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Pseudopfiesteria shumwayae

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to kill its prey has been subject to controversy. A study published in 2002 has shown that it is capable of killing fish by direct contact and feeding on their skin through
709: 324:, it differs in two important precingular plates 5" and 6", which historically, only one plate difference would be sufficient to place in a separate genus. The species ' 790: 803: 388: 318:
should be reassigned its own genus, based on both morphological analysis and molecular evidence as supported by rDNA analysis. Although closely resembling
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Duncan PM, Parris B, Schultz S, et al. (2005). "Behavioral effects and drug vulnerability in rats exposed to Pfiesteria toxin".
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Vogelbein WK, Lovko VJ, Shields JD, et al. (2002). "Pfiesteria shumwayae kills fish by micropredation not exotoxin secretion".
842: 922: 888: 64: 568:"Demonstration of toxicity to fish and to mammalian cells by Pfiesteria species: comparison of assay methods and strains" 343:
has a worldwide distribution and is typically found in estuaries and coastal habitats. It is usually benign unless it "
877: 396: 808: 706:"Chesapeake Bay Foundation - Save the Bay: High Concentrations of Pfiesteria Underscore Need to Reduce Pollution" 732: 359: 198: 419:"Species of the toxic Pfiesteria complex, and the importance of functional type in data interpretation" 155: 239: 175: 917: 847: 579: 524: 320: 278: 769: 355: 165: 548: 438: 59: 795: 829: 685: 642: 607: 540: 497: 456: 363: 834: 634: 597: 587: 532: 487: 446: 430: 667: 583: 528: 451: 418: 249: 245: 234: 135: 102: 89: 602: 567: 492: 475: 911: 302:. Toxicity levels appear to depend on the strains and assays used in the laboratory. 43: 17: 552: 389:"NC State News Release, March 10, 2000: NC State Scientists Confirm Second Toxic 344: 299: 257: 231: 145: 755: 476:"Pfiesteria piscicida, P. shumwayae, and other Pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates" 638: 269: 253: 764: 592: 115: 76: 866: 646: 611: 544: 501: 460: 749: 367: 295: 261: 536: 782: 442: 125: 306:
toxin present in filtered water can cause cognitive deficits in rats.
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Burkholder JM, Glasgow HB, Deamer-Melia NJ, et al. (2001).
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have been implicated in fish kills, its ability to secrete an
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has been described as having a less complex life cycle than
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Burkholder JM, Gordon AS, Moeller PD, et al. (2005).
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Based on 2005 research, the organism previously known as
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to it so that it can be listed with similar articles.
