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328:. the accumulated food particles, at the posterior end of the cytopharynx, are directed by the long cilia into the rounded, ball-like mass in the endoplasm called food vacuole. The food vacuoles are circulated by the streaming movement of the endoplasm which is called cyclosis. In
286:, which serve to excrete excess water taken up from the outside, regulating the water contents of the body. Radially distributed "collecting canals" give the contractile vacuoles a distinctive star-like shape. The cell is enclosed by a cellular envelope (
255:
277:
is uniformly covered with cilia, and has a long oral groove, leading to deeply embedded oral cavity, lined with cilia (short, hair-like protoplasmic processes that serve as organs of locomotion and food capture).
336:. It regulates osmotic pressure with the help of bladder-like contractile vacuoles, gathering internal water through its star-shaped radial canals and expelling the excess through the
355:(a large macronucleus and a single compact micronucleus). As in other ciliates, individuals cannot survive without the macronucleus and cannot reproduce without the micronucleus.
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219:. The cilia are used in locomotion and feeding. The species is very common, and widespread in marine, brackish and freshwater environments.
386:
of compatible mating types fuse temporarily and exchange genetic material. During conjugation, the micronuclei of each conjugant divide by
273:
to a blunt point. Early microscopists likened its shape to that of a slipper, and commonly referred to it as the "slipper animalcule." The
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is 170–330 micrometres long (usually 200–300 micrometres). The cell body is spindle-shaped, rounded at the front, tapering at the
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797:
422:
805:
523:
Taxonomische und ökologische
Revision der Ciliaten des Saprobiensystems. Band III: Hymenostomata, Prostomatida, Nassulida
633:
Lynn, Denis. The ciliated protozoa: characterization, classification, and guide to the literature. Springer, 2010. 279.
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371:. The cell then divides transversally, and each new cell obtains a copy of the micronucleus and the macronucleus.
823:
910:
705:
566:
Patterson, D. J. (1980). "Contractile
Vacuoles and Associated Structures: Their Organization and Function".
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ages and dies. Only opposite mating types, or genetically compatible organisms, can unite in conjugation.
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32:
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micronuclei. The old macronuclei are destroyed, and new ones are developed from the new micronuclei.
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cell cycle stage-specific commitment to meiosis." Experimental cell research 166.2 (1986): 475–485.
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378:. Under certain conditions, it may be preceded by self-fertilization (autogamy), or it may follow
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340:. When moving through the water, they follow a spiral path while rotating on the long axis.
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gametes pass from one cell to the other. The gametes of each organism then fuse to form
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525:. Informationsberichte des Bayerischen Landesamtes für Wasserwirtschaft. p. 112.
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Prescott, D. M., et al. "DNA of ciliated protozoa." Chromosome 34.4 (1971): 355–366.
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Carey, Philip G. Marine interstitial ciliates: an illustrated key. 1992. p. 128
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211:. They can reach 0.33 mm in length and are covered with minute hair-like
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Without the rejuvenating effects of autogamy or conjugation a
363:. During reproduction, the macronucleus splits by a type of
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FOISSNER Wilhelm; BERGER Helmut & KOHMANN Fritz (1994).
545:. Springer Science & Business Media. p. 38.
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374:Fission may occur as part of the normal vegetative
332:conditions (freshwater), the cell absorbs water by
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906:Taxa named by Christian Gottfried Ehrenberg
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431:Integrated Taxonomic Information System
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223:Appearance and physical characteristics
290:) densely studded with spindle-shaped
242:"Slipper animalcule", illustrated by
7:
834:c9c3e513-68a5-4020-8419-cf4be19ce9a2
451:101 Science.com: Paramecium Caudatum
580:10.1111/j.1469-185X.1980.tb00686.x
14:
16:Species of single-celled organism
44:
382:, a sexual phenomenon in which
367:, and the micronuclei undergo
1:
642:Berger, James D. "Autogamy in
539:Wichterman, R. (2012-12-06).
344:Reproduction and life cycle
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901:Protists described in 1834
542:The Biology of Paramecium
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41:Scientific classification
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359:reproduce asexually, by
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498:"Paramecium caudatum"
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502:Encyclopedia of Life
302:Feeding and movement
284:contractile vacuoles
720:Paramecium_caudatum
706:Paramecium caudatum
676:Paramecium caudatum
425:Paramecium caudatum
349:Paramecium caudatum
267:Paramecium caudatum
194:Paramecium caudatum
179:Paramecium caudatum
25:Paramecium caudatum
568:Biological Reviews
264:
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896:Oligohymenophorea
883:
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855:Open Tree of Life
668:Taxon identifiers
552:978-1-4757-0372-6
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117:Oligohymenophorea
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197:is a species of
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610:"Paramecium"
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137:Parameciidae
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767:iNaturalist
700:Wikispecies
380:conjugation
307:P. caudatum
296:trichocysts
280:P. caudatum
233:Alfred Kahl
231:Drawing by
199:unicellular
890:Categories
644:Paramecium
507:2013-02-14
471:Paramacium
409:References
403:Paramecium
376:cell cycle
323:flagellate
315:eukaryotic
313:and small
292:extrusomes
213:organelles
209:Ciliophora
148:Paramecium
127:Peniculida
107:Ciliophora
588:1469-185X
384:Paramecia
357:Paramecia
330:hypotonic
271:posterior
155:Species:
97:Alveolata
58:Eukaryota
785:11008973
691:Q2706492
685:Wikidata
619:17 April
614:Microbus
596:86476008
574:(1): 3.
390:and the
365:amitosis
351:has two
311:bacteria
309:feed on
282:has two
275:pellicle
133:Family:
103:Phylum:
54:Domain:
759:8122199
396:diploid
392:haploid
388:meiosis
369:mitosis
334:osmosis
294:called
215:called
204:in the
202:protist
143:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
873:417432
860:568125
847:417432
831:NZOR:
772:335318
746:484358
594:
586:
549:
353:nuclei
288:cortex
246:, 1718
206:phylum
868:WoRMS
798:46414
780:IRMNG
733:4D2PY
592:S2CID
326:algae
319:yeast
217:cilia
91:Clade
78:Clade
65:Clade
842:OBIS
824:5885
819:NCBI
793:ITIS
754:GBIF
621:2018
584:ISSN
547:ISBN
321:and
806:NBN
741:EoL
728:CoL
715:AFD
576:doi
84:SAR
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
