559:. The new couple settled in a city house at the corner of Saint-Paul and Bonsecours streets. A first child, a boy, was born July 7, 1772. The small Jean-Pierre died in early age on the coming August 31. On November 8, 1773, Marie-Louise gave birth to a second boy, whom they name Jean Dumas, in honour of the child's godfather Jean Dumas Saint-Pierre. The couple had a third boy on October 16, 1774. He was named Guy, in honour of governor
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524:. All this support was necessary for him to ensure the liquidation of his succession because he was Protestant and the French laws were then unfavourable to non-Catholics. In January 1766, after a year-long sojourn, the business was over with and he went back to London. In the Spring, he embarked for Quebec on board a vessel named the
631:, friend of du Calvet, who on September 6, 1764, lost an ear during an assault on his person. According to du Calvet, John Fraser entertained animosity towards him from this period. On June 29, 1771, Fraser and du Calvet engaged in a fist fight in front of du Calvet's house, that is opposite that of Fraser.
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to let his cause be known to the
English public. Not conversant in the English language, he received the help of Francis Maseres and Petier Livius to write the document, which contains a detailed account of his confrontation with judge Fraser, his arrest, sequestration, his numerous letters asking to
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to be authorized to leave the district of
Montreal. Governor Murray however requested that du Calvet delays his departure to go on yet another mission in Acadia. His task was to count the number of Acadians still left in Acadia and offer them to be transported safely to Quebec. This last humanitarian
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While the trial of
Haldimand never took place, the actions taken by du Calvet had a decisive influence on the course of Quebec's history. He undoubtedly contributed to the involvement of citizens, French-speaking and English-speaking, Catholic and Protestant, in a common effort to obtain a House of
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To finance his lawsuit against
Haldimand, he needed money. While in London he decided to cross the Atlantic to reach Philadelphia and recover the money owed to him by the American Congress. He presented himself before the Congressmen to claim the amount he believed was his, but was paid back only
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conducted his private affairs in
America. During this long voyage in Europe, he made several contacts in the English-speaking world. Even if his English was defective, he was well received a little everywhere, helped as he was with invaluable letters of introductions from governor Murray. Amongst
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He was again charged with a mission in Acadia, this time to perform a population census on the
Acadians and determine ways to provide assistance to them. He left Montreal on January 18, at the head of a group of some 60 Acadians and a few Amerindian guides. With him was the commander in chief of
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which aimed for the uniformisation of the administration of justice in the province of Quebec. The new administrative measures promulgated on
February 1 did not satisfy him and he continued to voice for reform thereafter. He wrote a few open letters which he published in the
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Province de Québec, district de Montréal, Cour des plaidoyers communs, Brook Watson & Robert
Rashleigh, négociants de Londres, stipulant pour eux, Pierre Panet, écuyer, fondé de leur procuration, demandeurs contre Pierre du calvet, de Montréal, écuyer, défendeur :
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His public denunciation of the abuses of justice by certain judges among his colleagues attracted him both friends and enemies. His actions for the improvement of the system and administration of justice were praised by
Governor Carleton, attorney general
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proceeded to arrest du Calvet. He was incarcerated during three years, from
September 27, 1780, to May 2, 1783. From the first day of his arrest, he never ceased to claim his innocence and requested that a legal trial be given to him.
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had founded the first newspaper of Montreal and the first French-only one in the history of Quebec as well. Pierre du Calvet continued his public denunciation of the administration of justice by publishing open letters in it.
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withdrew his men from the province of Quebec. Before leaving the country, the army of the Congress had delivered du Calvet promissory notes of reimbursement which he later used to claim back 56,394 pounds to the Congress.
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for the district of Montreal. Hardly just returned, he again left Canada, in November, to deal with trade matters in England, and only returned home in April 1767, called by his duty of Justice of the Peace.
438:) bound for England and Spain. In return he imported various goods from Europe such as spirits and products for domestic use. His trade was prosperous. Between 1772 and 1776, he exported approximately 35,000
402:. In a letter to his father date June 28, du Cavet recites the historic battle and the subsequent siege. The siege was lift up on May 16, and du Calvet returned to Montreal with everyone else still alive.
367:, wrote him a letter of appreciation dated August 28 for the good care given to all the prisoners. On September 10, he was also given a certificate recognizing the humane treatment of the said prisoners.
876:
The Case of Peter Du Calvet, Esq., of Montreal in the Province of Quebeck, containing, amongst other things worth notice, an account of the long and severe imprisonment he suffered in the said province
788:, a collection of letters to British officials and to the people of Quebec, intended to inform them of his actions to obtain both justice in his personal cause and a new constitution for the province.
