301:
fuels instincts and psychic processes. The ego serves as the general manager of personality, making decisions regarding the pleasures that will be pursued at the id's demand, the person's safety requirements, and the moral dictates of the superego that will be followed. The superego refers to the repository of an individual's moral values, divided into the conscience – the internalization of a society's rules and regulations – and the ego-ideal – the internalization of one's goals. Hence, the basic psychodynamic model focuses on the dynamic interactions between the id, ego, and superego. Psychodynamics, subsequently, attempts to explain or interpret behaviour or mental states in terms of innate
444:
31:
348:, who held the view that all living organisms, including humans, are basically energy-systems to which the principle of the conservation of energy applies. This principle states that "the total amount of energy in any given physical system is always constant, that energy quanta can be changed but not annihilated, and that consequently when energy is moved from one part of the system, it must reappear in another part." This principle is at the very root of Freud's ideas, whereby
153:
1167:, in which he upheld the Freudian psychodynamic viewpoint, although with some reservations. That year, Freud invited Jung to visit him in Vienna. The two men, it is said, were greatly attracted to each other, and they talked continuously for thirteen hours. This led to a professional relationship in which they corresponded on a weekly basis, for a period of six years.
1405:(1874) - (1) the psychology of mental or emotional forces or processes developing especially in early childhood and their effects on behavior and mental states; (2) explanation ! or interpretation, as of behavior or mental states, in terms of mental or emotional forces or processes; (3) motivational forces acting especially at the unconscious level. Source:
1033:
1120:, which he sees battling with three forces: the id, the super-ego, and the outside world. Hence, the basic psychodynamic model focuses on the dynamic interactions between the id, ego, and superego. Psychodynamics, subsequently, attempts to explain or interpret behavior or mental states in terms of innate
414:
which aggregated years of criticism from many quarters. Medical schools and psychology departments no longer offer much training in psychodynamics, according to a 2007 survey. An Emory
University psychology professor explained, “I don’t think psychoanalysis is going to survive unless there is more of
300:
as they relate to early childhood developments and processes. At the heart of psychological processes, according to Freud, is the ego, which he envisions as battling with three forces: the id, the super-ego, and the outside world. The id is the unconscious reservoir of libido, the psychic energy that
401:
Around the 1970s, a growing number of researchers began departing from the psychodynamics model and
Freudian subconscious. Many felt that the evidence was over-reliant on imaginative discourse in therapy, and on patient reports of their state-of-mind. These subjective experiences are inaccessible to
1207:
The role of images which spontaneously arise in the human psyche (images include the interconnection between affect, images, and instinct) to communicate the dynamic processes taking place in the personal and collective unconscious, images which can be used to help the ego move in the direction of
269:
level. The mental forces involved in psychodynamics are often divided into two parts: (a) the interaction of the emotional and motivational forces that affect behavior and mental states, especially on a subconscious level; (b) inner forces affecting behavior: the study of the emotional and
314:
131:
treatment (of 3–5 sessions per week). Psychodynamic therapies depend upon a theory of inner conflict, wherein repressed behaviours and emotions surface into the patient's consciousness; generally, one's conflict is unconscious.
352:, which is primarily seen as sexual energy, is transformed into other behaviours. However, it is now clear that the term energy in physics means something quite different from the term energy in relation to mental functioning.
397:
which, according to physician James R. Allen, is a "cognitive-behavioral approach to treatment and that it is a very effective way of dealing with internal models of self and others as well as other psychodynamic issues.".
77:
that emphasizes systematic study of the psychological forces underlying human behavior, feelings, and emotions and how they might relate to early experience. It is especially interested in the dynamic relations between
963:
295:
In general, psychodynamics studies the transformations and exchanges of "psychic energy" within the personality. A focus in psychodynamics is the connection between the energetics of emotional states in the
382:. In his radio discussion, according to Horowitz, he "vividly described neurotic behavior and unconscious mental processes and linked psychodynamics theory directly to everyday life."
1088:
Freud greatly admired BrĂĽcke and quickly became indoctrinated by this new dynamic physiology. Thanks to Freud's singular genius, he was to discover some twenty years later that the
1198:
are autonomous energies common to the human species. They give the psyche its dynamic properties and help organize it. Their effects can be seen in many forms and across cultures.
