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the value of having a monarchy at all. After attempting to have the marriage cancelled, Queen
Juliana acquiesced and the marriage took place under a continued storm of protest; an almost certain attitude pervaded the country that Princess Beatrix might be the last member of the House of Orange to ever reign in the Netherlands. Despite all these difficulties, Queen Juliana's personal popularity suffered only temporarily.
642:. His rank and religion were suitable; so Princess Juliana's royal engagement was arranged by her mother. Princess Juliana fell deeply in love with her fiancé, a love that was to last a lifetime and that withstood separation during the war and Bernhard's extramarital affairs and illegitimate children. Queen Wilhelmina, by then the richest woman in the world, left nothing to chance. Wilhelmina had her lawyers draw up a
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1087:. More than 1800 people drowned and tens of thousands were trapped by the floodwaters. Dressed in boots and an old coat, Queen Juliana waded through water and slopped through deep mud all over the devastated areas to bring desperate people food and clothing. Showing compassion and concern, reassuring the people, her tireless efforts would permanently endear her to the citizens of the Netherlands.
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the same time the queen began visiting the citizens of the nearby towns and, unannounced, would drop in on social institutions and schools like her mother before her insisting on seeing reality rather than a prepared show. On the international stage, Queen
Juliana was interested in the problems of developing countries, the refugee problem, and particularly child welfare in developing countries.
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cabinet to request that the queen cancel her meeting with
Adamski, but the queen went ahead with the meeting, saying that "A hostess cannot slam the door in the face of her guests." After the meeting, Dutch Aeronautical Association president Cornelis Kolff said: "The Queen showed an extraordinary interest in the whole subject." The Dutch press put it more straightforwardly. According to
915:. The following year (1946), Juliana donated another 20,500 bulbs, with the request that a portion of these be planted at the grounds of the Ottawa Civic Hospital where she had given birth to Margriet. At the same time, she promised Ottawa an annual gift of tulips during her lifetime to show her lasting appreciation for Canada's war-time hospitality. Each year Ottawa hosts the
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As
Princess, Juliana used a square and swallow tailed flag, with the Royal standard colours and their maternal arms (the horn of Orange) in the upper hoist and their paternal arms (the Bull head of Mecklenburg) in the lower hoist. The arms of the Netherlands (which originates from Nassau) without the
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movement. Many angry Dutch citizens demonstrated in the streets, and held rallies and marches against the "traitorous" affair. While this time there were no calls for the queen's abdicationâbecause the true object of the people's wrath, Princess
Beatrix, would then be queenâthey did start to question
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resolved the crisis. However, Juliana lost out to her powerful husband and his friends. Hofmans was banished from the court and
Juliana's supporters were sacked or pensioned. Prince Bernhard planned to divorce his wife but decided against it when he, as he told an American journalist, "found out that
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and worked closely with the
National Reconstruction organization. Her down-to-earth manner endeared her to her people so much that a majority of the Dutch people would soon want Queen Wilhelmina to abdicate in favour of her daughter. In the spring of 1946 Princess Juliana and Prince Bernhard visited
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received a letter from the head of the Dutch
Unidentified Flying Objects Society, Rey d'Aquilla, informing him that she had been contacted by Queen Juliana's palace and "that the Queen would like to receive you". Adamski informed a London newspaper about the invitation, which prompted the court and
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Although the bicycle and the down-to-earth manners suggest a simple life style, the Dutch royal court of the 1950s and 1960s was still an opulent affair with chamberlains in magnificent uniforms, gilded state coaches, visits to towns in open carriages and lavish entertaining in the huge palaces. At
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ordered an inquiry into the affair, while Prince
Bernhard refused to answer reporters' questions, stating: "I am above such things." Rather than calling on the queen to abdicate, the Dutch people were this time fearful that their beloved Juliana might abdicate out of shame or because of a criminal
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party. Given the history of the Dutch struggle for independence from Roman
Catholic Spain, and with fascist German oppression still fresh in the minds of the Dutch people, the events leading to the marriage were played out in all the newspapers and a storm of hostility erupted against the monarchy
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made him unpopular in the Netherlands. Juliana's birth thus assured the royal family's survival. Her mother suffered two further miscarriages after her birth, leaving Juliana as the royal couple's only child. According to several sources Juliana was happy to be an only child because that meant she
