17:
81:
125:
Prangi is a small
Ottoman breech-loading swivel gun, firing 150 g (5.3 oz) shots, they were built mostly by cast bronze, but iron ones were also used. The Ottomans used the prangi from the mid-15th century onwards in field battles, aboard their ships, and in their forts, where prangis often
138:
cannons. These ships were 42–43 m (138–141 ft) long with three sails carrying about 328 people. Prangi was a standard piece of
Ottoman secondary naval armament. An Ottoman naval record book of inventory and survey dated 10 April 1488 mentioned that Ottoman
232:
gun reached China before
Portuguese did, possibly by anonymous carriers from Malaya. Needham noted that breech-loading guns were already familiar in Southern China in 1510, as a rebellion in Huang Kuan was destroyed by more than 100
228:
cannons, the most important magic instrument of foreign people". He mentioned the cannons some 60 or 70 years prior to the first reference to the
Portuguese. Pelliot believed that the
1399:
92:
Prangi was written in
Ottoman sources in various words as prankı, pirankı, parangi, parangı, pranga, pranku, prangu, and parangu. The Ottoman term goes back to the Italian/Spanish
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itself means "pants" or "breech". Babur called this weapon firingiha and farangi. Tamil and Telugu speakers call it pīranki and pīrangi.
481:
412:
348:
292:
196:(佛朗机炮 or 佛朗機砲). Prangi guns reached China before either Ottoman or Portuguese ships did. They may have also reached China via the
1203:
558:
Science and
Civilisation in China, Volume 5: Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Part 7, Military Technology: The Gunpowder Epic
1596:
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613:
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237:. It may even be earlier, brought to Fujian by a man named Wei Sheng and used in quelling a pirate incident in 1507.
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Di Cosmo, Nicola. “Did Guns Matter? Firearms and the Qing
Formation.” In Lynn Struve, ed.,
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666:
209:
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The
Gunpowder Age: China, Military Innovation, and the Rise of the West in World History
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85:
61:
327:, Hungarian Academy of Sciences. Budapest: Research Center for the Humanities, 89–104.
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864:
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Ottoman
Maritime Arsenals and Shipbuilding Technology in the 16th and 17th centuries
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comprised the majority of the ordnance. At the end of the 15th century, Ottoman
1377:
427:
Averoes, Muhammad (2020). Antara Cerita dan
Sejarah: Meriam Cetbang Majapahit.
220:". In volume 30 about "The Red-Haired Foreigners" he wrote "After the reign of
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874:
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681:
251:
80:
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Pelliot, Paul (1948). "Le Ḫōj̆a et le Sayyid Ḥusain de l'Histoire des Ming".
510:
De Abreu, António Graça (1991). "The Chinese, Gunpowder and the Portuguese".
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Struggle for Domination in the Middle East: The Ottoman-Mamluk War, 1485-91
387:, 1485-1491 (Leiden, New York, and Cologne: E. J. Brill, 1995) Pp. 238. In
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The spread of prangi cannon to the east resulted in the appearance of the
1503:
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325:Şerefe. Studies in Honour of Prof. Géza Dávid on His Seventieth Birthday
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64:. It was subsequently copied and produced in other places such as the
1214:
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183:
127:
385:
Struggle for Domination in the Middle East: The Ottoman-Mamluk War
168:
79:
69:
15:
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after 1460 CE. In China, these cannons are known by the name of
1381:
571:
500:. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Asia Center, 2004, 121–66.
216:
cannons, the country of which was called in the old times
323:. In Pál Fodor, Nándor E. Kovács and Benedek Péri eds.,
321:: The Ottomans and the Diffusion of Firearms in Asia
1533:
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1471:
1415:
1324:
1261:
1155:
1093:
918:
793:
637:
875:Meylin M1719 Pennsylvania-Kentucky rifled musket
910:Xun Lei Chong spear five barrel revolver musket
72:. The prangi was a breech-loading swivel gun.
1393:
583:
8:
498:The Qing Formation in World- Historical Time
130:were equipped with a big cannon and 4 guns (
24:cannon of the Mughal empire depicted in the
1400:
1386:
1378:
590:
576:
568:
439:
437:
560:. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
268:
997:Gunpowder artillery in the Middle Ages
934:Artillery of France in the Middle Ages
767:San Yan Chong three barrel hand cannon
208:, it is said that "After the reign of
113:", a small breech-loading swivel gun.
