20:
425:", meaning "The door of Satan, the door of Satan, proceed downward!". According to some scholars, although Dante did not speak Arabic, he could have drawn some inspiration from Islamic sources. Doubts arise, however, because the meaning of this interpretation does not really match the reaction of Dante and Virgil (anger and fear), nor Virgil's answer, and Dante directly indicts Muhammad (or Mahomet) as a spreader of religious schism.
2353:
976:
605:, also in modern Italian usage, and in "amecche" from Hebrew "amech" or "amcha" in Inf., XXXI, 67), Dante arrives at the transcription found in the poem. Dante might have used specifically the Flemish dialect of Bruges because of the intense commercial relationships that existed between Florence and Bruges since the 13th century (
487:
behind Plutus, god of greed, and that was the reason why Plutus was made to speak French instead of Greek. Dante considered Philip the
Handsome as the enemy of Christianity, and of Papacy, due to his rapacity. The words of Plutus are also a blaspheme quotation of Jesus' words in the Gospel Matthew
609:
being the god of wealth). The poem includes two references to Bruges and further references to the Tuscan families involved in business there. The meaning in
Flemish would be "Father Satan, father Satan, help!", where "Pape" refers to the priest at the head of a parish. (The
359:
also means "number one" or "the origin that contains everything". It may also be interpreted as a metaphor for the "head", "the first and foremost". This was an attribute for God in late medieval expressions, meaning "the majesty" (of God). "Alef" was also a medieval
488:
10:34 ("Think not that I am come to send peace on earth: I came not to send peace, but a sword."). This interpretation implies a transposition of the tonic accent, for metrical purposes, from the 11th to the 10th syllable, from "
2178:
2170:
226:
to Dante ("And that benignant Sage, who all things knew, / Said, to encourage me: "Let not thy fear / Harm thee; for any power that he may have / Shall not prevent thy going down this crag.").
569:, is attested since 1150–1200 until the present day.) Dante would clearly indicate that he heard these words "with clucking voice" because of the guttural pronunciation of "
92:, Dante has made Plutus into a repulsive demon who guards the fourth circle, where souls who have abused their wealth through greed or improvidence are punished. The full
2333:
2328:
914:"Pape Satan: il messaggio pasquale a lungo nascosto alla base della Divina Commedia (Pape Satan: the long hidden Easter message at the basis of the Divina Commedia)"
64:. The line, consisting of three words, is famous for the uncertainty of its meaning, and there have been many attempts to interpret it. Modern commentators on the
1017:
401:
researched medieval glossaries thoroughly in 1908, and interpreted it as "Oh Satan, oh Satan, God", which he wrote was meant as an invocation against travellers.
390:, gives it a tone of a prayer or an invocation to Satan, although there is no apparent verb. It might be also an invocation of the evil within the intruders.
913:
1910:
2202:
828:
713:
1761:
1971:
1867:
447:
16:18, "...and the gates of Hell shall not prevail against it". The meaning of this utterance would be that Hell (Satan) has conquered.
382:, an old Roman term for "emperor", or "father". The double mention of "pape" together with "Satan" (here interpreted as the fallen angel
1995:
1417:
2070:
1010:
299:). Both words are interjections of anger or surprise, attested in ancient authors (comparable to the English "damn!", or just "oh!").
2062:
955:
866:
687:
666:
1149:
2384:
2338:
2298:
2143:
464:" ("Peace, peace, Satan, peace, peace, Satan, come on, peace!"). The latter phrase can be interpreted as "Satan, make peace!".
2078:
986:
1858:
1826:
1818:
2210:
1979:
1003:
1851:
1084:
2389:
2194:
2121:
1325:
729:
483:" ("No peace, Satan! No peace, Satan! To the sword!"). According to Giovanni Ventura, Dante's intention was to hide
2253:
1607:
1447:
899:
189:
2128:
2094:
1432:
1244:
2379:
1883:
1875:
1602:
1507:
1477:
1437:
1229:
638:–23), and its intended meaning would be to condemn the exercising of temporal power by the Western Church.
