77:
139:
36:
289:
from the Amazon which is still spoken there. The languages further upriver are difficult to identify, due to lack of data. The region was multilingual at the time of the
Conquest, and the people largely switched to Spanish rather than to Quechua, though Quechua also expanded during Colonial times.
611:
to the east of the Marañón, were conquered by the Inca shortly before the
Spanish conquest, and many were deported after the Inca Civil War. They sided with the Spanish and achieved independence for a time, but were then deported again by the Spanish, where most died of introduced disease. Their
254:
612:
language is essentially unattested apart from toponyms and several hundred family names. Family names are mostly short and have been distorted through adaptation to
Quechua; the only one which can be identified is
156:
49:
55:
2831:
1517:
1252:
1498:
337:; since these are plant names, they say little about the classification of the language, and Adelaar (2004:397) leaves it unclassified. Bolona is essentially unattested.
2882:
372:. Those suggest that they may have been related, and possibly were all Barbacoan. Adelaar (2004:397) finds this more likely than a proposal that Puruhá and Cañar were
203:
2826:
1318:
Ramón, Gabriel & Andrade, Luis. (2021). LA “LENGUA GUZMANGO” EN CAJAMARCA COLONIAL: CONTEXTO Y PERSPECTIVAS. Chungará (Arica). 10.4067/S0717-73562021005002101.
1237:
175:
2887:
1432:
2809:
1247:
281:
which have been poorly attested or not attested at all. Those of the middle reaches of the river, above the Amazon basin, were replaced in historical times by
182:
1459:
Taylor, Anne
Christine. (1999). "The Western Margins of Amazonia from the Early Sixteenth to the Early Nineteenth Century". In Salomon and Schwartz. (1999).
2872:
2857:
2814:
1242:
1007:
The following is a vocabulary table for Patagón, Bagua, Chacha, Copallén, Tabancale, Chirino, and Sácata combined from data given in the sections above:
189:
2717:
2276:
1476:
171:
2664:
1491:
1511:
1410:
2225:
1507:
278:
687:. However, this is insufficient to identify Copallén as a Cholón language. It was spoken in villages of Llanque, Las Lomas, and Copallen,
98:
2877:
2684:
2089:
1484:
240:
222:
196:
120:
63:
2639:
2649:
1547:
2836:
2704:
1769:
1993:
160:
2659:
2654:
2469:
2078:
824:'house'. These do not correspond to any known language or family, so Tabancale (Tabancal) is unclassified and potentially a
2867:
2758:
2382:
2689:
2669:
2604:
592:'water' suggests it may be a Cariban language, like Patagón de Perico, but is insufficient evidence for classification.
2644:
2128:
2679:
2629:
2193:
1788:
91:
85:
2862:
2793:
2634:
2520:
2435:
2198:
1978:
1875:
149:
2619:
102:
2594:
2589:
2144:
364:(Barbacoan). Apart possibly from Panzaleo, these languages have elements in common, such as a final syllable
2624:
1607:
829:
688:
321:. Historical sources suggest these were closely related, and there is some evidence that Palta (see) was a
2778:
2738:
2614:
2609:
2599:
2584:
2122:
2050:
1894:
1830:
1808:
1773:
1454:
Congrès international des sciences anthropologiques et ethnologiques: compte-rendu de la première session
1439:
1352:
333:. Rabona is attested by a few words, some of which seem to be Jivaroan, but others of which appear to be
2788:
2768:
2753:
2712:
2674:
2459:
2411:
2296:
2023:
1953:
1890:
655:
is found three times in
Cajamarca, as well as being the name of a Cholón village meaning 'black water'.
