20:
43:
1098:
121:
deposits. Geological stratification and/or a pedogenetic process of destruction and removal of clay has resulted in the relatively coarse-textured, light-coloured surface soil abruptly overlying finer textured subsoil; impeded downward percolation of water causes temporarily reducing conditions with
227:
land use on is normally less intensive than that on most other soils under the same climate conditions. Vast areas of
Planosols are used for extensive grazing. Wood production on Planosols is much lower than on other soils under the same conditions.
35:
248:. Yields are modest even on drained and deeply loosened soils. Root development on natural unmodified Planosols is hindered severely by oxygen deficiency in wet periods, dense subsoil and, in places, by
130:
Planosols cover an estimated 130 million hectares of the world. Major areas with
Planosols occur in subtropical and temperate regions with clear alternation of wet and dry seasons, as in
387:
Pedrotti, Alceu; Pauletto, Eloy
Antonio; Crestana, Silvio; Cruvinel, Paulo Estevão; Vaz, Carlos Manoel Pedro; Naime, João de Mendonça; Silva, Alvaro Macedo da (December 2003).
353:
Ana C. R. Lima; Willem. B. Hoogmoed; Eloy A. Pauletto; Luiz F. S. Pinto (2009). "Management
Systems in Irrigated Rice Affect Physical and Chemical Soil Properties".
532:
55:
81:
with significantly more clay than the surface horizon. In the US Soil
Classification of 1938 used the name Planosols, whereas its successor, the
809:
436:
469:
319:
515:
793:
798:
314:
IUSS Working Group WRB: World
Reference Base for Soil Resources, fourth edition. International Union of Soil Sciences, Vienna 2022.
803:
814:
337:
75:
834:
271:
are needed for good yields. In climates with long dry periods and short infrequent wet spells the best land use are
819:
829:
184:
164:
824:
787:
508:
1125:
1101:
297:
955:
110:
464:
W. Zech, P. Schad, G. Hintermaier-Erhard: Soils of the World. Springer, Berlin 2022, Chapter 9.3.4.
524:
302:
1075:
708:
501:
82:
323:
375:
1120:
990:
465:
423:
315:
106:
102:
453:
995:
487:
400:
362:
1060:
1045:
905:
389:"Planosol soil sample size for computerized tomography measurement of physical parameters"
180:
211:
Planosols in their natural state support a sparse grass vegetation, often with scattered
19:
1035:
980:
257:
188:
42:
1114:
1080:
965:
131:
97:
These soils are typically in seasonally waterlogged flat lands. They occur mainly in
405:
388:
1065:
1010:
414:
Jia, Huibin (30 December 2002). "Improvement of an
Extremely Hard Soil, Planosol".
67:
63:
416:
Journal of
Environmental Science Laboratory (Hokkaido College, Senshu University)
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970:
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292:
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1005:
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618:
593:
268:
245:
192:
98:
427:
376:"Effect on Physical-chemical Properties of Planosol with Subsoil Fertilizing"
1040:
985:
925:
688:
683:
673:
608:
578:
558:
272:
253:
200:
139:
118:
24:
439:[Mineral composition of gleyed planosol and silicate clay soils].
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940:
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a stagnic colour pattern, at least close to the abrupt textural change.
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147:
135:
78:
493:
1085:
1020:
761:
756:
658:
168:
236:
In the temperate zone these soils are mainly in grass or planted to
34:
454:"The Effect of Transforming Planosol by Using Subsoil Mixed Plough"
1000:
249:
241:
212:
172:
152:
71:
41:
33:
18:
338:
Major Soils of the World. ISRIC Wageningen, The
Netherlands, 2001
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855:
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280:
276:
264:
237:
220:
216:
59:
497:
1015:
452:
Delin Zhao; Feng Liu; Huibin Jia; Fuyu Hong (5 May 1994).
374:
En-Jun Kuang; Feng Liu; Wen-yi Guo (23 March 2008).
843:
780:
707:
531:
223:systems that can cope with temporary waterlogging.
74:stagnation and abruptly overlies a dense, slowly
113:regions. Planosols are formed mostly in clayey
509:
8:
275:. Strongly developed Planosols with a very
516:
502:
494:
404:
89:Albaqualfs, Albaquults and Argialbolls.
330:
267:. Other crops met with little success.
56:World Reference Base for Soil Resources
810:Canadian system of soil classification
283:surface soil are best left untouched.
7:
488:profile photos (with classification)
482:profile photos (with classification)
794:Unified Soil Classification System
380:Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences
14:
799:AASHTO Soil Classification System
85:, includes most Planosols in the
46:Soil profile of a Eutric Planosol
1097:
1096:
441:Chinese Journal of Soil Science
406:10.1590/S0103-90162003000400019
815:Australian Soil Classification
806:(French classification system)
256:in the rootzone. Planosols in
1:
70:that shows signs of periodic
23:Haplic Planosol profile near
835:List of vineyard soil types
458:Scientia Agricultura Sinica
435:Jia, Huibin (August 1995).