2040:
1625:
1561:
1519:
1386:
829:
464:
1211:
Recognition of the multiplicity of psyche and psychic life, that there are several organizing principles within the psyche, and that they are at times in conflict.
971:
1147:
began to apply Freud's psychodynamic theories of the "ego" to the study of parent-child attachment and especially deprivation and in doing so developed
1063:
944:
100:(1856–1939) and his followers. Freud was inspired by the theory of thermodynamics and used the term psychodynamics to describe the processes of the
766:
1421:
1853:
1503:
755:
1108:. This was Freud’s greatest achievement, and one of the greatest achievements in modern science, It is certainly a crucial event in the
2114:
Hutchinson, E.(ED.) (2017).Essentials of human behavior: Integrating person, environment, and the life course. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
1201:
The
Transcendent Function: The emergence of the third resolves the split between dynamic polar tensions within the archetypal structure.
976:
374:, psychiatrist Mardi J. Horowitz states that his own interest and fascination with psychodynamics began during the 1950s, when he heard
1682:
2005:
1986:
1920:
1905:
1835:
1808:
1751:
1726:
1653:
1609:
1545:
1472:
1447:
1370:
1340:
1295:
981:
236:
2094:
957:
809:
292:
psychology, psychodynamics is defined as the study of the forces, motives, and energy generated by the deepest of human needs.
170:
2104:
2080:
2061:
2024:
1967:
1948:
952:
898:
849:
819:
217:
174:
189:
789:
779:
1958:
Aziz, Robert (1999). "Synchronicity and the
Transformation of the Ethical in Jungian Psychology". In Becker, Carl (ed.).
2131:
1056:
893:
745:
367:. By the mid-1940s and into the 1950s, the general application of the "psychodynamic theory" had been well established.
120:
1092:
could be applied to man's personality as well as to his body. When he made his discovery Freud proceeded to create a
529:
196:
1935:
PDM Task Force. (2006). Psychodynamic
Diagnostic Manual. Silver Spring, MD. Alliance of Psychoanalytic Organizations.
1221:
378:, a popular local psychoanalyst who spoke to the public on topics such as "People who Hate", speak on the radio at
163:
918:
203:
499:
459:
135:
Since the 1970s, psychodynamics has largely been abandoned as not fact-based; Freudian psychoanalysis has been
2136:
2126:
1236:
1049:
908:
427:
30:
185:
1181:
1105:
394:
1163:
had been following Freud's writings and had sent him copies of his articles and his first book, the 1907
1929:
Shedler, Jonathan. "That was Then, This is Now: An
Introduction to Contemporary Psychodynamic Therapy",
1117:
1109:
1016:
883:
873:
390:
297:
93:
443:
1267:— WebMD rehashing Stedman's Medical Dictionary 28th Edition (2006), Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
1001:
714:
489:
406:
argued that much of
Freudianism was untestable and therefore not scientific. In 1975 literary critic
345:
329:
274:
105:
1418:
410:
began a decades-long campaign against the scientific credibility of
Freudianism. This culminated in
277:
was constant (hence, emotional changes consisted only in displacements) and that it tended to rest (
524:
341:
317:
258:
1850:
1194:
are composed of dynamic tensions and arise spontaneously in the individual and collective psyche.
