284:
Y-shaped band extends from the hindneck down the sides of the neck across the breast to the centre of the belly. Below the band the breast, flanks and belly are sandy buff. The legs are a pale buff colour, with the feet noticeably darker. The eye is dark brown. It has a short dark bill. Males and females have similar plumage. Maclean observed that the birds moulted into a paler, less bold non-breeding plumage. Immature birds lack the distinct black markings on the head, neck and breast of the adults. It calls infrequently, most often a short quiet quick or guttural kroot or krrr when taking flight. The precocial young have short dense downy feathers, pinkish-buff or cream on the upperparts with a heavy pattern of dark brown blotches. The underparts are off white. The bill and legs are pale yellow.
42:
2116:
415:, bluebush or samphire to provide food and shelter. It is most often seen in gibber plains, clay pans and gravel flats. It is believed to have benefited from land clearance for agriculture after European settlement. Movements are not well known – there appear to be seasonal movements south in the spring and north in the summer and there seems to be some movement beyond its normal range when excessive rains or severe drought makes habitat unsuitable. Vagrant birds have been observed as far as Sydney, NSW.
272:
2520:
86:
3307:
465:
61:
392:
215:
423:
Typically in the day the birds associate in loose flocks of 10-20 birds, occasionally hundreds of birds. They are generally inactive in daytime, although they will forage on plants. At dusk the flock disperses and night sees most activity with individual birds hunting a variety of insect prey. It is
476:
Inland dotterels form monogamous pairs when breeding, and both birds care for the young. May breed solitarily or in small colonies of up to six nests. Believed to breed at any time of the year if conditions are suitable, but generally breeding not well known, much data restricted to captive pairs.
262:
and claypans in the day where it loafs in the shade and eats shoots of shrubs. It is most often encountered at night when it forages on roads for insects. The relative remoteness of its habitat means that it is not well studied. The most detailed observations of the species were made by the South
283:
It is unlikely to be confused with any other species when found in its normal habitat. Its upperparts are a rich sandy buff, mottled with dark brown. The black band across the crown extending down through the eye is unique. The face, ear coverts and neck are white, as is the vent. A broad black
279:
The inland dotterel is a medium-sized plover with a distinctive cryptic plumage. Males and females are similarly sized: 19–23 cm (7.5–9 in) in length, a wingspan of 43–47 cm (17–19 in) a weight of 80–90 g (2.8–3.2 oz), and a short bill 1.7 cm (0.67 in).
477:
The nest is a shallow depression in bare ground, formed by the birds or taking advantage of a suitable natural depression. A clutch of three eggs is laid. The eggs are oval medium brown coloured with an irregular pattern of dark brown blotches, 3.7 cm x 2.7 cm.
436:, and it is thought these glands enable them to remove the salt content of the plants and hence use herbivory to source water. They have occasionally been observed drinking with large flocks gathering at stock tanks and clay-pans. At night the diet is insectivorous and
424:
during this activity that they are often encountered on outback roads. They tolerate high temperatures but will seek cover if the temperature exceeds 40 C (104 F). When approached they prefer to run away rather than fly.
1264:
1171:
Brooker, M.G.; Ridpath, M.G.; Estbergs, J.A.; Bywater, J.; Hart, D.S.; Jones, M.S. (1979). "Bird observations on the North-western
Nullarbor Plain and neighbouring regions, 1967-1978".
1285:
263:
African arid-zone ornithology specialist Gordon
Maclean in the 1970s. Alternate English names include Australian plover, inland plover, desert plover and prairie plover.
3514:
1243:
543:. It is not listed in any Australian Federal or State acts, but is listed as vulnerable on the Victorian governments advisory list of threatened vertebrate fauna.
536:
535:
While there are no reliable estimates, it is believed the across its range the population is relatively large and stable. The conservation classification at the
3553:
949:
Christian, P.D.; Christidis, L.; Schodde, R. (1992). "Biochemical systematics of the
Australian Dotterels and Plovers (Charadriiformes : Charadriidae)".
3633:
2115:
1376:
3475:
3527:
1258:
933:
41:
359:
and placed the inland dotterel in a clade with other
Australasian endemic genera (which also coincidentally consist a single species) the
1036:
Curry, P.J.; Hacker, R.B. (1990). "Can
Pastoral Grazing Management Satisfy Endorsed Conservation Objectives in Arid Western Australia?".
3643:
3488:
399:
The inland dotterel occurs widely in the arid south-east and south-west of
Australia. Its distribution corresponds to areas below the
3653:
1293:
1072:
850:
816:
774:
3648:
1199:
400:
3532:
2519:
1369:
323:, although it is rarely seen near water. Its taxonomic position continues to cause debate. The initial scientific name
3413:
3374:
85:
3558:
606:
3306:
1362:
1324:
383:
for birds in western
Australia based on supposedly darker plumage, but the validity of this has been disputed.
3493:
898:
Meyer de
Schauensee, R. (1957). "On Some Avian Types, Principally Gould's, in the Collection of the Academy".
3365:
3400:
3327:
164:
3638:
3592:
3418:
2412:
637:
Maclean, G.L. (1973). "A review of the biology of the
Australian desert waders, Stiltia and Peltohyas".
540:
411:
Inland dotterels prefer sparsely vegetated habitat with low cover of 200–400 mm (7.9–15.7 in)
271:
187:
2659:
1319:
584:
3462:
3392:
1839:
2699:
2167:
1742:
1543:
2595:
1489:
50:
3153:
2904:
2371:
2242:
1891:
1602:
3111:
3025:
2894:
2884:
2432:
1779:
1500:
1478:
469:
360:
227:
80:
3597:
3255:
3191:
2585:
2565:
2422:
2265:
1977:
1829:
1612:
1354:
3519:
3265:
3122:
2874:
1227:
Stranger, R.H.; Palma, R.L. (1988). "Lice (Insecta: Phthiraptera) from some
Australian birds".
