85:
187:, the energy and head would be withdrawn in orthogonal directions, as it is shown in figure. At low background loss (typically, at the level of 0.01 or 0.001) the heat and the light can be withdrawn in the opposite directions, allowing active elements of wide aperture. In this case, combining of several active elements is used for the power scaling.
196:
165:
The limit of power scaling of fiber lasers can be extended with lateral delivery of the pump. This is realized in so-called fiber disk lasers. The pump in such a laser is delivered from side of a disk, made of coiled fiber with doped core. Several such disks (with a coolant between them) can be
62:
is used to increase the power of the beam while preserving its main properties. The master oscillator has no need to be powerful, and has no need to operate at high efficiency because the efficiency is determined mainly by the power amplifier. The combination of several
34:
is increasing its output power without changing the geometry, shape, or principle of operation. Power scalability is considered an important advantage in a laser design. This means it can increase power without changing outside features.
174:
The power scaling is limited by the ability to dissipate the heat. Usually, the thermal conductivity of materials designed for efficient laser action, is small compared to that of materials optimal for the heat transfer
183:). For the efficient drain of heat from a compact device, the active medium should be a narrow slab; in order to give advantage to the amplification of light at wanted direction over the
58:
The most popular way of achieving power scalability is the "MOPA" (Master
Oscillator Power Amplifier) approach. The master oscillator produces a highly coherent beam, and an
598:
1999 IEEE LEOS Annual
Meeting Conference Proceedings. LEOS'99. 12th Annual Meeting. IEEE Lasers and Electro-Optics Society 1999 Annual Meeting (Cat. No.99CH37009)
157:
pump, because the pump is not absorbed efficiently in the fiber's active core. Optimization of the shape of the cladding can extend the limit of power scaling.
497:
Leproux, P.; S. Fevrier; V. Doya; P. Roy; D. Pagnoux (2003). "Modeling and optimization of double-clad fiber amplifiers using chaotic propagation of pump".
413:
Kouznetsov, D.; Moloney, J.V. (2003). "Highly efficient, high-gain, short-length, and power-scalable incoherent diode slab-pumped fiber amplifier/laser".
203:
Scalability can also be achieved by combining separate laser beams. Completely independent beams cannot usually be combined to produce a beam with higher
68:
797:
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613:
572:
331:
A. Giesen; H. Hügel; A. Voss; K. Wittig; U. Brauch; H. Opower (1994). "Scalable concept for diode-pumped high-power solid-state lasers".
415:
460:
Kouznetsov, D.; Moloney, J.V. (2003). "Efficiency of pump absorption in double-clad fiber amplifiers. 2: Broken circular symmetry".
269:
657:
Ueda; Sekiguchi H.; Matsuoka Y.; Miyajima H.; H.Kan (1999). "Conceptual design of kW-class fiber-embedded disk and tube lasers".
108:(or "active mirror"). Such lasers are believed to be scalable to a power of several kilowatts from a single active element in
184:
115:
719:
376:
D. Kouznetsov; J.-F.Bisson; J.Dong; K.Ueda (2006). "Surface loss limit of the power scaling of a thin-disk laser".
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A. Liu; K. Ueda (1996). "The absorption characteristics of circular, offset, and rectangular double-clad fibers".
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are another type of solid-state laser with good power scaling. The power scaling of fiber lasers is limited by
42:
source, stronger cooling, and an increase in size. It may also require reduction of the background loss in the
659:
Technical Digest. CLEO/Pacific Rim '99. Pacific Rim
Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (Cat. No.99TH8464)
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of individual lasers' output, and quick adjustment to keep them all in phase. Such adjustment can be done by
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226:. Efficient passive combining of eight lasers has been reported. Further power scaling requires
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149:, and by the fact that such lasers cannot be very long. The limited length of the
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K. Ueda (1999). "Scaling physics of disk-type fiber lasers for kW output".
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84:
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270:"Laser-diode-pumped solid state lasers for gravitational wave antenna"
249:. Faster schemes based on all-optical switching are being researched.
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with each other. Such beams can be combined actively or passively.
246:
194:
83:
31:
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than each beam has alone. Beams can only be combined if they are
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seeded by a common master oscillator is essential concept of the
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seem to be the most important processes that limit the power of
93:
747:"Coherent addition of fiber lasers by use of a fiber coupler"
796:
D.Kouznetsov; J.-F. Bisson; A. Shirakawa; K. Ueda (2005).