123:, biological, and humanistic treatment. In the treatment of psychological distress, psychodynamic
2034:
1619:
1555:
1513:
1380:
1241:
1195:
1191:
1185:
799:
494:
1495:
1489:
724:
604:
55:
1800:
1794:
1768:
1159:
At the turn of the 20th century, during these decisive years, a young Swiss psychiatrist named
2100:
2090:
2076:
2057:
2020:
2001:
1982:
1963:
1944:
1916:
1901:
1831:
1804:
1747:
1722:
1678:
1649:
1605:
1541:
1499:
1468:
1443:
1366:
1336:
1291:
1037:
624:
484:
313:
1226:
1089:
1006:
913:
719:
699:
599:
469:
266:
210:
86:
59:
47:
1287:
1281:
1857:
1425:
1406:
923:
684:
407:
278:
127:
tends to be a less intensive (once- or twice-weekly) modality than the classical
Freudian
119:
There are four major schools of thought regarding psychological treatment: psychodynamic,
39:
249:
In general, psychodynamics is the study of the interrelationship of various parts of the
1893:
1825:
1643:
1148:
1077:
903:
878:
709:
704:
679:
664:
639:
589:
574:
534:
435:
375:
289:
136:
128:
2120:
2049:
1671:
694:
669:
659:
634:
614:
479:
364:
124:
97:
35:
1264:
1246:
839:
644:
629:
594:
584:
579:
569:
564:
519:
514:
504:
474:
360:
51:
2017:
Introduction to
Psychotherapy: An Outline of Psychodynamic Principles and Practice
1715:
254:
2096:
The Discovery of the Unconscious: The History and Evolution of Dynamic Psychiatry
1310:
Adapted from Corsini and Wedding 2008; Corsini, R. J., & Wedding, D. (2008)
888:
674:
654:
619:
403:
152:
1465:
Beneath Mate Selection and Marriage - the Unconscious Motives in Human Pairing
1144:
609:
386:
262:
82:
74:
1769:"Freud Is Widely Taught at Universities, Except in the Psychology Department"
17:
1330:
1170:
1160:
689:
649:
539:
356:
282:
79:
43:
1930:
1796:
The Science of Love - Understanding Love and its Effects on Mind and Body
1231:
544:
1121:
302:
177: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1860:
Outline of the Major Points in Carl Jung's Contributions to Psychology
2073:
Adlerian Psychotherapy: An Advanced Approach to Individual Psychology
1125:
1101:
509:
349:
333:
109:
1116:
At the heart of psychological processes, according to Freud, is the
324:
Freud used the term psychodynamics to describe the processes of the
337:
312:
113:
92:
The term psychodynamics is also used to refer specifically to the
29:
1645:
Games People Play – The Basic Hand Book of Transactional Analysis
2054:
Introduction to Psychoanalysis: Contemporary Theory and Practice
1579:
389:
built on Freud's psychodynamic model, particularly that of the "
379:
325:
250:
101:
1979:
The Syndetic Paradigm: The Untrodden Path Beyond Freud and Jung
1913:
Parent Infant Psychodynamics – Wild Things, Mirrors, and Ghosts
1717:
Out of My System: Psychoanalysis, Ideology, and Critical Method
1204:
The recognition of the spiritual dimension of the human psyche.
1180:
The self is composed of the ego, the personal unconscious, the
1998:
Synchronicity: Multiple Perspectives on Meaningful Coincidence
1700:
CONJECTURES AND REFUTATIONS The Growth of Scientific Knowledge
146:
2015:
Bateman, Anthony; Brown, Dennis and Pedder, Jonathan (2000).
270:
motivational forces that affect behavior and states of mind.
1538:
Our Inner World: A Guide to Psychodynamics and Psychotherapy
1872:
Brown, Junius Flagg & Menninger, Karl Augustus (1940).
1673:
The Foundations of Psychoanalysis: A Philosophical Critique
1890:, 422 pgs. Stanford University: Higher Education Division.
1100:
is one that studies the transformations and exchanges of
1996:
Aziz, Robert (2008). "Foreword". In Storm, Lance (ed.).
1494:. United States of America: Pearson Education. pp.
393:", to develop a psychology of human interactions called
1943:(10 ed.). The State University of New York Press.
1132:, a word that can be translated into English as either
1173:'s contributions in psychodynamic psychology include:
340:. The idea for this came from his first year adviser,
1188:
which manifest in ways particular to each individual.
1941:
C.G. Jung's Psychology of Religion and Synchronicity
1714:
1670:
1540:. Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. (1–2).
415:an appreciation for empirical rigor and testing.”
355:Psychodynamics was initially further developed by
62:in Worcester, Massachusetts. Date: September 1909.
1314:. Belmont, CA.: Thomson Brooks/Cole. (pp. 15-17).
1124:forces or processes. In his writings about the "
1888:The Psychodynamics of Patient Care Prentice Hall
1602:Introduction to Psychodynamics - a New Synthesis
372:Introduction to Psychodynamics – a New Synthesis
1799:. Buffalo, New York: Prometheus Books. p.
1128:of human behavior", Freud used the German word
1086:
830:The Four Fundamental Concepts of Psychoanalysis
1335:. W.W. Norton & Company. pp. (4–5).
1057:
8:
2071:Oberst, Ursula E.; Stewart, Alan E. (2003).
2039:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1624:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1560:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1518:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1440:Chaos theory in Psychology and Life Sciences
1385:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1876:, 484 pages, McGraw-Hill Book Company, inc.
