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44:
589:, to explore inlets to the south of Nootka Sound. By early July Narváez returned to Nootka, having sailed about 65 miles (105 km) into the Strait of Juan de Fuca, demonstrating that it was a very large inlet. After hearing Narváez's report, MartĂnez felt that the Strait of Juan de Fuca was the entrance of the legendary
616:
The events at Nootka Sound during the summer of 1789 escalated into a major international crisis, called the Nootka Crisis, which brought
Britain and Spain to the brink of war. Peace was maintained through a series of agreements called the Nootka Conventions. It took several years for the terms to be
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and one at Juan Perez Sound. The
British described "Coyah" (Xō'ya, head of the Qai'dju qē'gawa-i Raven lineage) as the principal chief of Houston Stewart Channel and the adjacent waters. In July 1788 both British ships witnessed and became involved in a conflict between two groups of Haida at Juan
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into Nootka Sound earlier and had been allowed to leave on the condition he proceed to China. Instead, he collected more furs from the region and returned to Nootka Sound, expecting MartĂnez would no longer be there. Hudson did not intend to enter the sound but
674:(called BahĂa de Núñez Gaona) and Esquimalt Harbour (Puerto de CĂłrdova). On 5 July 1790, Carrasco sighted Admiralty Inlet, the entrance to Puget Sound. Thinking it likely to be a bay he named it Ensenada de Caamaño, after
200:
744:, stopping at Hawaii on the way. Another Spanish captain would take the ship from the Philippines to China, as the Spanish and British governments had agreed that the ship would be returned to its owners in
549:. Esteban JosĂ© MartĂnez, in command of the new Spanish post at Nootka, asserted Spanish sovereignty. After a complicated series of events, MartĂnez ended up with three captured ships and their crews,
720:
could be returned to the
British. Quimper got the ship within sight of Nootka Sound by 10 August, but due to contrary winds and fog he could not enter, despite repeated attempts. Instead, he sailed
768:
had been taken to Macau, but the ship was in such poor condition upon arrival that the
British agents refused to accept it. Eventually the British agreed to accept a small payment in cash instead.
411:. Although today the name "Princess Royal" applies to a single island, Duncan called the entire archipelago the Princess Royal's Islands. It included what is today called Banks Island,
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533:(Robert Funter), all British fur trading vessels, arrived at Nootka Sound. Two American fur trading ships were already anchored in the sound, one of which was
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498:, their 1787 and 1788 accounts provide the first significant written description of them. There were three main encounters, including two at Rose Harbour in
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with news about the strait. In
October, MartĂnez completely evacuated Nootka Sound and returned to San Blas himself, with his prisoners and captured ships.
716:
Quimper realized that Haro Strait was a major channel worth exploring, but did not have the time. His orders were to return to Nootka by 15 August so that
334:. The company was exploring the possibilities of taking furs collected in the Pacific Northwest to China, a venture shown to be potentially profitable by
644:
was to be returned to the
British at Nootka Sound, but as the port was deserted Eliza decided to make use of the vessel while waiting. He dispatched
395:
During the summer of 1788 the two returned to the
Pacific Northwest to acquire more furs, this time operating separately. Charles Duncan sailed
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471:
were reunited. The two then sailed to China, arriving in late
November, 1788. There they sold the fur skins acquired in the Pacific Northwest.
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fully agreed upon and carried out. Among other things, Spain agreed to restore the captured ships to their owners and pay them an indemnity.
225:
and the difficulties in carrying out the agreements. The vessel also played an important role in both
British and Spanish exploration of the
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be turned over at once, while
Quimper explained his orders were to take it to the Philippines. Colnett prepared to seize the ship by force.
1168:
1112:
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748:. It turned out that James Colnett arrived in Hawaii in March 1791, just as Quimper was arriving. The two met. Colnett demanded that
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the previous year. Quimper and Maquinna were able to begin the process of reconciliation between the Spanish and the Nuu-chah-nulth.
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Perez Sound — a group from the south led by XĹŤ'ya and "Yuka", and a group from the north called "Sangaskilah" by the British.
