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Phenolic content in tea

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230: 133: 26: 2201: 687:"Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to various food(s)/food constituent(s) and protection of cells from premature aging, antioxidant activity, antioxidant content and antioxidant properties, and protection of DNA, proteins and lipids from oxidative damage pursuant to Article 13(1) of Regulation (EC) No 1924/20061" 310:
are under preliminary research, as of 2020, but there is no evidence that flavonoids have antioxidant activity in vivo, or affect physical health or diseases. Tea has one of the highest contents of flavonoids among common food and beverage products.
457:"Scientific Opinion on the substantiation of health claims related to Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze (tea), including catechins in green tea, and improvement of endothelium-dependent vasodilation (ID 1106, 1310), maintenance of normal blood pressure" 161:
Catechins constitute about 25% of the dry mass of a fresh tea leaf, although total catechin content varies widely depending on species, clonal variation, growing location, season, light variation, and altitude. They are present in nearly all
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Del Rio, Daniele; Stewart, Amanda J.; Mullen, William; Burns, Jennifer; Lean, Michael E. J.; Brighenti, Furio; Crozier, Alan (2004). "HPLC-MSnAnalysis of Phenolic Compounds and Purine Alkaloids in Green and Black Tea".
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with increasing degrees of oxidation of tea leaves. Theaflavins contribute to the bitterness and astringency of black tea. The mean amount of theaflavins in a cup of black tea (200 ml) is 12.18 mg.
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Chung, Mei; Zhao, Naisi; Wang, Deena; Shams-White, Marissa; Karlsen, Micaela; Cassidy, AedĂ­n; Ferruzzi, Mario; Jacques, Paul F.; Johnson, Elizabeth J.; Wallace, Taylor C. (19 February 2020).
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are the largest type of flavonoids in growing tea leaves. According to a report released by USDA, in a 200-ml cup of tea, the mean total content of flavonoids is 266.68 mg for
738:"Dose–Response Relation between Tea Consumption and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Population-Based Studies" 718: 1711: 722: 488:
Pietta, P. G.; Simonetti, P.; Gardana, C.; Brusamolino, A.; Morazzoni, P.; Bombardelli, E. (1998). "Catechin metabolites after intake of green tea infusions".
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Peterson, J.; Dwyer, J.; Bhagwat, S.; Haytowitz, D.; Holden, J.; Eldridge, A.L.; Beecher, G.; Aladesanmi, J. (2005). "Major flavonoids in dry tea".
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Three main types of theaflavins are found in black tea, namely theaflavin (TF-1), theaflavin-3-gallate (TF-2), and theaflavin-3,3-digallate (TF-3).
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Balentine DA, Harbowy ME, Graham HN (1998). "Tea: the Plant and its Manufacture; Chemistry and Consumption of the Beverage". In Spiller GA (ed.).
154:(EGCG), epicatechin (EC), epicatechin-3-gallate (ECg), epigallocatechin (EGC), catechin, and gallocatechin (GC). The content of EGCG is higher in 439: 1767: 2122: 619:
Crozier, Alan; Jaganath, Indu B.; Clifford, Michael N. (2009). "Dietary phenolics: Chemistry, bioavailability and effects on health".
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EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies (NDA)2, 3 European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), Parma, Italy (2010).
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could not be shown for a link between tea catechins and the maintenance of normal blood LDL-cholesterol concentration.
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U.S. Department of Agriculture, USDA Database for the Flavonoid Content of Selected Foods, Release 2.1, January 2007
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A 2020 review found low- to moderate-quality evidence that daily tea consumption might lower the risk for
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EFSA NDA Panel (EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies) (2011).