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said: "The Dutch press could hardly be accused of concealing the facts last week. Once again, Queen Juliana's weakness for the preternatural had landed her back in the headlines: she had invited to the palace a crackpot from California who numbered among his friends men from Mars, Venus and other
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The near-blindness of her daughter Christina and the increasing influence of Hofmans, who had moved into a royal palace, severely affected the queen's marital relationship. Over the next few years, the controversy surrounding the faith healer, at first kept out of the Dutch media, erupted into a
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As the Dutch constitution specified that Princess Juliana should be ready to succeed to the throne by the age of eighteen, her education proceeded at a faster pace than that of most children. After five years of primary education, the Princess received her secondary education (to pre-university
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to assist his mother in law Queen Wilhelmina and the government with operating in exile, was able to visit his family in Canada and be there for Margriet's birth. Princess Juliana's genuine warmth and the gestures of her Canadian hosts created a lasting bond, which was reinforced when Canadian
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in both eyes and was soon diagnosed as almost totally blind in one eye and severely limited in the other. Despite her blindness, Christina, as she was called, was a happy and gifted child with a talent for languages and an ear for music. Over time, and with advances in medical technology, her
1447:. Juliana did not appear in public after this time. At the order of the Royal Family's doctors, Juliana was placed under 24-hour care. Prince Bernhard said in a television interview in 2001 that the former Queen was no longer able to recognise her family and that she had been suffering from
1279:(RMS) as an independent state and try to make the Indonesian government do the same. Seventeen South-Moluccan youngsters were tried and convicted and sentenced to up to six years imprisonment. This was one of a series of actions for this cause during the 1970s, including the
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On 30 April 1927, Princess Juliana celebrated her eighteenth birthday. Under the constitution, she had officially come of age and was entitled to assume the royal prerogative, if necessary. Two days later her mother installed her in the "Raad van State" ("Council of State").
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in 1973, Queen Juliana donated all of the money that had been raised by the National Silver Jubilee Committee to organizations for children in need throughout the world. She donated the gift from the nation which she received on her seventieth birthday, in 1979, to the
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force, was regarded as an economic disaster for the Netherlands. With the certain loss of the prized colony, the queen announced her intention to abdicate, doing so on 4 September 1948. Two days later, with the eyes of the world upon her, Juliana was
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eyesight did improve such that with thick glasses, she could attend school and even ride a bicycle. However, before that happened, her mother, the Princess, clinging to any thread that offered some hope for a cure, came under the strong influence of
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national debate over the competency of the queen. However, the debate subsided in part due to Juliana's efforts to connect with her people. She often appeared in public dressed like any ordinary Dutch woman, and preferred to be addressed as "
346:, the royal family was evacuated to the United Kingdom. Juliana then relocated to Canada with her children, while Wilhelmina and Bernhard remained in Britain. The royal family returned to the Netherlands after its liberation in 1945.
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to set up a temporary Dutch government. Once home, she expressed her gratitude to Canada by sending the city of Ottawa 100,000 tulip bulbs. Juliana erected a wooden lectern and brass plaque which is dedicated in thanks to the
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was held in the Town Hall of The Hague and the marriage was blessed in the Great Church (St. Jacobskerk), also located in The Hague. Juliana's chosen bridesmaids were either relatives or family friends. These included
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Quarterly, 1 and 3, Azure, billetty Or a lion with a coronet Or armed and langued Gules holding in his dexter paw a sword Argent hilted Or and in the sinister paw seven arrows Argent pointed and bound together Or
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On 26 August 1976, a censored and toned-down yet devastating report on Prince Bernhard's activities was released to a shocked Dutch public. The prince resigned his various high-profile positions as a
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from 14 October to 1 December 1947. Wilhelmina seriously considered abdicating in favour of Juliana at the end of 1947, but Juliana urged her mother to stay on the throne so she could celebrate her
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Due to Wilhelmina's failing health, Juliana took over royal duties briefly in 1947 and 1948. In September 1948, Wilhelmina abdicated and Juliana ascended to the Dutch throne. Her reign saw the
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for allowing it to happenâa matter so serious that the queen's abdication became a real possibility. She survived, however, thanks to the underlying devotion she had earned over the years.