1824:Hall, Calvin S.; Nordby, Vernon J. (1999).
73:, in its broadest sense, is an approach to
1981:. The State University of New York Press.
1184:. The collective unconscious contains the
1064:
1050:
972:International Psychoanalytical Association
422:
1398:
1396:
237:Learn how and when to remove this message
1637:
1635:
1531:
1529:
1275:
1273:
261:as they relate to mental, emotional, or
1900:, Editeur: W. W. Norton & Company,
1874:The Psychodynamics of Abnormal Behavior
1488:Carlson, Neil, R.; et al. (2010).
1438:Robertson, Robin; Combs, Allan (1995).
1324:
1322:
1320:
1257:
434:
2032:
1617:
1573:
1571:
1553:
1511:
1378:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1767:Cohen, Patricia (November 25, 2007).
1582:. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
7:
1702:. New York: Basic Books. p. 38.
1491:Psychology: The Science of Behaviour
1467:. Van Nostrand Reinhold. p. 3.
1312:Current Psychotherapies, 8th Edition
966:Psychoanalytic Training and Research
756:The Psychopathology of Everyday Life
385:In the 1950s, American psychiatrist
175:adding citations to reliable sources
1076:According to American psychologist
977:World Association of Psychoanalysis
320:, early developer of psychodynamics
1283:Attachment and Loss: Vol I, 2nd Ed
1177:The psyche tends toward wholeness.
465:Psychosocial development (Erikson)
112:or psi) in an organically complex
25:
1960:Asian and Jungian Views of Ethics
1883:, 268 pages, Grune & Stratton
982:List of schools of psychoanalysis
1744:Freud: The Making of an Illusion
1031:
958:British Psychoanalytical Society
810:Civilization and Its Discontents
442:
412:Freud: The Making of an Illusion
151:
2075:. New York: Brunner-Routledge.
1898:The Language of Psycho-Analysis
1363:A Primer in Freudian Psychology
1143:In the 1930s, Freud's daughter
402:others. Philosopher of science
162:needs additional citations for
1827:A Primer of Jungian Psychology
1648:. New York: Ballantine Books.
1165:Psychology of Dementia Praecox
964:Columbia University Center for
953:British Psychoanalytic Council
850:The Sublime Object of Ideology
820:The Mass Psychology of Fascism
1:
1082:Primer in Freudian Psychology
790:Beyond the Pleasure Principle
780:Psychology of the Unconscious
1881:Principles of Psychodynamics
1742:Crews, Frederick C. (2017).
1713:Crews, Frederick C. (1975).
1677:. University of California.
1600:Horowitz, Mardi, J. (1988).
746:The Interpretation of Dreams
336:) in an organically complex
1911:Raphael-Leff, Joan (2005).
1580:"Sigmund Freud (1856—1939)"
1409:, 2000, CD-ROM, version 2.5
137:criticized as pseudoscience
2153:
1886:Pearson Education (1970).
1604:. Basic Books. p. 3.
1442:. LEA, Inc. p. (83).
767:Three Essays on the Theory
1896:et J.B. Pontalis (1974).
1536:Ahles, Scott, R. (2004).
1361:Hall, Calvin, S. (1954).
945:Boston Graduate School of
265:forces especially at the
94:psychoanalytical approach
1698:Popper, Karl R. (1962).
1669:GrĂĽnbaum, Adolf (1984).
1286:. Basic Books. pp.
460:Psychosexual development
71:psychodynamic psychology
1879:Weiss, Edoardo (1950).
1793:Walsh, Anthony (1991).
1329:Freud, Sigmund (1923).
1265:What is psychodynamics?
1237:Object relations theory
1830:. New York: Meridian.
1463:Klimek, David (1979).
1182:collective unconscious
1114:
395:transactional analysis
321:
63:
27:Approach to psychology
2091:Ellenberger, Henri F.
1977:Aziz, Robert (2007).
1939:Aziz, Robert (1990).
1578:Stephen P. Thornton.
1280:Bowlby, John (1999).
1110:history of psychology
1038:Psychology portal
1017:Psychoanalytic theory
316:
305:forces or processes.
298:Id, ego and super-ego
281:) through discharge (
33:
1642:Berne, Eric (1964).