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640:. Eliza arrived at Nootka on 4 April 1790, and found no ships present. Under the terms of the first Nootka Convention,
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The encounters between the British and the Haida, Tsimshian, Heiltsuk, and Nuu-chah-nulth are described in detail in
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685:(Boca de Fidalgo), both of which lead to the Strait of Georgia, were also sighted during the voyage, in addition to
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was becalmed on an incoming tide. A Spanish longboat captured the ship and towed it in. During the capture of
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remained in the Pacific for another fur trading season. James Colnett also remained, and was given command of
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and near the entrance of the Strait of Juan de Fuca. On 17 August 1788, Duncan left the Northwest, sailing
361:, both ships sailed to the Hawaiian Islands where they spent the winter. While on the coast of present-day
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had not arrived at Nootka. Therefore, Duncan did not stop at Nootka Sound but instead took
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on another attempt to return it to the British. He sailed the vessel from San Blas to the
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In the summer of 1790, Quimper, Haro, and Carrasco explored the Strait of Juan de Fuca in
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824:. University of British Columbia (UBC) Press. pp. 9, 11, 17, 62, 99, 263–264, 329.
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for another year of fur trading in the Pacific. Thomas Hudson was given command of
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in 1778 and resurveyed in 1786; Class A1, Copper sheathed, single deck with beams;
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Voyage to the Northwest Side of America: The Journals of James Colnett, 1786-89
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Voyage to the Northwest Side of America: The Journals of James Colnett, 1786-89
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were involved in several violent conflicts with the islanders; one conflict at
760:, calmed the quarrel. Quimper slipped away at a convenient time and sailed to
335:
174:
865:
728:, arriving on 1 September 1790. By November the vessel was back at San Blas.
221:, the vessel was one of the important issues of negotiation during the first
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Historical Atlas of the Pacific Northwest: Maps of exploration and Discovery
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British Columbia Historical News, Journal of the B.C. Historical Federation
330:. The ships were owned by Richard Cadman Etches and Company, also known as
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first to Nootka Sound, then to Haida Gwaii. He then took the ship across
370:
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756:, a former fur trader who had entered Spanish service and was on board
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was sent to reoccupy Nootka Sound. The fleet included the captured
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While Duncan and Colnett were not the first Europeans to meet the
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The Nootka Connection: Europe and the Northwest Coast 1790-1795
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The Nootka Connection: Europe and the Northwest Coast 1790-1795
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The Nootka Connection: Europe and the Northwest Coast 1790-1795
659:
and, a day later, Maquinna, whose son had been killed on board
956:. Spokane, Washington: The Arthur H. Clark Company. pp.
652:
as pilots, to explore the Strait of Juan de Fuca more fully.
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to conduct fur trading among the islands and inlets north of
303:
of 8 feet (2.4 m) when laden; owned by Etches & Co.
241:
by non-indigenous peoples, finding, among other places, the
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and of extreme strategic importance. Therefore, he placed
341:
The two ships left England on 23 September 1786, rounded
776:
Soon afterwards a hurricane hit Macao and badly damaged
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Damaged by a hurricane at Macau, 1791. Sold for salvage.
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On the way Quimper stopped at Clayoquot Sound and met
388:, resulted in the death of between five and fourteen
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237:carried out the first detailed examination of the
195:ventures in the late 1780s, and was captured at
920:. University of Washington Press. p. 178.
326:furs in the Pacific Northwest and sell them in
1085:. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. pp.
1027:. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. pp.
989:. Vancouver: Douglas & McIntyre. pp.
891:. University of British Columbia (UBC) Press.
847:"The Spanish Discovery of the Gulf of Georgia"
609:, and sent them to the Spanish naval base at
8:
790:List of historical ships in British Columbia
570:("Nootka") Chief Callicum, the son of Chief
407:, passing through Principe Channel and into
764:, arriving in June. By the end of the year
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681:Haro Strait (Canal de LĂłpez de Haro) and
1174:Spanish history in the Pacific Northwest
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447:, from whom he learned that Colnett and
233:. In 1790, while under Spanish control,
805:
648:under Quimper, with LĂłpez de Haro and
439:and spent a few days trading with the
28:
1159:Age of Sail merchant ships of England
577:On 21 June 1789, MartĂnez dispatched
287:in 1789 as being a sloop of 60 tons (
173:4 x 1 pound (0.5 kg) cannon + 8
80:
40:
7:
1154:Merchant ships of the United Kingdom
953:José Narváez: The Forgotten Explorer
628:In late 1789, a Spanish force under
539:, and more arrived later, including
463:back to the Hawaiian Islands, where
443:. Near Nootka Sound he encountered
780:. She was later sold for salvage.
515:, under Thomas Hudson, along with
455:south, trading in the vicinity of
25:
845:Crosse, John (Winter 1991–1992).