739: 347:" to a high concentration. High concentrations of 230:; see 'Taxonomy' section below) is a species of 8: 351:have been found in the following locations: 727: 42: 31: 601: 591: 491: 450: 248:in 2000. It can acquire the ability for 380: 690:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 683: 7: 876:needs additional or more specific 25: 27:Species of single-celled organism 865: 63: 244:It was first characterized in 226:(formerly placed in the genus 1: 493:10.1016/S0923-2508(03)00027-5 572:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A 474:Miller TR, Belas R (2003). 939: 349:Pseudopfiesteria shumwayae 292:Pseudopfiesteria shumwayae 274:Pseudopfiesteria shumwayae 272:around the US east coast. 266:Pseudopfiesteria shumwayae 223:Pseudopfiesteria shumwayae 208:Pseudopfiesteria shumwayae 52:Pseudopfiesteria shumwayae 36:Pseudopfiesteria shumwayae 639:10.1016/j.ntt.2005.06.008 204: 197: 60:Scientific classification 58: 50: 41: 34: 423:Environ. Health Perspect 268:have been implicated in 214:Glasgow & Burkholder 593:10.1073/pnas.0500168102 290:While toxic strains of 923:Dinoflagellate species 264:and toxic. Strains of 358:, a tributary of the 741:Pfiesteria shumwayae 627:Neurotoxicol Teratol 321:Pfiesteria piscicida 316:Pfiesteria shumwayae 304:Pfiesteria shumwayae 279:Pfiesteria piscicida 256:and retaining their 18:Pfiesteria shumwayae 584:2005PNAS..102.3471B 537:10.1038/nature01008 529:2002Natur.418..967V 260:. It can also turn 906: 905: 889:adding categories 858: 857: 830:Open Tree of Life 733:Taxon identifiers 399:on March 18, 2007 364:James City County 219: 218: 190:P. shumwayae 156:Thoracosphaerales 16:(Redirected from 930: 901: 898: 892: 869: 861: 851: 850: 838: 837: 825: 824: 812: 811: 799: 798: 786: 785: 773: 772: 760: 759: 758: 728: 721: 720: 718: 717: 708:. Archived from 702: 696: 695: 689: 681: 679: 678: 672: 666:. Archived from 665: 657: 651: 650: 622: 616: 615: 605: 595: 563: 557: 556: 523:(6901): 967–70. 512: 506: 505: 495: 471: 465: 464: 454: 414: 408: 407: 405: 404: 395:. Archived from 385: 370:, in March 2005. 330:Pseudopfiesteria 240:Pseudopfiesteria 210: 177:Pseudopfiesteria 68: 67: 46: 32: 21: 938: 937: 933: 932: 931: 929: 928: 927: 908: 907: 902: 896: 893: 882: 870: 859: 854: 846: 841: 833: 828: 820: 815: 807: 802: 794: 789: 781: 776: 768: 763: 754: 753: 748: 735: 725: 724: 715: 713: 704: 703: 699: 682: 676: 674: 670: 663: 661:"Archived copy" 659: 658: 654: 624: 623: 619: 565: 564: 560: 514: 513: 509: 473: 472: 468: 435:10.2307/3454912 416: 415: 411: 402: 400: 387: 386: 382: 377: 338: 312: 288: 252:through eating 235:dinoflagellates 215: 212: 206: 193: 62: 54:SEM micrograph 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 936: 934: 926: 925: 920: 910: 909: 904: 903: 873: 871: 864: 856: 855: 853: 852: 839: 826: 813: 800: 787: 774: 761: 745: 743: 737: 736: 731: 723: 722: 697: 652: 617: 558: 507: 480:Res. Microbiol 466: 409: 379: 378: 376: 373: 372: 371: 356:Taskinas Creek 337: 334: 311: 308: 300:micropredation 287: 284: 250:photosynthesis 246:North Carolina 217: 216: 213: 202: 201: 195: 194: 187: 185: 181: 180: 173: 169: 168: 166:Pfiesteriaceae 163: 159: 158: 153: 149: 148: 143: 139: 138: 136:Dinoflagellata 133: 129: 128: 123: 119: 118: 113: 106: 105: 100: 93: 92: 90:Diaphoretickes 87: 80: 79: 74: 70: 69: 56: 55: 48: 47: 39: 38: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 935: 924: 921: 919: 916: 915: 913: 900: 890: 886: 880: 879: 874:This article 872: 868: 863: 862: 849: 844: 840: 836: 831: 827: 823: 818: 814: 810: 805: 801: 797: 792: 788: 784: 779: 775: 771: 766: 762: 757: 751: 747: 746: 744: 742: 738: 734: 729: 712:on 2007-09-28 711: 707: 701: 698: 693: 687: 673:on 2011-07-20 669: 662: 656: 653: 648: 644: 640: 636: 633:(5): 701–10. 