925:
296:
collected an immature bird on one of his expeditions to the Australian interior and sent it to
3579:
3545:
3436:
3283:
2732:
2679:
2470:
2053:
1563:
1289:
1254:
1068:
929:
846:
812:
770:
348:
328:
2395:
2357:
2218:
432:
During the day the fleshy tips of desert shrubs are eaten. Inland dotterel have supraorbital
3584:
3035:
2915:
2668:
2575:
2333:
2027:
1468:
1253:. Melbourne: Victorian Government Department of Sustainability and Environment. p. 11.
1180:
1153:
1123:
1045:
1018:
989:
958:
917:
880:
800:
732:
698:
646:
579:
3405:
3379:
3566:
3008:
2326:
2157:
2071:
1444:
1429:
1386:
1310:
502:
376:
340:
259:
137:
808:
351:
and protein allozyme evidence. Most authorities currently recognize the monotypic genera
1344:
561:
3223:
2208:
2194:
2091:
1790:
767:
Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic Birds. Volume 2: Raptors to Lapwings
464:
3627:
3610:
3540:
2748:
2723:
2708:
2283:
2187:
2060:
2036:
1906:
1210:
1049:
918:
570:
293:
70:
65:
403:. It can be found in suitable habitat within this range in all the mainland states.
3441:
3232:
3174:
3160:
3056:
3042:
2823:
2759:
2488:
2477:
2347:
2310:
2292:
2253:
2080:
1934:
1923:
1899:
1799:
1626:
1578:
1332:
1089:
977:
494:
441:
320:
147:
3428:
485:
In the inland dotterel's sparse desert habitat there are few significant threats.
258:
bird of the arid Australian interior. It forms loose flocks in sparsely vegetated
3501:
3359:
3129:
3101:
3070:
3063:
2970:
2954:
2927:
2858:
2816:
2793:
2624:
2537:
2378:
1943:
1870:
1850:
1685:
1633:
1532:
720:
391:
3350:
801:
3605:
3243:
3205:
3087:
3001:
2838:
2775:
2768:
2631:
2504:
2446:
2439:
2299:
2272:
2232:
2225:
2201:
2100:
2043:
1984:
1967:
1960:
1950:
1879:
1753:
1619:
1553:
1511:
1417:
1348:
871:
Whitlock, F.L. (1909). "On the East Murchison. Four months' collecting trip".
523:
433:
297:
214:
204:
3273:
3136:
2963:
2641:
2364:
2178:
2133:
2012:
2005:
1998:
1991:
1859:
1810:
1718:
1665:
1645:
97:
1242:
The State of Victoria Department of Sustainability and Environment (2013).
3571:
1200:"Two new species of Quadraceps (Mallophaga: Philopteridae) from Australia"
994:
3344:
3198:
3167:
3143:
3080:
3015:
2936:
2809:
2453:
2340:
1913:
1762:
1522:
1405:
1339:
412:
255:
117:
17:
3480:
3387:
2985:
2943:
2802:
2688:
2606:
2549:
2497:
2319:
1819:
1588:
1423:
736:
368:
275:
Captive bird photographed at Healesville Sanctuary, Victoria, Australia
3506:
1184:
962:
702:
319:
The inland dotterel is one of over 60 shorebird species in the family
3290:
3181:
2847:
2741:
2615:
2460:
2402:
2385:
1769:
1399:
1157:
1127:
1022:
884:
650:
453:
445:
437:
107:
3454:
3321:
3449:
3094:
3049:
2994:
1411:
1090:"The drinking habits of Peltohyas australis (Australian dotterel)"
689:
Maclean, G.L. (1976). "A field study of the Australian Dotterel".
463:
390:
270:
1114:
Cooper, R.P. (1941). "A Trip in Central Australia in Midsummer".
3467:
3212:
2648:
127:
3325:
2535:
2131:
1716:
1442:
1358:
900:
Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia
803:
Shorebirds: An identification guide to the waders of the world
721:"Nocturnal feeding of the Inland Dotterel Peltohyas australis"
486:
449:
1144:
Boehm, E.F. (1960). "Notes on some South Australian waders".
1009:
Bryant, C.E. (1939). "A Note on the Australian Dotterel".
517:
Two parasitic lice have been recorded on inland dotterel,
1251:
Advisory List of Threatened Vertebrate Fauna in Victoria
769:. Melbourne: Oxford University Press. pp. 884–891.
335:) that does not exist. Some modern authors place it in
292:
The inland dotterel was first documented in 1840 after
1207:
Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington
3279:
3261:
3251:
3187:
3149:
3118:
3107:
3076:
3031:
3021:
2910:
2900:
2890:
2880:
2870:
2790:
2637:
2591:
2581:
2571:
2561:
2466:
2428:
2418:
2408:
2391:
2353:
2261:
2238:
2214:
2163:
2153:
2049:
1973:
1956:
1919:
1887:
1835:
1825:
1775:
1738:
1599:
1575:
1559:
1549:
1539:
1528:
1518:
1506:
1496:
1485:
1474:
1464:
1063:
Blakers, M.; Davies, S.J.J.F.; Reilly, P.N. (1984).
3334:
3242:
3222:
2984:
2953:
2926:
2857:
2837:
2789:
2758:
2731:
2722:
2698:
2678:
2658:
2614:
2605:
2548:
2487:
2309:
2282:
2252:
2177:
2144:
2090:
2070:
2026:
1933:
1878:
1869:
1849:
1809:
1789:
1752:
1729:
1684:
1664:
1644:
1598:
1574:
1455:
1286:National Photographic Index of Australian Wildlife
585:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22693936A93430920.en
493:) have been observed predating eggs and young.
