190:. Though the relationship between Beethoven and Archduke Rudolf had its challenges, Beethoven was indebted to him for his unwavering financial support, on which account Beethoven continued to dedicate works to him. In this work, Beethoven increases the independence of the piano's role in relation to the violin and cello and in comparison with his earlier piano trios. There is much debate over the amount of time Beethoven dedicated to composing the Archduke Trio, though an earlier autograph from March 1811 could prove that it was composed in only three weeks' time. At this time, Beethoven was experiencing great success with his compositions and pitting publishers against each other. He may have been considering marriage according to personal correspondence via letters. Beethoven also wrote personally to Archduke Rudolf with the newly composed trio to have it copied within the archduke's palace out of fear that it would be stolen. This was a frequent transaction between the two and resulted in the archduke establishing a library of all of Beethoven's compositions with manuscript copies for preservation.
125:
39:
294:
This finale movement is as expected in the home key of B-flat major and employs a loose interpretation of the Rondo Sonata form structure: A B A' B A' (Coda) The similarities between all four movements rhythm can be seem culminated here where
Beethoven increasingly shortens the rhythmic values before
273:
Also in the home key of B-flat major, the second movement consists of a fast scherzo and trio rather than the traditional slow movement. Some editions show the repeats of scherzo and trio sections, but
Beethoven published it originally as written out repeats. The triad used as motivic material in the
233:
attended the premiere, and wrote about the work, "in the case of how many compositions is the word 'new' misapplied! But never in
Beethoven's, and least of all in this, which again is full of originality. His playing, aside from its intellectual element, satisfied me less, being wanting in clarity
303:
Though there were complaints directed towards
Beethoven after the public premiere regarding his abilities as a performer due to his increasing deafness, the trio itself enjoyed much success and was quickly considered as one of his masterpieces. His reputation and credibility as a composer did not
124:
295:
bar lines. During the lengthy coda, there is a stray in key centers as far as A major and E flat Major until returning to B-flat major at the end. Beethoven himself indicated during a rehearsal of the piece that it should not be played in a gentle manner, but with much energy and force.
680:
169:
The
Archduke Trio was written late in Beethoven's so-called "middle period". He sketched out the draft for it in the summer of 1810 and completed the composition in March 1811. It follows the traditional four movement structure with
198:
Two days after completion in 1811, Beethoven played the
Archduke Trio in an informal setting at the Baron Neuworth's residency with no known performance after until 1814. The first public performance was given by Beethoven himself,
254:
This first movement is in the home key of B-flat major and is in Sonata form. The first two measures present a motif consisting of five notes which are used throughout the trio in various altered forms. The main theme remains
211:
on April 11, 1814. At the time, Beethoven's deafness compromised his ability as a performer, and after a repeat performance a few weeks later, Beethoven never appeared again in public as a pianist.
286:
and is approached attacca to the finale movement. There has been some debate over the specific tempo intended by
Beethoven as to the authenticity of the inclusion of "con moto" in the score.
226:
he played so softly that whole groups of notes were omitted, so that the music was unintelligible unless one could look into the pianoforte part. I was deeply saddened at so hard a fate."
384:
the recording figures prominently in the title character's musical development as well as the foil (the album cover) for an internal examination of how her life might have been different
218:
witnessed a rehearsal of the work, and wrote, "on account of his deafness there was scarcely anything left of the virtuosity of the artist which had formerly been so greatly admired. In
657:
432:
708:
436:
360:(2002), the piece and its history are used to explain the relationship between two main characters, Nakata and Hoshino, and the latter's development as a person.
783:
773:
821:
802:
159:
93:
661:
596:
577:
166:. Rudolf was an amateur pianist and a patron, friend, and composition student of Beethoven. Beethoven dedicated about a dozen compositions to him.
369:
750:
831:
373:(2001), the melancholic third movement of this work plays a central role, particularly in the climactic final scene in the electric chair.
701:
638:
516:
486:
836:
755:
675:
306:
778:
737:
732:
694:
163:
234:
and precision; but I observed many traces of the grand style of playing which I had long recognized in his compositions."
310:
viewed the trio as typical of the composer's output with nothing out of the ordinary. They considered the scherzo to be
45:
826:
315:
559:
314:
in nature, which speaks to what music textures were still acceptable for audiences at this time between the
187:
178:
in the last movement. It also allows for a more prominent part for the piano than previous compositions.
666:
574:
721:
145:
30:
417:
Thayer1; Krehbiel2; Deiters3; Riemann4, Alexander
Wheelock1; Henry Edward2; Hermann3; Hugo4 (1921).