2356:
1537:
1472:
1305:
1169:
1144:
524:
2306:
2218:
2019:
1667:
1427:
1290:
1280:
1129:
1947:
1587:
1315:
1300:
1295:
1285:
1275:
798:
2162:
1939:
1642:
1627:
1139:
1124:
852:
825:
626:, but it is very unlikely that Dante would have known Flemish.) The verse would then allude to the
484:
329:
1891:
1492:
1412:
1219:
1209:
1189:
2011:
1542:
2245:
2226:
2027:
1835:
1612:
1532:
1497:
1224:
1174:
951:
862:
857:
848:
709:
705:
683:
662:
654:
627:
601:
523:
Another solution published by
Giancarlo Lombardi in April 2021 asserts that the words are the
465:
1987:
1657:
1572:
1482:
1442:
1333:
1234:
980:
576:
528:
219:("And said: "Be silent, thou accursed wolf / Consume within thyself with thine own rage.").
19:
2102:
2086:
1682:
1652:
1194:
1159:
1134:
1074:
1064:
1050:
1026:
832:
416:
387:
59:
53:
599:
and perhaps paragogy, typical of the Tuscan dialect of his day (as in "salamelecco" from
33:
887:
2054:
2003:
1785:
1702:
1647:
1512:
1467:
1462:
1402:
580:
398:
285:
276:
2373:
2290:
2186:
1955:
1737:
1677:
1552:
1547:
1527:
1457:
1407:
1154:
1031:
566:
419:(1930–1933), interpreted this verse as a phonetic translation of the spoken Arabic, "
411:
267:
468:, in his autobiography, reports hearing the phrase in Paris, transliterating it as "
2045:
1672:
1522:
1378:
1358:
1164:
1069:
811:
Philip K. Hitti, "Recent
Publications in Arabic or Dealing with the Arabic World,"
474:" and interpreting it as "Be quiet! Be quiet Satan, get out of here and be quiet."
368:
With these interpretations, the verse would mean "Oh, Satan, o Satan, god, king!".
361:
2282:
1811:
507:", similarly to what happens at line 28, where the tonic accent shifts from "pur l
995:
205:
the meaning ("And that benignant Sage, who all things knew..."), and is replying.
2261:
1917:
1727:
1697:
1662:
1597:
1592:
1338:
1254:
455:
Two suggestions have been proposed interpreting the words of Plutus as French.
1963:
1843:
1732:
1487:
1393:
1363:
1348:
1199:
975:
635:
631:
596:
444:
2135:
1373:
1310:
1179:
931:
Ladolfi, Giuliano (29 August 2021). "Pape Satàn... E se fosse fiammingo?".
1622:
1557:
1422:
1368:
1353:
1343:
1249:
1204:
1114:
1094:
1089:
1079:
733:
1792:
1692:
1687:
1632:
1562:
1517:
1119:
1059:
93:
2179:
Francesca da Rimini and Paolo
Malatesta Appraised by Dante and Virgil
1707:
1259:
1214:
1109:
1104:
1099:
606:
532:
338:
294:
97:
83:
23:
950:. Borgomanero: Giuliano Ladolfi Editore (published September 2022).
778:
702:
Den gudomliga komedin (Divine Comedy), comments by Ingvar Björkesson
810:
469:
212:
of something else ("Thus Plutus with his clucking voice began...").
1617:
1502:
1452:
1184:
621:
570:
565:" (This pronunciation, characteristic of Bruges and its region of
560:
554:
548:
542:
440:
383:
242:
71:
49:
197:
The scant information that can be gleaned from the text is this:
1582:
1239:
617:
317:
999:
478:
459:
433:
Some commentators claim that the sentence is phonetic Hebrew, "
1637:
102:
434:
354:
323:
309:
288:
252:
2171:
The Wood of the Self-Murderers: The
Harpies and the Suicides
86:. Plutus was originally the Roman god of wealth, but in the
265:
Some interpretations from the earliest commentators on the
477:
The second interpretation, elaborating on the first, is: "
332:
595:"), typical of that dialect. By the phenomena known as
96:, plus the following four, which describes Dante's and
343:). The consonant shift here is comparable to that in
315:
257:), which translated literally means "the adversary".