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that specified exactly what the German-born prince could and could not do, and what money he would receive from the royal estate. The couple's engagement was announced on 8 September 1936.
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462:. She was the first Dutch royal baby since Wilhelmina herself was born in 1880. Wilhelmina had suffered two miscarriages and one stillbirth, raising the prospect of a succession crisis.
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On 30 April 1980, her 71st birthday, Queen Juliana abdicated and her eldest daughter succeeded her. Juliana remained active in numerous charitable causes until well into her eighties.
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An event in April 1967, helped by an improving Dutch economy, brought an overnight revitalization of the royal family: the first male heir to the Dutch throne in 116 years,
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to kidnap the queen. Ten members of the group in a vehicle full of firearms were arrested. The group's alleged aim was to force the Dutch government to recognize the
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Her mother issued a decree allowing her to adopt her husband's princely title as customary, providing that it be preceded by the title she held as a member of the
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Another crisis developed as a result of the announcement in July 1965 of the engagement of Princess Beatrix, heir to the throne, to German diplomat
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Juliana as monarch bore the Greater Coat of Arms of the Realm, (or "Grote Rijkswapen"). The components of the coats of arms were regulated by
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asked permission from Queen Wilhelmina to name their village after the young princess. They received permission and they named their village
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Wilhelmina's increasingly precarious health made it increasingly difficult for her to perform her duties. Juliana was forced to take over as
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in 1948. However, Wilhelmina was forced by further health problems to relinquish her royal duties to Juliana once again on 4 May 1948.
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seceded from the Dutch Kingdom and became independent. Representing the Queen at the independence ceremony in the Surinamese capital,
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1490:. Juliana's husband Prince Bernhard died about nine months later aged 93, on 1 December 2004; his remains were placed next to hers.
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were to be reconstituted as constituent countries of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, making them equal partners with the mainland.
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so that, from the age of six, the Princess could receive her primary education with children of her own age. These children were
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Princess Juliana of the Netherlands, Princess of Orange-Nassau, Duchess of Mecklenburg, Princess of Lippe-Biesterfeld, etc.
1067:" (Dutch for "Mrs.") rather than her formal title of "majesty". She also began riding a bicycle for exercise and fresh air.
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Princess Juliana Louisa Emma Marie Wilhelmina of the Netherlands, Princess of Orange-Nassau, Duchess of Mecklenburg, etc.
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On 2 May 1945, Princess Juliana was returned with her mother to Dutch soil. Initially they lived in temporary quarters at
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of 1944â1945, which had taken the lives of many of her countrymen. She was very active as the president of the
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1576:, i.e. that of her mother, Queen Wilhelmina), 2 and 4, Or, a horn azure, langued gules (arms of the former
372:. Upon her death in 2004 at the age of 94, she was the longest-lived former reigning monarch in the world.
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rang out with Dutch music at the news of Princess Margriet's birth. Prince Bernhard, who had remained in
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Scandal rocked the royal family again in 1976, when it was revealed that Prince Bernhard had accepted a
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was one of the most strictly religious royal families in the world, and it was very difficult to find a
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In the 1930s, Queen Wilhelmina began a search for a suitable husband for her daughter. At the time, the
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Palace in The Hague. A small school class was formed at Noordeinde Palace on the advice of the educator
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In 1956, the influence of Hofmans on Juliana's political views almost brought down the monarchy in a
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in Amsterdam, Queen Juliana signed the papers that recognised Indonesian sovereignty over the former
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Queen Juliana faced another crisis among her Protestant citizens in 1963, when her second daughter
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in a royal decree of 10 July 1907 and were affirmed by Juliana in a royal decree of 23 April 1980:
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soldiers fought and died by the thousands in 1944 and 1945 to liberate the Netherlands from the
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to influence the Dutch government's purchase of fighter aircraft in what became known as the
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to be followed the following day by Queen Wilhelmina and the Dutch Government, who set up a
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In 2009, an exhibition of portraits of Juliana, and objects from her life, was held at the
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1580:), on an inescutcheon argent, a Bull's head sable (for her father's House of Mecklenburg).
