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136:, Antonio reports (I.ii.8ff) that the Prince and Count Claudio were "walking in a thick pleached alley in my orchard." A modern version of such free-standing pleached fruit trees is sometimes called a "Belgian fence": young fruit trees pruned to four or six wide Y-shaped crotches, in the candelabra-form
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Pleaching or plashing (an early synonym) was common in gardens from late medieval times to the early eighteenth century, to create shaded paths, or to create a living fence out of trees or shrubs. Commonly deciduous trees were used by planting them in lines. The canopy was pruned into flat planes
112:. This was not much seen in the American colonies, where a labor-intensive aesthetic has not been a feature of gardening: "Because of the time needed in caring for pleached allées," Donald Wyman noted, "they are but infrequently seen in American gardens, but are frequently observed in Europe."
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to form a thick, impenetrable barrier suitable for enclosing animals. It keeps the lower parts of a hedge thick and dense, and was traditionally done every few years. The stems of hedging plants are slashed through to the centre or more, then bent over and interwoven. The plants rapidly regrow,
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creating a fence, hedge or lattices. Trees are planted in lines, and the branches are woven together to strengthen and fill any weak spots until the hedge thickens. Branches in close contact may grow together, due to a natural phenomenon called
123:(1822). After the middle of the nineteenth century, English landowners were once again planting avenues, often shading the sweeping curves of a drive, but sometimes straight allées of pleached limes, as Rowland Egerton's at
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or one of the techniques of tree shaping. Pleaching describes the weaving of branches into houses, furniture, ladders and many other 3D art forms. Examples of living pleached structures include
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with the lower branches removed leaving the stems below clear. This craft had been developed by
European farmers who used it to make their hedge rows more secure.
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After the second quarter of the eighteenth century, the technique withdrew to the kitchen garden, and the word dropped out of
English usage, until
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GROW ON TREES The
Complete Guide to Starting Your Own Profitable Tree Farm Includes Production, Maintenance and Marketing
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Article Title: Art Eco, Photographer
Deborah Johansen California Living, SF Sun. Examiner and Chronicle 14 Nov 1980
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Article Title: The Tree Circus, Writer: Fredric Hobbs, San
Francisco Sunday Examiner and Chronicle, 23 Nov 1980
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The
Complete Guide to Pruning and Training Plants, Joyce and Brickell, 1992, page 106, Simon and Schuster
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58:, a natural graft. Pleach also means weaving of thin, whippy stems of trees to form a basketry effect.
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and his followers, pleaching kept the vistas of straight rides through woodland cleanly bordered. At
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In garden design, the same technique has produced elaborate structures, neatly shaded walks and
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Quarterly
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hedge about three meters high is a feature of the replanted town garden at
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Charles Foster, "The
History of the Gardens at Arley Hall, Cheshire"
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390:. Vol. II. translated by John Warrington. page 52. p. 228.
278:. Switzerland: Springer International Publishing. pp. 113–124.
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is a technique of interweaving living and dead branches through a
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222:'s sycamore tower. There are also conceptual ideas like the
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used plashing to create defensive barriers against cavalry.
598:, Westview: Universal Wellbeing PTY Limited, pp. 70–73
365:. United States of America.: TLC Publishing. p. 120.
312:. page 53: Angus & Robertson Publishers. p. 192.
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The
Forgotten Arts A practical guide to traditional skills
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127:, Cheshire, which survive in splendidly controlled form.
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PLEACHING by Mark Primack From The NSW Good Wood Guide
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Interwoven branches to form a hedge, fence or lattice
509:.2 (Winter 1996), pp. 255-271. p 265 and 266:fig 10.
100:, this technique can be used to improve or renew a
543:Anne Kendal, "The Garden of Rubens House, Antwerp"
105:forming a dense barrier along its entire length.
559:Ken Lemmon, "Restoration Work at Studley Royal"
163:surrounded on three sides by pleached allées of
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274:Chithra, K.; Krishnan, K. Amritha (2015).
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431:The second book of the English husbandman
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187:and from seventeenth-century engravings.
594:McKee, Kate (2012), "Living sculpture",
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523:Green Thoughts: A Writer in the Garden
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642:House made by Pleaching: Fab Tree Hab
566:.1 (September 1972, pp. 22-23) p. 22.
119:reintroduced it for local colour, in
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493:.1 (March 1953, pp. 189-210) p 196.
596:Sustainable and water wise gardens
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550:.2 (Summer 1977, pp 27-29), p.28.
421:, John Fitzherbert. London, 1573
608:Article Title: Nature's Home,
470:Wyman's Gardening Encyclopedia
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443:Fischbacher, Thomas (2007),
151:Smooth-barked trees such as
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525:(New York) 1981 pp 24-25.
361:Mentgen, Glen A. (2000).
347:Oxford English Dictionary
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332:: CS1 maint: location (
386:Caesar, Julius (1955).
218:'s red alder bench and
419:The booke of husbandry
308:Seymour, John (1984).
185:The Walk in the Garden
133:Much Ado About Nothing
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651:Categories
619:References
173:Kew Palace
155:trees, or
125:Arley Hall
79:Arley Hall
396:cite book
328:cite book
206:The word
157:hornbeams
140:called a
77:trees at
43:Pleaching
246:Quincunx
241:Espalier
230:See also
177:hornbeam
165:laburnum
161:parterre
138:espalier
47:plashing
18:Pleached
236:Topiary
146:pruning
62:History
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208:pleach
110:allées
91:Nervii
34:Hedge
610:books
457:(PDF)
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257:Notes
71:Allée
51:hedge
487:PMLA
406:link
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367:ISBN
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75:lime
36:laid
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