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Protonema

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223: 280: 31: 264: 321: 191: 201: 257: 350: 250: 314: 345: 355: 307: 131:, which later differentiate from chloronemata and on which buds are formed, which then differentiate to 39: 120:). Protonemata are characteristic of all mosses and some liverworts but are absent from hornworts. 101:. While the protonema is growing by apical cell division, at some stage, under the influence of the 340: 222: 279: 151: 197: 230: 172: 30: 291: 234: 176: 55: 334: 102: 132: 113: 98: 83: 79: 97:-like filamentous structure called the protonema. It represents the juvenile 287: 117: 105: 87: 163:
Reski, R. (1998). "Development, Genetics and Molecular Biology of Mosses".
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are induced which grow by three-faced apical cells. These give rise to
59: 116:, stems and leaf like structures. Bryophytes do not have true leaves ( 74:, which lengthens and branches into a filamentous complex known as a 58:
that forms the earliest stage of development of the gametophyte (the
27:
Multicellular filaments forming the early gametophyte of bryophytes
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Protonemata of mosses are composed of two cell types:
315: 258: 8: 196:. Royal Society of Chemistry. p. 335. 322: 308: 265: 251: 144: 190:Batschauer, Alfred (31 October 2007). 152:Life Cycle - in a nutshell - bryophyte 7: 276: 274: 219: 217: 193:Photoreceptors and Light Signalling 127:, which form upon germination, and 177:10.1111/j.1438-8677.1998.tb00670.x 25: 93:Moss spores germinate to form an 66:. When a moss first grows from a 278: 221: 78:, which develops into a leafy 1: 294:. You can help Knowledge by 237:. You can help Knowledge by 62:phase) in the life cycle of 54:) is a thread-like chain of 372: 273: 216: 34:Protonematal cells of the 351:Plant morphology stubs 290:-related article is a 82:, the adult form of a 43: 40:Physcomitrella patens 33: 44: 303: 302: 246: 245: 203:978-1-84755-166-5 70:, it starts as a 16:(Redirected from 363: 346:Plant morphology 324: 317: 310: 282: 275: 267: 260: 253: 231:plant morphology 225: 218: 208: 207: 187: 181: 180: 160: 154: 149: 21: 371: 370: 366: 365: 364: 362: 361: 360: 356:Bryophyte stubs 331: 330: 329: 328: 272: 271: 214: 212: 211: 204: 189: 188: 184: 162: 161: 157: 150: 146: 141: 28: 23: 22: 15: 12: 11: 5: 369: 367: 359: 358: 353: 348: 343: 333: 332: 327: 326: 319: 312: 304: 301: 300: 283: 270: 269: 262: 255: 247: 244: 243: 226: 210: 209: 202: 182: 155: 143: 142: 140: 137: 26: 24: 14: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 368: 357: 354: 352: 349: 347: 344: 342: 339: 338: 336: 325: 320: 318: 313: 311: 306: 305: 299: 297: 293: 289: 284: 281: 277: 268: 263: 261: 256: 254: 249: 248: 242: 240: 236: 233:article is a 232: 227: 224: 220: 215: 205: 199: 195: 194: 186: 183: 178: 174: 170: 166: 165:Botanica Acta 159: 156: 153: 148: 145: 138: 136: 134: 130: 126: 121: 119: 115: 111: 107: 104: 100: 96: 91: 89: 85: 81: 77: 73: 69: 65: 61: 57: 53: 49: 42: 41: 37: 32: 19: 296:expanding it 285: 239:expanding it 228: 213: 192: 185: 168: 164: 158: 147: 133:gametophores 128: 125:chloronemata 124: 122: 114:gametophores 103:phytohormone 92: 75: 71: 51: 47: 45: 38: 171:(1): 1–15. 129:caulonemata 99:gametophyte 84:gametophyte 80:gametophore 52:protonemata 18:Protonemata 341:Bryophytes 335:Categories 139:References 118:megaphylls 88:bryophytes 288:bryophyte 106:cytokinin 76:protonema 72:germ tube 50:(plural: 48:protonema 60:haploid 200:  64:mosses 286:This 229:This 68:spore 56:cells 292:stub 235:stub 198:ISBN 110:buds 95:alga 36:moss 173:doi 169:111 86:in 337:: 167:. 135:. 108:, 90:. 46:A 323:e 316:t 309:v 298:. 266:e 259:t 252:v 241:. 206:. 179:. 175:: 20:)

Index

Protonemata

moss
Physcomitrella patens
cells
haploid
mosses
spore
gametophore
gametophyte
bryophytes
alga
gametophyte
phytohormone
cytokinin
buds
gametophores
megaphylls
gametophores
Life Cycle - in a nutshell - bryophyte
doi
10.1111/j.1438-8677.1998.tb00670.x
Photoreceptors and Light Signalling
ISBN
978-1-84755-166-5
Stub icon
plant morphology
stub
expanding it
v

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