367:10.1016/j.still.2008.09.011
1142:
820:Polish Soil Classification
1094:
844:Non-systematic soil types
355:Soil and Tillage Research
38:Distribution of Planosols
830:List of U.S. state soils
260:are widely planted with
185:United States of America
825:1938 USDA soil taxonomy
804:Référentiel pédologique
788:FAO soil classification
62:with a light-coloured,
47:
39:
31:
298:Pedology (soil study)
45:
37:
22:
956:Calcareous grassland
533:World Reference Base
525:Soil classification
490:IUSS World of Soils
303:Soil classification
183:), the east of the
165:northeastern Brazil
709:USDA soil taxonomy
535:for Soil Resources
219:that have shallow
83:USDA soil taxonomy
48:
40:
32:
1108:
1107:
470:978-3-540-30460-9
393:Scientia Agricola
320:979-8-9862451-1-9
1133:
1100:
1099:
996:Hydrophobic soil
518:
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461:
448:
437:"潜育白浆土硅酸盐粘土矿物组成"
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150:, the Brazilian
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1061:Subaqueous soil
1046:Serpentine soil
906:Parent material
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386:
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352:
349:
347:Further reading
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181:Southern Africa
138:, northeastern
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64:coarse-textured
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1036:Prime farmland
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991:Fuller's earth
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983:
981:Expansive clay
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476:External links
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443:(in Chinese).
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399:(4): 735–740.
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258:Southeast Asia
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189:Southeast Asia
161:mato-grossense
127:
124:
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13:
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1127:
1126:Types of soil
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1102:Types of soil
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1081:Tropical peat
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966:Dry quicksand
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781:Other systems
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447:(4): 162–164.
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132:South America
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53:
44:
36:
30:
26:
21:
1011:Martian soil
648:
484:WRB homepage
457:
444:
440:
428:110000971288
419:
415:
396:
392:
379:
361:(1): 92–97.
358:
354:
333:
235:
225:Agricultural
210:
157:
151:
129:
96:
87:Great Groups
86:
51:
49:
1076:Terra rossa
1071:Terra preta
1051:Spodic soil
971:Duplex soil
951:Brown earth
931:Alkali soil
921:Rhizosphere
916:Laimosphere
790:(1974–1998)
747:Inceptisols
654:Plinthosols
619:Kastanozems
293:Pedogenesis
269:Fertilizers
232:Agriculture
99:subtropical
1115:Categories
1056:Stagnogley
1006:Lunar soil
961:Dark earth
946:Brickearth
911:Pedosphere
881:Soil crust
689:Technosols
674:Solonchaks
594:Ferralsols
559:Anthrosols
422:: 55–144.
309:References
273:grasslands
252:levels of
246:sugar beet
193:Bangladesh
146:, eastern
93:Occurrence
66:, surface
1041:Quicksand
986:Fill dirt
926:Bulk soil
772:Vertisols
762:Spodosols
752:Mollisols
742:Histosols
727:Aridisols
699:Vertisols
694:Umbrisols
684:Stagnosol
649:Planosols
644:Phaeozems
624:Leptosols
609:Gypsisols
599:Fluvisols
579:Chernozem
574:Cambisols
569:Calcisols
564:Arenosols
201:Australia
140:Argentina
126:Geography
119:colluvial
107:semi-arid
103:temperate
76:permeable
25:Abiy Addi
16:Soil type
1121:Pedology
1026:Paleosol
941:Blue goo
896:Gypcrust
767:Ultisols
737:Gelisols
732:Entisols
722:Andisols
717:Alfisols
679:Solonetz
669:Retisols
664:Regosols
639:Nitisols
634:Luvisols
629:Lixisols
614:Histosol
604:Gleysols
589:Durisols
584:Cryosols
554:Andosols
544:Acrisols
287:See also
240:such as
197:Thailand
173:Sahelian
159:Pantanal
144:Paraguay
115:alluvial
111:subhumid
52:Planosol
29:Ethiopia
976:Eluvium
936:Bay mud
901:Caliche
891:Hardpan
886:Claypan
876:Subsoil
871:Topsoil
757:Oxisols
659:Podzols
549:Alisols
537:(1998–)
207:Ecology
199:), and
148:Bolivia
136:Uruguay
79:subsoil
68:horizon
54:in the
1086:Yedoma
1021:Muskeg
468:
426:
318:
213:shrubs
175:zone,
169:Africa
156:, the
1066:Takir
1001:Loess
281:sandy
277:silty
262:paddy
250:toxic
242:wheat
238:crops
217:trees
153:pampa
72:water
58:is a
1031:Peat
866:Loam
861:Clay
856:Silt
851:Sand
466:ISBN
424:NAID
316:ISBN
265:rice
244:and
221:root
215:and
195:and
179:and
177:East
163:and
117:and
109:and
101:and
60:soil
1016:Mud
401:doi
363:doi
359:103
279:or
167:),
27:in
1117::
456:.
445:26
418:.
397:60
395:.
391:.
378:.
357:.
325:).
254:Al
203:.
187:,
142:,
105:,
50:A
517:e
510:t
503:v
460:.
430:.
420:9
409:.
403::
382:.
369:.
365::
322:(
191:(
171:(
134:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