632: 628: 621: 618: 613: 609: 604: 599: 594: 589: 585: 581: 578:(9): 3471–6. 577: 573: 569: 562: 559: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 511: 508: 503: 499: 494: 489: 485: 481: 477: 470: 467: 462: 458: 453: 448: 444: 440: 436: 432: 428: 424: 420: 413: 410: 398: 394: 392: 384: 381: 374: 369: 365: 361: 357: 354: 353: 352: 350: 346: 342: 335: 333: 331: 327: 323: 322: 317: 309: 307: 305: 301: 297: 293: 285: 283: 281: 280: 275: 271: 267: 263: 259: 255: 251: 247: 243: 241: 237:in the genus 236: 233: 232:heterotrophic 229: 225: 224: 211: 209: 203: 200: 199:Binomial name 196: 192: 191: 186: 183: 182: 179: 178: 174: 171: 170: 167: 164: 161: 160: 157: 154: 151: 150: 147: 144: 141: 140: 137: 134: 131: 130: 127: 124: 121: 120: 117: 114: 111: 108: 107: 104: 101: 98: 95: 94: 91: 88: 85: 82: 81: 78: 75: 72: 71: 66: 61: 57: 53: 49: 45: 40: 37: 33: 30: 19: 894: 875: 740: 714:. 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Retrieved 397:the original 390: 383: 348: 340: 339: 329: 325: 319: 315: 313: 303: 291: 289: 277: 273: 265: 258:chloroplasts 238: 227: 222: 221: 220: 207: 205: 189: 188: 176: 132:Superclass: 109: 96: 83: 51: 35: 29: 918:Dinophyceae 254:green algae 146:Dinophyceae 912:Categories 897:April 2022 878:categories 716:2008-01-06 677:2011-02-15 403:2008-01-06 391:Pfiesteria 375:References 360:York River 341:Pfiesteria 336:Occurrence 270:fish kills 228:Pfiesteria 765:AlgaeBase 326:shumwayae 262:predatory 184:Species: 116:Alveolata 77:Eukaryota 885:help out 796:11401778 756:Q2083786 750:Wikidata 686:cite web 647:16198085 612:15728353 545:12198545 502:12648722 461:11677174 393:Species" 368:Virginia 310:Taxonomy 296:exotoxin 286:Toxicity 162:Family: 122:Phylum: 73:Domain: 883:Please 783:7850488 580:Bibcode 553:4388577 525:Bibcode 452:1240596 443:3454912 172:Genus: 152:Order: 142:Class: 126:Myzozoa 848:246599 835:975447 822:246599 809:410738 645:  610:  603:552923 600:  551:  543:  517:Nature 500:  459:  449:  441:  345:blooms 843:WoRMS 791:IRMNG 770:46308 671:(PDF) 664:(PDF) 549:S2CID 439:JSTOR 110:Clade 97:Clade 84:Clade 817:OBIS 804:NCBI 778:GBIF 692:link 643:PMID 608:PMID 541:PMID 498:PMID 457:PMID 887:by 635:doi 598:PMC 588:doi 576:102 533:doi 521:418 488:doi 484:154 447:PMC 431:doi 427:109 362:in 103:SAR 914:: 845:: 832:: 819:: 806:: 793:: 780:: 767:: 752:: 688:}} 684:{{ 641:. 631:27 629:. 606:. 596:. 586:. 574:. 570:. 547:. 539:. 531:. 519:. 496:. 482:. 478:. 455:. 445:. 437:. 425:. 421:. 366:, 332:. 282:. 112:: 99:: 86:: 899:) 895:( 881:. 719:. 694:) 680:. 649:. 637:: 614:. 590:: 582:: 555:. 535:: 527:: 504:. 490:: 463:. 433:: 406:. 242:. 20:)

Index

Pfiesteria shumwayae

Scientific classification
Edit this classification
Eukaryota
Diaphoretickes
SAR
Alveolata
Myzozoa
Dinoflagellata
Dinophyceae
Thoracosphaerales
Pfiesteriaceae
Pseudopfiesteria
Binomial name
heterotrophic
dinoflagellates
Pseudopfiesteria
North Carolina
photosynthesis
green algae
chloroplasts
predatory
fish kills
Pfiesteria piscicida
exotoxin
micropredation
Pfiesteria piscicida
blooms
Taskinas Creek

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