246:
420:
100:
entire meeting and confrontation with Plutus reads:
2321:
2274:
2237:
2154:
2113:
2038:
1931:
1902:
1803:
1778:
1771:
1746:
1720:
1571:
1391:
1324:
1268:
1048:
1039:
439:". This would be the opposite of the sentence that
498:
489:
461:Paix, paix, Satan, paix, paix, Satan, allez, paix!
236:
42:
2047:Après une Lecture de Dante: Fantasia quasi Sonata
170:Thus is it willed on high, where Michael wrought
409:Abboud Abu Rashid, the first translator of the
308:" could be an Italian version of the word for "
779:Berthe M. Marti, "A Crux in Dante's Inferno,"
235:The only word with fairly obvious meaning is "
70:view it as some kind of demonic invocation to
1011:
795:Di alcuni versi dotti nella "Divina Commedia"
611:
590:
536:
344:
303:
151:And that benignant Sage, who all things knew,
87:
65:
57:
27:
8:
158:Shall not prevent thy going down this crag."
730:"Italian text from Princeton Dante Project"
584:
377:
279:
177:Involved together fall when snaps the mast,
168:Not causeless is this journey to the abyss;
165:Consume within thyself with thine own rage.
161:Then he turned round unto that bloated lip,
1775:
1265:
1045:
1018:
1004:
996:
883:
881:
879:
877:
875:
774:
772:
770:
768:
766:
752:
750:
149:Thus Plutus with his clucking voice began;
815:, Vol. 54, No. 4 (Dec 1934), pp. 435–438.
163:And said: "Be silent, thou accursed wolf;
156:Harm thee; for any power that he may have
138:caggiono avvolte, poi che l'alber fiacca,
813:Journal of the American Oriental Society
480:Pas paix Satan, pas paix Satan, à l'épée
471:Phe phe, Satan, phe phe, Satan, alè, phe
275:The word "pape" might be a rendering of
179:So fell the cruel monster to the earth.
154:Said, to encourage me: "Let not thy fear
18:
1911:Divine Comedy Illustrated by Botticelli
783:, Vol. 27, No. 1 (Jan 1952), pp. 67–70.
647:
422:Bab Al-Shaytan, Bab Al-Shaytan, Ahlibu!
122:Poi si rivolse a quella 'nfiata labbia,
119:non ci torrà lo scender questa roccia."
117:la tua paura; ché, poder ch'elli abbia,
376:The word "pape" might come from Latin
175:Even as the sails inflated by the wind
682:: notes on Canto VII, Penguin, 2002,
661:: notes on Canto VII, Penguin, 1949,
115:disse per confortarmi: "Non ti noccia
112:e quel savio gentil, che tutto seppe,
7:
1972:As I Was Going Down Sackville Street
316:
247:
140:tal cadde a terra la fiera crudele.
129:Non è sanza cagion l'andare al cupo:
126:consuma dentro te con la tua rabbia.
110:cominciò Pluto con la voce chioccia;
704:. Levande Litteratur (in Swedish).
436:Bab-e-sciatan, bab-e-sciatan, alep!
386:) and the break (the comma) in the
245:; which comes from the Hebrew word
172:Vengeance upon the proud adultery."
133:fé la vendetta del superbo strupo."
851:(tr. Julia Conaway Bondanella and
349:, the Italian version of the name
14:
1868:Dante's Inferno: An Animated Epic
861:, Oxford University Press, 2002,
443:spoke in the Gospel according to
147:"Pape Satan, Pape Satan, Aleppe!"
131:vuolsi ne l'alto, là dove Michele
108:"Pape Satàn, pape Satàn aleppe!",
2352:
2351:
974:
948:L'Estetica Dantesca del Dualismo
136:Quali dal vento le gonfiate vele
2144:A Place Where the Sun Is Silent
435:
124:e disse: "Taci, maladetto lupo!
1150:Gianni Schicchi de' Cavalcanti
527:of a sentence in the medieval
421:
1:
2211:Paolo and Francesca da Rimini
1755:Pape Satàn, pape Satàn aleppe
549:
544:Pape Satan, pape Satan, help!
