1072:
824:
On 26 November 2015, the
Minister of Education and Culture issue a ministerial regulation about spelling system. For the first time, the term "Indonesian spelling system" was used. There were only minor changes compared to previous updates including the addition of a new
1259:
Keputusan Kepala Badan
Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa Kementerian Pendidikan, Kebudayaan, Riset, dan Teknologi Republik Indonesia Nomor 0424/I/BS.00.01/2022 Tentang Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia Yang Disempurnakan
1073:
Surat
Keputusan Menteri Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan RI Nomor: 0196/U/1975 tentang Peresmian Berlakunya "Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Disempurnakan" dan "Pedoman Umum Pembentukan Istilah" di Seluruh
1159:
864:
On 16 August 2022, in time for the spelling system's fiftieth anniversary, new update for the spelling system was issued. It restored the term "Perfected
Spelling of the Indonesian Language" (
798:
On 9 September 1987, the
Minister of Education and Culture issued a ministerial decree which updated the previous spelling system and which remained valid for 22 years.
75:
1076:[General Guidelines for the Enhanced Indonesian Spelling System] (Ministerial Decree 0196/U/1975) (in Indonesian). Minister of Education and Culture. 1975.
112:
issued a decree which provided a detailed explanation of the changes in the new system and marked the official use of the EYD system. It was formerly known as the
109:
1262:
1183:
1238:
667:
number "2" as used in the
Republican Spelling is no longer valid. The practice remains common in informal usage such as in text messaging.
723:
Exceptions mostly come from proper nouns. Many personal names, particularly of younger people, do not follow the orthographic rules (see
1306:
440:
Letters that had previously been included in the
Republican Spelling as foreign loan letters are officially used in the EYD Spelling.
108:
on the previous day. Government departments were instructed to begin using the EYD system on 1 January 1973. On 27 August 1975, the
983:
877:
350:
172:
1207:
836:
808:
104:. The new EYD system, adopted on the 27th anniversary of Indonesia's independence on 17 August 1972, was decreed by President
1035:
844:
1221:
801:
On 31 July 2009, the
Minister of National Education issued a decree outlining further changes. The update included optional
926:
739:
214:
1296:
1258:
921:
256:
81:
392:
1301:
976:
Papers from the
Conference on the Standardisation of Asian Languages, Manila, Philippines, 16-21 December 1974
1208:
Kepmendikbud RI No. 0543a/u/1987 Tentang
Penyempurnaan Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Disempurnakan
1052:
Keputusan Presiden No. 57 Tahun 1972 tentang Peresmian Berlakunya "Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Disempurnakan"
575:
1051:
742:) and other eccentric letters. However, a few may also come from other parts of speech, such as Indonesian
564:
1058:
1160:"Viral Daftar Absensi dengan Nama Sulit Dieja, Begini Cara Membuat Nama Anak yang Mudah dan Baik Artinya"
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The Perfected Spelling system is a system of orthography released in 1972 to replace the preexisting
31:
570:
97:
41:
559:
887:
858:
581:
558:
This letter is also used in some placenames in Indonesia, derived from the local languages, e.g.
870:). Like the previous update, it also introduced minor changes: among others, it introduced the
663:, mostly used in plural form of words, has to be fully written with letters, so the use of the
1031:
979:
916:
897:
883:
852:
816:
735:
1222:
Permendiknas No. 46 Tahun 2009 Tentang Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Disempurnakan
724:
644:(at home, to the market). This is different from the former Republican Spelling, where both
1210:(Ministerial Decree 0543a/U/1987) (in Indonesian). Minister of Education and Culture. 1987.
585:
778:
772:
756:
750:
101:
45:
1290:
969:"Spelling Reform 1972: A Stage in the Process of Standardisation of Bahasa Indonesia"
728:
660:
100:
system), the aim of the change in 1972 was to introduce greater harmonization of the
17:
1244:(Ministerial Decree 50) (in Indonesian). Minister of Education and Culture. 2015.
1134:
1109:
829:
of ⟨ei⟩ (previously there were only 3 diphthongs, ⟨ai⟩, ⟨au⟩ and ⟨oi⟩), optional
968:
871:
664:
1227:(Ministerial Decree 46) (in Indonesian). Minister of National Education. 2009.