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Following the capitulation of the government of New France on September 8, 1760, he remained in Montreal. During the winter, he met with William Caesar McCormick again and was recommended to General
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confession, had his children baptized as Catholics. He however passed on his Protestant faith to them. His mother was Anne Boudet. His family is said to be of noble origin and owned a domain at
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A cousin-in-law, Mr. Guireaud, provided him with the capital needed to purchase the goods he intended to trade in New France. Du Calvet thus embarked for Quebec City on board the merchant ship
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John Fraser, captain of 60th British Royal Regiment, became Justice of the Peace in 1765, shortly after being released, for lack of evidence, in a case of violence involving him and merchant
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from where he dealt with the succession of his uncle. He then passed to France to sell the family domain of Montalzat. He only came back to Montreal in June 1766. During his absence,
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In the climate of high suspicion that precedes the entry of the Congress's army on the territory of the province of Quebec, many citizens were arrested and among them was du Calvet.
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mission, which he accepted, kept him busy from July to October 1761. It seems he abandoned his project to return to Europe afterward because in January 1762, he was in Montreal.
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in April 1758. His boat was shipwrecked about 100 miles from Quebec. His cargo lost, he was forced to find employment on his arrival in the capital of Canada towards mid-June.
870:
Mémoire en réponse à l'écrit public, de Me Panet, fondé de procuration de Watson & Rasleigh de Londres, demandeurs, contre Pierre du Calvet de Montréal, écuyer, défendeur
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In January 1762, he settled in Montreal where he finally started his import-export business. He exported corn and peltries which he loaded aboard the trading vessels of the
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in Acadia. He was responsible to provide for the needs of three to four thousand Acadians deported by the British government in 1755. He remained there until autumn 1759.
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Assembly for the province of Quebec. Indeed, a few months after the probable arrival of the first copies of his collection of letters, numerous persons were signing the
678:, accused du Calvet of collaboration with the "rebels". On October 6, his case was heard before the court and on October 9 a jury rejected the accusation as unfounded.
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563:. Sadly, this last child died on May 11, having had one too difficult winter. The mother joined her first and her last in the tomb in December of the same year.
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On December 6, 1780, a little over a month after his arrest, governor Haldimand accepted the request for the release of du Calvet which legislative councillor
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on November 14. During the 6-month long occupation of Montreal by the Congress' armies, du Calvet's stores were under requisition for the service of the army.
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parts of it. On March 3, the Spanish ship transporting him to Paris left the port of New York. On March 15, the Spanish ship was declared lost in sea.
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without a fight. Du Calvet was part of a committee of citizens who greeted the representatives of the Continental Congress with an address, written by
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Out of prison, du Calvet left the continent for London where he intended to put governor Haldimand to trial for violating the British constitution.
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Appel à la justice de l’État; ou recueil de lettres au roi, au prince de Galles, et aux ministres; avec une lettre à messieurs les Canadiens, ...
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On October 3, 1771, at 36 years of age, he married Marie-Louise Jusseaume. 20 years old, she was the daughter of his friend Pierre Jusseaume and
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plus some peltries, and imported great quantities of goods which he sold off in the district of Montreal. On March 3, 1774, he purchased the
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Du Calvet seemed to have put a great zeal in the exercise of his public duties and was soon praised by the Chief Justice the province,
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by him. Du Calvet, was determined to return to Europe and consequently was in need to get to Quebec to obtain a passport from governor
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was appointed to replace Guy Carleton in the spring of 1777 and landed in the province's capital on June 26, 1778. A month before,
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616:. He however was placed at odds with a few fellow-members in the magistracy, including his neighbour John Fraser, as well as
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did not provide for, and have this representative body send delegates to the upcoming continental Congress, to be held in
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and surrender of Montreal on September 8. He left for Quebec City on April 20, accompanying the expedition commanded by
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He received a Catholic education without renouncing his Calvinism. Judging from his writings, he certainly studied the
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837:. Relating in verse the story of his fight, he made him a national hero, the "first champion of our civic battles".
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L'héroïsation dans le discours épistolaire et l'autobiographie : le cas de Pierre du Calvet (1735–1786)
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Du Calvet thereafter left for Montreal after having learned, while passing through Quebec City, that the
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was severely criticized. The people were invited to give themselves the provincial representation the
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Andrès, Bernard. "La passion du combat dans les lettres de Pierre du Calvet", in Manon Brunet (dir.)
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Appel à la justice de l'État de Pierre du Calvet, Champion des droits démocratiques au Québec
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in December 1867. Like numerous others of his generation, he knew the story of du Calvet.