1516:. The decree became effective upon her marriage, and changed her full title and style to:
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Queen Juliana and Princess Beatrix serving cocoa and buns to their staff on Christmas 1960
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1398:". As a reigning European monarch, she was given supernumerary membership of the British
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Princess Juliana and Prince Bernhard celebrate their engagement announcement in Amsterdam
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From the mid-1990s, Juliana's health declined as she suffered the progressive onset of
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2607:"40 years on, questions remain: the extraordinary story of the 1977 Dutch train siege"
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29-year-old Queen Wilhelmina with the long-awaited heir presumptive, Princess Juliana
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and often highly personal views on matters of religion public. The late Princess, a
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Decree of granting the title "Princess of Lippe-Biesterfeld" to HRH Prince Juliana
1370:. He resigned from his positions on the boards of many businesses, charities, the
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as monarch during a joint session of the States General at a ceremony held in the
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661:. Prior to the wedding, on 24 November 1936, Prince Bernhard was granted Dutch
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835:. Had these arrangements not been made, Princess Margriet would not be in the
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The queen was noted for her courtesy and kindness. In May 1959, for example,
559:. In the course of her studies she also attended lectures on the cultures of
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and changed the spelling of his names from German to Dutch. They married in
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Decree about the titles and names of the descendants of HM Queen Wilhelmina
1020:, becoming the 12th member of the House of Orange to rule the Netherlands.
295:; Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina; 30 April 1909 â 20 March 2004) was
2836:â Website with Legislation concerning the Royal House of the Netherlands (
2818:â Website with Legislation concerning the Royal House of the Netherlands (
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as the 922nd inductee, with the rank of Stranger Lady Companion, in 1958.
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The wedding announcement divided a country that mistrusted Germany under
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1047:(1949â1956). On 15 December 1954, the Queen announced that the nation's
839:. The Canadian government flew the Dutch tricolour flag on parliament's
776:. The princess remained there for a month before taking the children to
314:. She received a private education and studied international law at the
2523:"CBC Digital Archives: "Netherlands' Princess Margriet born in Ottawa""
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on 7 January 1937, the date on which Princess Juliana's grandparents,
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the countries that had helped the Netherlands during the occupation.
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were "vetted" but either declined or were rejected by the princess.
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were caught conspiring to steal a heavy truck and ram the gates of
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beliefs, who was considered by "her many detractors" to be a sham.
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In April 1980, Juliana abdicated in favour of her eldest daughter,
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1166:. The future husband of the future queen had been a member of the
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2664:"Queen Beatrix to address the nation tonight; is she abdicating?"
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Shortly after her birth, the inhabitants of a small village near
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Juliana died in her sleep on 20 March 2004 at the age of 94, at
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1154:, a claimant to the Spanish throne and also a leader in Spain's
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2634:"Vught Journal; Remember the Moluccans? Is This a Last Stand?"
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Princess Juliana and Prince Bernhard giving an interview for
539:. In her first years at university, she attended lectures in
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H.M. (koningin Juliana) Juliana Louise Emma Marie Wilhelmina
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On the night of 31 January 1953, the Netherlands was hit by
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In the same year, the Princess enrolled as a student at the
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said in her sermon, was interested in all religions and in
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and, without government approval, on 29 April 1964 married
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in order that the infant would have exclusively Dutch, not
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to a special law declaring Princess Juliana's rooms at the
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As Queen of the Netherlands (1948â1980), Juliana used the
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Juliana's full title and style as an unmarried woman was:
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the most destructive storm in more than five hundred years
698:(her second cousin), and two of Bernhard's first cousins,
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Queen Juliana signing Indonesian sovereignty papers, 1949
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in international law. She was taught Greek literature by
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Frederick Francis II, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
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insignia of the Order of Willem within an orange circle.
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Juliana with her husband and daughters in Ottawa in 1943
30:"Princess Juliana" redirects here. For the airport, see
2399:"Princess Juliana, Former Dutch Monarch, Is Dead at 94"
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accepted that there was to be no criminal prosecution.
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prosecution conducted in her name against her consort.
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for their hospitality during her residence in Ottawa.
796:. Her mother and husband remained in Britain with the
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Prince who was her 7th cousin, as both descended from
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Newspaper clippings about Juliana of the Netherlands
2767:"Nationaal Museum Paleis Het Loo â Juliana in beeld"
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prince who suited their standards. Princes from the
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2756:, Lof na uitspraken prins over Juliana, 2 July 2001
579:. She graduated from the university in 1930 with a
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1462:, seventy years to the day after her grandmother,
1420:for their summer holidays for more than 40 years.