543:
44:Pape Satàn, pape Satàn aleppe
1852:The Deep and Dreamless Sleep
1762:Raphèl mai amècche zabì almi
946:Lombardi, Giancarlo (2022).
912:Lombardi, Giancarlo (2021).
890:, by Giovanni Ventura, 1868.
869:, p. 262 and note on p. 438.
556:Pape Satan, pape Satan, alp!
355:
339:
333:
324:
310:
295:
261:The earliest interpretations
253:
888:L'incompreso verso di Dante
700:Björkesson, Ingvar (2006).
575:" (especially the "L" — in
2406:
1980:The System of Dante's Hell
1608:Constance, Queen of Sicily
622:
571:
561:
555:
499:
490:
479:
470:
460:
289:
237:
190:Henry Wadsworth Longfellow
43:
2347:
1433:Bonconte I da Montefeltro
1245:Ugolino della Gherardesca
1085:Cavalcante de' Cavalcanti
612:
537:
48:" is the opening line of
394:Domenico Guerri's theory
106:
2385:Fiction about the Devil
1876:La commedia di Amos Poe
1603:Charles Martel of Anjou
1478:Giovanna da Montefeltro
1230:Ruggieri degli Ubaldini
760:, Rizzoli 2001, p. 134.
82:The line is a shout by
16:Line in Dante's Inferno
1538:Omberto Aldobrandeschi
1473:Gherardo III da Camino
1170:Guido I da Montefeltro
591:
585:
525:phonetic transcription
405:Abboud Rashid's theory
404:
393:
378:
345:
304:
280:
224:the effect of a threat
217:an expression of anger
145:
88:
66:
58:
37:
28:
2219:La barca de Aqueronte
1884:Dante's Hell Animated
1668:Mary, mother of Jesus
1428:Bonagiunta Orbicciani
1130:Farinata degli Uberti
920:. XLIII, n. 1: 25–54.
553:" and pronounced as "
314:", the Hebrew letter
231:Possible explanations
32:, in an engraving by
22:
2334:English translations
2291:Devil May Cry series
2074:(Rachmaninoff, 1904)
1588:Bernard of Clairvaux
2329:Cultural references
2195:The Barque of Dante
2163:The Barque of Dante
2079:Francesca da Rimini
2071:Francesca da Rimini
2066:(Tchaikovsky, 1876)
2063:Francesca da Rimini
1940:The Story of Rimini
1643:Hierarchy of angels
1628:Folquet de Marselha
1140:Francesca da Rimini
853:Peter E. Bondanella
756:Vittorio Sermonti,
485:Philip IV of France
451:The French theories
2390:Gibberish language
2339:In popular culture
1948:La Comédie humaine
1895:(2016 documentary)
1892:Botticelli Inferno
1493:Jacopo del Cassero
1413:Beatrice Portinari
1220:Pope Boniface VIII
1210:Pietro della Vigna
831:2013-01-21 at the
706:Natur & Kultur
613:Middelwestvlaamsch
538:Middelwestvlaamsch
519:The Flemish theory
458:The first reads: "
210:just the beginning
38:
2367:
2366:
2317:
2316:
2246:The Gates of Hell
2227:La Laguna Estigia
2166:(Delacroix, 1822)
2129:"Dante's Inferno"
2106:(Ronchetti, 2020)
2095:The Divine Comedy
2039:Music (classical)
1836:The Dante Quartet
1716:
1715:
1613:Cunizza da Romano
1533:Oderisi da Gubbio
1498:Giovanna Visconti
1387:
1386:
1225:Pope Nicholas III
1175:Iacopo Rusticucci
979:Works related to
849:Benvenuto Cellini
799:Città di Castello
793:Domenico Guerri,
715:978-91-27-11468-5
655:Dorothy L. Sayers
628:Gospel of Matthew
602:As-salamu alaykum
589:" is indeed the "
466:Benvenuto Cellini
429:The Hebrew theory
372:The prayer theory
364:(like "Oh God!").
