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her sister Marie of
Romania. She kept up a façade for the sake of her children, including her teenage son Vladimir, but was unable to forgive Kirill's betrayal. Victoria suffered a stroke soon after attending the christening of her fifth grandchild, Mechtilde of Leiningen, in February 1936. Family and friends arrived, but nothing could be done. When her closest sister reached her bedside Victoria was asked if she was glad Marie had come, to which Victoria haltingly replied, "It makes all the difference." However, she "shuddered away from Kirill's touch," wrote Marie. She died on 2 March 1936. Queen Marie eulogized her sister in a letter after her death: "The whole thing was tragic beyond imagination, a tragic end to a tragic life. She carried tragedy within her – she had tragic eyes – always – even as a little girl – but we loved her enormously, there was something mighty about her – she was our Conscience."
734:. "For to keep up your spirits and a laughing face while ruin is staring you in the eyes and misery is tearing your heart to pieces is a struggle which is fruitless. I only tried for her sake. If I had not loved her so, I would have given it up long ago." Princess Louis later wrote that she was less surprised by the divorce than Ernest was. "Though both had done their best to make a success of their marriage, it had been a failure ... heir characters and temperaments were quite unsuited to each other and I had noticed how they were gradually drifting apart." The divorce caused scandal in the royal circles of Europe. Tsar Nicholas wrote to his mother that even death would have been better than "the general disgrace of a divorce."
931:, and swore loyalty to its leadership, hoping to restore order and preserve the monarchy. It was an action which later provoked criticism from some members of the family, who viewed it as treason. Victoria supported her husband and felt he was doing the right thing. She also sympathized with the people who wanted to reform the government. Kirill was forced to resign his command of the Naval Guards, but nevertheless his men remained faithful and they continued to guard Kirill and Victoria's palace on Glinka Street. Close to despair, Victoria wrote to her sister Marie of Romania that they had "neither pride nor hope, nor money, nor future, and the dear past blotted out by the frightful present; nothing is left, nothing."
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person in her children's lives. As a child, Victoria had a difficult temperament. She was shy, serious and sensitive. In the judgment of her sister Marie: "This passionate child was often misunderstood." Princess
Victoria Melita was talented at drawing and painting and learned to play the piano. She was particularly close to Marie. The two sisters would remain very close throughout their lives. They contrasted in appearance and personality. Victoria was dark and moody while Marie was blonde and easy-going. Although she was one year younger, Victoria was taller and seemed to be the older of the two.
862:. As French was frequently spoken in high circles, Victoria never completely mastered the Russian language. Although she was a first cousin of both Nicholas II, on her mother's side, and to Empress Alexandra, on her father's side, the relationship with them was neither close nor warm. As Kirill became a keen auto racer, the couple often took trips by car; a favorite pastime was traveling through the Baltic provinces. Victoria dreaded the long Russian winter with its short days, and she traveled abroad, frequently visiting her sister Marie in Romania and her mother in the south of France or in
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Victoria's inattention to her duties provoked quarrels with Ernest. The young couple had loud, physical fights. The volatile
Victoria shouted, threw tea trays, smashed china against the wall, and tossed anything that was handy at Ernest during their arguments. Victoria sought relief in her love for horses and long gallops over the countryside on a hard-to-control stallion named Bogdan. While she was in Russia for the coronation of Tsar Nicholas II, Victoria's affection for Kirill was also rekindled. She enjoyed flirting with him at the balls and celebrations that marked the coronation.
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1068:, Villa Victoria. The resort town of Saint-Briac was a favorite spot for retired British citizens who wanted to live well on a limited income. Victoria made friends among the Britons as well as the French and other foreign residents of the town. Though at first her manner could seem haughty, residents soon discovered that Victoria was more approachable than her husband. Their friends treated them with deference, curtsying or calling them by their imperial titles. They lived a secluded country life, finding it more agreeable than at Coburg.
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907:, one of those implicated in the murder. The Tsar denied their request. Twice during the war Victoria visited Romania, where her sister Marie was now queen, volunteering aid for war victims. Victoria returned to Saint Petersburg in February 1917. Kirill had been appointed commander of the Naval Guards, quartered in Saint Petersburg, so he could be with his family for some time. Although publicly loyal to the Tsar, Victoria and Kirill began to meet in private with other relatives to discuss the best way to save the monarchy.
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both enjoyed entertaining and frequently held house parties for young friends. Their unwritten rule was that anyone over thirty "was old and out." Formality was dispensed with and royal house guests were referred to by their nicknames and encouraged to do as they wished. Victoria and Ernest cultivated friends who were progressive artists and intellectuals as well as those who enjoyed fun and frolic. Victoria's cousin
614:. Although the two were deeply attracted to each other, Victoria's mother was reluctant to allow her to marry him because the Russian Orthodox faith forbids the marriage of first cousins. She was also suspicious of the morality of the Romanov men. When her teenage daughters were impressed by their handsome cousins, their mother warned them that the Russian grand dukes did not make good husbands.
750:. She and Ernest shared custody of Elisabeth, who spent six months of each year with each parent. Elisabeth blamed Victoria for the divorce and Victoria had a difficult time reconnecting with her daughter. Ernest wrote in his memoirs that Elisabeth hid under a sofa, crying, before one visit to her mother. The Grand Duke assured the child that her mother loved her too. Elisabeth responded, "Mama
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Petersburg. The new grand duchess enjoyed entertaining at evening dinners and lavish balls attended by the cream of Saint
Petersburg society. Victoria had an artistic talent that she applied to home decoration in her several elaborate residences, which she arranged attractively. She decorated, gardened, and rode, and also enjoyed painting, particularly watercolors.
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for him. She also refused to let him be educated for a future career. In return for her devotion, Vladimir loved and respected his mother. "We adored our parents and their love for us was infinite," Vladimir wrote after their deaths. "All the hardships and bitterness we had to endure in the years were fully covered by our mutual love. We were proud of (them)."