1341:1.1 million bribe from U.S. aircraft manufacturer
2372:She is commemorated in space, in the name of the
984:Celebration of Queen Juliana's inauguration, 1948
3403:Burials in the Royal Crypt at Nieuwe Kerk, Delft
3351:title granted by Royal Decree to descendants of
3126:Sovereign Principality of the United Netherlands
1385:Queen Juliana on the day of her abdication, 1980
815:, was born on 19 January 1943, Governor General
684:Duchess Woizlawa Feodora of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
454:, the only child of the reigning Dutch monarch,
2584:"The Netherlands: The Queen & the Saucers"
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3212:Sophie, Grand Duchess of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
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2041:11. Princess Mathilde of Schönburg-Waldenburg
1525:After her accession to the throne, Juliana's
677:, had married fifty-eight years earlier. The
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2769:. Paleishetloo. 12 June 1981. Archived from
2226:George Victor, Prince of Waldeck and Pyrmont
3453:Grand Masters of the Order of Orange-Nassau
1542:Coat of arms of Juliana of the Netherlands
730:, was born on 31 January 1938, followed by
653:Queen Juliana signing the marriage register
587:, the university's first female professor.
3428:Dutch members of the Dutch Reformed Church
3162:
3148:
3140:
3023:
3009:
3001:
2937:
2486:
2484:
2369:in Willemstad, Curaçao is named after her.
1845:
1836:
1540:
942:During her pregnancy with her last child,
907:, listing her last permanent residence as
47:
38:
27:Queen of the Netherlands from 1948 to 1980
3179:Generations are numbered by descent from
1130:Queen Juliana inspecting the troops, 1959
863:St. Andrew's Presbyterian Church (Ottawa)
426:Learn how and when to remove this message
3413:Deaths from pneumonia in the Netherlands
2011:Princess Marie of Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
1654:
1639:hilted Or and in the sinister paw seven
1285:1975 Indonesian consulate hostage crisis
3443:Extra Ladies of the Order of the Garter
3301:Princess Margarita, Countess of Colorno
3280:Princess Margriet, Mrs. van Vollenhoven
2389:
1840:Ancestors of Juliana of the Netherlands
1742:Princess Margarita, Countess of Colorno
1297:1978 Dutch province hall hostage crisis
1094:Queen Juliana with Brazilian President
696:Princess Sophie of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach
692:Grand Duchess Kira Kirillovna of Russia
467:Prince Heinrich XXXII Reuss of Köstritz
3306:Princess Carolina, Marchioness of Sala
2613:from the original on 23 September 2017
2409:from the original on 24 September 2021
2357:Princess Juliana International Airport
2205:
2085:
2081:
2071:
1964:
1854:
1850:
1750:Princess Carolina, Marchioness of Sala
1643:Argent pointed and bound together Or.
1541:
184:
32:Princess Juliana International Airport
3458:Heirs presumptive to the Dutch throne
2644:from the original on 2 September 2020
2548:
2546:
2544:
2437:
2435:
2433:
2353:, Ontario, Canada is named after her.
2281:
2271:
2267:
2255:
2249:
2239:
2223:
2213:
2209:
2193:
2187:
2177:
2164:Grand Duchess Anna Pavlovna of Russia
2161:
2151:
2147:
2135:
2129:
2119:
2103:
2093:
2089:
2063:
2053:
2040:
2030:
2026:
2014:
2008:
1998:
1982:
1972:
1968:
1952:
1946:
1936:
1920:
1910:
1906:
1894:
1888:
1878:
1862:
1858:
1439:Video of her funeral procession, 2004
1368:Inspector General of the Armed Forces
688:Duchess Thyra of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
640:Lebrecht, Prince of Anhalt-Zeitz-Hoym
474:did not have to fight for attention.
446:Juliana was born on 30 April 1909 at
290:
7:
3343:also Duchess of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
3322:Catharina-Amalia, Princess of Orange
3196:Marianne, Princess Albert of Prussia
3183:, the first king of the Netherlands.