947:"Indonesia Inaugurated New Spelling Enhanced In History Today August 16, 1972"
1184:"Tren Terkini: Nama Anak Indonesia Cenderung Panjang, Unik, dan Susah Dieja?"
766:
744:
1239:
Permendikbud Nomor 50 Tahun 2015 Tentang Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia
891:
857:, and new rules on the usage of bold letters (abolition of bold letters for
830:
826:
802:
93:
105:
538:
The letter Q is also used as needed for Islamic subjects. Examples:
636:
are written separately with the words that follow it, for example
1280:
1002:
946:
620:
are written together with the words that follow it, for example
1261:(Language Center Decree 0424/I/BS.00.01/2022) (in Indonesian).
1028:
The Indonesian Language: Its History and Role in Modern Society
524:
The letters Q and X are used in scientific subjects. Examples:
727:). The common spelling variations include doubled letters,
92:). A joint initiative of Indonesia and neighboring country
40:refers to the official spelling system used in the
1096:Cermat Berbahasa Indonesia: Untuk Perguruan Tinggi
652:are written together with the words following it.
794:Various minor changes were announced after 1975:
865:
131:
117:
49:
27:Spelling system used for the Indonesian language
76:Indonesian-Malaysian orthography reform of 1972
1281:Official website for the fifth edition of EYD
128:Indonesian Spelling System General Guidelines
8:
1094:Tasai, S Amran and E. Zaenal Arifin (2000).
88:, also called the Soewandi Spelling System,
1253:
1251:
102:Indonesian and Malay-language orthographies
1057:(Presidential Decree 57) (in Indonesian).
30:"EYD" redirects here. For other uses, see
1263:Language Development and Fostering Agency
867:Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Disempurnakan
51:Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia yang Disempurnakan
1089:
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748:'gastritis' is actually pronounced as
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771:
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749:
7:
604:(affixes) can be distinguished from
133:Pedoman Umum Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia
96:(which also introduced the similar
890:, reaffirming the use of optional
25:
1110:"2. QS. Al-Baqarah (Sapi Betina)"
110:Minister of Education and Culture
978:. Pacific Linguistics: 305–317.
967:Kridalaksana, Harimukti (1974).
949:. Voice of Indonesia. 2021-08-16
882:, mostly used in loanwords from
149:Republican-to-EYD letter changes
54:(EYD), commonly translated as
44:. The current system uses the
1:
1164:kabartegal.pikiran-rakyat.com
1135:"25. QS. Al-Furqan (Pembeda)"
927:Van Ophuijsen Spelling System
126:), often referred to as the
1030:. UNSW Press. p. 128.
861:entries in its dictionary).
1323:
1307:Latin-script orthographies
1026:Sneddon, James N. (2003).
922:Republican Spelling System
140:), between 2015 and 2022.
114:Indonesian Spelling System
82:Republican Spelling System
73:
29:
902:, and limited the use of
592:Affixes and prepositions
628:(taken, desire), while
1059:President of Indonesia
866:
765:
760:, deriving from Dutch
743:
740:Van Ophuijsen spelling
734:following consonants,
612:(prepositions), where
132:
119:Ejaan Bahasa Indonesia
118:
50:
38:Indonesian orthography
1007:ejaan.kemdikbud.go.id
736:use of Dutch digraphs
493:currency, university
906:to singular numbers.