532:, with its forest and park was the children's favorite residence. In January 1886, shortly after Princess Victoria turned nine, the family left England when her father was appointed commander-in-chief of the Mediterranean naval squadron, based on Malta. For the next three years, the family lived at the
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Anxious for their safety, Kirill and
Victoria decided that the best thing to do was to leave Russia. They chose Finland as the best possible place to go. Although a territory of the Russian Empire, Finland possessed its own government and constitution, so in a way it would be like being in Russia and
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nurse and organized a motorized ambulance unit that was known for its efficiency. Victoria frequently visited the front near Warsaw and she occasionally carried out her duties under enemy fire. Kirill, for his part, was also in Poland, assigned to the naval department of
Admiral Russin, member of the
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Nicholas II reinstated Kirill after deaths in the
Russian imperial family promoted Kirill to third in the line of succession to the Russian throne. Kirill and Victoria were allowed in Russia, Victoria was granted the title of Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna, and in May 1910 the couple arrived in St
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to be with
Victoria. The narrow escape from death had hardened Kirill's determination to marry Victoria. "To those over whom the shadow of death has passed, life has a new meaning," Kirill wrote in his memoirs. "It is like daylight. And I was now within visible reach of fulfillment of the dream of my
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Victoria and Ernest proved incompatible. Victoria despaired of her husband's lack of affection towards her, while Ernest devoted much of his attention to their daughter, who he adored. Elisabeth, who physically resembled her mother, preferred the company of her father to
Victoria. Ernest and Victoria
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Victoria was exceedingly protective of her son
Vladimir, upon whom her hopes for the future rested. She would not let him attend school because she was worried about his safety and because she wanted him to be brought up as Romanov grand dukes were prior to the revolution. Instead, she hired a tutor
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during a November 1903 visit to Tsar Nicholas II and his family at their Polish hunting lodge. The doctor advised the Tsar's family to notify the child's mother of her illness, but it is rumored that the Tsarina delayed in sending a telegram. Victoria received the final telegram notifying her of the
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Victoria and Ernest's marriage suffered a further blow in 1897, when Victoria returned home from a visit to her sister Queen Marie of Romania and reportedly caught Ernest in bed with a male servant. She did not make her accusation public, but told a niece that "no boy was safe, from the stable hands
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and invited friends home for parties and games. However, it was rumored in town that Kirill went to Paris "for the occasional fling". Victoria, who had devoted her life to Kirill, was devastated when she discovered in 1933 that her husband had been unfaithful to her, according to correspondence of
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In the mid-1920s, the German government established relations with Moscow and the presence of Kirill and his wife, pretenders to the Russian throne, became an embarrassment. Although the Bavarian government rejected pressures to expel the Russian claimant, Kirill and Victoria decided to establish
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Kirill, aware of the murders of Tsar Nicholas II and his only son, officially declared himself the Guardian of the Throne in 1924. Victoria went on a trip to the United States in 1924, hoping to raise American support for restoration of the monarchy. Her efforts evoked little response, due to the
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The marriage of Victoria's parents was unhappy. The Duke was taciturn, unfaithful, prone to drinking and emotionally detached from his family. Victoria's mother was independent-minded and cultured. Although she was unsentimental and strict, the Duchess was a devoted mother and the most important
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Victoria was, however, less enthusiastic about fulfilling her public role. She avoided answering letters, put off visits to elderly relations whose company she did not enjoy, and talked to people who amused her at official functions while ignoring people of higher standing who she found boring.
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At the end of the "February Revolution" of 1917, Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and political turmoil followed. Victoria wrote to Queen Marie of Romania in February 1917 that their home was surrounded by a mob, "yet heart and soul we are with this movement of freedom which at the time
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In Saint-Briac, during the summer, Kirill played golf and he and Victoria joined in picnics and excursions. They were part of the social life of the community, going out to play bridge and organizing theatricals. During the winter Victoria and her husband enjoyed visiting nearby
606:," according to one observer. Victoria had "too little chin to be conventionally beautiful," in the opinion of one of her biographers, but "she had a good figure, deep blue eyes, and dark complexion." In 1891, Victoria travelled with her mother to the funeral of her maternal aunt
726:, her chargé d'affaires, but refused to consent to her grandchildren's divorce because of their daughter, Elisabeth. Efforts to rekindle the marriage failed and, when Queen Victoria died in January 1901, significant opposition to the end of the marriage was removed.
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child's death just as she was preparing to travel to Poland to be at her bedside. At Elisabeth's funeral, Victoria removed her Hessian Order, a medallion, and placed it on her daughter's coffin as a final gesture "that she had made a final break with her old home."
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Victoria Melita with family members and in-laws: (left to right, sitting) Princess Irene, Grand Duchess Elizabeth, Victoria Melita, Grand Duke Sergei; (standing) Tsar Nicholas II, Empress Alexandra Fyodorovna, Princess Victoria and Grand Duke Ernest, Darmstadt,
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Ernest, who had at first resisted the divorce, came to believe it was the only possible step. "Now that I am calmer I see the absolute impossibility of going on leading a life which was killing her and driving me nearly mad," Ernest wrote to his elder sister
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410:, and settled in Paris before being allowed to visit Russia in 1909. In 1910 they moved to Russia, where Nicholas recognized Victoria as Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna. After the fall of the Russian monarchy in 1917 they escaped to
900:. The Tsarina believed Rasputin healed her son of his hemophiliac attacks with his prayers. Victoria told her sister, Queen Marie of Romania, that the Tsar's court was "looked upon as a sick man refusing every doctor and every help."
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probably signs our own death warrant ... We personally are losing all, our lives changed at one blow and yet we are almost leading the movement." By March 1917, the revolution had spread all over Petrograd (Saint Petersburg).
982:, the British minister in Helsinki, noted the toll the revolution had taken on Victoria. She "looked aged and battered and has lost much of her beauty, which is not astonishing considering all that she has gone through."
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was invited, without being told the reason, but did not arrive until after the ceremony. Tsar Nicholas II responded to the marriage by stripping Kirill of his imperial allowance and expelling him from the Russian navy.
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was outraged at her former sister-in-law and said she would never receive Victoria, "a woman who had behaved so disgracefully", or Kirill. The couple retired to Paris, where they purchased a house off the
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coast, where they had spent their summer vacations. The remoteness of Brittany provided both privacy and security. They bought a large house on the outskirts of the town and gave it a Breton name,
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After Victoria's divorce from Ernest, Grand Duke Kirill, whom she had seen on all her subsequent visits to Russia, was discouraged by his parents from trying to keep a close relationship with her.
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stance and her hope that the movement might help restore the Russian monarchy. She attended a Nazi rally in Coburg in 1922. She was likely unaware of the most sinister aspects of the Nazi Party.
866:. Victoria and her husband had a close relationship with their daughters, Maria and Kira. The family was spending the summer of 1914 on their yacht in the Gulf of Finland. The family arrived in
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in Brittany. In 1926 Kirill proclaimed himself Russian emperor in exile, and Victoria supported her husband's claims. Victoria died after suffering a stroke while visiting her daughter Maria in
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staff of Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich, commander in chief of the Russian army. Kirill and Victoria had always shared their relatives' distaste for the Tsar and Tsarina's friendship with the
963:, her only son and the heir to the dynasty. The family remained in Finland, a former grand duchy under Russian rule, which had declared its independence in December 1917. They hoped that the
669:. Victoria became Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine, Ernest having ascended the throne in 1892. Her wedding is also significant since at the same time the official engagement of the future
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for members of the British royal family. Where a princess may have been or is descended from George I more than once, her most senior descent, by which she bore or bears her title, is used.
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isolationism prevalent in the United States during the 1920s. She continued in her efforts to help Kirill restore the monarchy and also sold her artwork to raise money for the household.
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After the Duke's service in Malta was over, the family returned to England, where they lived for the next few years. They divided their time between Eastwell Park, their country home in
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in 1889. Their mother immediately began attempting to "Germanise" her daughters by installing a new governess, buying them plain clothing, and having them confirmed in the German
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513:. The princess was christened on 1 January 1877 at San Anton Palace by a Royal Navy chaplain. Her godparents included her paternal grandmother, who was represented by a proxy.