2674:from the original on 2 February 2013
2252:Princess Emma of Waldeck and Pyrmont
1497:to mark the centenary of her birth.
709:A wedding gift was the royal yacht,
632:Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld
408:adding citations to reliable sources
320:Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld
312:Prince Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
169:Prince Bernhard of Lippe-Biesterfeld
3448:Grand Cross of the Legion of Honour
2503:from the original on 6 October 2013
2442:van der Vat, Dan (22 August 2004).
1705:Willem-Alexander of the Netherlands
1408:Queen Juliana was very attached to
888:On 24 June 1945, she sailed on the
726:The first of their four daughters,
3347:also Princess of Lippe-Biesterfeld
3285:Princess Christina, Mrs. Guillermo
2886:from the original on 22 April 2021
2493:"Queen Juliana of the Netherlands"
2491:van der Vat, Dan (22 March 2004).
2454:from the original on 25 March 2022
2444:"Queen Juliana of the Netherlands"
1949:Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
1267:In the spring of 1975, a group of
503:Baroness Elisabeth van Hardenbroek
460:Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
322:with whom she had four daughters:
244:Duke Henry of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
25:
3513:Queens regnant of the Netherlands
3423:Duchesses of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
3130:United Kingdom of the Netherlands
2987:4 September 1948 â 30 April 1980
2726:from the original on 15 June 2020
2529:from the original on 23 June 2013
2397:Simons, Marlise (21 March 2004).
1562:Greater Coat of Arms of the Realm
950:. The girl was born in 1947 with
694:(her first cousin once removed),
465:The Queen's nearest relative was
3275:Princess Irene, Duchess of Parma
3063:
2911:at the Dutch Royal House website
1586:
1547:
1478:. The memorial service made her
1293:1977 Dutch school hostage crisis
384:
273:
3503:People with Alzheimer's disease
3438:Dutch people of Russian descent
2605:Witzand, Jopie (23 June 2017).
2473:"Were A Monarch To Fall Dead",
1923:Princess Alexandrine of Prussia
1458:in Baarn from complications of
1396:International Year of the Child
1289:1977 Dutch train hostage crisis
1281:1975 Dutch train hostage crisis
477:Juliana spent her childhood at
395:needs additional citations for
180:
3488:Nansen Refugee Award laureates
3433:Dutch people of German descent
2132:William III of the Netherlands
1232:Reception of Queen Juliana in
946:, Princess Juliana contracted
715:. The young couple moved into
306:Juliana was the only child of
1:
3463:House of Mecklenburg-Schwerin
2915:Netherlands Coronation (1948)
2590:. 1 June 1959. Archived from
2560:. 1 June 1959. Archived from
2554:"The Queen & the Saucers"
2190:Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
2106:William II of the Netherlands
1574:royal arms of the Netherlands
1123:the woman still loved him" .
919:in celebration of this gift.
555:, parliamentary history, and
254:Wilhelmina of the Netherlands
2632:Rule, Sheila (9 June 1989).
1746:Prince Jaime, Count of Bardi
1632:holding in his dexter paw a
1529:was: "Her Majesty, Juliana,
1114:, and the queen's pious and
1045:Netherlands-Indonesian Union
528:level) from private tutors.
3508:Princesses of Orange-Nassau
3408:Daughters of queens regnant
3398:20th-century Dutch monarchs
3383:20th-century queens regnant
3032:Monarchs of the Netherlands
2942:Juliana of the Netherlands
2929:20th Century Press Archives
1416:, a favorite place for the
1238:Louise Elisabeth Coldenhoff
1043:(Head of the Union) of the
762:invasion of the Netherlands
760:On 12 May 1940, during the
704:Princess Elisabeth of Lippe
700:Princess Sieglinde of Lippe
340:invasion of the Netherlands
3534:
3518:Regents of the Netherlands
3388:20th-century women regents
3074:Kingdom of the Netherlands
2199:
2083:
2067:Juliana of the Netherlands
1958:
1852:
1733:Carlos Hugo, Duke of Parma
1700:Jonkheer Claus van Amsberg
1687:Beatrix of the Netherlands
1565:, (or "Grote Rijkswapen").
