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36:. Given that resistance develops concurrent with application, a more complex way of dealing with the problem is needed than simply using or not using a particular pesticide. A refuge encourages the overall population to maintain a lower prevalence of resistance by segmenting them into two populations: The population receiving the pesticide and the pesticide-free population. Over time the population that suffers pesticide application will evolve resistance - and more widespread resistance. Meanwhile, the other will continue to be pesticide-naive.
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the trick here is that a larger proportion of the main population will die off - allowing the pesticide-naive genetics to more successfully reproduce within the overall area, and thus to dominate the overall population.
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Hurley, Terrance M.; Babcock, Bruce A.; Hellmich, Richard L. (July 2001). "BT CORN AND INSECT RESISTANCE: AN ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF REFUGES".
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Desneux, Nicolas; Fauvergue, Xavier; Dechaume-Moncharmont, FranÇois-Xavier; Kerhoas, Lucien; Ballanger, Yannick; Kaiser, Laure (2005-02-01).
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Qaim, Matin; de Janvry, Alain (2005). "Bt cotton and pesticide use in
Argentina: economic and environmental effects".
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Alstad, D. N.; Andow, D. A. (1995-06-30). "Managing the
Evolution of Insect Resistance to Transgenic Plants".
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28:. In this technique two adjacent pieces of land are demarcated, and one is
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Refugia are commonly used today especially to maintain effectiveness in
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Populations After
Applications of Deltamethrin in Oilseed Rape"
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531:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
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417:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
382:University of California, Berkeley
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99:Journal of Economic Entomology
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324:10.1126/science.268.5219.1894
20:is a countermeasure against
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184:10.1017/s1355770x04001883
30:applied with a pesticide
108:Oxford University Press
527:-related article is a
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32:and one is not - the
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22:pesticide resistance
608:Ecological genetics
386:. 3 September 2021.
316:1995Sci...268.1894A
310:(AAAS): 1894–1896.
603:Agricultural pests
598:Population ecology
117:10.1093/jee/98.1.9
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244:: 176–194.
26:agriculture
18:refuge area
583:Pesticides
572:Categories
56:References
48:-modified
525:evolution
384:Evolution
332:0036-8075
266:1068-5502
258:2327-8285
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