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infusion: Finer black tea has a more orange tone than red as a result of higher
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Catechin monomer structures are metabolized into dimers
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Sensitive Determination of Catechins in Tea by HPLC
2133: 2009: 1889: 1831: 1780: 1740: 1665: 1637: 1552: 1494: 1429: 1420: 1359: 1277: 1244: 1221: 1193: 1045: 937: 849: 840: 416:Thermo Scientific (Dionex) Application Note 275. 272:, bitter polyphenolic compounds that bind to and 280:conjugates all of the catechins, such as EGCG ( 798: 57:, natural plant compounds which are found in 8: 717:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list ( 2130: 1737: 1426: 846: 805: 791: 783: 721:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list ( 586:Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 529: 527: 763: 753: 702: 632: 472: 393: 21:Health effects of phenols and polyphenols 536:Journal of Food Composition and Analysis 139:UV 280 nm chromatogram. Highest peak is 360: 213:(vanillic acid) are the main catechins 710: 569: 567: 565: 434:. Boca Raton: CRC Press. p. 35. 217:found in humans after consumption of 7: 370:"Tea and health: studies in humans" 69:of tea. Polyphenols in tea include 2123:Tea Research and Extension Station 14: 207:3-methoxy-4-hydroxy-hippuric acid 92:include, but are not limited to, 2200: 2199: 1437:Afternoon/High tea/Evening meal 211:3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzoic acid 94:epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) 189:European Food Safety Authority 1: 374:Current Pharmaceutical Design 193:cause and effect relationship 124:are also found in green tea. 386:10.2174/1381612811319340008 29:Most of the polyphenols in 2242: 548:10.1016/j.jfca.2004.05.006 420:. Retrieved 3 August 2013. 368:Khan N, Mukhtar H (2013). 302:Polyphenol § Research 299: 152:epigallocatechin-3-gallate 18: 2195: 1346:Strobilanthes tonkinensis 827: 319:, and 233.12 mg for 203:3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid 2088:Teas of related species 1929:Hong Kong–style milk tea 1874:Epigallocatechin gallate 755:10.1093/advances/nmaa010 704:10.2903/j.efsa.2010.1489 474:10.2903/j.efsa.2011.2055 350:Phenolic content in wine 282:Epigallocatechin gallate 2118:Lipton Institute of Tea 1452:East Asian tea ceremony 621:Natural Product Reports 502:10.1002/biof.5520080119 205:(protocatechuic acid), 187:A 2011 analysis by the 47:phenolic content in tea 16:Natural plant compounds 1712:Consumption by country 333:cardiovascular disease 242: 147: 65:affect the flavor and 42: 1310:English afternoon tea 742:Advances in Nutrition 376:(Literature Review). 345:Health effects of tea 232: 199:4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 135: 88:Polyphenols found in 28: 2084:List of Chinese teas 143:, second highest is 1507:Teahouse or tearoom 276:organic compounds. 