208:That the line is
195:
194:
2397:
2355:
2354:
2214:(Rossetti, 1885)
2206:(Rossetti, 1868)
2190:(Flandrin, 1835)
2182:(Scheffer, 1835)
2082:(Zandonai, 1914)
1988:Demon Lord Dante
1796:(Terragni, 1938)
1776:
1658:John the Apostle
1483:Guido Guinizelli
1448:Conrad Malaspina
1443:Cato the Younger
1266:
1046:
1020:
1013:
1006:
997:
978:
962:
961:
943:
937:
936:
928:
922:
921:
909:
903:
897:
891:
885:
870:
846:
840:
823:
817:
808:
802:
791:
785:
776:
761:
754:
745:
744:
742:
741:
732:. Archived from
726:
720:
719:
697:
691:
676:
670:
652:
625:
615:
594:
588:
583:as in English, "
574:
564:
558:
552:
551:
546:
545:
540:
506:
505:
496:
495:
482:
481:
473:
472:
463:
462:
438:
437:
424:
423:
381:
358:
348:
342:
336:
327:
321:
320:
313:
307:
298:
292:
291:
283:
256:
250:
249:
240:
239:
103:
91:
69:
63:
46:
45:
31:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2399:
2398:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2380:Inferno (Dante)
2370:
2369:
2368:
2363:
2343:
2313:
2299:Dante's Inferno
2270:
2233:
2230:(Hidalgo, 1887)
2222:(Hidalgo, 1887)
2203:Pia de' Tolomei
2150:
2109:
2090:(Puccini, 1918)
2087:Gianni Schicchi
2034:
2012:Jimbo's Inferno
1927:
1898:
1860:Dante's Inferno
1828:Dante's Inferno
1820:Dante's Inferno
1799:
1788:(Palanti, 1923)
1767:
1742:
1712:
1653:James the Great
1567:
1543:Pia de' Tolomei
1418:Beatrice d'Este
1383:
1320:
1269:Circles of Hell
1264:
1195:Paolo Malatesta
1160:Gualdrada Berti
1135:Filippo Argenti
1075:Brunetto Latini
1065:Bertran de Born
1041:
1035:
1024:
991:by Gustave Doré
971:
966:
965:
958:
945:
944:
940:
930:
929:
925:
911:
910:
906:
898:
894:
886:
873:
847:
843:
837:Il Propugnatore
833:Wayback Machine
824:
820:
809:
805:
792:
788:
777:
764:
755:
748:
739:
737:
728:
727:
723:
716:
708:. p. 425.
699:
698:
694:
677:
673:
653:
649:
644:
541:), written as "
529:Flemish dialect
521:
453:
431:
407:
399:Domenico Guerri
396:
388:hendecasyllable
374:
263:
233:
188:—Translated by
181:
178:
176:
174:
173:
171:
169:
167:
166:
164:
162:
160:
159:
157:
155:
153:
152:
150:
148:
142:
139:
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135:
134:
132:
130:
128:
127:
125:
123:
121:
120:
118:
116:
114:
113:
111:
109:
80:
54:Dante Alighieri
29:Divina Commedia
17:
12:
11:
5:
2403:
2401:
2393:
2392:
2387:
2382:
2372:
2371:
2365:
2364:
2362:
2361:
2348:
2345:
2344:
2342:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2325:
2323:
2319:
2318:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2303:
2295:
2287:
2283:King of Demons
2278:
2276:
2272:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2267:
2266:
2258:
2249:(Rodin, 1917)
2241:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2231:
2223:
2215:
2207:
2199:
2198:(Manet, 1850s)
2191:
2183:
2175:
2167:
2158:
2156:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2148:
2140:
2132:
2126:
2117:
2115:
2114:Music (modern)
2111:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2099:
2091:
2083:
2075:
2067:
2059:
2055:Dante Symphony
2051:
2042:
2040:
2036:
2035:
2033:
2032:
2028:Gert's Inferno
2024:
2016:
2008:
2004:The Dante Club
2000:
1992:
1984:
1976:
1968:
1960:
1952:
1944:
1935:
1933:
1929:
1928:
1926:
1925:
1915:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1899:
1897:
1896:
1888:
1880:
1872:
1864:
1856:
1848:
1840:
1832:
1824:
1816:
1807:
1805:
1801:
1800:
1798:
1797:
1789:
1786:Palacio Barolo
1782:
1780:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1765:
1758:
1750:
1748:
1744:
1743:
1741:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1724:
1722:
1718:
1717:
1714:
1713:
1711:
1710:
1705:
1703:Thomas Aquinas
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1650:
1648:Imperial Eagle
1645:
1640:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1620:
1615:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1569:
1568:
1566:
1565:
1560:
1555:
1550:
1545:
1540:
1535:
1530:
1525:
1520:
1515:
1513:Marco Lombardo
1510:
1505:
1500:
1495:
1490:
1485:
1480:
1475:
1470:
1468:Garden of Eden
1465:
1463:Gaia da Camino
1460:
1455:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1430:
1425:
1420:
1415:
1410:
1405:
1403:Alagia Fieschi
1399:
1397:
1389:
1388:
1385:
1384:
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1376:
1371:
1366:
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1356:
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1313:
1308:
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1207:
1202:
1197:
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1187:
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1177:
1172:
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1162:
1157:
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1127:
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1077:
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1067:
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1056:
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1037:
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1025:
1023:
1022:
1015:
1008:
1000:
994:
993:
987:Pictures from
984:
970:
969:External links
967:
964:
963:
956:
938:
923:
904:
892:
871:
841:
826:Ernesto Manara
818:
803:
786:
762:
746:
721:
714:
692:
671:
646:
645:
643:
640:
520:
517:
452:
449:
430:
427:
406:
403:
395:
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373:
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300:
262:
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232:
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143:
79:
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15:
13:
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6:
4:
3:
2:
2402:
2391:
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2259:
2256:
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2250:
2248:
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2243:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2229:
2228:
2224:
2221:
2220:
2216:
2213:
2212:
2208:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2189:
2188:
2187:Dante in Hell
2184:
2181:
2180:
2176:
2174:(Blake, 1827)
2173:
2172:
2168:
2165:
2164:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2153:
2146:
2145:
2141:
2138:
2137:
2133:
2130:
2127:
2124:
2123:
2119:
2118:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2104:
2100:
2098:(Smith, 1996)
2097:
2096:
2092:
2089:
2088:
2084:
2081:
2080:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2068:
2065:
2064:
2060:
2058:(Liszt, 1857)
2057:
2056:
2052:
2050:(Liszt, 1849)
2049:
2048:
2044:
2043:
2041:
2037:
2030:
2029:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2017:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2001:
1998:
1997:
1993:
1990:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1969:
1966:
1965:
1961:
1958:
1957:
1956:Earth Inferno
1953:
1950:
1949:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1937:
1936:
1934:
1930:
1923:
1919:
1916:
1913:
1912:
1908:
1907:
1905:
1903:Illustrations
1901:
1894:
1893:
1889:
1886:
1885:
1881:
1878:
1877:
1873:
1870:
1869:
1865:
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1817:
1814:
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1806:
1802:
1795:
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1781:
1777:
1774:
1770:
1763:
1759:
1756:
1752:
1751:
1749:
1745:
1739:
1738:Great refusal
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1725:
1723:
1719:
1709:
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1678:Peter Lombard
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
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1570:
1564:
1561:
1559:
1556:
1554:
1553:Sapia Salvani
1551:
1549:
1548:Pope Adrian V
1546:
1544:
1541:
1539:
1536:
1534:
1531:
1529:
1528:Nino Visconti
1526:
1524:
1521:
1519:
1516:
1514:
1511:
1509:
1506:
1504:
1501:
1499:
1496:
1494:
1491:
1489:
1486:
1484:
1481:
1479:
1476:
1474:
1471:
1469:
1466:
1464:
1461:
1459:
1458:Forese Donati
1456:
1454:
1451:
1449:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1424:
1421:
1419:
1416:
1414:
1411:
1409:
1408:Arnaut Daniel
1406:
1404:
1401:
1400:
1398:
1396:
1395:
1390:
1380:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1370:
1367:
1365:
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1327:
1323:
1317:
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1304:
1302:
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1279:
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1218:
1216:
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1206:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1188:
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1183:
1181:
1178:
1176:
1173:
1171:
1168:
1166:
1163:
1161:
1158:
1156:
1155:Great refusal
1153:
1151:
1148:
1146:
1143:
1141:
1138:
1136:
1133:
1131:
1128:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1118:
1116:
1113:
1111:
1108:
1106:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1096:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1057:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1044:
1042:and locations
1038:
1034:
1033:
1032:Divine Comedy
1028:
1021:
1016:
1014:
1009:
1007:
1002:
1001:
998:
992:
990:
989:Divine Comedy
985:
983:at Wikisource
982:
981:Divine Comedy
977:
973:
972:
968:
959:
957:9788866446620
953:
949:
942:
939:
935:. p. 19.