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Victoria Melita's letters to her sister Alexandra are preserved in the Hohenlohe Central Archive (Hohenlohe-Zentralarchiv Neuenstein) in Neuenstein Castle in the town of
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Kirill suffered a nervous breakdown in 1923 and Victoria nursed him back to health. She encouraged his dreams of restoring the monarchy in Russia and becoming tsar. At
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when the war broke out. Kirill was the Honorary President of the Baltic Automobile and Aero Club and participated in the race along with Baltic and German nobility.
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809:. It was a simple ceremony, with Victoria's mother, her sister Beatrice, and a friend, Count Adlerburg, in attendance, along with servants. The couple's uncle
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633:. Both were artistic and fun loving, got along well and even shared a birthday. The Queen, observing this, was very keen for her two grandchildren to marry.
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838:, was born in Paris in 1909. Victoria and Kirill, who had hoped for a son, were disappointed to have a girl, but named their daughter after her father.
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A few months later, war broke out between Russia and Japan. As a senior member of the navy, Kirill was sent on active service to the front in the
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When Rasputin was murdered in December 1916, Victoria and Kirill signed a letter along with other relatives asking the Tsar to show leniency to
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After more than two years living under strained conditions, in the autumn of 1919 Victoria and Kirill left Finland and went to Germany. In
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would prevail. They gradually ran out of supplies and had to beg for help from family. In July 1918, Victoria wrote to her first cousin,
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By the mid-1920s, Victoria worried over the prospects of her children. Maria, her eldest daughter, married the head of one of Germany's
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to the kitchen help. He slept quite openly with them all." Queen Victoria was saddened when she heard of trouble in the marriage from
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and he was one of the few survivors. Sent home to recover, the Tsar finally allowed him permission to leave Russia and he left for
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Princess Victoria of Edinburgh. Within her family, she was always known as "Ducky". At the time of her birth, she was 10th in the
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in Saint Petersburg on 7 March 1995. Her husband was intensely lonely after her death. The marriage of their daughter, Kira, to
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A formal portrait of Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich, Grand Duchess Victoria, and their daughter Maria Kirillovna, 1908, Coburg
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The teenage Victoria was a "tall, dark girl, with violet eyes ... with the assuredness of an Empress and the high spirits of a
367:, where Victoria's father became the reigning duke in 1893. In her teens, Victoria fell in love with her maternal first cousin
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on 25 November 1925, Victoria's 49th birthday. Victoria was at her daughter's bedside when she gave birth to her first child,
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in 1907, a decision that thrilled both her mother and her husband. Three days later the first of their three children,
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The Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha with his family: (from left to right) Princess Beatrice, the Duke, the Duchess, the
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life. Nothing would cheat me of it now. I had gone through much. Now, at last, the future lay radiant before me."
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remembered one stay there as "the jolliest, merriest house party to which I have ever been in my life."
621:, a search was made for a suitable husband for Victoria. Her visit to her grandmother Queen Victoria at
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in September 1919. With the death of Victoria's mother, she inherited her villa, Chateau Fabron in
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not being at the same time. They had already been once invited to Haikko, a beautiful estate, near
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Eventually, Victoria and Ernest bowed to their families' pressure and married on 19 April 1894 at
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succession rights in favour of his younger brothers. Alfred and his family therefore moved to
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Victoria married Kirill in 1905. They wed without the formal approval of Britain's King
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Victoria fit in within the Russian aristocracy and the circle of her mother-in-law
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and Constantine Pleshakov, The Flight of the Romanovs, Basic Books, 1999, p. 83
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As a patrilineal grandchild of the British monarch, Victoria Melita was styled
336:; 25 November 1876 – 2 March 1936), was the third child and second daughter of
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love me." Ernest remained silent and did not correct Elisabeth's impression.
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Victoria, who had matured as she entered her 30s, decided to convert to the
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As a male-line grandchild of the British monarch, Victoria Melita bore the
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their permanent residence in France. In the summer of 1926 they moved to
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they were reunited with Victoria's mother and the family group moved to
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to help the White Russians retake the country. In a letter to the King,
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Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna and her daughters Maria and Kira, 1913
379:. Bowing to family pressure, Victoria married her paternal first cousin
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told Kirill to keep Victoria as his mistress and marry someone else.
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on 24 July for the third Victoria Prize motor race which finished in
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Imperial house. Outstanding dignitaries. Encyclopedia of Biographies
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A Fatal Passion: The Story of the Uncrowned Last Empress of Russia,
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A Fatal Passion: The Story of the Uncrowned Last Empress of Russia,
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Coat of arms of Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
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946:
867:
845:
773:
736:
712:
700:
640:
547:
476:
4103:
Princess Teresa Cristina, Baroness Taxis of Bordogna and Valnigra
955:
After two weeks in Haikko, the family moved to a rented house in
994:
871:
579:
to the duchy when his older brother, the Prince of Wales (later
517:
481:
The Duchess of Edinburgh with her children. From left to right:
4181:
4052:
Dorothea, Duchess of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg
3831:
3318:
1187:
Most Venerable Order of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem
4396:
Viktoria Feodorovna (Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha)
1415:
Ancestors of Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
571:, the sovereign German duchy ruled by Albert's elder brother,
556:, Princess Victoria, Princess Alexandra and Princess Marie at
3019:
Lines of Succession: Heraldry of the Royal Families of Europe
4565:
Burials at Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg
3063:
A Lifelong Passion: Nicholas and Alexandra: Their Own Story,
1389:
567:, Victoria Melita's father was in the line of succession to
3688:
Alexandra, Princess Arthur of Connaught and Duchess of Fife
1048:, in 1926 (later father of claimant to the Russian throne,
625:
in the autumn of 1891 coincided with a visit by her cousin
793:. His ship was blown up by a Japanese mine while entering
2916:(in German), Darmstadt: Staatsverlag, 1907, pp. 2, 5
3951:
Louise, Princess Philipp of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry
2644:
2642:
2640:
2638:
2072:
2070:
4369:
Militza Nikolaevna of Montenegro (Milica of Montenegro)
3975:
Joséphine Caroline, Princess Karl Anton of Hohenzollern
595:
church, even though they had previously been raised as
4354:
Alexandra Georgievna (Alexandra of Greece and Denmark)
4349:
Elizabeth Feodorovna (Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine)
2967:"Real orden de Damas Nobles de la Reina Maria Luisa".
1385:
1032:
Victoria, Kirill, and their children Kira and Vladimir
3148:
Portraits of Victoria Melita, Grand Duchess of Russia
1089:
Victoria was buried in the ducal family mausoleum at
1004:
While in Germany, Victoria showed an interest in the
823:
and lived off the income provided by their parents.