1002:Gunpowder weapons in the Song dynasty
340:A History of Greek Fire and Gunpowder
60:was a type of cannon produced by the
7:
308:
306:
304:
278:
276:
274:
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837:Girardoni M1780 repeating air rifle
474:Southeast Asian Warfare, 1300–1900
343:. Johns Hopkins University Press.
285:Firearms: A Global History to 1700
212:(1445–1505), China started having
14:
84:Lowermost: A breech chamber of a
1592:Artillery of the Ottoman Empire
1362:Category:Early modern firearms
870:Kalthoff M1630 repeating rifle
841:Hartingk M1670 repeating rifle
451:. Princeton University Press.
389:Mamlūk Studies Review Volume 5
287:. Cambridge University Press.
224:(1436–1449) China got hold of
202:History of the reign of Wan Li
1:
827:Cookson M1750 repeating rifle
807:Belton M1777 repeating musket
1409:Artillery of the Middle Ages
953:Byzantine fire tube (cannon)
1094:Medieval large calibre guns
742:Nock M1779 seven barrel gun
712:Huo Qiang lance hand cannon
373:. Manchester: FSTC Limited.
1613:
832:M1696 French common musket
337:Partington, J. R. (1999).
1357:
1175:Byzantine rocket launcher
949:Breech-loading swivel gun
762:Puckle Μ1717 revolver gun
609:
472:Charney, Michael (2004).
247:Breech-loading swivel gun
785:Tu Huo Qiang hand cannon
732:Meriam kecil hand cannon
697:Heilongjiang hand cannon
657:Bedil tumbak hand cannon
556:Needham, Joseph (1986).
319:Zarbzan, and Rum Dasturi
143:(barque) had 35 prangi,
1367:Category:Early firearms
1184:Fierce-fire Oil Cabinet
543:10.1163/156853297X00509
312:Agoston, Gabor (2019).
283:Chase, Kenneth (2003).
155:(galley) had 8 prangi,
121:History and description
771:Shou Chong hand cannon
629:History of the firearm
364:Bostan, Idris (2007).
89:
29:
1597:Indo-Persian weaponry
1217:rocket arrow launcher
1211:rocket arrow launcher
1195:Fire crow rocket bomb
822:Che Dian Chong musket
707:Huo Chong hand cannon
401:Har-El, Shai (1995).
180:Nusantara archipelago
176:western-style cetbang
83:
19:
1204:Hale rocket launcher
895:Spanish M1752 musket
775:Tanegashima arquebus
677:English horse pistol
619:History of gunpowder
1577:Firearm terminology
1546:Medieval technology
1223:(Chinese petroleum)
1114:Dardanelles bombard
1085:Wuwei Bronze Cannon
1037:Obusier de vaisseau
1253:Thunder crash bomb
900:Springfield musket
817:Charleville musket
717:Istinggar arquebus
545:– via JSTOR.
90:
30:
1564:
1563:
1479:Pumhart von Steyr
1375:
1374:
1263:Firing mechanisms
1242:Petroleum naphtha
1147:Pumhart von Steyr
1110:Byzantine bombard
1012:Hu Dun Pao cannon
812:Brown Bess musket
512:Review of Culture
458:978-0-691-13597-7
431:, 3(2), 89 - 100.
151:) had 16 prangi,
1604:
1551:Medieval warfare
1402:
1395:
1388:
1379:
1047:Pierrier a boite
780:Toradar arquebus
727:Jiaozhi arquebus
652:Bajozutsu pistol
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194:Fo-lang-chi p'ao
171:) had 4 prangi.
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1582:Naval artillery
1567:
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1509:Dardanelles Gun
1467:
1453:Perrier à boîte
1411:
1406:
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1353:
1320:
1257:
1227:Mysorean rocket
1179:Congreve rocket
1151:
1089:
914:
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667:Combination gun
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605:
603:thermal weapons
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1349:Wujing Zongyao
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1311:Snap matchlock
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1192:(rocket arrow)
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890:Potzdam musket
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850:Jazayer musket
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445:Andrade, Tonio
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429:Jurnal Sejarah
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407:. E.J. Brill.
