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met with in the
Strobilanthinae" (a subtribe of Acanthaceae containing Strobilanthes and allied genera) that usually grow gregariously, flower simultaneously following an interval of several years, set seed, and die. A similar life history is especially well known and documented among certain bamboos. In plietesials, the seed crop typically germinates simultaneously shortly following the mass death of the parental plants and initiates a new cycle with the same periodicity. Other commonly used expressions that apply to part or all of the plietesial life history include: gregarious flowering, mast seeding, and supra-annual synchronized semelparity (semelparity = monocarpy). There is considerable variation in life history for Strobilanthes. Most known plietesial Strobilanthes take between 10 and 15 years (usually 12; although reports of 5 to 9 year cycles also have been made) to flower gregariously, set seed, and die. The flowering periodicity in all individuals is rarely 100%, with the result that flowering of rare individuals in non-mass-flowering years is not uncommon. In some species, mass flowering occurs over a wide area on a species-specific cycle; in other species, populations in different regions follow their own cycles. Some species flower gregariously in certain years but do not die following the mass flowering, and are therefore not plietesial. At least one species exhibits different flowering patterns in different portions of its range. The perennial Strobilanthes wallichii flowers annually in the eastern Himalayan portion of its range and plietesially in the western Himalayan portion (Wood 1994). Literature reports of life history for some taxa are ambiguous. For example, Robinson (1935) noted a 12 year plietesial cycle for S. consanguineus C.B. Clarke whereas Bowden (1950) indicated that this species flowers every year. Such discrepancies likely result either from misidentifications of or life history variations within taxa.
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subtribe of
Acanthaceae containing Strobilanthes and allied genera) that usually grow gregariously, flower simultaneously following a long interval, set seed, and die. Other commonly used expressions or terms describing a plietesial life history include gregarious flowering, mast seeding, and supra-annual synchronized
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A plietesial life history has long been noted for certain species among unrelated families of flowering plants including
Poaceae, Arecaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Fabaceae, Apocynaceae, and Acanthaceae. Bremekamp used the term plietesial in reference to perennial monocarpic plants "of the kind most often
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Certain species of unrelated families of flowering plants (including
Poaceae, Arecaceae, Scrophulariaceae, Fabaceae, Apocynaceae, and Acanthaceae) are plietesial. The term plietesial has been used in reference to perennial monocarpic plants "of the kind most often met with in the Strobilanthinae" (a
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Bremekamp (1944); also: Wood (1994) provided an insightful summary of mass-flowering and the various forms of this phenomenon known in the genus.
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. Fourth Series. Volume 57, No. 38, pp. 1011–1018, 1 fig. December 28, 2006
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. Fourth Series. Volume 57, No. 38, pp. 1011–1018, 1 fig. December 28, 2006
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PROCEEDINGS OF THE CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES. Fourth Series. Volume 57, No. 38, pp. 1011–1018, 1 fig. December 28, 2006
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Synchronous
Flowering and Monocarpy Suggest Plietesial Life History forNeotropical Stenostephanus chiapensis(Acanthaceae).
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A good description of this natural history aspect of a plant's life cycle can be found in the following report:
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Young, Truman P.; Carol K. Augspurger (1991). "Ecology and evolution of long-lived semelparous plants".
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and then die. The length of the cycle can vary between 8 and 16 years. For example, the
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Synchronous flowering and monocarpy suggest plietesial life history for neotropical
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Synchronous flowering and monocarpy suggest plietesial life history for neotropical
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plant flowers every 12 years and bloomed as expected in 2006 and 2018 in the
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201:Daniel, Thomas F. 2006.
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306:Stenostephanus chiapensis
143:Stenostephanus chiapensis
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276:(e.g., van Stennis 1978)
182:Strobilanthes kunthiana
294:e.g., van Steenis 1972
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223:: 285–289.
169:Semelparity
125:Description
115:semelparity
79:Plietesials
50:if you can.
378:Categories
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164:Monocarpic
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119:monocarpy
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