742:
426:
356:
200:
128:
Sketches for the third and fourth movements of Piano Trio, op. 97, 1810–1811, musical autograph
788:
634:
512:
482:
377:
340:
256:
243:
38:
671:
581:
351:
230:
186:
The
Archduke Trio came to fruition just months after a highly successful premiere of his
319:
283:
686:
614:
Beethoven's critics: aesthetic dilemmas and resolutions during the composer's lifetime
326:
issued a call to musicians to perform the piece with much dedication and inspiration.
815:
364:
381:
311:
137:
57:
628:
222:
passages the poor deaf man pounded on the keys until the strings jangled, and in
215:
204:
171:
141:
64:
575:
Historically
Informed Performances: “Archduke” and “Ghost” Trios, by John Moran
717:
149:
549:. Ann Arbor, Michigan: University Microfilms International. pp. 138–153.
304:
diminish, but rather continued to soar. Music journals such as the
175:
123:
597:
Beethoven: Illustrated Lives Of The Great Composers, by Ates Orga
547:
The piano trios of Beethoven: an historical and analytical study
690:
511:. Cary: Oxford University Press, Incorporated. pp. 62–64.
246:. A typical performance runs more than 40 minutes in length.
274:
first movement is presented as scales here in the second.
421:. New York: The Beethoven Association. pp. 170–270.
282:
The third movement is in the key of D major and follows
481:. Woodbridge, UK: The Boydell Press. pp. 193–200.
152:
completed in 1811. It is commonly referred to as the
733:
Three Trios, Op. 1 in E-flat major, G major, C minor
114:
99:
89:
73:
63:
53:
18:
702:
584:bf.press.illinois.edu, accessed 17 April 2014
8:
803:List of compositions by Ludwig van Beethoven
431:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
709:
695:
687:
435:) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
188:Battle Symphony (Wellingtons Sieg, Op. 91)
37:
15:
662:International Music Score Library Project
616:. Cambridge University Press. p. 93.
681:Information and digitized early editions
570:
568:
592:
590:
509:Chamber Music : A Listener's Guide
394:
683:at the Beethoven-Haus Digital Archives
472:
470:
468:
466:
424:
540:
538:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
502:
500:
498:
464:
462:
460:
458:
456:
454:
452:
450:
448:
446:
412:
410:
408:
406:
404:
402:
400:
398:
261:until the coda where it returns at a
162:, the youngest of twelve children of
7:
607:
605:
479:Beethoven's Chamber Music in Context
822:Piano trios by Ludwig van Beethoven
278:Andante cantabile, ma però con moto
751:Variations in E-flat major, Op. 44
14:
658:Piano Trio in B-flat major, Op.97
562:imslp.org, accessed 17 April 2014
560:Piano Trio in B-flat major, Op.97
545:Hiebert, Elfrieda Franz (1988).
676:Isabella Stewart Gardner Museum
324:Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung
307:Allgemeine Musikalische Zeitung
43:Beethoven in 1815, portrait by
756:Two Trios, Op. 70 in D major (
746:(arranged from Septet, Op. 20)
339:, plays a significant role in
207:(cello) at the Viennese hotel
164:Leopold II, Holy Roman Emperor
158:, because it was dedicated to
1:
330:References in popular culture
832:Compositions in B-flat major
633:. Random House Large Print.
419:Life of Ludwig van Beethoven
214:The violinist and composer
160:Archduke Rudolph of Austria
94:Archduke Rudolph of Austria
853:
627:George, Elizabeth (2001).
800:
728:
335:The trio, referred to as
229:The pianist and composer
36:
28:
23:
765:Op. 97 in B-flat major (
370:The Man Who Wasn't There
322:. Likewise, in 1823 the
46:Joseph Willibrord Mähler
612:Wallace, Robin (1986).
103:11 April 1814
837:Music with dedications
784:WoO 39 in B-flat major
779:WoO 38 in E-flat major
743:Op. 38 in E-flat major
738:Op. 11 in B-flat major
599:accessed 17 April 2014
507:Keller, James (2014).
477:Watson, Angus (2010).