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The same year, FĂ©lix de Berey, mocked by du Calvet in one of his open letters, published
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In the summer of 1759, he took part to a mission to transfer British war prisoners to
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Du Calvet found a nurse, dame La Prise, to take care of Jean Dumas, his second son.
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246:). He was the oldest of a family of five children. His father, Pierre Calvet, of
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879:, London, March 1784 (in collaboration with Francis Maseres and Peter Livius)
1049:, Master's Thesis, département d'études littéraires, UQUAM, Montréal, 302 p.
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had submitted him. The Governor however changed his mind the day after.
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1084:, Montréal: G. Ducharme Libraire-éditeur, vol. 7, 1921, p. 76-98
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to "the one who inaugurated the most glorious period of our annals".
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On November 13, Montreal was taken by the army of Brigadier General
1098:", in the official Web site of the Vieux-Montréal, February 3, 2002
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On behalf of the government of New France, he was store keeper at
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Mémoire sur la forme judiciaire actuelle de la Province de Québec
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and acquitted by a jury declaring no grounds for the accusation.
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Mémoire sur la forme judiciaire actuelle de la Province de Québec
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In 1763, he learned of the death of one of his uncles living in
1077:, Doctoral thesis in philosophy, Université d'Ottawa, 280 pages
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On May 26, he published an open denunciation of his colleagues
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1103:
Correspondence between Pierre du Calvet and Benjamin Franklin
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RĂ©plique par le P. de Berey aux calomnies de Pierre du Calvet
413:, not without first obtaining another passport from governor
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Petition of Ancient and New Subjects for a House of Assembly
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in which the form of government given to the people by the
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In the summer of 1764, he left the province of Quebec for
1111:(four letters from Pierre du Calvet to Benjamin Franklin)
1005:
Tousignant, Pierre; Dionne-Tousignant, Madeleine (1979).
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arrived at Quebec. The Congress' troops were defeated at
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In 1769, he submitted a reform plan to the new governor
1080:
Sulte, Benjamin. "Monographie de Pierre du Calvet", in
1063:, (Excerpts), Sainte-Foy: Le Griffon d'argile, 64 pages
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de Lagrave, Jean-Paul and Ruelland, Jacques G. (1986).
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In Paris, he landed with letters of introductions for
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On May 2, 1783, he was finally released from prison.
386:. Upon his return, he was almost immediately sent to
818:evoked his memory in his last public speech at the
461:and two months later that of his father in France.
265:, was hanged on June 23, 1563, for introducing the
231:Pierre du Calvet was born in the Summer of 1735 in
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46:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
374:government had removed there following the city's
1126:, tableau by Nancy Macina, Ward-Nasse Art Gallery
1056:, Québec: Éditions Nota bene, 1990, p. 17-27
845:Papineau - Son influence sur la pensée canadienne
394:between the French and British Armies before the
1160:Huguenot participants in the American Revolution
589:, the only newspaper in the colony at the time.
531:On June 23, 1766, governor Murray appointed him
1054:Érudition et passion dans les écritures intimes
1061:Pierre du Calvet, Appel à la Justice de l'État
1015:. Vol. IV (1771–1800) (online ed.).
692:On May 6, British reinforcements commanded by
499:Secretary of State for the Southern Department
378:. He remained in Montreal until January 1760.
781:be trialled before a jury of his peers, etc.
8:
293:and the philosophy of his time, that of the
1091:, July 15, August 26, and September 9, 1905
731:, the attorney general, sued du Calvet for
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1070:, Master's Thesis, Université de Montréal
930:Tousignant & Dionne-Tousignant (1979)
747:On September 27, 1780, brigadier general
651:letter to the inhabitants of the province
106:Learn how and when to remove this message
1087:Chapais, Thomas. "Pierre du Calvet", in
1035:, Montréal: Éditions Maxime, 193 pages
955:The letter is integrally reproduced in
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477:others, he met the governor's brother,
592:On October 28, 1770, he submitted the
1068:Pierre du Calvet, l'homme et l'oeuvre
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956:
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363:, who was a prisoner captured in the
7:
990:. Sillery: Éditions du Septentrion.
44:adding citations to reliable sources
594:Secretary of State for the Colonies
14:
1009:. In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.).
474:Pierre Jusseaume dit Saint-Pierre
357:Jean-François Bourdon de Dombourg
1123:Pierre du Calvet House, Montreal
1012:Dictionary of Canadian Biography
843:dedicated chapter V of her book
598:Wills Hill, Earl of Hillsborough
20:
1165:18th-century Canadian merchants
1155:Pre-Confederation Quebec people
1108:The Papers of Benjamin Franklin
422:Trader and Justice of the Peace
301:, he quotes long excerpts from
31:needs additional citations for
557:Marie-Louise Boulay-dit-Boulet
192:(1735 – March 28, 1786) was a
1:
1075:Pierre du Calvet, monographie
1045:Saint-Germain, Annie (2000).