934:
927:
924:
919:
915:
908:
905:
901:
900:Matthew 10:34
896:
893:
889:
884:
882:
880:
878:
876:
872:
868:
867:0-19-282849-5
864:
860:
859:
854:
850:
845:
842:
838:
834:
830:
827:
822:
819:
816:
814:
807:
804:
800:
796:
790:
787:
784:
782:
775:
773:
771:
769:
767:
763:
759:
753:
751:
747:
736:on 2019-04-29
735:
731:
725:
722:
717:
711:
707:
703:
696:
693:
689:
688:0-14-243722-0
685:
681:
675:
672:
668:
667:0-14-044006-2
664:
660:
656:
651:
648:
641:
639:
637:
633:
629:
624:
619:
614:
608:
604:
603:
598:
593:
587:
582:
578:
573:
568:
567:West Flanders
563:
557:
539:
534:
530:
526:
518:
516:
514:
510:
503:
494:
486:
475:
467:
456:
450:
448:
446:
442:
428:
426:
418:
414:
413:
412:Divine Comedy
402:
400:
391:
389:
385:
380:
371:
369:
363:
357:
353:. In Hebrew,
352:
347:
341:
335:
331:
326:
319:
312:
306:
301:
297:
287:
282:
278:
274:
273:
272:
270:
269:
268:Divine Comedy
260:
258:
255:
244:
230:
225:
221:
218:
214:
211:
207:
204:
200:
199:
198:
191:
187:
185:
184:
180:
144:
141:
105:
104:
101:
99:
95:
90:
85:
77:
75:
73:
68:
62:
61:
55:
51:
47:
35:
30:
25:
21:
2357:
2305:
2297:
2289:
2281:
2260:
2252:
2244:
2225:
2217:
2209:
2201:
2193:
2185:
2177:
2169:
2161:
2147:(2011 album)
2142:
2139:(2006 album)
2134:
2125:(1973 album)
2120:
2101:
2093:
2085:
2077:
2069:
2061:
2053:
2046:
2026:
2018:
2010:
2002:
1994:
1986:
1978:
1970:
1962:
1954:
1946:
1938:
1921:
1909:
1890:
1882:
1874:
1866:
1859:
1850:
1842:
1834:
1827:
1819:
1810:
1791:
1779:Architecture
1754:
1673:Peter Damian
1573:
1523:Nella Donati
1392:
1379:Scarmiglione
1359:Draghignazzo
1165:Guido Guerra
1070:Bonturo Dati
1049:
1030:
988:
947:
941:
932:
926:
917:
907:
895:
856:
844:
836:
821:
812:
806:
794:
789:
780:
757:
738:. Retrieved
734:the original
724:
701:
695:
679:
674:
658:
650:
600:
522:
512:
508:
501:
492:
476:
457:
454:
432:
410:
408:
397:
375:
367:
362:interjection
350:
266:
264:
234:
223:
222:That it has
216:
209:
202:
196:
146:
107:
81:
41:
39:
34:Gustave Doré
2310:(cancelled)
2275:Video games
2262:The Thinker
2131:(1995 song)
1967:(1917–1962)
1951:(1830–1850)
1918:Jean Giraud
1772:Adaptations
1728:Contrapasso
1698:Saint Peter
1663:Justinian I
1598:Cacciaguida
1593:Bonaventure
1339:Barbariccia
1326:Malebranche
1255:Vanni Fucci
678:Mark Musa,
620:" would be
328:) (compare
203:understands
2374:Categories
2238:Sculptures
1964:The Cantos
1932:Literature
1844:A TV Dante
1733:Terza rima
1488:Hugh Capet
1394:Purgatorio
1364:Farfarello
1349:Calcabrina
1200:Phlegethon
