68:
375:
697:
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47:
783:(American pokeweed, pokeweed, poke) is used as a folk medicine and as food, although all parts of it must be considered toxic unless, as folk recipes claim, it is "properly prepared." The root is never eaten and cannot be made edible. Poke salad ('poke salat') is considered part of traditional
1194:
PHYTOLACCACEAE INFRUCTESCENCE FROM CERRO DEL PUEBLO FORMATION, UPPER CRETACEOUS (LATE CAMPANIAN), COAHUILA, MEXICO by Sergio R. S. Cevallos-Ferriz, Emilio
Estrada-Ruiz and Balam Rodrigo Pérez-Hernández - American Journal of Botany 95(1): 77–83.
407:(Moq.) Walter). Black and Judziewicz report it in Dane County, Wisconsin in their 2008 and 2009 books (Wildflowers of Wisconsin and the Great Lakes Region. A Comprehensive Field Guide, first and 2nd editions. )
1641:
787:, where it is cooked three times in three changes of boiling water to remove some of the harmful components. Toxic constituents which have been identified include the alkaloids
334:
growing from 1 to 25 m (3 to 80 ft) tall. They have alternate simple leaves, pointed at the end, with entire or crinkled margins; the leaves can be either
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1210:, photograph by Roland M. Harper, DeKalb County, Alabama, 9/26/1948, from the University Libraries Division of Special Collections,
1435:
1033:. Publications of Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series. Volume XIII Part II pp. 553–556. University of Illinois.
1585:
922:
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867:, the constant number (six) of carpels per fruit and pendulous placentation support the recognition of a new genus,
67:
1590:
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1505:
1211:
947:
Ed Dinger "Allen
Canning Company". International Directory of Company Histories. FindArticles.com. 15 Apr, 2011.
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bases to their trunks, and very soft wood with a high water storage capacity which makes them resistant to
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are present (in the leaves, stems, roots, blossoms, berries etc.) in many species which are poisonous to
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600:
485:
19:
This article is about a genus of plants many of which are called pokeweeds. For
American Pokeweed, see
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779:
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of South
America and is one of the few providers of shade on the open grassland. It is a symbol of
651:
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4 to 12 millimetres (0.2 to 0.5 in) diameter, green at first, ripening dark purple to black.
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with very hard outer shells remain intact in the digestive system and are eliminated whole.
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Kunth – Tropical and subtropical South
America (sometimes included in
1427:
900:. United States Department of Agriculture. 1996-09-17. Archived from
844:
840:
828:
812:
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732:
617:
585:
581:
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347:
343:
301:
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549:. Subtropical and tropical regions worldwide (sometimes included in
382:
The following species are accepted by one or more regional floras:
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949:
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_gx5202/is_2005/ai_n19123469/
848:
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462:
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213:
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Iowa
Cooperative Extension Service publication Pm-746 "POKEWEED"
396:
331:
313:
305:
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1207:
751:
from Peru also grows to tree size. Both species have massively
1323:
691:
289:
1062:. United States Department of Agriculture. Archived from
855:, a berry anatomy that is similar to that of the genus
708:
378:
Nymboida
National Park, NSW, Australia, August 2014.
350:
at the ends of the stems. They develop into globose
1642:
Plants used in traditional Native
American medicine
1229:
604:
Kunth & C.D.Bouché – Central and South
America.
304:if not prepared properly. The berries are eaten by
1176:"Canadian Poisonous Plants Information System"
1105:Catalogue of the Vascular Plants of Madagascar
843:, each containing a single seed with a curved
628:Fenzl ex J.A.Schmidt – Northern South America.
319:The genus comprises about 25 to 35 species of
1124:"Pokeweed: An Interesting American Vegetable"
1046:
1044:
1042:
346:are greenish-white to pink, produced in long
8:
966:. Vol. 3 M-Q. CRC Press. p. 2065.
561:Batalin – Central and southwest China (syn.
269:
1217:
45:
34:
1005:
1003:
232:. Some members of the genus are known as
342:. The stems are green, pink or red. The
1084:
1082:
1080:
1060:Germplasm Resources Information Network
985:
983:
938:Annual Poke Sallet Festival, Harlan, KY
898:Germplasm Resources Information Network
879:
264:. The generic name is derived from the
1025:
1023:
885:
883:
366:Although many species are herbaceous,
7:
1591:acd79a19-9e67-4df3-9df2-b4df8906b881
1516:1771f833-fa75-495d-91de-514d05f95e14
863:shares reproductive characters with
963:CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names
770:, pokeweed is an invasive species.
14:
1555:urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:327321-2
1208:Big Phytolacca, about 8 ft. high
695:
308:, which are not affected by the
66:
521:L. – Central and South America.
823:) Cerro del Pueblo Formation,
1:
960:Quattrocchi, Umberto (2000).
869:Coahuilacarpon phytolaccoides
859:. Though this new plant from
839:composed of berries with six
252:. Other names for species of
815:has been described from the
529:Makino – Eastern Asia (syn.
481:. Subtropical South America.