102:epicatechin gallate 2107:Camellia taliensis 243: 150:Catechins include 148: 63:chemical compounds 43: 2213: 2212: 2191: 2190: 2100:Camellia sasanqua 2093:Camellia japonica 1776: 1775: 1633: 1632: 1355: 1354: 1330:Maghrebi mint tea 1120:Huangshan Maofeng 819:Camellia sinensis 598:10.1021/jf0354848 441:978-0-8493-2647-9 169:Camellia sinensis 2233: 2203: 2202: 2131: 1909:Burmese milk tea 1844:Phenolic content 1738: 1427: 1320:Lapsang souchong 1095:Lu'an Melon Seed 847: 807: 800: 793: 784: 778: 777: 767: 757: 733: 727: 726: 716: 708: 706: 682: 676: 675: 673: 672: 661: 655: 654: 643:10.1039/b802662a 636: 616: 610: 609: 580: 574: 571: 560: 559: 531: 522: 521: 485: 479: 478: 476: 452: 446: 445: 427: 421: 414: 408: 407: 397: 365: 98:epigallocatechin 2241: 2240: 2236: 2235: 2234: 2232: 2231: 2230: 2216: 2215: 2214: 2209: 2187: 2129: 2005: 1971:Seven-color tea 1924:Doodh pati chai 1891: 1885: 1827: 1772: 1736: 1667: 1666:Production and 1661: 1629: 1548: 1490: 1416: 1351: 1340:Russian Caravan 1335:Prince of Wales 1298:Breakfast tea ( 1280: 1273: 1240: 1236:Huoshan Huangya 1231:Junshan Yinzhen 1217: 1189: 1041: 977:Dongfang meiren 933: 842: 836: 823: 811: 781: 735: 734: 730: 709: 684: 683: 679: 670: 668: 663: 662: 658: 634:10.1.1.608.4407 618: 617: 613: 592:(10): 2807–15. 582: 581: 577: 572: 563: 533: 532: 525: 487: 486: 482: 454: 453: 449: 442: 429: 428: 424: 415: 411: 367: 366: 362: 358: 341: 329: 306:Phenols called 304: 298: 263: 227: 130: 23: 17: 12: 11: 5: 2239: 2237: 2229: 2228: 2218: 2217: 2211: 2210: 2208: 2207: 2196: 2193: 2192: 2189: 2188: 2186: 2185: 2180: 2175: 2170: 2165: 2160: 2155: 2150: 2145: 2139: 2137: 2128: 2127: 2126: 2125: 2120: 2112: 2111: 2110: 2103: 2096: 2086: 2081: 2076: 2075: 2074: 2066: 2065: 2064: 2059: 2054: 2049: 2044: 2039: 2034: 2029: 2024: 2013: 2011: 2007: 2006: 2004: 2003: 1998: 1993: 1988: 1983: 1978: 1973: 1968: 1963: 1958: 1953: 1948: 1943: 1942: 1941: 1931: 1926: 1921: 1916: 1911: 1906: 1901: 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1296: 1285: 1283: 1281:flavoured teas 1275: 1274: 1272: 1271: 1266: 1261: 1256: 1250: 1248: 1242: 1241: 1239: 1238: 1233: 1227: 1225: 1219: 1218: 1216: 1215: 1210: 1208:Baihao Yinzhen 1205: 1199: 1197: 1191: 1190: 1188: 1187: 1182: 1177: 1172: 1170:Mengding Ganlu 1167: 1162: 1157: 1152: 1147: 1142: 1137: 1132: 1127: 1122: 1117: 1115:Taiping houkui 1112: 1107: 1102: 1097: 1092: 1087: 1082: 1077: 1072: 1067: 1062: 1057: 1051: 1049: 1043: 1042: 1040: 1039: 1034: 1029: 1024: 1019: 1014: 1009: 1004: 999: 994: 989: 984: 979: 974: 969: 964: 959: 954: 949: 943: 941: 935: 934: 932: 931: 926: 921: 916: 911: 906: 901: 896: 891: 886: 881: 876: 871: 866: 861: 855: 853: 844: 838: 837: 835: 834: 828: 825: 824: 812: 810: 809: 802: 795: 787: 780: 779: 748:(4): 790–814. 728: 677: 656: 627:(8): 1001–43. 611: 575: 561: 542:(6): 487–501. 523: 496:(1–2): 111–8. 480: 447: 440: 422: 409: 380:(34): 6141–7. 