375:) of New Zealand. The Australian ornithologist
1370:
799:Hayman, P.; Marchant, J.; Prater, T. (1986).
8:
978:"A reference list to the birds of Australia"
920:Systematics and Taxonomy of Australian Birds
3322:
2863:
2728:
2611:
2554:
2545:
2532:
2141:
2128:
1875:
1726:
1713:
1452:
1439:
1377:
1363:
1355:
213:
59:
40:
31:
1067:. Melbourne: Melbourne University Press.
993:
583:
355:for the inland dotterel. Baker supported
1229:Records of the Western Australian Museum
1288:. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. 1987.
552:
509:) have been observed attacking adults.
327:supposed a generic relationship to the
1139:
1137:
911:
909:
845:. Melbourne: Nelson. pp. 76–77.
684:
682:
680:
7:
916:Christidis, L.; Boles, W.E. (2008).
866:
864:
862:
836:
834:
832:
830:
828:
794:
792:
790:
788:
786:
765:Marchant, S.; Higgins, P.J. (1993).
760:
758:
756:
754:
752:
750:
748:
746:
714:
712:
678:
676:
674:
672:
670:
668:
666:
664:
662:
660:
632:
630:
628:
626:
624:
622:
620:
456:have been recorded in gut contents.
3634:IUCN Red List least concern species
3494:inland-dotterel-peltohyas-australis
1345:Audio recordings of Inland dotterel
1198:Emerson, K.C.; Price, R.D. (1986).
1038:Journal of Environmental Management
571:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
395:Gibber plains, Sturt National Park
25:
3305:
2518:
2114:
1270:from the original on 2014-02-03.
468:Photo of nest site with eggs by
222:Distribution of inland dotterel
84:
1311:BirdLife species factsheet for
560:BirdLife International (2016).
1094:South Australian Ornithologist
1:
1065:The Atlas of Australian birds
951:Australian Journal of Zoology
924:. Australia: CSIRO. pp.
401:100mm summer rainfall isohyet
1050:10.1016/0301-4797(90)90025-r
339:most closely related to the
316:of the southern continent).
1282:The Shorebirds of Australia
300:. Gould initially named it
3670:
3644:Endemic birds of Australia
3302:
2866:
2557:
2544:
2531:
2516:
2140:
2127:
2112:
1725:
1712:
1451:
1438:
1394:
1333:Interactive range map of
807:. London: Helm. pp.
233:
226:
221:
212:
193:
186:
81:Scientific classification
79:
57:
48:
39:
34:
3654:Taxa named by John Gould
1389:and their extinct allies
1325:Internet Bird Collection
578:: e.T22693936A93430920.
379:proposed the subspecies
288:Taxonomy and systematics
3649:Birds described in 1841
1320:"Inland dotterel media"
843:Shorebirds in Australia
719:McNamara, J.A. (1980).
472:, East Murchison, 1909.
976:Mathews, G.M. (1912).
473:
396:
381:C. australis whitlocki
276:
3593:Paleobiology Database
1088:McGilp, J.N. (1922).
995:10.5962/bhl.part.1694
607:"Peltohyas australis"
467:
419:Behaviour and ecology
394:
373:Anaryhnchus frontalis
294:Captain Charles Sturt
274:
982:Novitates Zoologicae
236:Charadrius australis
3611:Peltohyas-australis
3380:Peltohyas_australis
3366:Peltohyas australis
3336:Peltohyas australis
1335:Peltohyas australis
1313:Peltohyas australis
564:Peltohyas australis
365:Erythrogons cinctus
325:Eudromias australis
302:Eudromias australis
251:Peltohyas australis
197:Peltohyas australis
51:Conservation status
2660:Synthliboramphini
1340:IUCN Red List maps
737:10.1071/MU9800039c
474:
397:
377:Gregory M. Mathews
361:red-kneed dotterel
277:
3621:
3620:
3580:Open Tree of Life
3328:Taxon identifiers
3319:
3318:
3315:
3314:
3300:
3299:
2980:
2979:
2833:
2832:
2785:
2784:
2718:
2717:
2527:
2526:
2514:
2513:
2123:
2122:
2110:
2109:
2022:
2021:
1708:
1707:
1704:
1703:
1260:978-1-74287-504-0
1185:10.1071/MU9790176
963:10.1071/ZO9920225
935:978-0-643-09602-8
841:Lane, B. (1987).