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190:Folangji chong
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62:Ottoman Empire
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1017:Korean cannon
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865:Kabyle musket
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855:Jezail musket
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483:9789047406921
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414:9789004101807
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66:Mughal empire
63:
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55:
51:
47:
43:
39:
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27:
23:
22:breechloading
18:
1499:Grose Bochse
1458:Ribauldequin
1416:Weapon types
1296:Muzzleloader
1271:Breechloader
1249:rocket arrow
1221:Meng Huo You
1172:rocket arrow
1162:incendiaries
1134:Grose Bochse
1080:Wankou Chong
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204:(萬厲野獲編), by
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1494:Faule Grete
1489:Faule Mette
1484:Dulle Griet
1472:Famous guns
1428:Bâton à feu
1334:Huolongjing
1326:Literatures
1129:Faule Mette
1124:Faule Grete
1119:Dulle Griet
982:Ekor lotong
944:Baton a feu
845:Jäger rifle
737:Muff pistol
692:Hand mortar
687:Hand cannon
662:Blunderbuss
192:(佛郎机铳), or
1571:Categories
1518:By country
1448:Pot-de-fer
1443:Fauconneau
1237:Pen Huo Qi
1199:Greek fire
1190:Fire arrow
1075:Xanadu Gun
1062:Swivel gun
1052:Pot de fer
992:Fauconneau
682:Fire lance
537:: 81–292.
531:T'oung Pao
263:References
252:Swivel gun
226:Fu-Lang-Ji
214:Fu-Lang-Ji
1556:Artillery
1541:Gunpowder
1463:Veuglaire
1344:Wubei Zhi
1316:Wheellock
1301:Snaphance
1286:Matchlock
1281:Flintlock
1247:Singijeon
1070:Veuglaire
1066:Tarasnice
1042:Organ gun
1007:Hongyipao
972:Chongtong
962:Carronade
921:artillery
885:Musketoon
752:Pepperbox
476:. BRILL.
222:Zhengtong
218:Sam Fu Qi
206:Shen Defu
200:. In the
198:Silk Road
76:Etymology
58:firingiha
26:Akbarnama
1504:Mons Meg
1438:Culverin
1423:Arquebus
1306:Snaplock
1139:Mons Meg
987:Falconet
977:Culverin
939:Basilisk
905:Wall gun
747:Petronel
647:Arquebus
639:Firearms
614:Timeline
518:: 32–40.
447:(2016).
257:Zamburak
241:See also
235:folangji
230:folangji
210:Hong Zhi
185:Folangji
134:) and 8
98:petriero
1534:Related
1433:Bombard
1276:Doglock
1232:Naphtha
1209:Huo Che
1170:Bo-hiya
1158:rockets
1106:Basilic
1101:Bombard
1022:Lantaka
967:Cetbang
799:muskets
315:Firangi
188:(佛郎机),
178:in the
161:galliot
153:kadırga
149:galleas
145:agrıpar
132:darbzen
105:pedrero
103:" and "
101:a barga
88:cannon.
86:Maratha
54:firingi
50:farangi
46:pirangi
42:piranki
38:paranki
1587:Cannon
1525:France
1215:Hwacha
1156:Early
1057:Prangi
1032:Mortar
957:Cannon
919:Early
880:Musket
860:Jingal
795:Rifles
757:Pistol
672:Dragon
480:
455:
411:
347:
291:
163:) and
136:prangi
128:galley
68:under
34:prangi
371:(PDF)
169:fusta
165:kayık
157:kalıt
141:barça
115:Braga
111:braga
94:braga
70:Babur
56:, or
20:Four
1160:and
1027:Lela
929:Abus
797:and
601:and
478:ISBN
453:ISBN
409:ISBN
345:ISBN
289:ISBN
32:The
539:doi
1573::
535:38
533:.
514:.
436:^
317:,
303:^
271:^
108:de
52:,
48:,
44:,
40:,
36:,
1401:e
1394:t
1387:v
591:e
584:t
577:v
541::
516:2
486:.
461:.
417:.
391:.
353:.
297:.
167:(
159:(
147:(
28:.
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