81:
42:
1056:. Sasquatch Books. p. 70.
322:, on an expedition to acquire
314:, accompanied the much larger
1:
1184:History of Washington (state)
553:among them. Hudson had taken
435:into the uncharted waters of
701:(Puerta de Revilla Gigedo),
475:returned to England via the
369:encounters with some of the
1169:History of Vancouver Island
693:(La Gran Montana Carmelo),
332:King George's Sound Company
1210:
918:Alaska: An American Colony
597:and Narváez in command of
259:Victoria, British Columbia
1149:Ships of the Spanish Navy
118:
35:
31:
916:Haycox, Stephen (2006).
705:, the San Juan Islands,
599:San Carlos (el Filipino)
587:Santa Gertrudis la Magna
273:British merchant vessel
119:General characteristics
1126:"Princess Royal Island"
1077:Pethick, Derek (1980).
1019:Pethick, Derek (1980).
981:Pethick, Derek (1980).
887:Galois, Robert (2004).
818:Galois, Robert (2004).
636:, under the command of
574:, was shot and killed.
500:Houston Stewart Channel
147:16 ft (4.9 m)
950:McDowell, Jim (1998).
621:Spanish naval vessel,
511:In the spring of 1789
239:Strait of Juan de Fuca
139:43 ft (13 m)
18:Princess Royal (sloop)
1131:BC Geographical Names
1121:, Sooke Region Museum
1052:Hayes, Derek (1999).
736:In 1791 Quimper took
595:Gonzalo LĂłpez de Haro
527:(James Colnett), and
405:Princess Royal Island
365:they had a series of
249:(the entrance to the
201:Esteban JosĂ© MartĂnez
76:By Spanish Navy, 1789
726:Monterey, California
697:(Puerto de Quadra),
423:, Gribbell Island,
349:in the vicinity of
1164:Age of Sail sloops
630:Francisco de Eliza
583:North West America
579:JosĂ© MarĂa Narváez
530:North West America
355:Aristazabal Island
347:indigenous peoples
306:From 1786 to 1788
898:978-0-7748-0855-2
831:978-0-7748-0855-2
601:and the captured
591:Northwest Passage
536:Columbia Rediviva
477:Cape of Good Hope
425:Hawkesbury Island
265:(the entrance to
257:near present-day
255:Esquimalt Harbour
251:Strait of Georgia
227:Pacific Northwest
223:Nootka Convention
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16:(Redirected from
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363:British Columbia
281:Lloyd's Register
243:San Juan Islands
231:Hawaiian Islands
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421:Campania Island
409:Douglas Channel
382:Prince of Wales
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711:Fidalgo Island
707:Whidbey Island
703:Dungeness Spit
695:Port Discovery
687:Deception Pass
683:Rosario Strait
661:Princess Royal
642:Princess Royal
638:Manuel Quimper
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869:. Retrieved
860:(1): 30–32.
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742:Philippines
732:Last voyage
699:Sooke Basin
691:Mount Baker
547:Robert Gray
445:John Meares
413:Pitt Island
351:Haida Gwaii
267:Puget Sound
247:Haro Strait
207:during the
193:fur trading
175:swivel guns
1189:1778 ships
1143:Categories
932:online at
903:online at
871:24 January
605:, renamed
585:, renamed
427:, and the
417:Gil Island
386:Waimea Bay
336:James Cook
162:Complement
1179:Fur trade
958:32–45, 51
866:0045-2963
801:Footnotes
795:Towereroo
724:south to
517:Iphigenia
390:Hawaiians
374:Tsimshian
343:Cape Horn
324:sea otter
152:Sail plan
784:See also
672:Neah Bay
611:San Blas
572:Maquinna
545:, under
525:Argonaut
485:Argonaut
441:Heiltsuk
371:Kitkatla
318:, under
310:, under
297:Scotland
229:and the
170:Armament
103:Acquired
73:Captured
65:Launched
283:listed
165:15 crew
36:History
1093:
1060:
1035:
997:
964:
924:
895:
864:
828:
762:Manila
479:while
357:, and
261:, and
136:Length
1087:50–52
1029:26–31
991:22–23
850:(PDF)
746:Macau
496:Haida
328:China
301:draft
293:Leith
205:Spain
156:Sloop
87:Spain
1091:ISBN
1058:ISBN
1033:ISBN
995:ISBN
962:ISBN
922:ISBN
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