129:
667:BBC Discovering Music
127:
722:Ludwig van Beethoven
242:The work is in four
209:Zum römischen Kaiser
146:Ludwig van Beethoven
31:Ludwig van Beethoven
630:A Traitor to Memory
345:A Traitor to Memory
760:) and E-flat major
580:2016-03-04 at the
357:Kafka on the Shore
201:Ignaz Schuppanzigh
194:First performances
182:Historical Context
130:
827:1811 compositions
809:
808:
790:Kakadu Variations
774:WoO 37 in G major
747:
269:Scherzo (Allegro)
176:rondo sonata form
174:in the first and
122:
121:
844:
745:
711:
704:
697:
688:
660:: Scores at the
645:
644:
624:
618:
617:
609:
600:
594:
585:
572:
563:
557:
551:
550:
542:
523:
522:
504:
493:
492:
474:
441:
440:
430:
422:
414:
341:Elizabeth George
290:Allegro moderato
250:Allegro moderato
110:
108:
84:
82:
48:
41:
16:
852:
851:
847:
846:
845:
843:
842:
841:
812:
811:
810:
805:
796:
724:
715:
672:Concert Podcast
654:
649:
648:
641:
626:
625:
621:
611:
610:
603:
595:
588:
582:Wayback Machine
573:
566:
558:
554:
544:
543:
526:
519:
506:
505:
496:
489:
476:
475:
444:
423:
416:
415:
396:
391:
352:Haruki Murakami
332:
301:
292:
280:
271:
252:
240:
231:Ignaz Moscheles
196:
184:
106:
104:
80:
78:
49:
44:
24:"Archduke Trio"
12:
11:
5:
850:
848:
840:
839:
834:
829:
824:
814:
813:
807:
806:
801:
798:
797:
795:
794:
786:
781:
776:
771:
762:
753:
748:
740:
735:
729:
726:
725:
716:
714:
713:
706:
699:
691:
685:
684:
678:
669:
664:
653:
652:External links
650:
647:
646:
639:
619:
601:
586:
564:
552:
524:
517:
494:
487:
442:
393:
392:
390:
387:
386:
385:
374:
361:
348:
331:
328:
300:
297:
291:
288:
284:variation form
279:
276:
270:
267:
251:
248:
239:
236:
203:(violin), and
195:
192:
183:
180:
120:
119:
116:
112:
111:
101:
97:
96:
91:
87:
86:
75:
71:
70:
67:
61:
60:
55:
51:
50:
42:
34:
33:
26:
25:
21:
20:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
849:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
819:
817:
804:
799:
793:
791:
787:
785:
782:
780:
777:
775:
772:
770:
768:
763:
761:
759:
754:
752:
749:
744:
741:
739:
736:
734:
731:
730:
727:
723:
719:
712:
707:
705:
700:
698:
693:
692:
689:
682:
679:
677:
673:
670:
668:
665:
663:
659:
656:
655:
651:
642:
640:9780375431135
636:
632:
631:
623:
620:
615:
608:
606:
602:
598:
593:
591:
587:
583:
579:
576:
571:
569:
565:
561:
556:
553:
548:
541:
539:
537:
535:
533:
531:
529:
525:
520:
518:9780199700080
514:
510:
503:
501:
499:
495:
490:
488:9781843835776
484:
480:
473:
471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
459:
457:
455:
453:
451:
449:
447:
443:
438:
434:
428:
420:
413:
411:
409:
407:
405:
403:
401:
399:
395:
388:
383:
379:
375:
372:
371:
366:
365:Coen Brothers
362:
359:
358:
353:
349:
346:
342:
338:
334:
333:
329:
327:
325:
321:
320:Romantic eras
317:
313:
309:
308:
298:
296:
289:
287:
285:
277:
275:
268:
266:
264:
260:
259:
249:
247:
245:
237:
235:
232:
227:
225:
221:
217:
212:
210:
206:
202:
193:
191:
189:
181:
179:
177:
173:
167:
165:
161:
157:
156:
155:Archduke Trio
151:
147:
143:
139:
135:
126:
117:
113:
102:
98:
95:
92:
88:
76:
72:
68:
66:
62:
59:
56:
52:
47:
40:
35:
32:
27:
22:
17:
789:
766:
764:
757:
629:
622:
613:
555:
546:
508:
478:
418:
382:Nora Webster
368:
355:
344:
337:The Archduke
336:
323:
312:contrapuntal
305:
302:
293:
281:
272:
265:indication.
262:
257:
253:
241:
228:
223:
219:
213:
208:
197:
185:
168:
154:
153:
138:B-flat major
133:
131:
58:B-flat major
718:Piano trios
378:Colm Toibin
343:'s mystery
216:Louis Spohr
205:Josef Linke
172:sonata form
816:Categories
792:, Op. 121a
263:fortissimo
150:piano trio
134:Piano Trio
107:1814-04-11
90:Dedication
19:Piano Trio
427:cite book
389:Footnotes
354:'s novel
316:Classical
299:Reception
244:movements
238:Structure
144:. 97, by
115:Movements
100:Performed
767:Archduke
578:Archived
367:'s film
74:Composed
363:In the
105: (
79: (
637:
515:
485:
347:(2001)
758:Ghost
674:from
258:piano
224:piano
220:forte
148:is a
635:ISBN
513:ISBN
483:ISBN
437:link
433:link
318:and
132:The
118:Four
81:1810
77:1810
65:Opus
720:by
380:'s
376:In
350:In
136:in
85:–11
54:Key
29:by
818::
604:^
589:^
567:^
527:^
497:^
445:^
429:}}
425:{{
397:^
142:Op
140:,
69:97
769:)
710:e
703:t
696:v
643:.
521:.
491:.
439:)
109:)
83:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