359: 357: 354: 353: 352: 347: 340: 337: 328: 325: 297: 294: 262: 259: 249:and oligomers 226: 223: 129: 126: 49:refers to the 19:Main article: 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2238: 2227: 2224: 2223: 2221: 2206: 2198: 2197: 2194: 2184: 2181: 2179: 2176: 2174: 2171: 2169: 2166: 2164: 2161: 2159: 2156: 2154: 2151: 2149: 2146: 2144: 2141: 2140: 2138: 2136: 2132: 2124: 2121: 2119: 2116: 2115: 2114:Tea research 2113: 2109: 2108: 2104: 2102: 2101: 2097: 2095: 2094: 2090: 2089: 2087: 2085: 2082: 2080: 2077: 2073: 2070: 2069: 2067: 2063: 2060: 2058: 2055: 2053: 2050: 2048: 2045: 2043: 2040: 2038: 2035: 2033: 2030: 2028: 2025: 2023: 2020: 2019: 2018: 2015: 2014: 2012: 2008: 2002: 1999: 1997: 1994: 1992: 1989: 1987: 1984: 1982: 1979: 1977: 1974: 1972: 1969: 1967: 1964: 1962: 1959: 1957: 1954: 1952: 1949: 1947: 1944: 1940: 1939:Arnold Palmer 1937: 1936: 1935: 1932: 1930: 1927: 1925: 1922: 1920: 1917: 1915: 1912: 1910: 1907: 1905: 1904:Builder's tea 1902: 1900: 1897: 1896: 1894: 1888: 1880: 1877: 1875: 1872: 1868: 1865: 1864: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1849: 1847: 1845: 1842: 1840: 1837: 1836: 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200: 196: 194: 191:found that a 190: 185: 183: 179: 176:, green tea, 175: 171: 170: 165: 159: 157: 153: 146: 142: 138: 134: 127: 125: 123: 119: 115: 111: 107: 103: 99: 95: 91: 86: 84: 80: 76: 72: 68: 64: 60: 56: 52: 48: 40: 36: 32: 27: 22: 2168:Koththamalli 2143:Cannabis tea 2105: 2098: 2091: 2072:Tea classics 1976:Shahi haleeb 1843: 1696:Cultivation 1675:Leaf grading 1668:distribution 1539: 1532: 1525: 1518: 1511: 1447:Tasseography 1344: 1185:Tamaryokucha 1055:Anji bai cha 1022:Shui Jin Gui 997:Huang Meigui 992:Huangjin Gui 952:Ban Tian Yao 817: 745: 741: 731: 713:cite journal 694: 691:EFSA Journal 690: 680: 669:. Retrieved 665:"Flavonoids" 659: 624: 620: 614: 589: 585: 578: 539: 535: 493: 489: 483: 464: 461:EFSA Journal 460: 450: 431: 425: 412: 377: 373: 363: 330: 305: 264: 256: 251:thearubigins 244: 197: 186: 172:, including 167: 160: 149: 87: 46: 44: 38: 35:flavan-3-ols 2068:Literature 1981:Suutei tsai 1862:Flavan-3-ol 1781:Preparation 1570:Azerbaijani 1325:Masala chai 1315:Jasmine tea 1279:Blended or 967:Da Hong Pao 962:Bu Zhi Chun 894:Jin Jun Mei 697:(2): 1489. 467:(4): 2055. 335:and death. 292:qualities. 278:Gallic acid 274:precipitate 247:theaflavins 239:theaflavins 233:Darjeeling 225:Theaflavins 221:infusions. 215:metabolites 106:epicatechin 75:theaflavins 55:polyphenols 2153:Dried lime 2135:Herbal tea 1914:Butter tea 1899:Bubble tea 1890:Tea-based 1879:Theaflavin 1848:Compounds 1748:Bangladesh 1741:By country 1725:Chittagong 1680:Processing 1620:Senegalese 1553:By country 1502:Tea garden 1412:Vietnamese 1367:Australian 1223:Yellow tea 1135:Kamairicha 1065:Baimao Hou 1037:Tieguanyin 947:Bai Jiguan 939:Oolong tea 929:Yingdehong 879:Darjeeling 671:2020-04-15 556:10113/7266 490:BioFactors 356:References 308:flavonoids 300:See also: 296:Flavonoids 290:astringent 270:astringent 182:oolong tea 166:made from 114:kaempferol 83:flavonoids 2148:Chamomile 2001:Yuenyeung 1991:Teh tarik 1986:Sweet tea 1966:Noon chai 1803:Decoction 1763:Sri Lanka 1716:Auctions 1707:Companies 1625:Taiwanese 1610:Pakistani 1590:Hong Kong 1585:Dominican 1575:Brazilian 1565:Argentine 1520:Chashitsu 1479:Taiwanese 1442:Tea party 1402:Taiwanese 1293:Lady Grey 1289:Earl Grey 1203:Bai Mudan 1195:White tea 1130:Kabusecha 1100:Gunpowder 1090:Genmaicha 1075:Biluochun 1047:Green tea 1032:Tieluohan 1027:Shui Xian 972:Dong ding 851:Black tea 843:varieties 629:CiteSeerX 321:black tea 