2235:
1709:
1574:
306:
2763:
2743:
2545:
2479:
2340:
2284:
2133:
1856:
1716:
391:, the languages of northern Peru are largely unrecorded; the attested Marañón languages are Patagón (
976:
944:
2783:
2748:
2722:
2240:
2215:
2108:
2044:
2000:
1949:
1939:
1782:
1634:
1592:
861:
725:
433:
262:
2536:
2515:
2510:
2505:
2500:
2474:
2416:
2328:
2301:
2203:
2186:
2057:
2033:
1988:
1971:
1934:
1929:
1744:
1627:
1587:
1536:
1426:
996:
604:
2354:
1751:
1730:
1597:
644:
388:
345:
341:
2773:
2694:
2421:
2394:
2361:
2307:
2256:
2172:
2138:
2112:
2084:
2069:
2005:
1911:
1904:
1695:
1642:
1620:
1613:
1556:
1406:
992:
964:
889:
561:
461:
373:
357:
349:
334:
322:
286:
282:
1446:, ed. Wilbert, Johannes. Los Angeles: University of California (UCLA), Latin American Center.
2525:
2492:
2448:
2429:
2375:
2334:
2314:
2230:
2179:
2165:
2158:
2151:
2095:
2011:
1924:
1918:
1869:
1801:
1794:
1737:
1723:
1702:
1668:
1663:
1602:
1563:
1257:
947:
were one of the principal peoples of the area. Based on the four words which were recorded,
869:
825:
733:
531:
527:
441:
384:
353:
2551:
2485:
2321:
2265:
2039:
1983:
1836:
1688:
1681:
1674:
881:
745:
453:
314:
310:
1961:
1957:
1582:
2579:
2558:
2441:
2404:
2368:
1862:
1848:
1824:
1817:
1466:
1398:
1357:
361:
318:
302:
17:
791:
513:
2851:
2347:
2290:
2250:
1375:
1329:
1299:
1278:
298:
1758:
274:
664:
270:
138:
253:
1449:
620:, which according to oral history means 'puma' or 'bear' (Adelaar 2004:407).
383:, and further up in the Andes there were also numerous languages. Apart from
1380:
1334:
1304:
1283:
929:
910:
784:
765:
633:
and the Marañón river is a similar toponymic element, attested variously as
630:
535:
506:
487:
399:), Chacha (Chachapoya), Copallén, Tabancale, Chirino, and Sácata (Chillao).
1469:(1993). "Lenguas del nororiente peruano: la hoya de Jaén en el siglo XVI",
564:, and therefore, like Aguaruna, from the Amazon (Adelaar 2004:405–406).
1384:. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
1338:. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
1308:. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
1287:. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
975:
Three words of the language of Sácata (Zácata), apparently that of the
294:
1374:
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017).
1328:
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017).
1298:
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017).
1277:
Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017).
608:
643:
found further across a wider area of northern Peru. This may be the
557:
266:
851:
715:
423:
380:
1480:
132:
70:
29:
1473:
11, 2, pp. 447–72. Cuzco: Centro
Bartolomé de Las Casas.
1461:
The
Cambridge History of the Native Peoples of South America
1452:. (1934). "Population de la province de Jaén. Equateur." In
683:'house'. The word for water resembles the toponymic element
269:
which made it an attractive location for trade between the
1456:, pp. 245–7. London: Royal Institute of Anthropology.
1405:. Cambridge Language Surveys. Cambridge University Press.
1463:, part 2, pp. 188–256.. Cambridge University Press,
995:(the word for water is similar to that of Chinino) and
1253:
Classification of indigenous languages of the
Americas
963:'grass', their language would appear to be related to
815:
809:
634:
624:
547:
2802:
2731:
2703:
2572:
2534:
2458:
2392:
2275:
2214:
2107:
2067:
2021:
1948:
1888:
1846:
1768:
1656:
1573:
1546:
1526:
927:
908:
903:
878:
868:
857:
847:
842:
782:
763:
758:
742:
732:
721:
711:
701:
603:is the name sometimes given to the language of the
504:
485:
480:
450:
440:
429:
419:
409:
360:(until the 18th century, seemingly Barbacoan), and
348:(known primarily from characteristic place names),
163:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1356:
1444:Classification of South American Indian Languages
1359:Classification of South American Indian languages
607:. The Chachapoya, originally from the region of
1238:List of unclassified languages of South America
560:'). These suggest that Patagón was one of the
172:"Extinct languages of the Marañón River basin"
1492:
1248:List of indigenous languages of South America
991:'fire'. Connections have been suggested with
8:
64:Learn how and when to remove these messages
1843:
1570:
1543:
1499:
1485:
1477:
1431:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1363:. Los Angeles: UCLA Latin American Center.