4404:
4388:
4359:
Elizaveta Mavrikievna (Elisabeth of Saxe-Altenburg)
4331:
4300:
4269:
4248:
4232:
4215:
4137:
4124:
4111:
4078:
3984:
3903:
3881:
3865:
3794:
3766:
3750:
3724:
3708:
Princess Caroline Mathilde of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
3675:
3591:
3541:
3513:
Charlotte, Princess Leopold of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
3505:
3454:
3423:
3387:
3371:
2628:
2626:
2400:
2398:
2211:
2209:
2060:
2058:
310:
300:
290:
278:
245:
182:
150:
130:
105:
101:
93:
86:
78:
71:
41:
4412:Leonida Georgievna (Leonida Bagration of Mukhrani)
4256:Natalia Alexeievna (Wilhelmina of Hesse-Darmstadt)
3477:Princess Mary, Duchess of Gloucester and Edinburgh
3462:Charlotte, Princess Royal and Queen of WĂĽrttemberg
3174:Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
2857:
2855:
398:would have required), and in defiance of Russia's
4560:Grand Crosses of the Order of the Crown (Romania)
4313:Alexandra Iosifovna (Alexandra of Saxe-Altenburg)
4282:Anna Feodorovna (Juliane of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld)
4261:Maria Feodorovna (Sophie Dorothea of WĂĽrttemberg)
3144: (archived 27 October 2009), by Jesus Ibarra.
3118:The Camera and the Tsars: A Romanov Family Album,
2898:Hof- und Staats-Handbuch des GroĂźherzogtum Hessen
1964:
1962:
1644:Princess Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4550:Ladies of the Royal Order of Victoria and Albert
4439:title granted by Grand Duke Vladimir Cyrillovich
3659:Alexandra, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
3575:Princess Frederica, Baroness von Pawel-Rammingen
3559:Helena, Princess Christian of Schleswig-Holstein
2226:The Camera and the Tsars: A Romanov Family Album
1338:Royal Order of Noble Ladies of Queen Maria Luisa
1322:Decoration of the Military Order of Saint George
575:, until his death in 1893. Prince Alfred became
4490:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (United Kingdom)
4063:Nadezhda, Duchess Albrecht Eugen of WĂĽrttemberg
3923:Helena, Princess Christian of Scheswig-Holstein
563:As a son of Queen Victoria's deceased husband,
528:. Eastwell, a large estate of 2,500 acres near
4374:Maria Georgievna (Maria of Greece and Denmark)
4364:Anastasia Nikolaevna (Anastasia of Montenegro)
4344:Maria Pavlovna (Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin)
4240:Catherine Alexeievna (Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst)
4143:Princess Mafalda Cecilia, Mrs Marc Abousleiman
3742:Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy
3528:Augusta, Grand Duchess of Mecklenburg-Strelitz
3078:Perry, John Curtis and Constantine Pleshakov.
2993:"marks of cadency in the British royal family"
2299:
2297:
2172:
2170:
2102:
2100:
1381:Princess Alexandra, The Honourable Lady Ogilvy
959:where, in August 1917, Victoria gave birth to
381:Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
194:Ernest Louis, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
4545:Companions of the Order of the Crown of India
4223:Charlotte Christine of Brunswick-WolfenbĂĽttel
4193:
4086:Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood
3946:Amalie, Duchess Maximilian Emanuel in Bavaria
3911:Victoria, German Empress and Queen of Prussia
3843:
3683:Mary, Princess Royal and Countess of Harewood
3446:Caroline Matilda, Queen of Denmark and Norway
3330:
629:, heir apparent to the grand ducal throne of
8:
3941:Clotilde, Archduchess Joseph Karl of Austria
3859:Princesses of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha by birth
3774:Princess Beatrice, Mrs Edoardo Mapelli Mozzi
1294:Kingdom of Romania: Dame Grand Cross of the
1260:Grand Ducal Hessian Order of the Golden Lion
1008:, which appealed to her because of its anti-
645:Victoria and Ernest at their wedding in 1894
608:Grand Duchess Alexandra Georgievna of Russia
4318:Alexandra Petrovna (Alexandra of Oldenburg)
4287:Alexandra Feodorovna (Charlotte of Prussia)
4163:United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
4022:Alexandra, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
4016:Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna of Russia
3624:Alexandra, Princess of Hohenlohe-Langenburg
3619:Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna of Russia
3549:Victoria, Princess Royal and German Empress
3395:Anne, Princess Royal and Princess of Orange
617:Soon after her sister Marie was married to
330:Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna of Russia
177:, Peter and Paul Fortress, Saint Petersburg
88:Consort to the Head of the House of Romanov
73:Grand Duchess consort of Hesse and by Rhine
48:Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna of Russia
27:Grand Duchess Victoria Feodorovna of Russia
4585:Recipients of the Order of Saint Catherine
4200:
4186:
4178:
3992:Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife
3917:Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine
3850:
3836:
3828:
3652:Marie Louise, Princess Maximilian of Baden
3599:Louise, Princess Royal and Duchess of Fife
3554:Alice, Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine
3337:
3323:
3315:
3245:Princess Eleonore of Solms-Hohensolms-Lich
3169:
3154:
3138:"Victoria Melita of Edinburgh (1876–1936)"
1802:Louis II, Grand Duke of Hesse and by Rhine
1766:Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia
1560:Prince Edward, Duke of Kent and Strathearn
1420:
1411:
951:Victoria, Kirill, and their three children
761:Elisabeth died at age eight and a half of
342:Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia
305:Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna of Russia
54:
38:
4555:Ladies of Justice of the Order of St John
4292:Elena Pavlovna (Charlotte of WĂĽrttemberg)
4092:Princess Sibylla, Duchess of Västerbotten
3701:Princess Sibylla, Duchess of Västerbotten
1618:Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
961:Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia
811:Grand Duke Alexei Alexandrovich of Russia
438:Victoria was born on 25 November 1876 in
369:Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich of Russia
270:Grand Duke Vladimir Kirillovich of Russia
223:Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich of Russia
30:For other princesses named Victoria, see
2908:
2906:
2841:An Almanack for the Year of Our Lord ...
805:The couple married on 8 October 1905 in
679:Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine
511:line of succession to the British throne
418:) where she gave birth to her only son,
255:Princess Elisabeth of Hesse and by Rhine
42:Victoria Melita of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4510:Anti-communists from the Russian Empire
4433:also a Grand Duchess of Russia by birth
3998:Princess Victoria of the United Kingdom
3533:Princess Mary Adelaide, Duchess of Teck
3472:Elizabeth, Landgravine of Hesse-Homburg
3358:, who formalised the use of the titles
3061:Maylunas, Andrei and Sergei Mironenko.