1040:Characters
740:2010-02-12
636:Matthew 21
632:Matthew 16
616:word for "
445:St Matthew
337:and Greek
330:Phoenician
302:The word "
284:, or from
241:", namely
2155:Paintings
2136:Dante XXI
1812:L'Inferno
1374:Rubicante
1180:Malebolge
918:Riscontri
597:anaptyxis
271:include:
2358:Category
2307:The Lost
2254:The Kiss
1922:Paradiso
1721:Concepts
1683:Piccarda
1623:Empyrean
1574:Paradiso
1558:Sordello
1423:Belacqua
1369:Malacoda
1354:Ciriatto
1344:Cagnazzo
1334:Alichino
1205:Phlegyas
1115:Ciampolo
1095:Cerberus
1090:Capaneus
1080:Caiaphas
933:Avvenire
829:Archived
781:Speculum
592:chioccia
346:Giuseppe
254:ha-Satan
248:הַשָׂטָן
98:Virgil's
2322:Related
2122:Inferno
2103:Inferno
2020:Inferno
1996:Inferno
1924:, 1999)
1793:Danteum
1693:Solomon
1688:Ripheus
1633:Gabriel
1563:Statius
1518:Matelda
1508:Manfred
1438:Casella
1306:Seventh
1250:Ulysses
1120:Cocytus
1060:Acheron
1051:Inferno
858:My Life
839:, 1888.
758:Inferno
680:Inferno
642:Sources
577:Flemish
515:r li".
511:" to "p
201:Virgil
94:strophe
89:Inferno
67:Inferno
60:Inferno
52:VII of
2302:(2010)
2294:(2001)
2286:(1996)
2265:(1904)
2257:(1882)
2031:(2023)
2023:(2013)
2015:(2006)
2007:(2003)
1999:(1976)
1991:(1971)
1983:(1965)
1975:(1937)
1959:(1905)
1943:(1816)
1914:(1485)
1887:(2013)
1879:(2010)
1871:(2010)
1863:(2007)
1855:(2006)
1847:(1989)
1839:(1987)
1831:(1935)
1823:(1924)
1815:(1911)
1804:Cinema
1747:Verses
1708:Trajan
1311:Eighth
1291:Fourth
1281:Second
1260:Virgil
1215:Plutus
1190:Nessus
1145:Geryon
1110:Ciacco
1105:Chiron
1100:Charon
954:
865:
801:, 1908
712:
686:
665:
607:Plutus
559:" or "
550:helpe!
547:" or "
533:Bruges
497:" to "
417:Arabic
351:Joseph
305:aleppe
215:It is
84:Plutus
24:Plutus
1618:David
1503:Lethe
1453:Eunoe
1316:Ninth
1301:Sixth
1296:Fifth
1286:Third
1276:First
1235:Satan
1185:Minos
1027:Dante
835:, in
623:Pawes
586:kloek
581:Dutch
562:alpe!
491:alepp
441:Jesus
415:into
384:Satan
340:alpha
296:papaí
290:παπαί
286:Greek
281:papae
277:Latin
243:Satan
238:Satàn
72:Satan
50:Canto
1583:Adam
1240:Styx
952:ISBN
863:ISBN
710:ISBN
684:ISBN
663:ISBN
659:Hell
634:and
618:Pope
379:Pape
356:alef
334:alep
311:alef
78:Text
1638:God
1125:Dis
1029:'s
902:KJV
855:),
572:alp
531:of
504:ppe
56:'s
26:in
2376::
916:.
874:^
797:,
765:^
749:^
657:,
500:al
74:.
1920:(
1764:"
1760:"
1757:"
1753:"
1019:e
1012:t
1005:v
960:.
743:.
718:.
690:.
669:.
630:(
579:/
535:(
513:ù
509:ì
502:è
493:é
325:a
322:(
318:א
293:(
251:(
40:"
36:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