703:10.1071/MU9760207
507:Falco cenchroides
329:Eurasian dotterel
242:
241:
179:P. australis
168:
74:
16:(Redirected from
3661:
3614:
3613:
3601:
3600:
3588:
3587:
3575:
3574:
3562:
3561:
3549:
3548:
3536:
3535:
3523:
3522:
3510:
3509:
3497:
3496:
3484:
3483:
3471:
3470:
3458:
3457:
3445:
3444:
3432:
3431:
3422:
3421:
3409:
3408:
3396:
3395:
3393:C1DC658FF498BC38
3383:
3382:
3370:
3369:
3368:
3355:
3354:
3353:
3323:
3310:
3309:
3281:
3263:
3253:
3189:
3151:
3120:
3109:
3078:
3033:
3023:
2912:
2902:
2892:
2882:
2872:
2864:
2792:
2729:
2669:Synthliboramphus
2639:
2612:
2593:
2583:
2576:Hydrotherikornis
2573:
2563:
2555:
2546:
2533:
2522:
2468:
2430:
2420:
2410:
2393:
2355:
2263:
2240:
2216:
2165:
2155:
2142:
2129:
2118:
2051:
2028:Recurvirostridae
1975:
1958:
1921:
1889:
1876:
1837:
1827:
1777:
1740:
1727:
1714:
1601:
1577:
1561:
1551:
1541:
1530:
1520:
1508:
1498:
1487:
1476:
1469:Charadriisimilis
1466:
1453:
1440:
1379:
1372:
1365:
1356:
1329:
1299:
1272:
1271:
1269:
1248:
1239:
1233:
1232:
1224:
1218:
1217:
1215:
1209:. Archived from
1204:
1195:
1189:
1188:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1158:10.1071/MU960211
1141:
1132:
1131:
1128:10.1071/MU941101
1111:
1105:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1085:
1079:
1078:
1060:
1054:
1053:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1023:10.1071/MU939153
1006:
1000:
999:
997:
973:
967:
966:
946:
940:
939:
923:
913:
904:
903:
895:
889:
888:
885:10.1071/MU909181
868:
857:
856:
838:
823:
822:
806:
796:
781:
780:
762:
741:
740:
716:
707:
706:
686:
655:
654:
651:10.1071/MU973061
634:
615:
614:
603:
597:
596:
594:
592:
587:
557:
304:(from the Greek
217:
199:
163:
89:
88:
68:
63:
62:
44:
35:Inland dotterel
32:
21:
3669:
3668:
3664:
3663:
3662:
3660:
3659:
3658:
3624:
3623:
3622:
3617:
3609:
3604:
3596:
3591:
3583:
3578:
3570:
3567:Observation.org
3565:
3557:
3552:
3544:
3539:
3531:
3526:
3518:
3513:
3505:
3500:
3492:
3487:
3479:
3474:
3466:
3461:
3453:
3448:
3440:
3435:
3427:
3425:
3417:
3412:
3404:
3399:
3391:
3386:
3378:
3373:
3364:
3363:
3358:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3330:
3320:
3311:
3304:
3296:
3238:
3218:
3009:Chroicocephalus
2976:
2949:
2922:
2853:
2829:
2781:
2754:
2714:
2694:
2674:
2654:
2601:
2540:
2523:
2510:
2483:
2305:
2278:
2248:
2173:
2136:
2119:
2106:
2086:
2072:Ibidorhynchidae
2066:
2018:
1929:
1865:
1845:
1805:
1785:
1748:
1721:
1700:
1680:
1660:
1640:
1594:
1570:
1447:
1445:Charadriiformes
1434:
1430:Charadriiformes
1390:
1383:
1318:
1307:
1302:
1296:
1280:
1276:
1275:
1267:
1261:
1246:
1241:
1240:
1236:
1226:
1225:
1221:
1213:
1202:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1143:
1142:
1135:
1113:
1112:
1108:
1098:
1096:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1075:
1062:
1061:
1057:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1008:
1007:
1003:
975:
974:
970:
948:
947:
943:
936:
915:
914:
907:
897:
896:
892:
870:
869:
860:
853:
840:
839:
826:
819:
798:
797:
784:
777:
764:
763:
744:
718:
717:
710:
688:
687:
658:
636:
635:
618:
605:
604:
600:
590:
588:
559:
558:
554:
549:
533:
515:
503:nankeen kestrel
483:
462:
430:
421:
409:
389:
341:oriental plover
290:
269:
246:inland dotterel
208:
201:
195:
182:
162:
138:Charadriiformes
83:
75:
64:
60:
53:
28:
27:Species of bird
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3667:
3665:
3657:
3656:
3651:
3646:
3641:
3636:
3626:
3625:
3619:
3618:
3616:
3615:
3602:
3589:
3576:
3563:
3550:
3537:
3524:
3511:
3498:
3485:
3472:
3459:
3446:
3433:
3423:
3410:
3397:
3384:
3371:
3356:
3340:
3338:
3332:
3331:
3326:
3317:
3316:
3313:
3312:
3303:
3301:
3298:
3297:
3295:
3294:
3287:
3277:
3270:
3259:
3248:
3246:
3240:
3239:
3237:
3236:
3228:
3226:
3224:Stercorariidae
3220:
3219:
3217:
3216:
3209:
3202:
3195:
3185:
3178:
3171:
3164:
3157:
3147:
3140:
3133:
3126:
3116:
3105:
3098:
3091:
3084:
3074:
3067:
3060:
3053:
3046:
3039:
3029:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2990:
2988:
2982:
2981:
2978:
2977:
2975:
2974:
2967:
2959:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2940:
2932:
2930:
2924:
2923:
2921:
2920:
2908:
2898:
2888:
2878:
2867:
2861:
2855:
2854:
2852:
2851:
2843:
2841:
2835:
2834:
2831:
2830:
2828:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2806:
2798:
2796:
2787:
2786:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2779:
2772:
2764:
2762:
2756:
2755:
2753:
2752:
2745:
2737:
2735:
2726:
2720:
2719:
2716:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2704:
2702:
2700:Brachyramphini
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2684:
2682:
2676:
2675:
2673:
2672:
2664:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2645:
2635:
2628:
2620:
2618:
2609:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2599:
2589:
2579:
2569:
2558:
2552:
2542:
2541:
2536:
2529:
2528:
2525:
2524:
2517:
2515:
2512:
2511:
2509:
2508:
2501:
2493:
2491:
2485:
2484:
2482:
2481:
2474:
2464:
2457:
2450:
2443:
2436:
2426:
2416:
2406:
2399:
2389:
2382:
2375:
2368:
2361:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2330:
2323:
2315:
2313:
2307:
2306:
2304:
2303:
2296:
2288:
2286:
2280:
2279:
2277:
2276:
2269:
2258:
2256:
2250:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2236:
2229:
2222:
2212:
2205:
2198:
2195:Hydrophasianus
2191:
2183:
2181:
2175:
2174:
2172:
2171:
2168:Scolopacimilis
2161:
2150:
2148:
2146:incertae sedis
2138:
2137:
2132:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2107:
2105:
2104:
2096:
2094:
2092:Haematopodidae
2088:
2087:
2085:
2084:
2076:
2074:
2068:
2067:
2065:
2064:
2057:
2047:
2040:
2032:
2030:
2024:
2023:
2020:
2019:
2017:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1995:
1988:
1981:
1971:
1964:
1954:
1947:
1939:
1937:
1931:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1917:
1910:
1903:
1896:
1884:
1882:
1873:
1867:
1866:
1864:
1863:
1855:
1853:
1847:
1846:
1844:
1843:
1833:
1823:
1815:
1813:
1807:
1806:
1804:
1803:
1795:
1793:
1791:Pluvianellidae
1787:
1786:
1784:
1783:
1773:
1766:
1758:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1746:
1743:Cherevychnavis
1735:
1733:
1731:incertae sedis
1723:
1722:
1717:
1710:
1709:
1706:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1690:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1679:
1678:
1677:
1676:
1670:
1668:
1662:
1661:
1659:
1658:
1657:
1656:
1650:
1648:
1642:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1630:
1623:
1616:
1608:
1606:
1596:
1595:
1593:
1592:
1584:
1582:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1557:
1547:
1544:Sarjeantopodus
1537:
1526:
1516:
1504:
1494:
1483:
1472:
1461:
1459:
1457:incertae sedis
1449:
1448:
1443:
1436:
1435:
1433:
1432:
1426:
1420:
1414:
1408:
1402:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1384:
1382:
1381:
1374:
1367:
1359:
1353:
1352:
1342:
1330:
1316:
1306:
1305:External links
1303:
1301:
1300:
1294:
1277:
1274:
1273:
1259:
1234:
1219:
1216:on 2016-03-04.
1190:
1163:
1152:(3): 211–218.
1133:
1122:(2): 101–111.
1106:
1080:
1073:
1055:
1044:(4): 295–320.
1028:
1017:(3): 153–155.
1001:
968:
941:
934:
905:
890:
858:
851:
824:
817:
782:
775:
742:
708:
697:(4): 207–215.
656:
616:
598:
551:
550:
548:
545:
532:
529:
514:
511:
499:Falco subniger
482:
479:
461:
458:
429:
426:
420:
417:
408:
405:
388:
385:
312:, runner, and
289:
286:
268:
265:
240:
239:
231:
230:
224:
223:
219:
218:
210:
209:
202:
191:
190:
184:
183:
176:
174:
170:
169:
155:
151:
150:
145:
141:
140:
135:
131:
130:
125:
121:
120:
115:
111:
110:
105:
101:
100:
95:
91:
90:
77:
76:
58:
55:
54:
49:
46:
45:
37:
36:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3666:
3655:
3652:
3650:
3647:
3645:
3642:
3640:
3637:
3635:
3632:
3631:
3629:
3612:
3607:
3603:
3599:
3594:
3590:
3586:
3581:
3577:
3573:
3568:
3564:
3560:
3555:
3551:
3547:
3542:
3538:
3534:
3529:
3525:
3521:
3516:
3512:
3508:
3503:
3499:
3495:
3490:
3486:
3482:
3477:
3473:
3469:
3464:
3460:
3456:
3451:
3447:
3443:
3438:
3434:
3430:
3424:
3420:
3415:
3411:
3407:
3402:
3398:
3394:
3389:
3385:
3381:
3376:
3372:
3367:
3361:
3357:
3352:
3346:
3342:
3341:
3339:
3337:
3333:
3329:
3324:
3308:
3293:
3292:
3288:
3286:
3285:
3278:
3276:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3267:
3260:
3258:
3257:
3250:
3249:
3247:
3245:
3241:
3235:
3234:
3230:
3229:
3227:
3225:
3221:
3215:
3214:
3210:
3208:
3207:
3203:
3201:
3200:
3196:
3194:
3193:
3186:
3184:
3183:
3179:
3177:
3176:
3172:
3170:
3169:
3165:
3163:
3162:
3158:
3156:
3155:
3148:
3146:
3145:
3141:
3139:
3138:
3134:
3132:
3131:
3127:
3125:
3124:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3106:
3104:
3103:
3099:
3097:
3096:
3092:
3090:
3089:
3085:
3083:
3082:
3075:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3066:
3065:
3061:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3052:
3051:
3047:
3045:
3044:
3040:
3038:
3037:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2987:
2983:
2973:
2972:
2968:
2966:
2965:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2956:
2952:
2946:
2945:
2941:
2939:
2938:
2934:
2933:
2931:
2929:
2925:
2918:
2917:
2909:
2907:
2906:
2899:
2897:
2896:
2889:
2887:
2886:
2879:
2877:
2876:
2869:
2868:
2865:
2862:
2860:
2856:
2850:
2849:
2845:
2844:
2842:
2840:
2836:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2819:
2818:
2814:
2812:
2811:
2807:
2805:
2804:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2788:
2778:
2777:
2773:
2771:
2770:
2766:
2765:
2763:
2761:
2757:
2751:
2750:
2749:Ptychoramphus
2746:
2744:
2743:
2739:
2738:
2736:
2734:
2730:
2727:
2725:
2724:Fraterculinae
2721:
2711:
2710:
2709:Brachyramphus
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2685:
2683:
2681:
2677:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2636:
2634:
2633:
2629:
2627:
2626:
2622:
2621:
2619:
2617:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2604:
2598:
2597:
2596:Pseudocepphus
2590:
2588:
2587:
2580:
2578:
2577:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2560:
2559:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2547:
2543:
2539:
2534:
2530:
2521:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2492:
2490:
2486:
2480:
2479:
2475:
2473:
2472:
2465:
2463:
2462:
2458:
2456:
2455:
2451:
2449:
2448:
2444:
2442:
2441:
2437:
2435:
2434:
2427:
2425:
2424:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2390:
2388:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2380:
2376:
2374:
2373:
2369:
2367:
2366:
2362:
2360:
2359:
2352:
2350:
2349:
2345:
2343:
2342:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2331:
2329:
2328:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2308:
2302:
2301:
2297:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2284:Rostratulidae
2281:
2275:
2274:
2270:
2268:
2267:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2255:
2251:
2245:
2244:
2237:
2235:
2234:
2230:
2228:
2227:
2223:
2221:
2220:
2213:
2211:
2210:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2199:
2197:
2196:
2192:
2190:
2189:
2188:Actophilornis
2185:
2184:
2182:
2180:
2176:
2170:
2169:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2152:
2151:
2149:
2147:
2143:
2139:
2135:
2130:
2126:
2117:
2103:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2095:
2093:
2089:
2083:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2073:
2069:
2063:
2062:
2061:Recurvirostra
2058:
2056:
2055:
2048:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2039:
2038:
2037:Cladorhynchus
2034:
2033:
2031:
2029:
2025:
2015:
2014:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2003:
2001:
2000:
1996:
1994:
1993:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1982:
1980:
1979:
1972:
1970:
1969:
1965:
1963:
1962:
1955:
1953:
1952:
1948:
1946:
1945:
1941:
1940:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1926:
1925:
1918:
1916:
1915:
1911:
1909:
1908:
1907:Hoploxypterus
1904:
1902:
1901:
1897:
1894:
1893:
1886:
1885:
1883:
1881:
1877:
1874:
1872:
1868:
1862:
1861:
1857:
1856:
1854:
1852:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1834:
1832:
1831:
1824:
1822:
1821:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1808:
1802:
1801:
1797:
1796:
1794:
1792:
1788:
1782:
1781:
1774:
1772:
1771:
1767:
1765:
1764:
1760:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1745:
1744:
1737:
1736:
1734:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1720:
1715:
1711:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1674:
1673:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1663:
1654:
1653:
1652:
1651:
1649:
1647:
1643:
1636:
1635:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1624:
1622:
1621:
1617:
1615:
1614:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1604:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1580:
1573:
1566:
1565:
1558:
1556:
1555:
1548:
1546:
1545:
1538:
1535:
1534:
1527:
1525:
1524:
1517:
1514:
1513:
1505:
1503:
1502:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1490:Fluviatitavis
1484:
1481:
1480:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1462:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1446:
1441:
1437:
1431:
1427:
1425:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1413:
1409:
1407:
1403:
1401:
1397:
1396:
1393:
1388:
1380:
1375:
1373:
1368:
1366:
1361:
1360:
1357:
1350:
1346:
1343:
1341:
1337:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1321:
1317:
1315:
1314:
1309:
1308:
1304:
1297:
1295:0-207-15348-5
1291:
1287:
1283:
1279:
1278:
1266:
1262:
1256:
1252:
1245:
1238:
1235:
1230:
1223:
1220:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1194:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1167:
1164:
1159:
1155:
1151:
1147:
1140:
1138:
1134:
1129:
1125:
1121:
1117:
1110:
1107:
1095:
1091:
1084:
1081:
1076:
1074:0-522-84285-2
1070:
1066:
1059:
1056:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1032:
1029:
1024:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1005:
1002:
996:
991:
987:
983:
979:
972:
969:
964:
960:
956:
952:
945:
942:
937:
931:
927:
922:
921:
912:
910:
906:
901:
894:
891:
886:
882:
878:
874:
867:
865:
863:
859:
854:
852:0-17-006824-2
848:
844:
837:
835:
833:
831:
829:
825:
820:
818:0-7136-3509-6
814:
810:
805:
804:
795:
793:
791:
789:
787:
783:
778:
776:0-19-553069-1
772:
768:
761:
759:
757:
755:
753:
751:
749:
747:
743:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
715:
713:
709:
704:
700:
696:
692:
685:
683:
681:
679:
677:
675:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
657:
652:
648:
644:
640:
633:
631:
629:
627:
625:
623:
621:
617:
612:
608:
602:
599:
586:
581:
577:
573:
572:
567:
565:
556:
553:
546:
544:
542:
541:least concern
538:
530:
528:
527:
526:neoaustralis.
