20:
176:
The ordinary range of chemical shifts ranges from about δ250 to −δ250, which is much wider than typical for H-NMR. Unlike H-NMR spectroscopy, P-NMR shifts are primarily not determined by the magnitude of the diamagnetic shielding, but are dominated by the so-called paramagnetic shielding tensor
159:
P-NMR spectroscopy is useful to assay purity and to assign structures of phosphorus-containing compounds because these signals are well resolved and often occur at characteristic frequencies. Chemical shifts and coupling constants span a large range but sometimes are not readily predictable. The
245:
are an order of magnitude smaller. The situation for phosphorus-carbon couplings are more complicated since the two-bond couplings are often larger than one-bond couplings. The J(C,P) values for triphenylphosphine are respectively −12.5, 19.6, 6.8, and 0.3 for one-, two-, three-, and four-bond
254:
The convention surrounding P-NMR (and other nuclei) changed convention in 1975: "The dimensionless scale should be defined as positive in the high frequency (low field) direction." Therefore, note that manuscripts published before 1976 will generally have the opposite sign.
271:(gel phase, physiological liquid crystal phase, ripple phases, non bilayer phases), lipid head group orientation/dynamics, and elastic properties of pure lipid bilayer and as a result of binding of proteins and other biomolecules.
428:
Dubinnyi MA; Lesovoy DM; Dubovskii PV; Chupin VV; Arseniev AS (Jun 2006). "Modeling of P-NMR spectra of magnetically oriented phospholipid liposomes: A new analytical solution".
38:) in toluene solution. In addition to P–P coupling between the two types of phosphine centers, Rh–P coupling is also evident. The chemical shifts are referenced to external 85%
543:
533:
267:
and biological membranes in native conditions. The analysis of P-NMR spectra of lipids could provide a wide range of information about lipid bilayer packing,
481:
578:
490:
558:
407:
148:
418:
IUPAC 1975 Presentation of NMR data for publication in chemical journals - B. conventions relating to spectra from nuclei other than protons
568:
528:
609:
518:
508:
83:), making it useful to measure - NMR spectra routinely. Solution P-NMR is one of the more routine NMR techniques because P has an
282:
between amine protons of protein to phosphate of lipid headgroups, which is useful in studies of protein/membrane interactions.
143:, which is assigned the chemical shift of 0, and appear at positive values (downfield of the standard). Due to the inconsistent
393:
D. G. Gorenstein "Nonbiological
Aspects of Phosphorus-31 NMR Spectroscopy" Progress in NMR Spectroscopy 1983, vol. 16, pp. 98.
356:
583:
573:
548:
538:
588:
523:
563:
474:
189:, and bond overlap. Illustrative of the effects lead to big changes in chemical shifts, the chemical shifts of the two
64:
144:
467:
24:
161:
135:
With a gyromagnetic ratio 40.5% of that for H, P-NMR signals are observed near 202 MHz on an 11.7-
111:, making spectra relatively easy to interpret. The only other highly sensitive NMR-active nuclei spin
264:
60:
139:
magnet (used for 500 MHz H-NMR measurements). Chemical shifts are typically referenced to 85%
614:
307:
303:
299:
19:
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In addition, a specific N-H...(O)-P experiment (INEPT transfer using three-bond scalar coupling J
88:
84:
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403:
380:
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68:
437:
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PO in conjunction with P-NMR spectroscopy to assess the Lewis acidity of molecular species.
76:
376:
190:
140:
92:
603:
513:
279:
186:
185:, includes terms that describe the radial expansion (related to charge), energies of
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136:
56:
441:
459:
230:
147:, integrations are not useful. Most often, spectra are recorded with protons
80:
72:
449:
494:
201:
PO (δ-13.3). More dramatic are the shifts for phosphine derivatives H
278:~5 Hz) could provide a direct information about formation of
18:
402:
O. Kühl "Phosphorus-31 NMR Spectroscopy" Springer, Berlin, 2008.
463:
16:
Spectroscopy technique for molecules containing phosphorus
237:
where J(P,H) is 189 Hz. Two-bond couplings, e.g.
501:
127:that are monoisotopic (or nearly so) are H and F.
263:P-NMR spectroscopy is widely used for studies of
347:Harris, Robin Kingsley; Mann, Brian E. (1978).
475:
8:
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468:
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370:
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326:, but have very low magnetogyric ratios.
181:). The paramagnetic shielding tensor, σ
45:
41:
34:
30:
339:
291:
7:
75:. Phosphorus is commonly found in
14:
310:are also monoisotopic and spin
79:and coordination complexes (as
351:. Academic Press. p. 13.
87:of 100% and a relatively high
1:
442:10.1016/j.ssnmr.2005.10.009
430:Solid State Nucl Magn Reson
91:. The P nucleus also has a
631:
610:Nuclear magnetic resonance
349:NMR and the periodic table
65:nuclear magnetic resonance
259:Biomolecular applications
155:Applications in chemistry
145:nuclear Overhauser effect
162:Gutmann-Beckett method
50:
265:phospholipid bilayers
197:PO (δ2.1) and (t-BuO)
22:
375:Roy Hoffman (2007).
233:is illustrated by PH
63:technique that uses
61:analytical chemistry
25:Wilkinson's catalyst
217:P (δ20), and (t-Bu)
131:Operational aspects
225:Coupling constants
89:gyromagnetic ratio
85:isotopic abundance
69:chemical compounds
51:
23:P-NMR spectrum of
597:
596:
408:978-3-540-79118-8
381:Hebrew University
269:phase transitions
77:organic compounds
54:Phosphorus-31 NMR
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491:NMR spectroscopy
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377:"Phosphorus NMR"
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213:P (δ-62), (i-Pr)
191:phosphate esters
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250:Historical note
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172:Chemical shifts
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141:phosphoric acid
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67:(NMR) to study
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436:(4): 305–311.
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290:
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280:hydrogen bonds
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210:
206:
205:P (δ-240), (CH
202:
198:
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187:excited states
182:
177:(unrelated to
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179:paramagnetism
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94:
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71:that contain
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57:spectroscopy
53:
52:
298:The nuclei
246:couplings.
221:P (δ61.9).
615:Phosphorus
604:Categories
358:0123276500
334:References
81:phosphines
73:phosphorus
229:One-bond
149:decoupled
450:16298110
231:coupling
29:RhCl(PPh
502:Isotope
495:isotope
324:
312:
164:uses Et
125:
113:
109:
97:
448:
406:
355:
59:is an
286:Notes
193:(MeO)
137:Tesla
446:PMID
404:ISBN
353:ISBN
306:and
93:spin
493:by
438:doi
276:N-P
95:of
606::
589:Pb
584:Hg
579:Pt
574:Se
569:Co
564:Fe
549:Si
519:He
444:.
434:29
432:.
379:.
367:^
308:Tm
304:Rh
302:,
151:.
44:PO
559:V
554:P
544:F
539:O
534:N
529:C
524:B
514:H
509:H
483:e
476:t
469:v
452:.
440::
383:.
361:.
321:2
318:/
315:1
300:Y
243:H
241:C
239:P
235:3
219:3
215:3
211:3
209:)
207:3
203:3
199:3
195:3
183:p
166:3
122:2
119:/
116:1
106:2
103:/
100:1
49:.
46:4
42:3
40:H
35:3
33:)
31:3
27:(
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