513:engineer, delicious
436:Foreign loan letters
32:EYD (disambiguation)
1297:Indonesian language
473:(I am) sorry, poor
98:Joint Rumi Spelling
42:Indonesian language
738:(which stems from
582:West Kutai Regency
293:chicken, umbrella
60:Perfected Spelling
18:Perfected Spelling
917:New Rumi Spelling
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715:
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64:Improved Spelling
56:Enhanced Spelling
16:(Redirected from
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709:kebarat-baratan
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833:for ⟨e⟩ as ⟨é⟩
805:for ⟨e⟩ as ⟨é⟩
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701:playing around
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596:The writing of
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249:sell, spelling
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144:Characteristics
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1191:. Retrieved
1188:nova.grid.id
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1178:
1167:. Retrieved
1163:
1154:
1144:22 September
1142:. Retrieved
1138:
1129:
1119:22 September
1117:. Retrieved
1113:
1104:
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1021:
1010:. Retrieved
1006:
975:
962:
951:. Retrieved
941:
904:number words
793:
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722:
712:westernized
706:ke-barat-an
659:
649:
645:
641:
637:
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560:Siluq Ngurai
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375:
369:
365:
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343:madam, many
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55:
37:
36:
872:monophthong
673:Republican
574: [
563: [
207:only, bean
159:Republican
1291:Categories
1193:2023-12-29
1169:2023-12-29
1037:0868405981
1012:2022-08-22
953:2023-07-30
933:References
892:diacritics
849:, and ⟨ê⟩
831:diacritics
803:diacritics
719:Exceptions
687:anak-anak
553:Al-Baqarah
486:aluta, uni
1139:Sindonews
1114:Sindonews
1074:Indonesia
888:Sundanese
827:diphthong
695:ber-main
690:children
548:Al-Furqan
429:era, end
911:See also
884:Acehnese
813:and ⟨e⟩
754:or even
642:ke pasar
638:di rumah
626:kehendak
490:ersitas
449:Example
446:Letters
401:becomes
359:becomes
309:becomes
265:becomes
223:becomes
181:becomes
156:Changes
94:Malaysia
1265:. 2022.
1061:. 1972.
1003:"EYD V"
790:Changes
622:diambil
534:(X-ray)
520:Q and X
506:eni, le
382:arakat
378:air, ma
372:arakat
368:air, ma
200:uma, ka
190:uma, ka
106:Suharto
70:History
1034:
982:
841:, ⟨è⟩
764:; and
729:silent
529:Sinar-
286:am, pa
275:am, pa
242:ual, e
232:ual, e
1242:(PDF)
1225:(PDF)
1055:(PDF)
972:(PDF)
900:]
896:[
880:]
876:[
874:⟨eu⟩
859:lemma
855:]
851:[
847:]
843:[
839:]
835:[
819:]
815:[
811:]
807:[
684:anak
578:]
567:]
543:Quran
470:akir
336:a, ba
322:a, ba
138:PUEBI
1146:2021
1121:2021
1032:ISBN
980:ISBN
894:⟨ê⟩
886:and
762:maag
676:EYD
648:and
632:and
616:and
608:and
600:and
569:and
418:tari
407:tari
290:ung
279:ung
246:aan
236:aan
204:ang
194:ang
162:EYD
784:bus
776:or
767:bus
745:mag
646:di-
618:ke-
614:di-
602:ke-
598:di-
510:at
462:maa
426:ir
422:, a
415:ir
411:, a
340:ak
326:ak
124:EBI
90:SSS
86:RSS
62:or
1293::
1250:^
1186:.
1162:.
1137:.
1112:.
1082:^
1005:.
994:^
974:.
786:.
650:di
640:,
634:ke
630:di
624:,
610:ke
606:di
588:.
584:,
576:id
565:id
466:,
424:kh
420:kh
413:ch
409:ch
403:kh
399:ch
397::
380:sy
376:sy
370:sj
366:sj
361:sy
357:sj
355::
338:ny
334:ny
330:ny
324:nj
320:nj
316:nj
311:ny
307:nj
305::
261::
234:dj
230:dj
221:dj
219::
215:dʒ
192:tj
188:tj
179:tj
177::
173:tʃ
136:,
122:,
66:.
58:,
1196:.
1172:.
1148:.
1123:.
1098:.
1040:.
1015:.
988:.
956:.
898:ə
878:ɘ
853:ə
845:ɛ
837:e
821:.
817:ə
809:e
732:h
531:X
508:z
504:z
499:z
488:v
484:v
479:v
468:f
464:f
458:f
395:/
393:x
391:/
353:/
351:ʃ
349:/
332:o
318:o
303:/
301:ɲ
299:/
288:y
284:y
282:a
277:j
273:j
271:a
267:y
263:j
259:/
257:j
255:/
244:j
240:j
225:j
217:/
213:/
202:c
198:c
183:c
175:/
171:/
130:(
116:(
84:(
34:.
20:)
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