525:
520:
519:Austromenopon
512:
510:
508:
504:
500:
496:
492:
491:Vulpes vulpes
488:
480:
478:
471:
466:
459:
457:
455:
451:
447:
443:
439:
435:
427:
425:
418:
416:
414:
406:
404:
402:
393:
386:
384:
382:
378:
374:
370:
366:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
334:
333:E. morinellus
330:
326:
322:
317:
315:
311:
307:
303:
299:
295:
287:
285:
281:
273:
266:
264:
261:
257:
253:
252:
247:
238:
237:
232:
229:
225:
220:
216:
211:
206:
200:
198:
192:
189:
188:Binomial name
185:
181:
180:
175:
172:
171:
166:
161:
160:
156:
153:
152:
149:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
123:
122:
119:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
96:
93:
92:
87:
82:
78:
72:
67:
66:Least Concern
56:
52:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3639:Charadriinae
3335:
3289:
3282:
3272:
3264:
3254:
3233:Stercorarius
3231:
3211:
3204:
3197:
3190:
3180:
3173:
3166:
3161:Rhodostethia
3159:
3154:Pseudosterna
3152:
3142:
3135:
3128:
3121:
3110:
3100:
3093:
3086:
3079:
3069:
3062:
3057:Hydrocoloeus
3055:
3048:
3043:Gelochelidon
3041:
3034:
3024:
3014:
3007:
3000:
2993:
2969:
2962:
2942:
2935:
2914:
2905:Paractiornis
2903:
2893:
2883:
2873:
2846:
2824:Praemancalla
2822:
2815:
2808:
2801:
2774:
2767:
2760:Fraterculini
2747:
2740:
2707:
2687:
2667:
2647:
2640:
2630:
2623:
2594:
2584:
2574:
2564:
2503:
2496:
2489:Thinocoridae
2476:
2469:
2459:
2452:
2445:
2438:
2431:
2421:
2411:
2401:
2394:
2384:
2377:
2372:Limnocryptes
2370:
2363:
2356:
2348:Coenocorypha
2346:
2339:
2332:
2325:
2318:
2311:Scolopacidae
2298:
2293:Nycticryphes
2291:
2271:
2264:
2254:Pedionomidae
2243:Nupharanassa
2241:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2207:
2200:
2193:
2186:
2166:
2156:
2145:
2099:
2081:Ibidorhyncha
2079:
2059:
2052:
2042:
2035:
2011:
2004:
1997:
1990:
1983:
1976:
1966:
1959:
1949:
1942:
1935:Charadriinae
1922:
1912:
1905:
1900:Erythrogonys
1898:
1892:Dolicopterus
1890:
1858:
1838:
1828:
1818:
1800:Pluvianellus
1798:
1778:
1768:
1761:
1741:
1730:
1632:
1627:Palaeotringa
1625:
1618:
1611:
1603:Graculavidae
1587:
1579:Laornithidae
1562:
1552:
1542:
1531:
1521:
1510:
1499:
1488:
1477:
1467:
1456:
1416:Infraclass:
1334:
1323:
1312:
1281:
1250:
1237:
1228:
1222:
1211:the original
1206:
1193:
1176:
1172:
1166:
1149:
1145:
1119:
1115:
1109:
1097:. Retrieved
1093:
1083:
1064:
1058:
1041:
1037:
1031:
1014:
1010:
1004:
985:
981:
971:
954:
950:
944:
919:
899:
893:
876:
872:
842:
802:
766:
728:
724:
694:
690:
645:(2): 61–70.
642:
638:
610:
601:
589:. Retrieved
575:
569:
563:
555:
534:
531:Conservation
522:
518:
516:
506:
498:
495:Black falcon
490:
484:
475:
442:grasshoppers
431:
422:
410:
398:
387:Distribution
380:
372:
364:
356:
352:
344:
336:
332:
324:
321:Charadriidae
318:
313:
309:
308:, good, and
305:
301:
291:
282:
278:
260:gibber plain
250:
249:
245:
243:
235:
234:
196:
194:
178:
177:
158:
157:
148:Charadriidae
29:
3502:iNaturalist
3360:Wikispecies
3130:Onychoprion
3112:Limicolavis
3102:Leucophaeus
3071:Ichthyaetus
3064:Hydroprogne
3026:Feducciavis
2971:Rhinoptilus
2955:Glareolinae
2928:Glareolinae
2895:Mioglareola
2885:Boutersemia
2859:Glareolidae
2817:Miomancalla
2794:Mancallinae
2433:Parvelorius
2379:Limnodromus
1944:Anarhynchus
1871:Pluvianidae
1851:Pluvianidae
1780:Genucrassum
1695:See below ↓
1675:See below ↓
1655:See below ↓
1634:Telmatornis
1533:Palintropus
1501:Jiliniornis
1479:Eupterornis
988:: 171–446.
591:13 November
434:salt glands
337:Charadrius,
267:Description
3628:Categories
3606:Xeno-canto
3256:Cerestenia
3244:Turnicidae
3206:Thalasseus
3192:Sternalara
3088:Larosterna
3002:Chlidonias
2839:Dromadidae
2776:Fratercula
2769:Cerorhinca
2586:Miocepphus
2566:Divisulcus
2505:Thinocorus
2447:Prosobonia
2440:Phalaropus
2423:Paractitis
2300:Rostratula
2273:Pedionomus
2266:Oligonomus
2233:Microparra
2226:Metopidius
2202:Irediparra
2101:Haematopus
2044:Himantopus
1985:Oreopholus
1978:Jilniornis
1968:Elseyornis
1961:Dorypaltus
1951:Charadrius
1880:Vanellinae
1830:Chionoides
1754:Burhinidae
1620:Graculavus
1613:Dakotornis
1554:Scandiavis
1512:Morsoravis
1418:Neognathae
1387:shorebirds
1385:Genera of
1349:Xeno-canto
1179:(4): 176.
1099:16 October
957:(2): 225.
547:References
524:Quadraceps
367:) and the
345:C. veredus
314:australis,
298:John Gould
3274:Ortyxelos
3266:Eocliffia
3137:Pagophila
3123:Limosavis
2964:Cursorius
2916:Precursor
2875:Becassius
2642:Pinguinus
2365:Gallinago
2334:Bartramia
2179:Jacanidae
2134:Scolopaci
2013:Thinornis
2006:Pluvialis
1999:Phegornis
1992:Peltohyas
1860:Pluvianus
1811:Chionidae
1719:Charadrii
1666:Scolopaci
1646:Charadrii
1398:Kingdom:
731:: 39–40.