1118:courtiers. Prime Minister
204:Beatrix of the Netherlands
29:
3498:People from South Holland
3340:
3177:
3122:
3061:
2989:
2980:
2972:
2967:
2940:
2909:Queen Juliana (1909-2004)
2861:26 September 2011 at the
2349:Princess Juliana Park in
2284:Princess Helena of Nassau
2269:
2261:
2233:
2211:
2207:
2171:
2149:
2141:
2113:
2091:
2087:
2047:
2028:
2020:
1992:
1970:
1966:
1930:
1908:
1900:
1872:
1856:
1663:
1660:
1657:
798:Dutch government-in-exile
46:
3473:Leiden University alumni
2983:Queen of the Netherlands
2802:10 December 2010 at the
2752:20 December 2014 at the
1781:Prince Pieter-Christiaan
1531:Queen of the Netherlands
1501:Titles, styles, and arms
1010:sworn in and inaugurated
376:Early life and education
353:and independence of the
297:Queen of the Netherlands
126:, The Hague, Netherlands
60:Queen of the Netherlands
3493:Nobility from The Hague
3222:Marie, Princess of Wied
3217:Louise, Queen of Sweden
1811:Jorge PĂ©rez y Guillermo
1277:Republik Maluku Selatan
1213:solar-system suburbs."
1031:On 27 December 1949 at
976:Regency and early reign
917:Canadian Tulip Festival
784:, where she resided at
519:Princess Juliana in an
499:Baroness Elise Bentinck
318:. In 1937, she married
3483:Monarchs who abdicated
3468:House of Orange-Nassau
2947:House of Orange-Nassau
2852:Wet op het Kroondomein
2694:"Il Tirreno (italian)"
1985:Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt
1768:Pieter van Vollenhoven
1603:
1578:Principality of Orange
1440:
1386:
1334:
1317:Queen Juliana, Prince
1264:
1244:
1186:
1138:secretly converted to
1131:
1103:
1028:
985:
885:
811:When her third child,
808:
757:
654:
605:House of Orange-Nassau
600:
524:
469:, whose close ties to
443:
292:[ËjyliËjaËnaË]
2720:"Adnkronos (italian)"
1983:10. Prince Adolph of
1738:Carlos, Duke of Parma
1628:Or armed and langued
1602:
1438:
1384:
1316:
1302:On 25 November 1975,
1250:
1231:
1184:
1129:
1108:constitutional crisis
1093:
1026:
983:
871:
825:Ottawa Civic Hospital
806:
749:
690:(her second cousin),
652:
598:
569:international affairs
518:
441:
264:Dutch Reformed Church
3393:20th-century regents
3128:(1813-1815) and the
2367:Queen Juliana Bridge
1514:House of Mecklenburg
1366:, a general, and an
1343:Lockheed Corporation
1259:during her visit to
1206:magazine, newspaper
1096:Juscelino Kubitschek
1053:Netherlands Antilles
999:The independence of
686:(her first cousin),
644:prenuptial agreement
624:1936 Winter Olympics
565:Netherlands Antilles
537:University of Leiden
510:Miek (Mary) de Jonge
404:improve this article
338:. During the German
316:University of Leiden
299:from 1948 until her
288:Dutch pronunciation:
143:, Baarn, Netherlands
2670:. 28 January 2013.
2525:. Archives.cbc.ca.
2475:The Washington Post
2363:is named after her.
1796:18 February 1947 â
1543:
1451:for several years.
1449:Alzheimer's disease
1400:Order of the Garter
1372:World Wildlife Fund
1075:Crises and recovery
1051:possessions of the
878:Kees van Eendenburg
774:government in exile
553:history of religion
69:4 September 1948 â
3040:Kingdom of Holland
2917:, newsreel on the
2638:The New York Times
2403:The New York Times
1816:Bernardo Guillermo
1807:(divorced in 1996)
1792:Princess Christina
1729:(divorced in 1981)
1713:Prince Constantijn
1604:
1519:Her Royal Highness
1507:Her Royal Highness
1441:
1418:Dutch royal family
1387:
1364:lieutenant admiral
1335:
1265:
1251:Queen Juliana and
1245:
1187:
1144:Prince Carlos Hugo
1132:
1104:
1029:
986:
886:
837:line of succession
809:
764:by Germany in the
758:
734:on 5 August 1939.