1222:Ernst Wilhelm BrĂĽcke
1002:Child psychoanalysis
490:Id, ego and superego
428:a series of articles
346:University of Vienna
330:psychological energy
275:psychological energy
273:Freud proposed that
171:improve this article
121:cognitive-behavioral
106:psychological energy
2132:Freudian psychology
2000:. Pari Publishing.
1428:– Microsoft Encarta
525:Countertransference
2048:Bateman, Anthony;
1856:2007-06-26 at the
1424:2007-11-16 at the
1332:The Ego and the Id
1242:Reaction formation
1208:psychic wholeness.
1098:dynamic psychology
1094:dynamic psychology
867:Schools of thought
800:The Ego and the Id
322:
64:
1505:978-0-205-64524-4
1365:. Meridian Book.
1074:
1073:
558:Important figures
485:Psychic apparatus
419:Freudian analysis
370:In his 1988 book
247:
246:
239:
221:
16:(Redirected from
2144:
2110:
2086:
2067:
2044:
2038:
2030:
2011:
1992:
1973:
1954:
1926:
1861:
1848:
1842:
1841:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1790:
1784:
1783:
1781:
1779:
1764:
1758:
1757:
1746:. Metropolitan.
1739:
1733:
1732:
1720:
1710:
1704:
1703:
1695:
1689:
1688:
1676:
1666:
1660:
1659:
1639:
1630:
1629:
1623:
1615:
1597:
1591:
1590:
1588:
1587:
1575:
1566:
1565:
1559:
1551:
1533:
1524:
1523:
1517:
1509:
1485:
1479:
1478:
1460:
1454:
1453:
1435:
1429:
1416:
1410:
1400:
1391:
1390:
1384:
1376:
1358:
1347:
1346:
1326:
1315:
1308:
1302:
1301:
1277:
1268:
1262:
1227:Yisrael Salantar
1155:Jungian analysis
1090:laws of dynamics
1080:, from his 1954
1066:
1059:
1052:
1036:
1035:
1034:
1007:Depth psychology
909:Object relations
855:
845:
835:
825:
815:
805:
795:
785:
774:
761:
751:
446:
423:
342:Ernst von BrĂĽcke
318:Ernst von BrĂĽcke
242:
235:
231:
228:
222:
220:
186:"Psychodynamics"
179:
155:
147:
69:, also known as
60:Clark University
48:Abraham A. Brill
21:
2152:
2151:
2147:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2141:
2117:
2116:
2107:
2099:. Basic Books.
2089:
2083:
2070:
2064:
2047:
2031:
2027:
2014:
2008:
1995:
1989:
1976:
1970:
1957:
1951:
1938:
1923:
1910:
1869:
1867:Further reading
1864:
1858:Wayback Machine
1849:
1845:
1838:
1823:
1822:
1818:
1811:
1792:
1791:
1787:
1777:
1775:
1766:
1765:
1761:
1754:
1741:
1740:
1736:
1729:
1712:
1711:
1707:
1697:
1696:
1692:
1685:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1656:
1641:
1640:
1633:
1616:
1612:
1599:
1598:
1594:
1585:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1569:
1552:
1548:
1535:
1534:
1527:
1510:
1506:
1487:
1486:
1482:
1475:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1450:
1437:
1436:
1432:
1426:Wayback Machine
1417:
1413:
1407:Merriam-Webster
1401:
1394:
1377:
1373:
1360:
1359:
1350:
1343:
1328:
1327:
1318:
1309:
1305:
1298:
1279:
1278:
1271:
1263:
1259:
1255:
1218:
1157:
1070:
1032:
1030:
1023:
1022:
1021:
996:
988:
987:
986:
968:
965:
949:
946:
938:
930:
929:
928:
924:Self psychology
899:Intersubjective
868:
860:
859:
858:
853:
843:
833:
823:
813:
803:
793:
783:
775:
772:
768:
759:
749:
739:
738:Important works
731:
730:
729:
615:Freud (Sigmund)
559:
551:
550:
549:
454:
421:
408:Frederick Crews
311:
279:point attractor
243:
232:
226:
223:
180:
178:
168:
156:
145:
56:Sándor Ferenczi
40:G. Stanley Hall
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2150:
2148:
2140:
2139:
2137:Psychoanalysis
2134:
2129:
2127:Psychodynamics
2119:
2118:
2112:
2111:
2105:
2087:
2081:
2068:
2062:
2050:Holmes, Jeremy
2045:
2025:
2012:
2006:
1993:
1987:
1974:
1968:
1955:
1949:
1936:
1933:
1927:
1921:
1908:
1894:Jean Laplanche
1891:
1884:
1877:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1862:
1843:
1836:
1816:
1809:
1785:
1773:New York Times
1759:
1752:
1734:
1727:
1705:
1690:
1684:978-0520050174
1683:
1661:
1654:
1631:
1610:
1592:
1567:
1546:
1525:
1504:
1480:
1473:
1455:
1448:
1430:
1419:Psychodynamics
1411:
1403:Psychodynamics
1392:
1371:
1348:
1341:
1316:
1303:
1296:
1269:
1256:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1224:
1217:
1214:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1205:
1202:
1199:
1189:
1178:
1156:
1153:
1149:ego psychology
1078:Calvin S. Hall
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1061:
1054:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1040:
1025:
1024:
1020:
1019:
1014:
1012:Psychodynamics
1009:
1004:
998:
997:
994:
993:
990:
989:
985:
984:
979:
974:
969:
962:
960:
955:
950:
947:Psychoanalysis
943:
940:
939:
936:
935:
932:
931:
927:
926:
921:
916:
911:
906:
901:
896:
891:
886:
881:
879:Ego psychology
876:
870:
869:
866:
865:
862:
861:
857:
856:
846:
836:
826:
816:
806:
796:
786:
776:
764:
762:
752:
741:
740:
737:
736:
733:
732:
728:
727:
722:
717:
712:
707:
702:
697:
692:
687:
682:
677:
672:
667:
662:
657:
652:
647:
642:
637:
632:
627:
622:
617:
612:
607:
602:
597:
592:
587:
582:
577:
572:
567:
561:
560:
557:
556:
553:
552:
548:
547:
542:
537:
532:
527:
522:
517:
512:
507:
502:
497:
492:
487:
482:
477:
472:
467:
462:
456:
455:
452:
451:
448:
447:
439:
438:
436:Psychoanalysis
432:
431:
420:
417:
376:Ralph Greenson
310:
307:
290:mate selection
245:
244:
159:
157:
150:
144:
141:
129:psychoanalysis
67:Psychodynamics
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2149:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2122:
2115:
2108:
2102:
2098:
2097:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2074:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2056:. Routledge.
2055:
2051:
2046:
2042:
2036:
2028:
2022:
2019:. Routledge.
2018:
2013:
2009:
2007:9788895604022
2003:
1999:
1994:
1990:
1988:9780791469828
1984:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1962:. Greenwood.
1961:
1956:
1952:
1946:
1942:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1928:
1924:
1922:1-86156-346-9
1918:
1914:
1909:
1907:
1906:0-393-01105-4
1903:
1899:
1895:
1892:
1889:
1885:
1882:
1878:
1875:
1871:
1870:
1866:
1859:
1855:
1852:
1847:
1844:
1839:
1837:0-452-01186-8
1833:
1829:
1828:
1820:
1817:
1812:
1810:0-87975-648-9
1806:
1802:
1798:
1797:
1789:
1786:
1774:
1770:
1763:
1760:
1755:
1753:9781627797177
1749:
1745:
1738:
1735:
1730:
1728:0-19-501947-4
1724:
1719:
1718:
1709:
1706:
1701:
1694:
1691:
1686:
1680:
1675:
1674:
1665:
1662:
1657:
1655:0-345-41003-3
1651:
1647:
1646:
1638:
1636:
1632:
1627:
1621:
1613:
1611:0-465-03561-2
1607:
1603:
1596:
1593:
1581:
1574:
1572:
1568:
1563:
1557:
1549:
1547:0-8018-7836-5
1543:
1539:
1532:
1530:
1526:
1521:
1515:
1507:
1501:
1497:
1493:
1492:
1484:
1481:
1476:
1474:0-442-23074-5
1470:
1466:
1459:
1456:
1451:
1449:0-8058-1737-9
1445:
1441:
1434:
1431:
1427:
1423:
1420:
1415:
1412:
1408:
1404:
1399:
1397:
1393:
1388:
1382:
1374:
1372:0-452-01183-3
1368:
1364:
1357:
1355:
1353:
1349:
1344:
1342:0-393-00142-3