1914:
1498:Princess Louise of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg
1440:Ernest I, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
923:on 14 March 1917, which was obliged to
260:Maria Kirillovna, Princess of Leiningen
4535:White Russian emigrants to Switzerland
4277:Elizabeth Alexeievna (Louise of Baden)
4028:Princess Beatrice, Duchess of Galliera
3969:Princess Henriette, Duchess of VendĂ´me
3935:Beatrice, Princess Henry of Battenberg
3737:Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon
3629:Princess Beatrice, Duchess of Galliera
3569:Beatrice, Princess Henry of Battenberg
3354:The generations indicate descent from
1781:
1661:
1657:
1647:
1539:
1466:Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1429:
1425:
610:. There Victoria met her first cousin
565:Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4209:Grand Duchesses of Russia by marriage
3889:Princess Victoria, Duchess of Nemours
3779:Princess Eugenie, Mrs Jack Brooksbank
3307:Princess Leonida Georgievna Bagration
3021:, London: Little, Brown, p. 34,
1857:
1847:
1843:
1831:
1825:
1815:
1799:
1789:
1785:
1769:
1763:
1753:
1737:
1727:
1723:
1711:
1705:
1695:
1679:
1669:
1665:
1641:
1631:
1615:
1605:
1601:
1589:
1583:
1573:
1557:
1547:
1543:
1527:
1524:Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
1521:
1511:
1495:
1485:
1481:
1469:
1463:
1453:
1437:
1433:
1280:Merit Order of Philip the Magnanimous
905:Grand Duke Dmitri Pavlovich of Russia
687:Prince Nicholas of Greece and Denmark
338:Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
334:Princess Victoria Melita of Edinburgh
295:Alfred, Duke of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
109:Princess Victoria Melita of Edinburgh
18:Princess Victoria Melita of Edinburgh
7:
4339:Maria Feodorovna (Dagmar of Denmark)
3957:Stéphanie, Crown Princess of Austria
3223:Princess Alice of the United Kingdom
2914:GroĂźherzoglich Hessische Ordensliste
1828:Princess Marie of Hesse and by Rhine
1164:Imperial Order of the Crown of India
1042:Karl, Hereditary Prince of Leiningen
709:, who died in 1903 of typhoid fever.
346:Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom
265:Kira Kirillovna, Princess of Prussia
4495:Princesses of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
4485:Russian grand duchesses by marriage
4308:Maria Alexandrovna (Marie of Hesse)
4130:Princess Kalina, Countess of Murany
4046:Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone
3694:Maud Carnegie, Countess of Southesk
3646:Princess Alice, Countess of Athlone
3415:Louise, Queen of Denmark and Norway
3230:Grand Duchess of Hesse and by Rhine
1270:Grand Ducal Hessian Order of Ludwig
524:, their residence in London facing
4530:White Russian emigrants to Finland
4525:White Russian emigrants to Germany
4323:Olga Feodorovna (Cäcilie of Baden)
4034:Margaret, Crown Princess of Sweden
3929:Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll
3634:Margaret, Crown Princess of Sweden
3564:Princess Louise, Duchess of Argyll
2323:Feodorovna as a Romanov patronymic
1177:Royal Order of Victoria and Albert
1120:Louis Ferdinand, Prince of Prussia
344:. She was a granddaughter of both
32:Princess Victoria (disambiguation)
25:
4520:White Russian emigrants to France
3410:Mary, Landgravine of Hesse-Kassel
3379:Sophia Dorothea, Queen in Prussia
3234:19 April 1894 – 21 December 1901
3152:National Portrait Gallery, London
2865:. 13 October 2007. Archived from
2827:. 15 December 1893. p. 7319.
2381:The Last Motor Race of The Empire
2228:, Sutton Publishing, 2004, p. 107
1336:Restoration (Spain): Dame of the
1313:Imperial Order of Saint Catherine
997:and her residence in Coburg, the
974:Victoria pleaded with her cousin
969:Crown Princess Margaret of Sweden
919:Kirill led his naval unit to the
705:Victoria Melita and her daughter
619:Crown Prince Ferdinand of Romania
536:in Malta, Victoria's birthplace.
466:, the only surviving daughter of
387:, died of typhoid fever in 1903.
4117:Marie Louise, Princess of Koháry
2675:Perry and Pleshakov, pp. 307–308
2137:, St. Martin's Press, 1972, p.62
1371:, the outer pair bearing hearts
1329:
1301:
1287:
1248:
1232:
1225:
1218:
1210:Kingdom of Prussia: Dame of the
1203:
1149:
464:Grand Duchess Maria Alexandrovna
456:Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh
209:
82:19 April 1894 – 21 December 1901
3785:Lady Louise Mountbatten-Windsor
3497:Princess Caroline of Gloucester
2973:(in Spanish). 1914. p. 219
612:Grand Duke Kirill Vladimirovich
363:. In 1889, the family moved to
234:
205:
4540:Members of the Royal Red Cross
3518:Princess Elizabeth of Clarence
3289:Reason for succession failure:
3179:House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
2750:Coburg Stadt und Land (German)
1956:Sutton Publishing, 1991, p. 15
1586:Victoria of the United Kingdom
1050:Prince Karl Emich of Leiningen
667:Albert Edward, Prince of Wales
377:marriage between first cousins
350:Emperor Alexander II of Russia
1:
4475:Duchesses of Holstein-Gottorp
3963:Clémentine, Princess Napoléon
3492:Princess Sophia of Gloucester
3431:Augusta, Duchess of Brunswick
3286:31 August 1924 – 2 March 1936
1740:Princess Charlotte of Prussia
1363:, the whole differenced by a
1296:Order of the Crown of Romania
1132:Neuenstein, Baden-WĂĽrttemberg
97:31 August 1924 – 2 March 1936
61:
4505:British women in World War I
4427:never converted to Orthodoxy
4379:Xenia Alexandrovna of Russia
4153:* also a princess of Belgium
4057:Princess Eudoxia of Bulgaria
1860:Princess Wilhelmine of Baden
1016:Claims to the Russian throne
860:Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna
784:Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna
732:Princess Louis of Battenberg
659:Empress Frederick of Germany
627:Prince Ernest Louis of Hesse
501:and Princess Victoria Melita
4167:*** also a princess of the
3802:Princess Charlotte of Wales
2928:The Court Calendar for 1911
2771:Perry and Pleshakov, p. 309
2702:Perry and Pleshakov, p. 308
2512:Perry and Pleshakov, p. 228
707:Princess Elisabeth of Hesse
673:to Ernst's younger sister,
60:Photograph by Hugo Thiele,
4606:
4575:Daughters of British dukes
4069:Marie-José, Queen of Italy
3894:Carlota, Empress of Mexico
3807:Princess Lilibet of Sussex
3715:Frederica, Queen of Greece
3267:Alix of Hesse and by Rhine
3080:The Flight of the Romanovs
2945:. OLMA Media Group, 2003.
2748:KlĂĽglein, Norbert (1991).
1775:
1659:
1533:
1427:
1243:Saxe-Ernestine House Order
1185:: Dame Grand Cross of the
671:Tsar Nicholas II of Russia
29:
4590:House of Romanov in exile
4421:
4150:
3815:
3582:Princess Marie of Hanover
3352:
3298:
3281:Empress consort of Russia
3271:
3258:
3251:
3236:
3227:
3214:
3207:
3172:
3120:Sutton Publishing, 2004,
3046:Princess Victoria Melita,
1954:Princess Victoria Melita,
1845:
1837:
1809:
1787:
1783:
1747:
1725:
1717:
1689:
1667:
1663:
1625:
1603:
1595:
1567:
1545:
1541:
1505:
1483:
1475:
1447:
1431:
1388:
1375:, the inner pair anchors
53:
46:
4580:Remarried royal consorts
4500:Grand duchesses of Hesse
3666:Princess Olga of Hanover
3294:Empire abolished in 1917
3096:Sullivan, Michael John.
2838:Joseph Whitaker (1897).
2752:. Verkehrsverein Coburg.