513:Parasites
357:Peltohyas
353:Peltohyas
173:Species:
159:Peltohyas
104:Kingdom:
98:Eukaryota
18:Peltohyas
3546:22693936
3520:10955793
3406:22693936
3401:BirdLife
3351:Q1124403
3345:Wikidata
3284:Turnipax
3199:Sternula
3168:Rynchops
3144:Phaetusa
3081:Laricola
3016:Creagrus
2937:Glareola
2810:Mancalla
2733:Aethiini
2680:Cepphini
2471:Villetus
2454:Scolopax
2403:Numenius
2341:Calidris
2327:Arenaria
2054:Kashinia
1914:Vanellus
1763:Burhinus
1564:Volgavis
1523:Nahmavis
1406:Chordata
1404:Phylum:
1400:Animalia
1265:Archived
521:sp. and
470:Whitlock
460:Breeding
413:saltbush
254:) is an
228:Synonyms
144:Family:
118:Chordata
114:Phylum:
108:Animalia
94:Domain:
71:IUCN 3.1
3481:2480338
3468:1049130
3455:inldot2
3429:inldot2
3388:Avibase
3036:Gaviota
2986:Laridae
2944:Stiltia
2803:Alcodes
2689:Cepphus
2607:Alcinae
2550:Alcidae
2498:Attagis
2413:Nuntius
2396:Mirolia
2358:Elorius
2320:Actitis
2219:Janipes
2158:Hakawai
1820:Chionis
1589:Laornis
1428:Order:
1424:Neoaves
1422:Clade:
1410:Class:
1244:"Birds"
879:: 181.
611:Avibase
481:Threats
454:earwigs
446:beetles
438:spiders
407:Habitat
369:wrybill
256:endemic
207:, 1841)
154:Genus:
134:Order:
124:Class:
69: (
3598:428625
3585:112948
3572:156922
3533:176768
3507:144488
3291:Turnix
3182:Sterna
2848:Dromas
2742:Aethia
2616:Alcini
2461:Tringa
2386:Limosa
2209:Jacana
1924:Viator
1840:Neilus
1770:Esacus
1292:
1257:
1071:
932:
928:–135.
902:(109).
849:
815:
811:–309.
773:
501:) and
310:dromos
167:, 1896
165:Sharpe
3559:50393
3515:IRMNG
3450:eBird
3442:76FTP
3426:BOW:
3419:88221
3175:Rissa
3095:Larus
3050:Gygis
2995:Anous
2478:Xenus
1268:(PDF)
1247:(PDF)
1231:(19).
1214:(PDF)
1203:(PDF)
487:Foxes
349:mtDNA
347:) on
205:Gould
3554:NCBI
3541:IUCN
3528:ITIS
3476:GBIF
3414:BOLD
3213:Xema
2649:Uria
2632:Alle
2625:Alca
2538:Lari
1686:Lari
1412:Aves
1290:ISBN
1255:ISBN
1101:2015
1069:ISBN
930:ISBN
847:ISBN
813:ISBN
771:ISBN
593:2021
576:2016
537:IUCN
452:and
450:ants
428:Food
244:The
128:Aves
3489:IBC
3463:EoL
3437:CoL
3375:AFD
1347:on
1338:at
1181:doi
1173:Emu
1154:doi
1146:Emu
1124:doi
1116:Emu
1046:doi
1019:doi
1011:Emu
990:doi
959:doi
926:133
881:doi
873:Emu
809:308
733:doi
725:Emu
699:doi
691:Emu
647:doi
639:Emu
580:doi
539:is
3630::
3608::
3595::
3582::
3569::
3556::
3543::
3530::
3517::
3504::
3491::
3478::
3465::
3452::
3439::
3416::
3403::
3390::
3377::
3362::
3347::
2919:"?
1322:.
1284:.
1263:.
1249:.
1205:.
1177:79
1175:.
1150:60
1148:.
1136:^
1120:41
1118:.
1092:.
1042:30
1040:.
1015:39
1013:.
986:18
984:.
980:.
955:40
953:.
908:^
875:.
861:^
827:^
785:^
745:^
729:80
727:.
723:.
711:^
695:76
693:.
659:^
643:73
641:.
619:^
609:.
574:.
568:.
448:,
444:,
440:,
306:eu
3280:†
3269:?
3262:†
3252:†
3188:†
3150:†
3119:†
3115:?
3108:†
3077:†
3032:†
3022:†
2913:"
2911:†
2901:†
2891:†
2881:†
2871:†
2791:†
2638:†
2592:†
2582:†
2572:†
2562:†
2467:†
2429:†
2419:†
2409:†
2392:†
2354:†
2262:†
2239:†
2215:†
2164:†
2154:†
2050:†
1974:†
1957:†
1920:†
1895:?
1888:†
1836:†
1826:†
1776:†
1739:†
1637:?
1605:?
1600:†
1581:?
1576:†
1567:?
1560:†
1550:†
1540:†
1536:?
1529:†
1519:†
1515:"
1509:"
1507:†
1497:†
1493:?
1486:†
1482:?
1475:†
1465:†
1378:e
1371:t
1364:v
1351:.
1328:.
1298:.
1187:.
1183::
1160:.
1156::
1130:.
1126::
1103:.
1077:.
1052:.
1048::
1025:.
1021::
998:.
992::
965:.
961::
938:.
887:.
883::
877:9
855:.
821:.
779:.
739:.
735::
705:.
701::
653:.
649::
613:.
595:.
582::
566:"
562:"
505:(
497:(
489:(
371:(
363:(
343:(
331:(
248:(
203:(
73:)
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
