475:
843:
181:. However, the kingdom of P'arisos survived and is attested in later sources. It appears that by the time Stepanos had finished his book in 1004/5, he hadn't heard further updates from the eastern regions; meanwhile, Artnerseh and Pilippē survived, perhaps staying in one of the district's many castles, and they appear to have inherited their brothers' joint kingship. They are probably the "Albanian kings Artnerseh and Pipē" mentioned in a letter by the
17:
35:. The ruins of P'arisos are located on a crag on the left bank of a stream also historically called P'arisos, which is itself a tributary of the Shamkir. P'arisos was also the name of the surrounding district, which comprised the Shamkir basin, and of a kingdom whose capital was here. The kingdom of P'arisos became the most important principality in the eastern
117:
pass. The consolidation of power in P'arisos, as well as other small
Christian principalities in the region, is related to the relative peace in the region during the early 10th century that led to "rapid development of the economy of Armenia and of the international trade across the South Caucasus".
133:), Grigor, Artnerseh, and Pilippē. First, Senek'erim and Grigor reigned as co-rulers. Around 968, Senek'erim was crowned "king of Albania" and received regalia from both Byzantine and Islamic dignitaries: he received "a mantle and magnificent decorations" from a "Persian king", likely the
189:, which is preserved in various Armenian manuscripts containing theological works. Tiranun's response, which likely took place not long after the brothers became kings, refers to the two being in "an hour of extreme dangers", perhaps an indication of political upheaval at that time.
73:
mentioned from the P'arisos monastery, while all the others have only one listed; this implies that the P'arisos monastery had "a high degree of institutionalization", higher than anywhere else in the eastern
Armenian regions.
822:
97:, the highest part of the Armenian plateau, and its control of several major trade routes made it well-connected with the surrounding Caucasus and Caspian regions. One important route went through the
46:, further downstream on the Shamkir, as the capital of the Shamkir basin. P'arisos was in a somewhat more difficult to access location than Gardman. The name P'arisos is etymologically connected with
385:
815:
474:
808:
945:
378:
50:, which was the name of the district before P'arisos itself was founded. Both names are related to the name of the Iranian tribe called the Parrasioi (
955:
109:
river systems which formed "the main axes" of
Georgia and Armenia, respectively. The rulers of P'arisos also controlled the two major passes over the
975:
371:
154:
Senek'erim's coronation represents "a culminating moment in the history of the ruling house of P'arisos". However, in 1003/4, according to
950:
571:
346:
313:
970:
565:
411:
395:
842:
644:
439:
301:
192:
The kingdom of P'arisos possibly survived until the middle of the 11th century. It was succeeded in the region by the
960:
639:
523:
423:
965:
501:
457:
177:
According to
Stepanos Asoghik, the kingdom of P'arisos was completely destroyed and divided between Fadl and
559:
193:
749:
306:
The Good
Christian Ruler in the First Millennium: Views from the Wider Mediterranean World in Conversation
130:
717:
555:
507:
65:
There was also a monastery called P'arisos, which was located somewhere nearby. In one list of
Albanian
42:
The fortress-city of P'arisos was probably founded in the 9th century. It succeeded the nearby fortress
122:
882:
707:
727:
722:
577:
549:
89:. The rulers of P'arisos appear to have inherited Sahl Smbatean's claim of sovereignty over all of
62:
as one of the main groups in the region. The district largely overlapped with the earlier
Gardman.
20:
The
Kingdom of Gardman-Parisos (yellow) in 1017 when it was acquired by the Kingdom of Lori (red).
741:
539:
491:
178:
36:
98:
897:
832:
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90:
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336:
902:
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545:
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110:
302:"Concerning Four Kings From the Land of 'Deep Ravines, Dense Forests, and Dark Thickets'"
695:
685:
533:
51:
939:
700:
690:
599:
86:
629:
338:
The
Geography of Ananias of Širak: Ašxarhacʻoycʻ, the Long and the Short Recensions
102:
78:
304:. In Forness, Philip Michael; Hasse-Ungeheuer, Alexandra; Leppin, Hartmut (eds.).
32:
28:
779:
754:
649:
634:
94:
66:
77:
The kingdom of P'arisos originated in the early 10th century with the prince
862:
614:
447:
163:
147:
82:
158:, both Senek'erim and Grigor died. They may have died during a raid led by
16:
852:
759:
624:
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186:
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857:
789:
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was a city, fortress, and monastery located in the upper basin of the
922:
659:
138:
106:
59:
784:
137:
emir of
Azerbaijan, and "a crown of rare beauty and royal purple
872:
867:
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114:
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valley, which Sahak Sewaday conquered; this route connected the
93:. The kingdom of P'arisos came to dominate the highlands around
804:
367:
254:
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246:
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125:, was called "the great and glorified prince of Albania" by
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402:
129:. Ishkhanun Sewaday had four sons: Yovhannes (aka
170:, who is known to have been active in Sot'k' and
258:
31:, near the present-day Azerbaijani village of
816:
379:
185:Tiranun in response to their questions about
8:
823:
809:
801:
386:
372:
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341:. Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag.