2164:Van der Kiste, pp. 60–61
1925:Random House, 1997, p. 7
1311:Dame Grand Cross of the
1268:Dame Grand Cross of the
414:(then still part of the
396:Royal Marriages Act 1772
4098:Princess Maria Karoline
4010:Marie, Queen of Romania
3614:Marie, Queen of Romania
3467:Princess Augusta Sophia
2949:, pp. 203–204. 1307 p.
1921:Michael John Sullivan,
1116:Peter and Paul Fortress
1092:Friedhof am Glockenberg
886:, Victoria worked as a
842:Grand Duchess of Russia
828:Russian Orthodox Church
717:Victoria Melita in 1897
158:Friedhof am Glockenberg
4515:German anti-communists
2970:GuĂa Oficial de España
2900:(1900), Genealogy p. 2
2342:Sullivan, pp. 274–275.
1708:Alexander II of Russia
1394:
1255:Grand Duchy of Hesse:
1033:
952:
921:Provisional Government
851:
779:
754:she loves me, but you
743:
718:
710:
646:
637:Grand Duchess of Hesse
560:
502:
468:Alexander II of Russia
4004:Maud, Queen of Norway
3609:Maud, Queen of Norway
3274:— TITULAR —
3044:Van der Kiste, John.
2939:Fedorchenko, Valery.
2844:J. Whitaker. p.
2762:Sullivan, pp. 406–407
2738:Sullivan, pp. 403–404
2684:Van der Kiste, p. 139
2648:Van der Kiste, p. 163
2557:Sullivan, pp. 353–354
2548:Van der Kiste, p. 147
2521:Van der Kiste, p. 145
2458:Sullivan, pp. 311–312
2392:accessed 15 Dec 2023.
2155:Sullivan, pp. 189–190
2076:Sullivan, pp. 217–218
2043:Sullivan, pp. 93, 114
1393:
1112:Grand Ducal Mausoleum
1031:
950:
849:
777:
740:
716:
704:
644:
569:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
551:
480:
285:Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
175:Grand Ducal Mausoleum
4040:Lady Patricia Ramsay
3758:Anne, Princess Royal
3640:Lady Patricia Ramsay
3184:Cadet branch of the
2194:Van der Kiste, p. 81
1995:Van der Kiste, p. 14
1952:John Van der Kiste,
1682:Nicholas I of Russia
1106:, until her remains
583:), relinquished his
458:, the second son of
208: 1894;
4169:Tsardom of Bulgaria
3164:The Last Motor Race
2869:on 13 October 2007.
2224:Charlotte Zeepvat,
2013:Sullivan, pp. 87–88
2004:Sullivan, pp. 80–82
1162:: Companion of the
724:Sir George Buchanan
487:Grand Duchess Maria
430:(Lower Franconia).
400:Emperor Nicholas II
4570:Daughters of dukes
4480:British princesses
4470:People from Attard
3732:Queen Elizabeth II
3436:Princess Elizabeth
3346:British princesses
3303:Title next held by
3263:Title last held by
3253:Titles in pretence
3241:Title next held by
3219:Title last held by
3114:Zeepvat, Charlotte
2824:The London Gazette
2467:Van der Kiste, 105
2133:Terence Elsberry,
1395:
1034:
953:
925:share headquarters
852:
791:Russo-Japanese War
780:
744:
719:
711:
647:
631:Hesse and by Rhine
561:
507:Her Royal Highness
503:
483:Princess Alexandra
385:Princess Elisabeth
375:faith discouraged
373:Orthodox Christian
4447:
4446:
4175:
4174:
3825:
3824:
3604:Princess Victoria
3405:Princess Caroline
3313:
3312:
3276:
3092:978-0-465-02462-9
3049:Sutton Publishing
3028:978-1-85605-469-0
3015:Maclagan, Michael
2997:www.heraldica.org
2273:Sullivan, p. 237.
2032:John Curtis Perry
1905:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1404:
1403:
1272:, in Brilliants,
1262:, in Brilliants,
1239:Ernestine duchies
663:Kaiser Wilhelm II
651:Schloss Ehrenburg
526:Buckingham Palace
491:Princess Beatrice
462:. Her mother was
327:
326:
16:(Redirected from
4597:
4202:
4195:
4188:
4179:
3852:
3845:
3838:
3829:
3339:
3332:
3325:
3316:
3296:
3290:
3272:
3203:
3196:
3195:25 November 1876
3170:
3158:
3032:
3031:
3007:
3001:
3000:
2989:
2983:
2982:
2980:
2978:
2964:
2958:
2957:, 9785786700481.
2937:
2931:
2924:
2918:
2917:
2910:
2901:
2895:
2889:
2888:
2885:www.gogmsite.net
2877:
2871:
2870:
2859:
2850:
2849:
2835:
2829:
2828:
2815:
2809:
2808:
2801:
2795:
2794:
2787:
2781:
2780:Sullivan, p. 234
2778:
2772:
2769:
2763:
2760:
2754:
2753:
2745:
2739:
2736:
2730:
2727:
2721:
2720:Sullivan, p. 395
2718:
2712:
2711:Sullivan, p. 393
2709:
2703:
2700:
2694:
2693:Sullivan, p. 390
2691:
2685:
2682:
2676:
2673:
2667:
2666:Sullivan, p. 376
2664:
2658:
2657:Sullivan, p. 375
2655:
2649:
2646:
2633:
2632:Sullivan, p. 377
2630:
2621:
2620:Sullivan, p. 374
2618:
2612:
2611:Sullivan, p. 379
2609:
2603:
2602:Sullivan, p. 371
2600:
2594:
2591:
2585:
2584:Sullivan, p. 357
2582:
2576:
2575:Sullivan, p. 355
2573:
2567:
2566:Sullivan, p. 354
2564:
2558:
2555:
2549:
2546:
2540:
2539:Sullivan, p. 349
2537:
2531:
2530:Sullivan, p. 343
2528:
2522:
2519:
2513:
2510:
2504:
2503:Sullivan, p. 341
2501:
2495:
2494:Sullivan, p. 333
2492:
2486:
2485:Sullivan, p. 325
2483:
2477:
2476:Sullivan, p. 321
2474:
2468:
2465:
2459:
2456:
2450:
2449:Sullivan, p. 314
2447:
2441:
2438:
2432:
2431:Sullivan, p. 313
2429:
2423:
2422:Sullivan, p. 272
2420:
2414:
2413:Sullivan, p. 271
2411:
2405:
2404:Sullivan, p. 288
2402:
2393:
2376:
2370:
2369:Sullivan, p. 283
2367:
2361:
2360:Sullivan, p. 254
2358:
2352:
2351:Sullivan, p. 262
2349:
2343:
2340:
2334:
2333:Sullivan, p. 253
2331:
2325:
2319:
2313:
2312:Sullivan, p. 252
2310:
2304:
2303:Sullivan, p. 247
2301:
2292:
2291:Sullivan, p. 246
2289:
2283:
2282:Sullivan, p. 243
2280:
2274:
2271:
2265:
2264:Sullivan, p. 236
2262:
2256:
2255:Sullivan, p. 233
2253:
2247:
2246:Sullivan, p. 230
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2238:
2237:Sullivan, p. 229
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2222:
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2215:Sullivan, p. 224
2213:
2204:
2203:Sullivan, p. 223
2201:
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2186:
2185:Sullivan, p. 209
2183:
2177:
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2146:Sullivan, p. 182
2144:
2138:
2135:Marie of Romania
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2124:Sullivan, p. 157
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2115:Sullivan, p. 153
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2064:Sullivan, p. 126
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2050:
2044:
2041:
2035:
2029:
2023:
2022:Sullivan, p. 115
2020:
2014:
2011:
2005:
2002:
1996:
1993:
1987:
1984:
1978:
1975:
1969:
1966:
1957:
1950:
1944:
1941:
1935:
1932:
1926:
1919:
1421:
1412:
1386:
1335:
1333:
1332:
1308:Russian Empire:
1307:
1305:
1304:
1293:
1291:
1290:
1274:25 November 1898
1254:
1252:
1251:
1237:
1236:
1230:
1229:
1223:
1222:
1209:
1207:
1206:
1194:: Member of the
1168:11 December 1893
1156:United Kingdom:
1155:
1153:
1152:
1138:Honours and arms
1108:were transferred
1100:
929:Petrograd Soviet
898:Grigori Rasputin
832:Maria Kirillovna
577:heir presumptive
534:San Anton Palace
440:San Anton Palace
357:British princess
315:Russian Orthodox
238:
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213:
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166:
137:
121:San Anton Palace
118:25 November 1876
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4107:
4074:
3980:
3899:
3877:
3861:
3856:
3826:
3821:
3811:
3795:12th generation
3790:
3767:11th generation
3762:
3751:10th generation
3746:
3720:
3671:
3587:
3537:
3501:
3487:Princess Amelia
3482:Princess Sophia
3450:
3441:Princess Louisa
3419:
3400:Princess Amelia
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2030:
2026:
2021:
2017:
2012:
2008:
2003:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1986:Sullivan, p. 38
1985:
1981:
1977:Sullivan, p. 56
1976:
1972:
1968:Sullivan, p. 37
1967:
1960:
1951:
1947:
1943:Sullivan, p. 63
1942:
1938:
1934:Sullivan, p. 34
1933:
1929:
1920:
1916:
1911:
1906:
1409:
1367:of five points
1350:
1342:31 October 1913
1330:
1328:
1302:
1300:
1288:
1286:
1249:
1247:
1231:
1224:
1217:
1212:Order of Louise
1204:
1202:
1196:Royal Red Cross
1150:
1148:
1145:
1140:
1128:
1094:
1078:
1018:
999:Edinburg Palais
945:
913:
880:
844:
836:Kira Kirillovna
772:
699:
639:
623:Balmoral Castle
554:Dowager Duchess
546:
544:Youth in Coburg
436:
318:
274:
241:
240:
237: 1905)
232:
228:
225:
215:
212: 1901)
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178:
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135:
119:
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67:
64:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
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4435:
4429:
4422:
4419:
4418:
4416:
4415:
4408:
4406:
4405:8th generation
4402:
4401:
4399:
4398:
4392:
4390:
4389:7th generation
4386:
4385:
4383:
4382:
4376:
4371:
4366:
4361:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4341:
4335:
4333:
4332:6th generation
4329:
4328:
4326:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4310:
4304:
4302:
4301:5th generation
4298:
4297:
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4294:
4289:
4284:
4279:
4273:
4271:
4270:4th generation
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4266:
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4249:3rd generation
4246:
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4233:2nd generation
4230:
4229:
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4219:
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4216:1st generation
4213:
4212:
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4205:
4204:
4197:
4190:
4182:
4173:
4172:
4151:
4148:
4147:
4141:
4139:
4138:8th generation
4135:
4134:
4128:
4126:
4125:7th generation
4122:
4121:
4115:
4113:
4112:6th generation
4109:
4108:
4106:
4105:
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4095:
4089:
4082:
4080:
4079:5th generation
4076:
4075:
4073:
4072:
4066:
4060:
4054:
4049:
4043:
4037:
4031:
4025:
4019:
4013:
4007:
4001:
3995:
3988:
3986:
3985:4th generation
3982:
3981:
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3978:
3972:
3966:
3960:
3954:
3948:
3943:
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3932:
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3907:
3905:
3904:3rd generation
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3866:1st generation
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3760:
3754:
3752:
3748:
3747:
3745:
3744:
3739:
3734:
3728:
3726:
3725:9th generation
3722:
3721:
3719:
3718:
3711:
3704:
3697:
3690:
3685:
3679:
3677:
3676:8th generation
3673:
3672:
3670:
3669:
3662:
3655:
3648:
3643:
3636:
3631:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3611:
3606:
3601:
3595:
3593:
3592:7th generation
3589:
3588:
3586:
3585:
3578:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3545:
3543:
3542:6th generation
3539:
3538:
3536:
3535:
3530:
3525:
3523:Queen Victoria
3520:
3515:
3509:
3507:
3506:5th generation
3503:
3502:
3500:
3499:
3494:
3489:
3484:
3479:
3474:
3469:
3464:
3458:
3456:
3455:4th generation
3452:
3451:
3449:
3448:
3443:
3438:
3433:
3427:
3425:
3424:3rd generation
3421:
3420:
3418:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3391:
3389:
3388:2nd generation
3385:
3384:
3382:
3381:
3375:
3373:
3372:1st generation
3369:
3368:
3353:
3350:
3349:
3344:
3342:
3341:
3334:
3327:
3319:
3311:
3310:
3302:
3297:
3270:
3262:
3256:
3255:
3249:
3248:
3240:
3235:
3226:
3218:
3212:
3211:
3209:German royalty
3205:
3204:
3183:
3176:
3173:
3168:
3167:
3159:
3145:
3133:
3132:External links
3130:
3129:
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1241:: Dame of the
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1175:: Dame of the
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821:Champs-Élysées
771:
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748:French Riviera
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665:and her uncle
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472:Marie of Hesse
460:Queen Victoria
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3126:0-7509-3049-7
3123:
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3115:
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3109:0-679-42400-8
3106:
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3077:
3075:
3074:0-385-48673-1
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3057:0-7509-3469-7
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2729:Sullivan, 404
2726:
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2593:Sullivan, 364
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2390:9789949380602
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2019:
2016:
2010:
2007:
2001:
1998:
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1989:
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1974:
1971:
1965:
