126:
PK was initially described by
Hathaway et al. in 1965 after encountering a Kentucky family who exhibited strikingly abnormal APTT results, but showed no bleeding symptoms. The family appeared to have a hereditary deficiency in an unknown coagulation factor, dubbed “Fletcher factor” after the family.
117:
Although most cases of prekallikrein deficiency are asymptomatic, a few reports link severe prekallikrein deficiency with thrombotic phenomena and recurrent pregnancy loss. More recently, a case of prekallikrein deficiency was shown to be associated with severe mucosal bleeding.
76:
domain. The four apple domains create a disk-like platform around the base of the catalytic domain. However, unlike factor XI, prekallikrein does not form dimers.
281:
673:
107:
758:
542:
174:"Molecular modeling of the prekallikrein structure provides insights into high-molecular-weight kininogen binding and zymogen activation"
247:
274:
156:
668:
590:
585:
719:
213:
Dasanu CA, Alexandrescu DT (November 2009). "A case of prekallikrein deficiency resulting in severe recurrent mucosal hemorrhage".
547:
383:
31:
323:
623:
267:
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753:
663:
39:
489:
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632:
613:
595:
290:
111:
298:
61:
683:
640:
230:
195:
152:
87:
cleavage of a bond homologous to the corresponding bond cleaved during factor XI activation.
696:
691:
222:
185:
363:
342:
328:
73:
27:
701:
127:
In 1973 Kirk
Wuepper determined that Fletcher factor and prekallikrein were the same.
747:
514:
438:
190:
173:
711:
557:
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103:
84:
80:
69:
43:
35:
580:
537:
532:
527:
413:
408:
102:
Deficiencies in PK can also be acquired due to some disease states, such as
65:
55:
234:
199:
476:
466:
461:
95:
Hereditary deficiencies in PK are very rare. They can cause a prolonged
728:
570:
259:
495:
352:
337:
332:
357:
251:
99:, which can be corrected by incubation of the patient’s plasma.
96:
263:
543:
Protein Z-related protease inhibitor (ZPI) (inhibits FX, FXI)
149:
Disorders of
Hemostasis & Thrombosis: A Clinical Guide
548:
Tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) (inhibits FIII)
710:
682:
654:
631:
622:
556:
513:
452:
427:
372:
306:
297:
42:. PK is cleaved to produce kallikrein by activated
614:Thrombin-activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFI)
674:Activated protein C–protein C inhibitor (APC–PCI)
523:Antithrombin (inhibits FII, FIX, FX, FXI, FXII)
275:
8:
38:, which is a serine protease that activates
142:
140:
628:
303:
282:
268:
260:
172:Hooley E, McEwan PA, Emsley J (Dec 2007).
151:(2nd ed.). McGraw Hill Professional.
591:Plasminogen activator inhibitor-2 (PAI-2)
586:Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)
189:
147:Goodnight, S.H.; Hathaway, W.E. (2001).
252:KALLIKREIN B, PLASMA, 1; KLKB1 - 229000
136:
384:High-molecular-weight kininogen (HMWK)
178:Journal of Thrombosis and Haemostasis
7:
669:Thrombin–antithrombin complex (TAT)
248:Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man
79:Prekallikrein is activated to form
576:Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)
533:Protein S (cofactor for protein C)
14:
68:, and similarly consists of four
191:10.1111/j.1538-7836.2007.02792.x
34:. PK is the precursor of plasma
664:Prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F1+2)
324:Platelet membrane glycoproteins
32:high-molecular-weight kininogen
528:Protein C (inhibits FV, FVIII)
1:
227:10.1097/MAJ.0b013e3181b270bb
404:Factor XII (Hageman factor)
318:von Willebrand factor (vWF)
775:
724:-antiplasmin complex (PAP)
439:Factor III (tissue factor)
122:Discovery of prekallikrein
56:Factor_XI § Structure
53:
646:β-Thromboglobulin (β-TG)
91:Prekallikrein deficiency
759:Kinin–kallikrein system
641:Platelet factor 4 (PF4)
538:Protein Z (inhibits FX)
472:Prothrombin (factor II)
72:and a fifth, catalytic
697:Fibrinopeptide B (FpB)
692:Fibrinopeptide A (FpA)
364:Glycoprotein VI (GPVI)
329:Glycoprotein Ib (GPIb)
515:Anticoagulant factors
482:Fibrinogen (factor I)
477:Thrombin (factor IIa)
349:Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa
343:Glycoprotein IX (GP9)
310:(platelet activation)
702:Fibrin monomers (FM)
558:Fibrinolytic factors
376:(contact activation)
30:that complexes with
22:(PK), also known as
656:Thrombin generation
633:Platelet activation
624:Coagulation markers
299:Coagulation factors
291:Coagulation cascade
112:sickle-cell disease
754:Coagulation system
496:Fibrin (factor Ia)
308:Primary hemostasis
46:(Hageman factor).
26:, is an 85,000 Mr
741:
740:
737:
736:
684:Fibrin generation
509:
508:
429:Extrinsic pathway
374:Intrinsic pathway
60:Prekallikrein is
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431:(tissue factor)
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215:Am. J. Med. Sci
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146:
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74:serine protease
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52:
28:serine protease
24:Fletcher factor
17:
16:Serine protease
12:
11:
5:
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611:
609:-Macroglobulin
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583:
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469:
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454:Common pathway
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184:(12): 2461–6.
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158:978-0071348348
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394:Prekallikrein
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390:
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385:
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381:
379:
377:
371:
365:
362:
359:
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224:
221:(5): 429–30.
220:
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109:
106:, infection,
105:
100:
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90:
88:
86:
82:
77:
75:
71:
70:apple domains
67:
63:
57:
49:
47:
45:
41:
37:
33:
29:
25:
21:
20:Prekallikrein
729:D-Dimer (DD)
712:Fibrinolysis
600:-Antiplasmin
393:
322:
243:
218:
214:
208:
181:
177:
167:
148:
125:
116:
101:
94:
78:
59:
23:
19:
18:
566:Plasminogen
501:Factor XIII
419:Factor VIII
748:Categories
444:Factor VII
399:Kallikrein
389:Bradykinin
131:References
104:angioedema
85:factor XII
81:kallikrein
62:homologous
54:See also:
44:Factor XII
36:kallikrein
720:Plasmin-α
581:Urokinase
414:Factor IX
409:Factor XI
66:factor XI
50:Structure
467:Factor V
462:Factor X
250:(OMIM):
235:19773642
200:17922805
571:Plasmin
358:GPIIIa
233:
198:
155:
110:, and
40:kinins
353:GPIIb
338:GP1BB
333:GP1BA
231:PMID
196:PMID
153:ISBN
97:APTT
490:FGG
486:FGA
223:doi
219:338
186:doi
108:DIC
83:by
64:to
750::
488:,
229:.
217:.
194:.
180:.
176:.
139:^
114:.
722:2
607:2
605:α
598:2
596:α
492:)
484:(
360:)
351:(
345:)
331:(
326::
283:e
276:t
269:v
237:.
225::
202:.
188::
182:5
161:.
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