
4241:
4226:
4221:
4216:
4214:
4204:
4203:
4200:
4194:
4191:
4187:
4184:
4182:
4179:
4178:
4177:
4174:
4172:
4171:Peter's Pence
4169:
4167:
4164:
4162:
4159:
4157:
4156:
4152:
4151:
4149:
4145:
4131:
4128:
4126:
4123:
4121:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4109:
4103:
4099:
4098:Vatican Radio
4096:
4094:
4090:
4085:
4083:
4079:
4076:
4073:
4072:
4071:
4068:
4067:
4065:
4059:
4047:
4044:
4043:
4041:
4039:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4028:
4025:
4023:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4006:
4004:
4003:Holy Apostles
4000:
3999:
3997:
3991:
3981:
3978:
3976:
3973:
3971:
3968:
3965:
3961:
3958:
3957:
3956:
3953:
3951:
3948:
3946:
3943:
3941:
3938:
3936:
3933:
3931:
3928:
3926:
3923:
3921:
3918:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3893:
3890:
3885:
3883:
3880:
3878:
3875:
3873:
3870:
3869:
3868:
3865:
3864:
3861:
3851:
3848:
3846:
3843:
3841:
3838:
3836:
3833:
3832:
3830:
3828:
3824:
3814:
3811:
3809:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3788:
3784:
3770:
3767:
3765:
3762:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3750:
3747:
3745:
3742:
3740:
3737:
3735:
3732:
3730:
3729:Anagni-Alatri
3727:
3725:
3722:
3721:
3719:
3717:
3713:
3707:
3704:
3702:
3699:
3698:
3696:
3694:
3690:
3684:
3681:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3669:
3666:
3664:
3661:
3659:
3656:
3654:
3651:
3650:
3648:
3646:
3642:
3639:
3635:
3630:
3626:
3620:
3614:
3608:
3605:
3603:
3600:
3598:
3595:
3594:
3592:
3590:
3586:
3583:
3579:
3578:Papal primacy
3574:
3570:
3564:
3558:
3546:
3543:
3542:
3541:
3538:
3534:
3531:
3530:
3529:
3526:
3522:
3519:
3518:
3517:
3514:
3508:
3505:
3504:
3503:
3500:
3499:
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3486:
3483:
3482:
3481:
3478:
3476:
3473:
3471:
3468:
3467:
3465:
3462:
3457:
3453:
3445:
3442:
3440:
3439:Congregations
3437:
3435:
3432:
3428:
3425:
3424:
3423:
3420:
3418:
3415:
3414:
3413:
3410:
3409:
3407:
3405:
3401:
3393:
3390:
3389:
3388:
3385:
3383:
3380:
3379:
3377:
3375:
3371:
3363:
3360:
3358:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3342:
3340:
3337:
3334:
3333:
3331:
3329:
3325:
3322:
3318:
3313:
3310:international
3304:
3298:
3292:
3289:
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3277:
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3267:
3264:
3260:
3258:
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3250:
3246:
3243:
3242:
3241:
3238:
3236:
3233:
3231:
3228:
3226:
3223:
3221:
3220:Duchy of Rome
3218:
3214:
3211:
3210:
3209:
3206:
3204:
3201:
3199:
3196:
3194:
3191:
3189:
3186:
3184:
3183:Apostolic see
3181:
3180:
3178:
3176:
3172:
3166:
3162:
3159:
3157:
3153:
3150:
3148:
3144:
3140:
3137:
3133:
3132:episcopal see
3130:
3127:
3126:
3123:
3119:
3112:
3107:
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3098:
3093:
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3008:
3005:
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2956:
2954:
2950:
2944:
2941:
2939:
2936:
2934:
2931:
2927:
2924:
2922:
2921:Congregations
2919:
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2914:
2910:
2907:
2906:
2905:
2902:
2900:
2897:
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2798:
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2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2537:
2535:
2534:Infallibility
2532:
2531:
2529:
2527:Proclamations
2525:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2509:
2506:
2504:
2501:
2499:
2496:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2488:Coats of arms
2486:
2485:
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2277:
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2250:
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2245:
2244:
2240:
2236:
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2222:
2217:
2213:
2210:
2208:
2204:
2200:
2196:
2192:
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2169:
2164:
2162:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2141:
2136:
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2109:
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2065:
2062:
2052:
2049:
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2040:
2037:
2034:
2031:
2028:
2025:
2022:
2019:
2016:
2013:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2001:
1999:
1989:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1964:
1962:
1958:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1940:
1937:
1933:
1930:
1928:
1927:Pilgrim Shell
1925:
1923:
1920:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1914:
1912:
1906:
1898:
1892:
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1869:
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1771:
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1734:
1731:
1730:9780521812047
1727:
1724:
1722:
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1709:
1704:
1702:0-670-86745-4
1698:
1694:
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1657:
1652:
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1603:
1598:
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1559:
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1513:
1509:
1505:
1501:
1497:
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1454:
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1418:
1416:
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1403:
1401:
1397:
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1392:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1374:Raphael Rooms
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
1362:
1360:
1357:
1355:
1352:
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1320:
1317:
1315:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1305:
1302:
1300:
1297:
1295:
1292:
1290:
1289:Casina Pio IV
1287:
1285:
1282:
1280:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
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1212:
1210:
1207:
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1200:
1197:
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1190:
1187:
1185:
1182:
1180:
1177:
1175:
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1167:
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1157:
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1142:
1140:
1137:
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1127:
1125:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1115:
1112:
1110:
1107:
1105:
1102:
1100:
1097:
1095:
1092:
1090:
1087:
1085:
1082:
1080:
1077:
1075:
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1060:
1057:
1055:
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1021:
1020:
1016:
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994:
991:
989:
986:
984:
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964:
963:
962:
959:
957:
954:
952:
949:
948:
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940:
939:
930:
927:
926:
925:
922:
919:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
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898:
895:
894:
893:
890:
889:
883:
882:
875:
872:
870:
867:
865:
862:
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857:
855:
852:
850:
847:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
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822:
820:
817:
816:
813:
808:
807:
800:
797:
796:
792:
789:
787:
784:
782:
779:
778:
774:
771:
769:
766:
765:
759:
755:
753:
749:
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744:
740:
737:
736:
735:
732:
730:
727:
725:
722:
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708:
707:
700:
697:
693:
690:
689:
688:
685:
678:
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673:
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662:
661:
659:
658:
656:
652:
651:
647:
646:
644:
641:
639:
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632:
629:
627:
624:
623:
622:
619:
615:
612:
611:
610:
607:
603:
600:
599:
598:
595:
594:
591:
586:
585:
573:
572:
571:
568:
561:
560:
559:
556:
551:
546:
545:
544:
541:
539:
538:Vical General
536:
532:
529:
527:
525:(Chamberlain)
523:
519:
518:
517:
514:
510:
507:
506:
505:
502:
498:
495:
494:
493:
490:
486:
483:
481:
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
457:
456:
453:
451:
448:
443:
439:
435:
434:
433:
430:
426:
423:
421:
420:Vatican Radio
418:
416:
413:
411:
408:
406:
403:
401:
398:
396:
393:
391:
390:
386:
383:
382:
378:
376:
373:
372:
371:
368:
364:
361:
358:
354:
350:
348:
345:
344:
343:
340:
338:
335:
333:
330:
329:
326:
321:
320:
313:
310:
308:
305:
303:
300:
298:
295:
290:
289:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
272:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
253:
252:
247:
244:
243:
238:
237:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
218:
216:
213:
211:
210:
206:
205:
202:
197:
196:
189:
186:
184:
181:
179:
176:
174:
171:
169:
166:
164:
161:
159:
156:
152:
149:
147:
144:
143:
137:
134:
131:
128:
124:
121:
119:
116:
115:
113:
109:
106:
103:
99:
96:
94:
91:
89:
86:
85:
83:
80:
77:
74:
71:
70:Duchy of Rome
68:
67:
64:
59:
58:
54:
49:
45:
41:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
4153:
3975:Beda College
3877:Scala Sancta
3701:Montecassino
3634:Vatican City
3317:Legal status
3286:World War II
3274:Vatican City
3269:Savoyard era
3240:Papal States
3156:Vatican City
2835:
2787:Shepherd One
2647:Inauguration
2612:Urbi et Orbi
2610:
2425:His Holiness
2334:Vatican City
2327:Headquarters
2267:Vatican City
2229:
2207:Jurisdiction
2058: 1980s
1993:distinctions
1811:
1800:
1791:
1785:
1776:
1770:
1761:
1751:
1742:
1736:
1720:
1686:
1678:
1628:
1623:
1618:
1607:
1591:Pope Paul VI
1588:
1578:
1557:
1556:
1504:Vatican City
1487:
1483:
1481:
1399:
1199:Vatican Hill
1139:Leonine City
1017:
869:Vatican lira
648:
614:Latin Church
521:
387:
379:
288:Pastor Bonus
287:
249:
240:
207:
173:Savoyard Era
136:Vatican City
82:Papal States
53:Vatican City
4193:Swiss Guard
3940:Palazzo Pio
3444:Dicasteries
3422:Commissions
3412:Roman Curia
3291:Warsaw Pact
3007:Swiss Guard
2926:Dicasteries
2904:Commissions
2894:Roman Curia
2814:Swiss Guard
2587:Arbitration
2416:Papal names
2305:along with
2103:Swiss Guard
1996:(selection)
1967:Golden Rose
1614:credentials
1585:Present day
1574:Papal Court
1179:Scala Regia
1154:Papal tombs
924:Papal tiara
791:Visa policy
631:Roman Curia
548:President:
509:Noble Guard
84:(754–1870)
4240:Categories
4176:Roman Rota
4074:Papal farm
4007:Palace of
3899:Hill area
3787:Properties
3673:Palestrina
3545:Concordats
3404:Government
3374:Governance
2861:Theologian
2805:Camerlengo
2777:Popemobile
2637:Consistory
2632:Coronation
2605:Pontifical
2592:Deposition
2580:Activities
2556:Encyclical
2518:Umbraculum
2191:Episcopate
1670:References
1234:Sala Regia
724:Concordats
602:Popemobile
522:Camerlengo
4082:Barberini
3897:Gianicolo
3791:including
3625:Vicariate
3569:universal
3507:in Geneva
3352:Cardinals
3328:Officials
3301:Sovereign
3129:Apostolic
2882:cardinals
2836:Gentlemen
2824:Palatinus
2810:Commander
2797:Household
2761:Zucchetto
2702:Flabellum
2674:Vestments
2657:High Mass
2642:Diplomacy
2571:Interdict
1792:La Stampa
1743:The World
1647:Roscommon
916:(Vatican
570:Tribunale
438:Secretary
353:President
347:President
270:Canon law
72:(554–751)
4147:See also
3668:Frascati
3540:Treaties
3434:Councils
3362:Advisers
3118:Holy See
3037:Antipope
3012:Papabile
2916:Councils
2841:Preacher
2819:Chaplain
2737:Slippers
2717:Mozzetta
2620:Conclave
2599:Blessing
2367:cathedra
2285:Enclaved
2216:Holy See
2074:See also
1762:LaStampa
1658:See also
1498:and his
918:postcode
621:Holy See
332:Archives
44:a series
4061:Outside
3769:Viterbo
3706:Subiaco
3563:of Rome
3561:Diocese
3339:Francis
3175:History
3145:of the
3139:Francis
3022:Legends
2988:in Rome
2952:Related
2846:Prefect
2812:of the
2722:Pallium
2682:Camauro
2480:Symbols
2276:outline
2253:History
2248:Primacy
2241:of the
2234:Francis
2193:of the
1651:Ireland
1522:History
1490:, is a
1415:Outline
944:Culture
886:Symbols
812:Economy
773:Nuncios
140:present
88:Annates
63:History
4161:Awards
4080:Villa
3805:Inside
3794:extra-
3764:Tivoli
3678:Albano
3589:Synods
3567:with
3533:Nuncio
3213:Museum
3163:under
3143:bishop
2933:Synods
2707:Mantle
2697:Ferula
2664:Travel
2411:Titles
2300:, 1929
2239:bishop
2195:bishop
2182:Papacy
2066:(1977)
2047:(1867)
2041:(1860)
2035:(1823)
2029:(1909)
2023:(1905)
2017:(1870)
2011:(1870)
1901:Orders
1861:Orders
1728:
1699:
1625:ease."
1600:Baron
1566:clergy
1530:Count
904:Anthem
590:Papacy
138:(1929–
132:(1929)
107:(1870)
78:(750s)
3754:Rieti
3724:Gaeta
3653:Ostia
3492:Italy
3485:Heads
3307:under
2965:Black
2870:Staff
2749:Tiara
2732:Shoes
2712:Mitre
2692:Fanon
2687:Falda
2498:Cross
2357:Italy
2293:Italy
2272:index
1653:1860.
1570:noble
1510:near
1420:Index
914:00120
666:(Oct)
664:1978
4111:Non-
4063:Rome
3993:Non-
3808:Rome
3629:Rome
3357:List
3336:Pope
3136:Pope
2887:list
2754:List
2652:Mass
2625:List
2549:List
2544:Bull
2513:Rota
2289:Rome
2231:Pope
2199:Rome
1726:ISBN
1697:ISBN
1562:pope
1496:pope
892:Flag
677:2013
672:2005
597:Pope
531:Dean
3312:law
3154:of
3141:as
3134:of
2287:in
2237:as
2197:of
1693:196
1550:or
1502:in
1492:lay
201:Law
4242::
3627::
2291:,
2274:,
2055:c.
1760:.
1711:^
1695:.
1649:,
1645:,
1482:A
440::
355::
142:)
46:on
3636:)
3631:,
3623:(
3580:)
3576:(
3463:)
3459:(
3319:)
3315:(
3265:"
3261:"
3110:e
3103:t
3096:v
2967:"
2963:"
2607:"
2603:"
2369:)
2365:(
2359::
2336::
2278:)
2270:(
2223:)
2219:(
2174:e
2167:t
2160:v
2060:)
2053:(
1845:e
1838:t
1831:v
1764:.
1705:.
1554:.
1542:.
1471:e
1464:t
1457:v
920:)
254:)
248:(
245:)
239:(
110:"
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