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1320:
1318:
1317:November 1894
1314:
1310:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1285:
1281:
1278:Medal of the
1277:
1275:
1271:
1267:
1265:
1264:19 April 1894
1261:
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1015:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1002:
1000:
996:
992:
988:
983:
981:
977:
976:King George V
972:
970:
966:
962:
958:
949:
942:
940:
938:
932:
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927:with the new
926:
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769:
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764:
763:typhoid fever
759:
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749:
739:
735:
733:
727:
725:
715:
708:
703:
696:
694:
690:
688:
682:
680:
676:
672:
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664:
661:, her cousin
660:
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559:
555:
550:
543:
541:
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535:
531:
527:
523:
519:
514:
512:
508:
500:
499:Prince Alfred
496:
492:
488:
484:
479:
475:
473:
469:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
433:
431:
429:
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421:
417:
413:
409:
405:
401:
397:
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388:
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382:
378:
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277:
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250:
248:
244:
224:
217:
216:
195:
188:
187:
185:
181:
176:
170:
164:
159:
155:10 March 1936
153:
149:
146:
142:
133:
129:
126:
125:British Malta
122:
108:
104:
100:
96:
92:
89:
85:
81:
77:
74:
70:
57:
52:
49:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
4438:
4432:
4426:
4395:
4156:
4152:
4015:
3872:
3817:
3783:
3713:
3706:
3699:
3692:
3664:
3657:
3650:
3638:
3618:
3580:
3573:
3363:
3359:
3305:
3299:
3279:
3278:
3273:
3265:
3259:
3243:
3237:
3228:
3221:
3215:
3202:2 March 1936
3199:
3192:
3185:
3177:
3163:
3117:
3101:Random House
3097:
3079:
3062:
3045:
3039:Bibliography
3018:
3005:
2996:
2987:
2975:. Retrieved
2969:
2962:
2946:
2940:
2935:
2927:
2922:
2913:
2897:
2893:
2884:
2875:
2867:the original
2840:
2833:
2822:
2813:
2799:
2785:
2776:
2767:
2758:
2749:
2743:
2734:
2725:
2716:
2707:
2698:
2689:
2680:
2671:
2662:
2653:
2616:
2607:
2598:
2589:
2580:
2571:
2562:
2553:
2544:
2535:
2526:
2517:
2508:
2499:
2490:
2481:
2472:
2463:
2454:
2445:
2436:
2427:
2418:
2409:
2380:
2374:
2365:
2356:
2347:
2338:
2329:
2317:
2308:
2287:
2278:
2269:
2260:
2251:
2242:
2233:
2225:
2220:
2199:
2190:
2181:
2160:
2151:
2142:
2134:
2129:
2120:
2111:
2090:
2081:
2048:
2039:
2027:
2018:
2009:
2000:
1991:
1982:
1973:
1953:
1948:
1939:
1930:
1922:
1917:
1643:
1358:inescutcheon
1351:
1348:British arms
1341:
1316:
1273:
1263:
1258:Dame of the
1191:
1182:
1172:
1167:
1159:
1134:, Germany.
1129:
1090:
1088:
1079:
1070:
1065:
1054:
1046:Emich Kirill
1035:
1019:
1003:
998:
984:
973:
954:
933:
918:
914:
902:
892:
881:
857:
853:
825:
804:
788:
781:
760:
755:
751:
745:
728:
720:
691:
683:
648:
616:
601:
562:
538:
515:
506:
504:
437:
389:
354:
333:
329:
328:
172:7 March 1995
145:Nazi Germany
136:(1936-03-02)
134:2 March 1936
47:
36:
4465:1936 deaths
4460:1876 births
3084:Basic Books
3011:Louda, JiĹ™Ă
2819:"No. 26467"
1179:, 1st Class
1095: [
1066:Ker Argonid
1058:Saint-Briac
1022:Saint-Briac
884:World War I
816:The Tsarina
795:Port Arthur
424:Saint-Briac
323:(1876–1907)
317:(1907–1936)
161: [
65: 1900
4454:Categories
4157:** also a
2955:5786700488
1361:for Saxony
1356:, with an
1354:royal arms
1076:Last years
1040:families,
1038:mediatized
1006:Nazi Party
980:Lord Acton
911:Revolution
770:Remarriage
581:Edward VII
452:Royal Navy
434:Early life
392:Edward VII
371:, but his
361:Royal Navy
321:Protestant
123:, Attard,
114:1876-11-25
3066:Doubleday
1010:Bolshevik
888:Red Cross
807:Tegernsee
597:Anglicans
573:Ernest II
4159:princess
3364:princess
3356:George I
3103:, 1997,
3086:, 1999,
3068:, 1997,
3051:, 1991,
3017:(1999),
2977:21 March
1407:Ancestry
1126:Archives
593:Lutheran
428:Amorbach
420:Vladimir
394:(as the
311:Religion
141:Amorbach
4161:of the
3150:at the
3140:at the
1143:Honours
1114:of the
1110:to the
1060:on the
894:starets
882:During
697:Divorce
558:Rosenau
530:Ashford
412:Finland
355:Born a
239:
231:
227:
214:
202:
198:
183:Spouses
3360:prince
3300:Vacant
3260:Vacant
3238:Vacant
3216:Vacant
3198:
3124:
3107:
3090:
3072:
3055:
3025:
2953:
2388:
1369:argent
1334:
1306:
1292:
1253:
1208:
1154:
1104:Coburg
1083:Dinard
1062:Breton
991:ZĂĽrich
987:Munich
957:Porvoo
937:Porvoo
864:Coburg
799:Coburg
655:Coburg
604:tomboy
589:Coburg
520:, and
454:, was
444:Attard
365:Coburg
340:, and
332:(born
319:prev.
301:Mother
291:Father
169:Coburg
151:Burial
94:Tenure
79:Tenure
3200:Died:
3193:Born:
2384:2014
1909:Notes
1377:azure
1373:gules
1365:label
1183:GCStJ
1099:]
943:Exile
868:Tartu
585:Saxon
448:Malta
404:Maria
280:House
247:Issue
233:(
229:
204:(
200:
165:]
4437:***
3873:None
3362:and
3122:ISBN
3105:ISBN
3088:ISBN
3070:ISBN
3053:ISBN
3023:ISBN
2979:2019
2951:ISBN
2386:ISBN
2321:See
1858:15.
1800:14.
1738:13.
1680:12.
1616:11.
1558:10.
995:Nice
872:Riga
752:says
742:1894
675:Alix
518:Kent
470:and
408:Kira
406:and
348:and
210:div.
131:Died
106:Born
4431:**
4414:***
4145:***
4132:***
4119:***
4065:***
4059:***
2846:110
1826:7.
1764:3.
1706:6.
1642:1.
1584:5.
1522:2.
1496:9.
1464:4.
1438:8.
1192:RRC
1102:in
1052:).
878:War
653:in
442:in
143:,
4456::
4425:*
4381:**
4094:**
4088:**
4048:**
4042:**
4036:**
4030:**
4024:**
4018:**
4012:**
4006:**
4000:**
3994:**
3937:**
3931:**
3925:**
3919:**
3913:**
3116:.
3082:,
3013:;
2995:.
2905:^
2883:.
2854:^
2821:.
2637:^
2625:^
2397:^
2296:^
2208:^
2169:^
2099:^
2069:^
2057:^
1961:^
1383:.
1340:,
1315:,
1173:VA
1166:,
1160:CI
1097:de
756:do
497:,
493:,
489:,
485:,
474:.
446:,
352:.
235:m.
206:m.
167:,
163:de
62:c.
4225:*
4201:e
4194:t
4187:v
4071:*
3977:*
3971:*
3965:*
3959:*
3953:*
3896:*
3851:e
3844:t
3837:v
3820:.
3338:e
3331:t
3324:v
2999:.
2981:.
2947:1
2887:.
2848:.
2807:.
2793:.
116:)
112:(
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