1347:
1345:
1243:List of extinct languages of South America
839:
698:
629:are found near water. Between the town of
406:
1508:Indigenous language families and isolates
241:Learn how and when to remove this message
223:Learn how and when to remove this message
121:Learn how and when to remove this message
1009:
252:
84:This article includes a list of general
2883:Unclassified languages of South America
1467:Torero Fernández de Córdova, Alfredo A.
1269:
663:Four words are attested from Capallén (
257:Pre-Inca languages in the 16th century.
1424:
1419:Relaciones geográficas de Indias: Perú
1417:Jiménez de la Espada, Marcos (1965) .
2888:Indigenous languages of South America
7:
999:, but the evidence is insufficient.
161:adding citations to reliable sources
1401:; & Muysken, Pieter C. (2004).
2873:Extinct languages of South America
636:-cat(e), -cot(e), -gat(e), -got(e)
90:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
2858:Indigenous languages of the Andes
967:(Torero 1993, Adelaar 2004:406).
556:'sheep' (evidently the word for '
45:This article has multiple issues.
137:
75:
34:
647:word for water; the place name
148:needs additional citations for
53:or discuss these issues on the
623:Chachapoya toponyms ending in
576:) is attested by three words,
526:, not to be confused with the
27:Extinct languages of the Andes
1:
265:basin, at a low point in the
1100:-gach(e), -gat(e), -gote (?)
828:. It was spoken in Aconipa,
816:
810:
635:
625:
548:
538:): Four words are recorded,
2904:
2878:Lists of extinct languages
2226:Arawan–Harákmbut–Katukinan
1403:The Languages of the Andes
800:Five words are recorded:
706:
414:
352:(sometimes classified as
277:, once harbored numerous
626:-gach(e), -gat(e), -gote
340:North of the basin were
830:department of Cajamarca
689:department of Cajamarca
105:more precise citations.
18:Patagon language (Peru)
2827:Unclassified languages
258:
2397:, Bolivia, and Chile)
2218:(west-central Brazil)
1399:Adelaar, Willem F. H.
344:(scarcely attested),
297:, at the province of
256:
2868:Languages of Ecuador
329:may be a variant of
157:improve this article
2820:Marañón River basin
2685:Tequiraca–Canichana
2665:Maya–Yunga–Chipayan
2640:Esmeralda–Yaruroan
2573:Proposed groupings
1527:Language families
605:Chachapoya culture
259:
2863:Languages of Peru
2845:
2844:
2815:Extinct languages
2568:
2567:
1884:
1883:
1652:
1651:
1521:
1440:Loukotka, Čestmír
1411:978-0-521-36275-7
1353:Loukotka, Čestmír
1229:
1228:
941:
940:
798:
797:
562:Cariban languages
524:Patagón de Perico
520:
519:
415:Patagón de Perico
393:Patagón de Perico
374:Chimuan languages
323:Jivaroan language
287:Jivaroan language
251:
250:
243:
233:
232:
225:
207:
131:
130:
123:
68:
16:(Redirected from
2895:
2837:Linguistic areas
2705:Linguistic areas
2247:? Mura–Matanawí
1994:Andoque–Urequena
1844:
1571:
1544:
1515:
1501:
1494:
1487:
1478:
1436:
1430:
1422:
1386:
1385:
1371:
1365:
1364:
1362:
1349:
1340:
1339:
1325:
1319:
1316:
1310:
1309:
1295:
1289:
1288:
1274:
1258:Omurano language
1010:
979:, are recorded:
922:
913:
884:
840:
826:language isolate
819:
813:
794:
777:
768:
748:
699:
638:
628:
574:Patagón de Bagua
551:
532:Tierra del Fuego
528:Chonan languages
516:
499:
490:
456:
407:
397:Patagón de Bagua
370:mwe-, pwe-, bwe-
246:
239:
228:
221:
217:
214:
208:
206:
165:
141:
133:
126:
119:
115:
112:
106:
101:this article by
92:inline citations
79:
78:
71:
60:
38:
37:
30:
21:
2903:
2902:
2898:
2897:
2896:
2894:
2893:
2892:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2841:
2798:
2727:
2699:
2660:Mataco–Guaicuru
2655:Katembri–Taruma
2620:Macro-Puinavean
2605:Macro-Otomákoan
2564:
2530:
2470:Mataco–Guaicuru
2454:
2388:
2271:
2210:
2103:
2079:Sechura–Catacao
2068:Pacific coast (
2063:
2022:Pacific coast (
2017:
1944:
1880:
1842:
1764:
1648:
1569:
1542:
1528:
1522:
1520:classification)
1514:
1505:
1423:
1416:
1395:
1390:
1389:
1373:
1372:
1368:
1351:
1350:
1343:
1327:
1326:
1322:
1317:
1313:
1297:
1296:
1292:
1276:
1275:
1271:
1266:
1234:
1005:
973:
920:
909:
899:
885:
882:Language family
880:
838:
790:
775:
764:
754:
749:
746:Language family
744:
697:
661:
598:
570:
512:
497:
486:
476:
457:
454:Language family
452:
405:
247:
236:
235:
234:
229:
218:
212:
209:
166:
164:
154:
142:
127:
116:
110:
107:
97:Please help to
96:
80:
76:
39:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2901:
2899:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2880:
2875:
2870:
2865:
2860:
2850:
2849:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2834:
2832:Classification
2829:
2824:
2823:
2822:
2812:
2806:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2796:
2791:
2786:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2735:
2733:
2729:
2728:
2726:
2725:
2720:
2718:Mamoré–Guaporé
2715:
2709:
2707:
2701:
2700:
2698:
2697:
2692:
2690:Wamo–Chapakura
2687:
2682:
2677:
2672:
2670:Moseten–Chonan
2667:
2662:
2657:
2652:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2632:
2627:
2622:
2617:
2612:
2607:
2602:
2597:
2595:Macro-Chibchan
2592:
2590:Macro-Arawakan
2587:
2582:
2576:
2574:
2570:
2569:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2555:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2532:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2508:
2503:
2498:
2497:
2496:
2489:
2482:
2477:
2465:
2463:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2433:
2426:
2425:
2424:
2419:
2408:
2400:
2398:
2390:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2379:
2372:
2365:
2358:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2311:
2304:
2299:
2294:
2287:
2281:
2279:
2277:Mamoré–Guaporé
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2262:
2261:
2260:
2253:
2245:
2244:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2221:
2219:
2212:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2207:
2206:
2201:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2169:
2162:
2155:
2148:
2141:
2136:
2131:
2126:
2118:
2116:
2105:
2104:
2102:
2101:
2100:
2099:
2092:
2081:
2075:
2073:
2065:
2064:
2062:
2061:
2054:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2029:
2027:
2019:
2018:
2016:
2015:
2008:
2003:
1998:
1997:
1996:
1991:
1986:
1975:
1967:
1965:
1946:
1945:
1943:
1942:
1937:
1932:
1927:
1922:
1915:
1908:
1900:
1898:
1886:
1885:
1882:
1881:
1879:
1878:
1873:
1866:
1859:
1853:
1851:
1841:
1840:
1833:
1828:
1821:
1814:
1813:
1812:
1805:
1798:
1785:
1779:
1777:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1762:
1755:
1748:
1741:
1734:
1727:
1720:
1713:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1685:
1678:
1671:
1666:
1660:
1658:
1657:Eastern Brazil
1654:
1653:
1650:
1649:
1647:
1646:
1638:
1631:
1624:
1617:
1610:
1605:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1585:
1579:
1577:
1568:
1567:
1560:
1552:
1550:
1541:
1540:
1532:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1506:
1504:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1471:Revista Andina
1464:
1457:
1447:
1437:
1414:
1394:
1391:
1388:
1387:
1366:
1341:
1320:
1311:
1290:
1268:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1261:
1260:
1255:
1250:
1245:
1240:
1233:
1230:
1227:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1213:
1211:
1208:
1205:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1196:
1193:
1191:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1181:
1178:
1174:
1173:
1171:
1169:
1167:
1165:
1162:
1159:
1156:
1153:
1150:
1146:
1145:
1143:
1141:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1119:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1111:
1109:
1107:
1105:
1103:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1093:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1084:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1065:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1054:
1051:
1048:
1045:
1041:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1016:
1013:
1004:
1001:
977:Chillao people
972:
969:
939:
938:
933:
925:
924:
914:
906:
905:
904:Language codes
901:
900:
898:
897:
888:
886:
879:
876:
875:
874:(date missing)
872:
866:
865:
859:
855:
854:
849:
848:Native to
845:
844:
837:
834:
796:
795:
788:
780:
779:
769:
761:
760:
759:Language codes
756:
755:
752:
750:
743:
740:
739:
738:(date missing)
736:
730:
729:
723:
719:
718:
713:
712:Native to
709:
708:
704:
703:
696:
693:
660:
657:
597:
594:
569:
566:
518:
517:
510:
502:
501:
491:
483:
482:
481:Language codes
478:
477:
475:
474:
473:
472:
460:
458:
451:
448:
447:
446:(date missing)
444:
438:
437:
431:
427:
426:
421:
420:Native to
417:
416:
412:
411:
404:
401:
249:
248:
231:
230:
145:
143:
136:
129:
128:
83:
81:
74:
69:
43:
42:
40:
33:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2900:
2889:
2886:
2884:
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2825:
2821:
2818:
2817:
2816:
2813:
2811:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2801:
2795:
2794:French Guiana
2792:
2790:
2787:
2785:
2782:
2780:
2777:
2775:
2772:
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2676:
2673:
2671:
2668:
2666:
2663:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2651:
2650:Je–Tupi–Carib
2648:
2646:
2645:Hibito–Cholon
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2625:Macro-Warpean
2623:
2621:
2618:
2616:
2613:
2611:
2608:
2606:
2603:
2601:
2598:
2596:
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2300:
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2278:
2274:
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2259:
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2249:
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2239:
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2222:
2220:
2217:
2213:
2205:
2202:
2200:
2197:
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2195:
2191:
2189:
2188:
2184:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2168:
2167:
2163:
2161:
2160:
2156:
2154:
2153:
2149:
2147:
2146:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2135:
2132:
2130:
2129:Hibito–Cholon
2127:
2125:
2124:
2120:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2110:
2106:
2098:
2097:
2093:
2091:
2090:Cañari–Puruhá
2088:
2087:
2086:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2074:
2071:
2066:
2060:
2059:
2055:
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2048:
2046:
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2031:
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2028:
2025:
2020:
2014:
2013:
2009:
2007:
2004:
2002:
1999:
1995:
1992:
1990:
1987:
1985:
1982:
1981:
1980:
1976:
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1973:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1941:
1938:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1928:
1926:
1923:
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1728:
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1707:
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1704:
1700:
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1662:
1661:
1659:
1655:
1645:
1644:
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1637:
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1625:
1623:
1622:
1618:
1616:
1615:
1611:
1609:
1606:
1604:
1601:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1589:
1586:
1584:
1581:
1580:
1578:
1576:
1572:
1566:
1565:
1561:
1559:
1558:
1554:
1553:
1551:
1549:
1548:Je–Tupi–Carib
1545:
1539:
1538:
1534:
1533:
1531:
1525:
1519:
1518:Campbell 2012
1513:
1512:South America
1509:
1502:
1497:
1495:
1490:
1488:
1483:
1482:
1479:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1458:
1455:
1451:
1448:
1445:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1428:
1420:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1396:
1392:
1383:
1382:
1381:Glottolog 3.0
1377:
1370:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1354:
1348:
1346:
1342:
1337:
1336:
1335:Glottolog 3.0
1331:
1324:
1321:
1315:
1312:
1307:
1306:
1305:Glottolog 3.0
1301:
1294:
1291:
1286:
1285:
1284:Glottolog 3.0
1280:
1273:
1270:
1263:
1259:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1249:
1246:
1244:
1241:
1239:
1236:
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1231:
1225:
1223:
1221:
1219:
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1214:
1212:
1209:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1199:
1197:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1188:
1185:
1182:
1179:
1176:
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1172:
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1160:
1157:
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1148:
1147:
1144:
1142:
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1138:
1135:
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1127:
1124:
1121:
1120:
1116:
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1110:
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1104:
1102:
1099:
1096:
1095:
1092:
1089:
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1079:
1076:
1073:
1070:
1069:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1059:
1057:
1055:
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1043:
1042:
1038:
1035:
1032:
1029:
1026:
1023:
1020:
1017:
1014:
1012:
1011:
1008:
1002:
1000:
998:
994:
990:
986:
982:
978:
970:
968:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
946:
937:
934:
932:
931:
926:
918:
915:
912:
907:
902:
896:
893:
892:
891:
887:
883:
877:
873:
871:
867:
863:
862:Marañón River
860:
856:
853:
850:
846:
841:
835:
833:
831:
827:
823:
818:
812:
807:
803:
793:
789:
787:
786:
781:
773:
770:
767:
762:
757:
751:
747:
741:
737:
735:
731:
727:
726:Marañón River
724:
720:
717:
714:
710:
705:
700:
694:
692:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
658:
656:
654:
650:
646:
642:
637:
632:
627:
621:
619:
615:
610:
606:
602:
595:
593:
591:
588:'come here'.
587:
583:
579:
575:
567:
565:
563:
559:
555:
550:
545:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
515:
511:
509:
508:
503:
495:
492:
489:
484:
479:
471:
468:
467:
465:
464:
463:
459:
455:
449:
445:
443:
439:
435:
434:Marañón River
432:
428:
425:
422:
418:
413:
408:
402:
400:
398:
394:
390:
386:
382:
377:
375:
371:
367:
363:
359:
355:
351:
347:
343:
338:
336:
332:
328:
324:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
291:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
268:
264:
263:Marañón River
255:
245:
242:
227:
224:
216:
205:
202:
198:
195:
191:
188:
184:
181:
177:
174: –
173:
169:
168:Find sources:
162:
158:
152:
151:
146:This article
144:
140:
135:
134:
125:
122:
114:
104:
100:
94:
93:
87:
82:
73:
72:
67:
65:
58:
57:
52:
51:
46:
41:
32:
31:
19:
2819:
2680:Saparo–Yawan
2630:Arutani–Sape
2615:Macro-Panoan
2610:Macro-Paesan
2600:Macro-Jibaro
2585:Macro-Andean
2557:
2550:
2521:Lule–Vilelan
2491:
2484:
2447:
2440:
2428:
2403:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2353:
2346:
2339:
2327:
2320:
2313:
2306:
2289:
2264:
2255:
2194:Saparo–Yawan
2185:
2178:
2171:
2164:
2157:
2150:
2143:
2123:Pano–Tacanan
2121:
2094:
2056:
2049:
2032:
2026:and Ecuador)
2010:
1970:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1868:
1861:
1835:
1823:
1816:
1807:
1800:
1793:
1789:Arutani–Sape
1757:
1750:
1743:
1736:
1729:
1722:
1715:
1708:
1701:
1694:
1687:
1680:
1673:
1641:
1633:
1626:
1619:
1612:
1562:
1555:
1535:
1529:and isolates
1470:
1460:
1453:
1443:
1418:
1402:
1379:
1369:
1358:
1333:
1323:
1314:
1303:
1293:
1282:
1272:
1006:
988:
984:
980:
974:
960:
959:'firewood',
956:
952:
948:
942:
935:
928:
916:
894:
821:
814:'firewood',
805:
801:
799:
783:
771:
753:unclassified
684:
680:
679:'firewood',
676:
672:
668:
662:
652:
648:
640:
622:
617:
613:
600:
599:
589:
585:
581:
577:
573:
571:
553:
552:'firewood',
543:
539:
523:
521:
505:
493:
469:
396:
392:
378:
369:
365:
339:
330:
326:
292:
275:Amazon basin
260:
237:
219:
210:
200:
193:
186:
179:
167:
155:Please help
150:verification
147:
117:
108:
89:
61:
54:
48:
47:Please help
44:
2675:Quechumaran
2635:Bora–Witoto
2535:Far South (
2436:Uru–Chipaya
2412:Quechumaran
2297:Nambikwaran
1979:Bora–Witoto
1876:Ticuna–Yuri
1450:Rivet, Paul
1039:puma, bear
368:and onsets
325:. The name
271:Inca Empire
213:August 2017
111:August 2017
103:introducing
2852:Categories
2546:Qawasqaran
2480:Guaicuruan
2449:Mapudungun
2285:Chapacuran
2199:Peba–Yagua
2134:Cahuapanan
2051:Yurumanguí
1635:Chiquitano
1608:Maxakalian
1516:(based on
1442:. (1968).
1393:References
1330:"Copallen"
1149:Tabancale
1003:Vocabulary
395:), Bagua (
183:newspapers
86:references
50:improve it
2810:Languages
2779:Venezuela
2739:Argentina
2732:Countries
2723:Amazonian
2335:Mosetenan
2329:Canichana
2241:Katukinan
2236:Harákmbut
2187:Tequiraca
2058:Esmeralda
2045:Barbacoan
2001:Guajiboan
1940:Jirajaran
1895:Venezuela
1831:Otomacoan
1783:Yanomaman
1774:Venezuela
1710:Pankararú
1628:Rikbaktsá
1427:cite book
1421:. Madrid.
1215:chichache
1195:paxquiro
1122:Copallén
1117:oc, occ
1036:come here
989:chichache
987:'maize',
983:'water',
955:'maize',
951:'water',
930:Glottolog
911:ISO 639-3
808:'maize',
804:'water',
785:Glottolog
766:ISO 639-3
702:Tabancale
695:Tabancale
675:'maize',
671:'water',
631:Cajamarca
584:'maize',
580:'water',
546:'maize',
542:'water',
536:Patagonia
522:Patagón (
507:Glottolog
488:ISO 639-3
279:languages
56:talk page
2789:Suriname
2769:Paraguay
2754:Colombia
2516:Huarpean
2511:Charruan
2506:Zamucoan
2501:Mascoyan
2475:Matacoan
2417:Quechuan
2341:Yuracaré
2308:Cayubaba
2302:Bororoan
2257:Matanawí
2204:Zaparoan
2173:Taushiro
2145:Candoshi
2139:Jivaroan
2034:Chibchan
2024:Colombia
1989:Witotoan
1972:Tucanoan
1954:Colombia
1935:Timotean
1930:Tiniguan
1891:Colombia
1717:Tarairiú
1696:Katembri
1664:Karirian
1603:Krenakan
1588:Jabutian
1575:Macro-Jê
1537:Arawakan
1376:"Sacata"
1355:(1968).