1338:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1313:
1307:
1304:
1299:
1297:0-465-00543-8
1293:
1289:
1285:
1284:
1276:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1261:
1258:
1252:
1248:
1245:
1243:
1240:
1238:
1235:
1233:
1230:
1228:
1225:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1215:
1210:
1206:
1203:
1200:
1197:
1193:
1190:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1174:
1172:
1168:
1166:
1162:
1154:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1141:
1139:
1135:
1131:
1127:
1123:
1119:
1113:
1111:
1107:
1103:
1099:
1095:
1091:
1085:
1083:
1079:
1067:
1062:
1060:
1055:
1053:
1048:
1047:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1029:
1028:
1027:
1026:
1018:
1015:
1013:
1010:
1008:
1005:
1003:
1000:
999:
992:
991:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
967:
961:
959:
956:
954:
951:
948:
942:
941:
934:
933:
925:
922:
920:
917:
915:
912:
910:
907:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
894:Interpersonal
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
880:
877:
875:
872:
871:
864:
863:
852:
851:
847:
842:
841:
837:
832:
831:
827:
822:
821:
817:
812:
811:
807:
802:
801:
797:
792:
791:
787:
782:
781:
777:
771:
770:
763:
758:
757:
753:
748:
747:
743:
742:
735:
734:
726:
723:
721:
718:
716:
713:
711:
708:
706:
703:
701:
698:
696:
693:
691:
688:
686:
683:
681:
678:
676:
673:
671:
668:
666:
663:
661:
658:
656:
653:
651:
648:
646:
643:
641:
638:
636:
633:
631:
628:
626:
623:
621:
618:
616:
613:
611:
608:
606:
603:
601:
598:
596:
593:
591:
588:
586:
583:
581:
578:
576:
573:
571:
568:
566:
563:
562:
555:
554:
546:
543:
541:
538:
536:
533:
531:
528:
526:
523:
521:
518:
516:
513:
511:
508:
506:
503:
501:
498:
496:
493:
491:
488:
486:
483:
481:
480:Consciousness
478:
476:
473:
471:
468:
466:
463:
461:
458:
457:
450:
449:
445:
441:
440:
437:
433:
429:
425:
424:
418:
416:
413:
409:
405:
399:
396:
392:
388:
383:
381:
377:
373:
368:
366:
365:Melanie Klein
362:
358:
353:
351:
347:
343:
339:
335:
331:
327:
319:
315:
308:
306:
304:
299:
293:
291:
286:
284:
280:
276:
271:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
241:
238:
230:
227:November 2021
219:
216:
212:
209:
205:
202:
198:
195:
191:
188: –
187:
183:
182:Find sources:
176:
172:
166:
165:
160:This section
158:
154:
149:
148:
142:
140:
138:
133:
130:
126:
125:psychotherapy
122:
117:
115:
111:
107:
103:
99:
98:Sigmund Freud
96:developed by
95:
90:
88:
84:
81:
76:
72:
68:
61:
57:
53:
49:
45:
41:
37:
36:Sigmund Freud
32:
19:
18:Psychodynamic
2113:
2095:
2072:
2053:
2016:
1997:
1978:
1959:
1940:
1912:
1897:
1887:
1880:
1873:
1846:
1826:
1819:
1795:
1788:
1776:. Retrieved
1772:
1762:
1743:
1737:
1716:
1708:
1699:
1693:
1672:
1664:
1644:
1601:
1595:
1584:. Retrieved
1537:
1490:
1483:
1464:
1458:
1439:
1433:
1414:
1402:
1362:
1331:
1311:
1306:
1282:
1260:
1247:Robert Langs
1169:
1164:
1158:
1142:
1137:
1133:
1129:
1115:
1097:
1093:
1087:
1081:
1075:
1011:
848:
840:Anti-Oedipus
838:
828:
818:
808:
798:
788:
778:
769:of Sexuality
765:
754:
744:
610:Freud (Anna)
520:Transference
505:Introjection
495:Ego defenses
475:Preconscious
411:
400:
384:
371:
369:
361:Alfred Adler
354:
328:as flows of
323:
294:
287:
272:
263:motivational
248:
233:
224:
214:
207:
200:
193:
181:
169:Please help
164:verification
161:
134:
118:
104:as flows of
91:
89:motivation.