820:Institut canadien de Montréal
725:René-Ovide Hertel de Rouville
622:René-Ovide Hertel de Rouville
297:. In the main epistle of his
911:Michel Bastarache dit Basque
786:Appel à la Justice de l'État
776:In March 1784, he published
767:Appel à la Justice de l'État
765:
735:. He was defended by lawyer
514:British Ambassador to France
299:Appel à la Justice de l'État
1033:Pierre du Calvet. 1735-1786
1017:University of Toronto Press
986:Boyer, Jean-Pierre (2002).
833:in his collection of poems
778:The Case of Peter du Calvet
700:on June 8, and on June 15,
1181:
829:dedicated a poem entitled
638:
635:American Revolutionary War
448:seigniory of Rivière-David
365:Petitcodiac River Campaign
235:in the French province of
812:dated November 24, 1784.
645:On October 26, the first
641:Invasion of Canada (1775)
489:. In London, he met with
127:
1096:Pierre Du Calvet en 1785
1073:Gascon, Adélard (1947).
1031:Blanchet, Renée (2007).
674:, officer of militia at
522:Comte de Saint-Florentin
361:William Caesar McCormick
325:Emigration to New France
1066:Légaré, Michel (1976).
470:Jean Dumas-Saint-Martin
835:La LĂ©gende d'un peuple
784:In July, he published
506:Francis Seymour-Conway
428:Watson & Rashleigh
816:Louis-Joseph Papineau
737:William Dummer Powell
639:Further information:
537:Court of Common Pleas
392:last important battle
1130:Haldimand Collection
1101:Du Calvet, Pierre. "
1094:Ville de Montréal. "
1082:MĂ©langes historiques
672:Joseph Simon LĂ©onard
647:Continental Congress
600:, a memoir entitled
570:Political engagement
533:Justice of the Peace
510:Marquess of Hertford
201:justice of the peace
182:justice of the peace
40:improve this article
1007:"du Calvet, Pierre"
896:Frederick Haldimand
885:, London, July 1784
872:, Quebec City, 1779
859:, Quebec City, 1770
709:Frederick Haldimand
676:Pointe-aux-Trembles
516:and his secretary,
491:George Montagu-Dunk
382:French Acadia, Mr.
803:Political heritage
743:Political prisoner
683:Richard Montgomery
612:and Chief Justice
205:political prisoner
55:"Pierre du Calvet"
1041:978-2-921640-79-4
959:, pp. 97–101
757:François Lévesque
667:on May 10, 1775.
586:Gazette de Québec
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971:, p. 24
969:Boyer (2002)
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957:Boyer (2002)
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396:capitulation
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38:Please help
33:verification
30:
1150:1786 deaths
1145:1735 births
614:William Hey
545:William Hey
535:at the new
450:, close to
415:Thomas Gage
346:Restigouche
319:Machiavelli
254:, north of
244:département
239:(today the
168:Lost at sea
1139:Categories
917:References
729:James Monk
661:Quebec Act
656:Quebec Act
518:David Hume
497:, British
388:Sainte-Foy
384:Boishébert
287:French law
283:Humanities
211:writer of
161:1786-03-28
96:April 2015
66:newspapers
1089:La Presse
831:Du Calvet
825:In 1877,
769:and death
430:company (
372:Vaudreuil
342:Miramichi
303:Pufendorf
277:Education
271:Montauban
252:Montalzat
248:Calvinist
222:Biography
890:See also
864:défenses
551:Marriage
487:Scotland
483:Greenock
400:de LĂ©vis
390:for the
335:Bordeaux
256:Toulouse
233:Caussade
218:origin.
216:Huguenot
194:Montreal
144:Caussade
353:Halifax
331:Le Lion
311:Grotius
307:Gratian
237:Guyenne
209:epistle
80:scholar
1105:", in
1039:
994:
866:, 1778
512:, the
508:, 1st
493:, 2nd
466:London
444:minots
440:minots
289:, the
267:Reform
227:Family
213:French
197:trader
178:trader
148:France
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851:Works
733:libel
452:Sorel
315:Locke
87:JSTOR
73:books
1037:ISBN
992:ISBN
723:and
620:and
472:and
434:and
344:and
317:and
207:and
155:Died
140:1735
137:Born
59:news
485:in
269:in
42:by
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