278:), meaning "plant," and the
1658:
465:(possibly synonymous with
30:, also called Indian poke.
25:
18:
1212:The University of Alabama
1052:"GRIN Species Records of
731:) grows as a tree on the
270:
236:or similar names such as
193:
186:
179:
172:
63:Scientific classification
61:
53:
44:
37:
1029:MacBride, J. F. (1937).
370:forms a substantial tree
26:Not to be confused with
609:Phytolacca sandwicensis
506:Phytolacca heterotepala
395:. Southern and eastern
181:About 25 to 35 species
1092:Volume 6 pp. 143–145.
1088:Reiche, K. (undated).
1010:Flora of North America
923:"Poke sallet festival"
847:developed in a curved
633:Phytolacca weberbaueri
625:Phytolacca thyrsiflora
379:
371:
785:southern U.S. cuisine
601:Phytolacca rivinoides
486:Phytolacca dodecandra
446:Phytolacca bogotensis
377:
365:
875:Notes and references
780:Phytolacca americana
645:Formerly placed here
558:Phytolacca polyandra
518:Phytolacca icosandra
458:Phytolacca chilensis
435:Phytolacca australis
412:Phytolacca americana
199:Bertero ex Ruschenb.
21:Phytolacca americana
570:Phytolacca pruinosa
542:Phytolacca octandra
526:Phytolacca japonica
1122:Armstrong, Wayne.
707:. You can help by
670:Terminalia catappa
578:Levantine Pokeweed
388:Phytolacca acinosa
380:
372:
57:foliage and fruit
55:Phytolacca acinosa
1614:
1613:
1524:Open Tree of Life
1223:Taxon identifiers
973:978-0-8493-2677-6
764:Pacific Northwest
729:Phytolacca dioica
725:
724:
682:
675:
664:
657:
614:Hawaiian Pokeweed
489:L'Hér. – Eastern
474:Phytolacca dioica
420:American pokeweed
205:
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200:
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1493:NHMSYS0000461243
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1156:"A Mess of Poke"
1154:Adams, Allison.
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925:. Archived from
919:
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909:
887:
817:Upper Cretaceous
720:
717:
699:
692:
680:
673:
662:
655:
535:P. zhejiangensis
511:Mexican pokeweed
461:Miers – central
438:Phil. – Western
358:Selected species
273:
272:
218:perennial plants
198:
164:
71:
70:
49:
35:
1657:
1656:
1652:
1651:
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1632:Leaf vegetables
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916:
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905:
889:
888:
881:
877:
851:with pendulous
805:
795:, as well as a
793:phytolaccotoxin
776:
721:
715:
712:
705:needs expansion
690:
647:
360:
298:phytolaccigenin
294:Phytolaccatoxin
163:
149:Phytolaccoideae
65:
31:
28:Veratrum viride
24:
17:
16:Genus of plants
12:
11:
5:
1655:
1653:
1645:
1644:
1639:
1634:
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1604:wfo-4000029587
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1203:
1202:External links
1200:
1198:
1197:
1187:
1167:
1146:
1135:
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1097:
1090:Flora de Chile
1076:
1038:
1019:
999:
990:Flora of China
979:
972:
952:
940:
914:
878:
876:
873:
837:infructescence
833:permineralized
804:
801:
775:
772:
749:P. weberbaueri
723:
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139:Phytolaccaceae
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129:Caryophyllales
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1066:on 2000-10-27
1065:
1061:
1057:
1055:
1047:
1045:
1043:
1039:
1036:
1032:
1031:Flora of Peru
1026:
1024:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1011:
1006:
1004:
1000:
997:
996:
991:
986:
984:
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944:
941:
929:on 2011-09-07
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915:
904:on 2009-01-15
903:
899:
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858:
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850:
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803:Fossil record
802:
800:
798:
794:
790:
786:
782:
781:
773:
771:
769:
768:North America
765:
760:
759:and drought.