70:
66:
65:
52:Ernest Jones
46:; Back row:
1106:personality
1104:within the
470:Unconscious
404:Karl Popper
267:unconscious
255:personality
87:unconscious
34:Front row:
2121:Categories
2106:0465016723
2082:1583911227
2063:0415107393
2026:0415205697
1969:0313304521
1950:0791401669
1778:6 February
1721:. Oxford.
1586:2013-05-26
1253:References
1196:Archetypes
1192:Archetypes
1186:archetypes
1145:Anna Freud
919:Relational
530:Resistance
500:Projection
391:ego states
387:Eric Berne
197:newspapers
83:motivation
75:psychology
2035:cite book
1915:. Wiley.
1620:cite book
1556:cite book
1514:cite book
1381:cite book
1171:Carl Jung
1161:Carl Jung
1122:emotional
720:Winnicott
700:Spielrein
680:Laplanche
600:Fairbairn
540:Dreamwork
357:Carl Jung
303:emotional
283:catharsis
80:conscious
44:Carl Jung
2093:(1970).
2052:(1995).
1854:Archived
1422:Archived
1232:Cathexis
1216:See also
1134:instinct
995:See also
937:Training
914:Reichian
889:Lacanian
874:Adlerian
715:Sullivan
710:Strachey
665:Kristeva
640:Jacobson
635:Irigaray
625:Guattari
605:Ferenczi
590:Chodorow
545:Cathexis
453:Concepts
426:Part of
143:Overview
1851:niu.edu
1496:453–454
1126:engines
904:Marxist
884:Jungian
595:Erikson
565:Abraham
344:at the
309:History
211:scholar
2103:
2079:
2060:
2023:
2004:
1985:
1966:
1947:
1919:
1904:
1834:
1807:
1750:
1725:
1681:
1652:
1608:
1544:
1502:
1471:
1446:
1369:
1339:
1294:
1102:energy
854:(1989)
844:(1972)
834:(1964)
824:(1933)
814:(1930)
804:(1923)
794:(1920)
784:(1912)
773:(1905)
760:(1901)
750:(1899)
705:Stekel
685:Mahler
630:Horney
585:Breuer
575:Balint
535:Denial
510:Libido
350:libido
334:libido
259:psyche
213:
206:
199:
192:
184:
110:libido
58:, at:
1288:13–23
1138:drive
1130:Trieb
1096:. A
725:Žižek
695:Reich
675:Laing
670:Lacan
660:Klein
655:Kohut
645:Jones
620:Fromm
570:Adler
515:Drive
338:brain
257:, or
218:JSTOR
204:books
114:brain
2101:ISBN
2077:ISBN
2058:ISBN
2041:link
2021:ISBN
2002:ISBN
1983:ISBN
1964:ISBN
1945:ISBN
1917:ISBN
1902:ISBN
1832:ISBN
1805:ISBN
1780:2020
1748:ISBN
1723:ISBN
1679:ISBN
1650:ISBN
1626:link
1606:ISBN
1562:link
1542:ISBN
1520:link
1500:ISBN
1469:ISBN
1444:ISBN
1387:link
1367:ISBN
1337:ISBN
1292:ISBN
690:Rank
650:Jung
580:Bion
380:UCLA
363:and
326:mind
251:mind
190:news
102:mind
85:and
1931:PDF
1136:or
1118:ego
288:In
285:).
173:by
2123::
2037:}}
2033:{{
1803:.
1801:58
1771:.
1634:^
1622:}}
1618:{{
1570:^
1558:}}
1554:{{
1528:^
1516:}}
1512:{{
1498:.
1395:^
1383:}}
1379:{{
1351:^
1319:^
1290:.
1272:^
1151:.
1140:.
1084::
430:on
359:,
253:,
139:.
116:.
54:,
50:,
42:,
38:,
2109:.
2085:.
2066:.
2043:)
2029:.
2010:.
1991:.
1972:.
1953:.
1925:.
1840:.
1813:.
1782:.
1756:.
1731:.
1687:.
1658:.
1628:)
1614:.
1589:.
1564:)
1550:.
1522:)
1508:.
1477:.
1452:.
1389:)
1375:.
1345:.
1300:.
1112:.
1065:e
1058:t
1051:v
332:(
240:)
234:(
229:)
225:(
215:·
208:·
201:·
194:·
167:.
108:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