15:
562:, Shanazarians and Avanians, 1603–1822)
205:
282:
270:
227:
212:
946:Former populated places in Azerbaijan
113:mountains: the P'arisos pass and the
7:
308:. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter GmbH.
14:
956:Historical regions in Azerbaijan
841:
473:
430:Kingdom of Armenia (Middle Ages)
566:Republic of Mountainous Armenia
546:Zakarid Principality of Armenia
300:Dorfmann-Lazarev, Igor (2021).
976:Medieval history of Azerbaijan
412:Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)
1:
145:in his capacity of Byzantine
440:Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia
992:
524:Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget
121:Sahak Sewaday's grandson,
81:, who was the grandson of
951:Former regions of Armenia
848:
839:
580:(1991–2023, unrecognized)
558:(Beglarians, Israelians,
502:Principality of Hamamshen
471:
55:
39:during the 10th century.
971:Armenian principalities
194:Principality of Khachen
831:Historical regions of
739:Other provinces under
679:Other Armenian regions
526:(Kiurikians, 979–1118)
394:Historical states and
85:and great-grandson of
21:
556:Melikdoms of Karabakh
508:Kingdom of Vaspurakan
259:Dorfmann-Lazarev 2021
19:
708:Armenian Mesopotamia
568:(1921, unrecognized)
542:(Khachen, 1000–1261)
403:Independent Armenian
464:Republic of Armenia
458:Republic of Armenia
273:, pp. 197–198.
215:, pp. 198–199.
742:Tigranes the Great
540:Kingdom of Artsakh
492:Satrapy of Armenia
483:Minor or dependent
396:regions of Armenia
179:Gagik I of Armenia
174:around this time.
37:Armenian highlands
22:
961:Caucasian Albania
931:
930:
833:Caucasian Albania
798:
797:
530:Kingdom of Syunik
518:Kingdom of Vanand
333:Hewsen, Robert H.
160:Fadl ibn Muhammad
123:Ishkhanun Sewaday
91:Caucasian Albania
983:
966:Gadabay District
845:
825:
818:
811:
802:
593:of Armenia Major
477:
426:, 553 BC–428 AD)
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156:Stepanos Asoghik
143:David III of Tao
127:Stephen Orbelian
69:, there are two
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560:Hasan-Jalalians
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111:Lesser Caucasus
58:) mentioned by
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686:Lesser Armenia
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572:Soviet Armenia
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527:
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472:
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466:(1991–present)
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285:, p. 199.
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232:
230:, p. 198.
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13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
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628:
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600:Upper Armenia
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588:Provinces or
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579:
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561:
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498:, 522–331 BC)
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87:Sahl Smbatean
84:
80:
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72:
68:
63:
61:
53:
49:
45:
40:
38:
34:
30:
29:Shamkir river
26:
18:
933:
630:Nor Shirakan
589:
552:, 1201–1335)
454:, 1080–1375)
354:17 September
352:. Retrieved
337:
321:17 September
319:. Retrieved
305:
293:Bibliography
278:
266:
208:
191:
176:
153:
146:
120:
79:Sahak Sevada
76:
64:
47:
41:
24:
23:
718:Mountainous
574:(1920–1991)
536:, 987–1170)
514:, 908–1021)
460:(1918–1920)
436:, 884–1045)
283:Hewsen 1992
271:Hewsen 1992
228:Hewsen 1992
213:Hewsen 1992
940:Categories
780:Cappadocia
755:Atropatene
650:Paytakaran
635:Vaspurakan
520:(963–1064)
504:(790–1486)
434:Bagratunis
200:References
131:Senek'erim
95:Lake Sevan
67:catholicoi
863:Cambysene
615:Turuberan
550:Zakarians
512:Artsrunis
452:Lusignans
448:Hethumids
420:Artaxiads
164:Shaddadid
148:magistros
99:Joroy Get
83:Atrnerseh
56:Παρράσιοι
898:Kaladash
853:Caspiane
760:Adiabene
625:Corduene
610:Arzanene
590:Ashkhars
496:Orontids
444:Rubenids
424:Arsacids
416:Orontids
335:(1992).
187:exegesis
183:vardapet
166:emir of
135:Sallarid
71:prelates
33:Qalakənd
25:P'arisos
903:Kapalak
888:Kholmaz
858:Gardman
790:Osroene
775:Albania
765:Assyria
713:Cilicia
670:Ayrarat
645:Artsakh
620:Moxoene
605:Sophene
578:Artsakh
172:Khachen
141:" from
48:P'arnēs
44:Gardman
923:Hereti
913:Cholaa
908:Hegeri
893:Gelavu
770:Iberia
696:Second
660:Gugark
640:Syunik
534:Siunis
405:states
345:
312:
162:, the
139:attire
115:Sot'k'
107:Araxes
60:Strabo
918:Lpina
883:Shake
878:Eghni
785:Judea
750:Syria
728:Rocky
723:Plain
701:Third
691:First
168:Arran
52:Greek
873:Begh
868:Utik
665:Tayk
655:Utik
450:and
422:and
356:2022
343:ISBN
323:2022
310:ISBN
105:and
103:Kura
942::
446:,
418:,
235:^
220:^
196:.
151:.
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358:.
325:.
261:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