1300:"Chacha"
1232:See also
1177:Chirino
1161:lalaque
1044:Patagón
1021:firewood
997:Arawakan
993:Candoshí
965:Candoshi
961:paxquiro
890:Candoshi
820:'fire',
792:taba1269
665:Copallín
659:Copallén
514:pata1255
358:Caranqui
350:Panzaleo
335:Candoshí
307:Malacato
283:Aguaruna
273:and the
2764:Ecuador
2744:Bolivia
2695:Amerind
2493:Payaguá
2462:–Pampas
2430:Puquina
2422:Aymaran
2393:Andes (
2376:Irantxe
2315:Itonama
2180:Urarina
2166:Waorani
2159:Munichi
2152:Omurano
2096:Mochica
2085:Chimuan
2040:Chocoan
2012:Puinave
2006:Nadahup
1919:Andaquí
1889:Andes (
1857:Sáliban
1795:Arutani
1770:Orinoco
1557:Cariban
1279:"Bagua"
1210:umague
1204:Sácata
1097:Chacha
945:Chirino
895:Chirino
870:Extinct
843:Chirino
836:Chirino
817:lalaque
734:Extinct
707:Aconipa
639:, with
572:Bagua (
470:Patagón
462:Cariban
442:Extinct
410:Patagón
403:Patagón
385:Mochica
376:(see).
301:, were
295:Ecuador
197:scholar
99:improve
2784:Guyana
2749:Brazil
2552:Yaghan
2526:Chonan
2486:Guachí
2355:Aikanã
2322:Movima
2266:Trumai
2231:Arawan
2216:Amazon
2109:Amazon
1962:Vaupés
1958:Japurá
1950:Amazon
1925:Paezan
1837:Yaruro
1745:Xukurú
1689:Baenan
1682:Gamela
1675:Taruma
1669:Purían
1598:Karajá
1593:Kamakã
1564:Tupian
1409:
1183:yugato
1136:ismare
1131:olaman
1128:chumac
1125:quiet
1077:lancho
1071:Bagua
985:umague
971:Sácata
953:yugato
858:Region
722:Region
681:ismare
677:olaman
673:chumac
653:Zalcot
649:Salcot
645:Cholón
609:Kuelap
601:Chacha
596:Chacha
582:lancho
430:Region
389:Cholón
354:Paezan
342:Puruhá
331:Jivaro
317:, and
315:Bolona
311:Rabona
199:
192:
185:
178:
170:
88:, but
2803:Lists
2759:Chile
2713:Chaco
2559:Chono
2537:Chile
2460:Chaco
2442:Kunza
2405:Culle
2383:Arara
2369:Kwazá
2362:Kanoê
2251:Muran
1984:Boran
1964:area)
1912:Camsá
1905:Cofán
1863:Betoi
1825:Guamo
1818:Warao
1731:Wamoé
1643:Guató
1621:Ofayé
1614:Jaikó
1264:Notes
1186:xumás
1180:yungo
1090:nacxé
1060:coará
1033:grass
1030:sheep
1027:house
1018:maize
1015:water
957:xumás
949:yungo
864:basin
728:basin
669:quiet
586:nacxé
568:Bagua
558:sloth
554:coará
436:basin
362:Pasto
346:Cañar
327:Xiroa
319:Xiroa
303:Palta
267:Andes
204:JSTOR
190:books
2774:Peru
2580:Duho
2395:Peru
2348:Leco
2291:Mure
2113:Peru
2070:Peru
1893:and
1870:Hodï
1849:Duho
1809:Máku
1802:Sapé
1752:Yaté
1738:Xokó
1724:Tuxá
1703:Natú
1433:link
1407:ISBN
1207:unga
1158:oyme
1152:yema
1074:tuna
1053:viue
1050:anás
1047:tuná
1024:fire
981:unga
943:The
936:None
917:None
852:Peru
811:oyme
802:yema
772:None
716:Peru
685:-cat
641:-cat
590:Tuna
578:tuna
549:viue
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