237:
Active combining implies the real-time measurement of the
130:
and/or combining of several active elements is required.
798:"Limits of Coherent Addition of Lasers: Simple Estimate"
245:, which is effective for suppression of phase noise at
222:
common to all of the combined lasers can be above the
745:
A.Shirakawa; T.Satou; T. Sekiguchi; K. Ueda (2002).
274:Frequency-Stabilized Lasers and Their Applications
126:. For future power scaling, the reduction of the
38:Usually, power scaling requires a more powerful
8:
772:
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69:High Power Laser Energy Research Facility
234:and/or length of the individual lasers.
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104:designed for good power scaling is the
92:configuration presented in 1992 at the
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313:
303:
263:
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191:Coherent addition and combining beams
7:
276:. Vol. 1837. pp. 336–345.
199:Coherent addition of 4 fiber lasers.
573:"Future of High-Power Fiber Lasers"
416:IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics
25:
661:. Vol. 2. pp. 217–218.
600:. Vol. 2. pp. 788–789.
720:"The Fiber Disk Laser explained"
153:limits the usable power of the
116:Amplified spontaneous emission
1:
214:In the passive combining (or
558:10.1016/0030-4018(96)00368-9
268:K. Ueda; N. Uehara (1993).
75:Inherently scalable designs
46:and, in particular, in the
878:
667:10.1109/CLEOPR.1999.811381
218:) of lasers, only the few
824:10.1007/s10043-005-0445-8
110:continuous-wave operation
606:10.1109/leos.1999.811970
571:K. Ueda; A. Liu (1998).
500:Optical Fiber Technology
272:. In Chung, Y. C (ed.).
718:Hamamatsu K.K. (2006).
484:10.1364/JOSAB.19.001259
447:10.1109/JQE.2003.818311
400:10.1364/JOSAB.23.001074
166:combined into a stack.
732:10.1038/nphoton.2006.6
521:10.1006/ofte.2001.0361
200:
97:
537:Optics Communications
198:
87:
774:10.1364/oe.10.001167
247:acoustic frequencies
170:Problem of heat sink
147:Brillouin scattering
816:2005OptRv..12..445K
765:2002OExpr..10.1167S
550:1996OptCo.132..511A
513:2001OptFT...7..324L
476:2002JOSAB..19.1259K
429:2003IJQE...39.1452K
392:2006JOSAB..23.1074K
347:1994ApPhB..58..365G
282:1993SPIE.1837..336U
355:10.1007/BF01081875
228:exponential growth
201:
151:double-clad fibers
118:, overheating and
98:
759:(21): 1167–1172.
726:. sample: 14–15.
676:978-0-7803-5661-0
615:978-0-7803-5634-4
423:(11): 1452–1461.
334:Applied Physics B
290:10.1117/12.143686
216:coherent addition
161:Fiber disk lasers
102:solid-state laser
60:optical amplifier
16:(Redirected from
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834:. Archived from
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65:laser amplifiers
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243:adaptive optics
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128:round-trip loss
120:round-trip loss
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44:laser resonator
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810:(6): 445–447.
803:Optical Review
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752:Optics Express
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701:|journal=
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507:(4): 324–339.
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232:gain bandwidth
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28:Power scaling
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18:Power scaling
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139:Fiber lasers
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134:Fiber lasers
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100:One type of
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124:disk lasers
96:conference.
80:Disk lasers
48:gain medium
842:2007-03-18
585:: 774–781.
253:References
155:multi-mode
106:disk laser
90:disk laser
703:ignored (
693:cite book
642:ignored (
632:cite book
624:120732530
433:CiteSeerX
363:121158745
316:ignored (
306:cite book
298:122045469
856:Category
832:27508450
783:19451976
685:30251829
209:coherent
205:radiance
181:diamonds
812:Bibcode
761:Bibcode
546:Bibcode
509:Bibcode
472:Bibcode
425:Bibcode
388:Bibcode
343:Bibcode
278:Bibcode
230:of the
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781:
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463:JOSA B
435:
379:JOSA B
361:
296:
177:metals
828:S2CID
681:S2CID
620:S2CID
359:S2CID
294:S2CID
239:phase
220:modes
32:laser
30:of a
779:PMID
705:help
671:ISBN
644:help
610:ISBN
318:help
145:and
94:SPIE
54:MOPA
40:pump
820:doi
769:doi
728:doi
663:doi
602:doi
554:doi
542:132
517:doi
480:doi
443:doi
396:doi
351:doi
286:doi
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