758:
754:
750:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
719:
716:December 2011
710:
706:
703:This section
701:
698:
694:
693:
687:
679:
672:
671:
667:
661:
656:(L.) Ridsdale
654:
653:
652:Leea asiatica
649:
648:
644:
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627:
626:
622:
619:
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583:
579:
575:
572:
571:
567:
564:
560:
559:
555:
552:
548:
544:
543:
539:
536:
533:Hand.-Mazz.,
532:
531:P. hunanensis
528:
527:
523:
520:
519:
515:
512:
508:
507:
503:
500:
499:P. abyssinica
496:
492:
488:
487:
483:
480:
476:
475:
471:
468:
464:
460:
459:
455:
452:
448:
447:
443:
441:
440:South America
437:
436:
432:
429:
425:
424:North America
421:
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409:
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251:
247:
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226:South America
223:
222:North America
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101:
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93:Tracheophytes
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74:
69:
64:
60:
56:
52:
48:
43:
40:
36:
33:
29:
22:
1230:
1190:
1179:. Retrieved
1170:
1159:. Retrieved
1149:
1138:
1127:. Retrieved
1117:
1109:
1104:
1100:
1089:
1068:. Retrieved
1064:the original
1059:
1053:
1030:
1014:
1009:
994:
989:
962:
955:
943:
931:. Retrieved
927:the original
917:
906:. Retrieved
902:the original
897:
892:
868:
864:
856:
853:placentation
808:
806:
797:glycoprotein
789:phytolaccine
778:
777:
761:
748:
726:
713:
709:adding to it
704:
677:
668:
659:
650:
637:
631:
623:
613:
607:
599:
577:
568:
563:P. clavigera
562:
556:
551:P. icosandra
550:
547:Red inkplant
546:
540:
534:
530:
524:
516:
510:
504:
498:
484:
478:
472:
467:P. icosandra
466:
456:
451:P. icosandra
450:
444:
433:
427:
419:
410:
404:
403:Van Houtte,
401:P. esculenta
400:
392:
386:
381:
367:
318:
312:. The small
283:
275:
261:
257:
253:
249:
245:
241:
237:
233:
208:
207:
206:
195:
194:
180:
159:
158:
112:
99:
86:
54:
38:
32:
1423:iNaturalist
1255:Wikispecies
757:grass fires
678:P. javanica
660:P. asiatica
580:. Southern
565:W.W.Smith).
428:P. decandra
405:P. latbenia
393:Indian poke
250:poke sallet
145:Subfamily:
106:Angiosperms
1637:Plant dyes
1627:Phytolacca
1621:Categories
1376:Phytolacca
1311:Phytolacca
1261:Phytolacca
1231:Phytolacca
1181:2009-12-03
1161:2011-10-17
1129:2007-07-21
1110:Phytolacca
1070:2011-02-03
1054:Phytolacca
1015:Phytolacca
995:Phytolacca
933:2011-07-03
908:2011-02-03
893:Phytolacca
865:Phytolacca
857:Phytolacca
831:, it is a
809:Phytolacca
753:buttressed
727:The ombú (
636:H.Walt. –
509:H.Walt. –
495:Madagascar
254:Phytolacca
220:native to
209:Phytolacca
160:Phytolacca
39:Phytolacca
1345:FloraBase
1094:Full text
1035:Full text
835:multiple
821:Campanian
747:culture.
741:Argentina
537:W.T.Fan).
513:. Mexico.
368:P. dioica
340:evergreen
336:deciduous
321:perennial
242:pokeberry
234:pokeweeds
230:East Asia
76:Kingdom:
1586:VicFlora
1575:VASCAN:
1568:40008375
1563:Tropicos
1306:eFloraSA
1240:Wikidata
891:"Genus:
861:Coahuila
825:Coahuila
612:Endl. –
501:Hoffm.).
391:Roxb. –
288:, a red
258:inkberry
256:include
246:pokeroot
238:pokebush
196:Pircunia
188:Synonyms
135:Family:
119:Eudicots
1454:1071800
1441:31936-1
1402:3084013
1246:Q162075
841:locules
762:In the
737:Uruguay
688:Ecology
640:. Peru.
590:Lebanon
352:berries
348:racemes
344:flowers
302:mammals
174:Species
155:Genus:
125:Order:
80:Plantae
1537:PLANTS
1529:216618
1513:NZOR:
1389:125362
1363:125362
1272:193714
1269:APDB:
970:
845:embryo
829:Mexico
819:(late
813:fossil
811:-like
745:gaucho
733:pampas
681:Osbeck
618:Hawaii
586:Cyprus
582:Turkey
497:(syn.
491:Africa
426:(syn.
399:(syn.
330:, and
328:shrubs
276:phyton
1542:PHYTO
1480:19522
1467:39943
1449:IRMNG
1428:48601
1371:FoAO2
1350:21397
1337:1PHTG
1324:39080
1298:63MCK
1285:98079
849:ovule
638:Yumbi
594:Syria
574:Fenzl
545:L. –
477:L. –
463:Chile
332:trees
324:herbs
314:seeds
310:toxin
306:birds
285:lacca
282:word
280:Latin
271:φυτόν
268:word
266:Greek
214:genus
212:is a
113:Clade
100:Clade
87:Clade
1578:1546
1550:POWO
1506:3526
1501:NCBI
1475:ITIS
1436:IPNI
1415:9362
1410:GRIN
1397:GBIF
1332:EPPO
1280:APNI
1195:2008
968:ISBN
791:and
774:Uses
743:and
676:(as
658:(as
592:and
479:Ombú
397:Asia
296:and
262:ombú
260:and
228:and
1599:WFO
1488:NBN
1462:ISC
1384:FoC
1358:FNA
1319:EoL
1293:CoL
895:L."
766:of
711:.
430:L.)
338:or
290:dye
248:or
216:of
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807:A
799:.
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674:L.
663:L.
616:.
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584:,
576:–
553:).
493:,
453:).
422:.
418:–
416:L.
326:,
292:.
244:,
240:,
224:,
166:L.
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718:)
714:(
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665:)
620:.
596:.
469:)
274:(
23:.
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