317:green tea 313:Catechins 235:black tea 219:green tea 178:black tea 174:white tea 156:green tea 137:Green tea 128:Catechins 122:myricitin 118:quercetin 110:flavanols 90:green tea 71:catechins 67:mouthfeel 61:. These 39:catechins 31:green tea 2220:Category 2205:Category 2042:Strainer 2010:See also 1996:Thai tea 1961:Milk tea 1946:Jagertee 1934:Iced tea 1867:Catechin 1857:Theanine 1852:Caffeine 1823:Tea lady 1813:Steeping 1793:Infusion 1730:Guwahati 1700:Diseases 1600:Japanese 1560:American 1484:Ryukyuan 1469:Japanese 1269:Kombucha 1150:Longjing 1080:Chun Mee 1017:Ruan zhi 1002:Jin Xuan 957:Baozhong 884:Dianhong 774:32073596 651:19636448 606:15137818 518:37684286 432:Caffeine 404:23448443 339:See also 327:Research 241:content. 141:caffeine 112:such as 2183:Rooibos 2163:Guayusa 2062:Tea set 2037:Infuser 2017:Teaware 1956:Lei cha 1818:Tea bag 1692:Tasting 1639:History 1615:Russian 1605:Mexican 1580:Chinese 1462:Yum cha 1457:Chinese 1430:Customs 1422:Culture 1407:Turkish 1387:Chinese 1377:British 1360:General 1300:English 1213:Shoumei 1180:Shincha 1160:Maojian 1145:Kukicha 1140:Konacha 1110:HĹŤjicha 1105:Gyokuro 987:Gaoshan 982:Fo Shou 909:Nilgiri 841:Common 832:History 765:7360449 510:9699018 395:4055352 286:tannins 266:Tannins 261:Tannins 79:tannins 51:phenols 2173:Kuding 2158:Ginger 2079:Coffee 2057:Gaiwan 2052:Teapot 2047:Teacup 2032:Chawan 1951:Kahwah 1919:Chifir 1892:drinks 1832:Health 1758:Rwanda 1720:London 1595:Indian 1527:Mizuya 1474:Korean 1397:Nepali 1392:Korean 1382:Ceylon 1372:Arabic 1264:Lahpet 1259:Doncha 1254:Pu-erh 1175:Sencha 1155:Matcha 1085:Dafang 1070:Bancha 1060:Aracha 1012:Rougui 919:Tibeti 914:Sikkim 904:Keemun 899:Kangra 874:Congou 869:Ceylon 772:  762:  649:  631:  604:  516:  508:  438:  402:  392:  120:, and 104:, and 81:, and 2027:Caddy 2022:Chest 1753:Kenya 1657:Japan 1652:India 1647:China 1495:Areas 1304:Irish 1165:Mecha 1125:Hyson 1007:Qilan 864:Bohea 859:Assam 514:S2CID 288:with 2178:Mate 1541:Roji 924:Rize 770:PMID 723:link 719:link 647:PMID 602:PMID 506:PMID 436:ISBN 400:PMID 268:are 209:and 180:and 164:teas 145:EGCG 53:and 45:The 33:are 2226:Tea 814:Tea 760:PMC 750:doi 699:doi 639:doi 594:doi 552:hdl 544:doi 498:doi 469:doi 390:PMC 382:doi 59:tea 2222:: 1302:, 768:. 758:. 746:11 744:. 740:. 715:}} 711:{{ 693:. 689:. 645:. 637:. 625:26 623:. 600:. 590:52 588:. 564:^ 550:. 540:18 538:. 526:^ 512:. 504:. 492:. 463:. 459:. 398:. 388:. 378:19 372:. 323:. 201:, 184:. 158:. 116:, 108:; 100:, 96:, 85:. 77:, 73:, 41:). 1306:) 1295:) 1291:( 822:) 816:( 806:e 799:t 792:v 776:. 752:: 725:) 707:. 701:: 695:8 674:. 653:. 641:: 608:. 596:: 558:. 554:: 546:: 520:. 500:: 494:8 477:. 471:: 465:9 444:. 406:. 384:: 37:(

Index

Health effects of phenols and polyphenols

green tea
flavan-3-ols
phenols
polyphenols
tea
chemical compounds
mouthfeel
catechins
theaflavins
tannins
flavonoids
green tea
epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG)
epigallocatechin
epicatechin gallate
epicatechin
flavanols
kaempferol
quercetin
myricitin

Green tea
caffeine
EGCG
epigallocatechin-3-gallate
green tea
teas
Camellia sinensis

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