655:
601:
557:constitutional law
525:
444:
219:Princess Christina
155:Nieuwe Kerk, Delft
3360:
3359:
3137:
3136:
2999:
2998:
2990:Succeeded by
2329:
2328:
2325:
2324:
1829:
1828:
1824:Juliana Guillermo
1820:NicolĂĄs Guillermo
1757:Princess Margriet
1696:(widowed in 2002)
1648:
1647:
1595:Previous versions
1436:
1424:Illness and death
1257:Hamengkubuwono IX
1164:Claus von Amsberg
1140:Roman Catholicism
944:Marijke Christina
813:Princess Margriet
780:, the capital of
747:
585:Sophia Antoniadis
581:bachelor's degree
573:international law
487:Noordeinde Palace
458:. Her father was
448:Noordeinde Palace
436:
435:
428:
355:Dutch East Indies
281:
280:
214:Princess Margriet
124:Noordeinde Palace
16:(Redirected from
3525:
3355:
3348:
3344:
3238:Queen Wilhelmina
3171:Dutch princesses
3164:
3157:
3150:
3141:
3124:1. See also the
3114:Willem-Alexander
3067:
3025:
3018:
3011:
3002:
2973:Preceded by
2963:
2956:
2938:
2896:
2895:
2893:
2891:
2872:
2866:
2849:
2843:
2831:
2825:
2813:
2807:
2794:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2773:on 26 April 2012
2763:
2757:
2746:
2742:
2736:
2735:
2733:
2731:
2722:. 10 July 2005.
2716:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2696:. Archived from
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2679:
2660:
2654:
2653:
2651:
2649:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2618:
2602:
2596:
2595:
2594:on 13 July 2007.
2580:
2574:
2573:
2571:
2569:
2550:
2539:
2538:
2536:
2534:
2519:
2513:
2512:
2510:
2508:
2488:
2479:
2478:
2470:
2464:
2463:
2461:
2459:
2439:
2428:
2425:
2419:
2418:
2416:
2414:
2394:
2069:
1846:
1837:
1801:
1655:
1607:Queen Wilhelmina
1590:
1551:
1544:
1456:Soestdijk Palace
1437:
1410:Monte Argentario
1347:Lockheed Scandal
1273:Soestdijk Palace
1218:Willem-Alexander
1100:Soestdijk Palace
833:dual nationality
829:extraterritorial
766:Second World War
748:
728:Princess Beatrix
717:Soestdijk Palace
671:King William III
456:Queen Wilhelmina
431:
424:
420:
417:
411:
388:
380:
344:Second World War
308:Queen Wilhelmina
294:
289:
277:
188:
186:
182:
141:Soestdijk Palace
137:
120:
118:
82:6 September 1948
72:
51:
39:
21:
3533:
3532:
3528:
3527:
3526:
3524:
3523:
3522:
3363:
3362:
3361:
3356:
3350:
3346:
3342:
3336:
3332:Princess Ariane
3327:Princess Alexia
3310:
3289:
3258:
3242:
3226:
3200:
3184:
3173:
3168:
3138:
3133:
3118:
3076:
3068:
3059:
3042:
3034:
3029:
2995:
2986:
2978:
2957:
2951:
2950:
2943:
2921:YouTube Channel
2905:
2900:
2899:
2889:
2887:
2882:. 5 June 2019.
2874:
2873:
2869:
2863:Wayback Machine
2850:
2846:
2832:
2828:
2814:
2810:
2804:Wayback Machine
2795:
2786:
2776:
2774:
2765:
2764:
2760:
2754:Wayback Machine
2744:
2743:
2739:
2729:
2727:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2703:
2701:
2700:on 15 June 2020
2692:
2691:
2687:
2677:
2675:
2662:
2661:
2657:
2647:
2645:
2631:
2630:
2626:
2616:
2614:
2604:
2603:
2599:
2582:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2565:
2564:on 13 July 2007
2552:
2551:
2542:
2532:
2530:
2521:
2520:
2516:
2506:
2504:
2490:
2489:
2482:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2457:
2455:
2441:
2440:
2431:
2426:
2422:
2412:
2410:
2396:
2395:
2391:
2386:
2335:
2330:
2064:
1834:
1822:
1818:
1806:
1799:
1797:
1783:
1779:
1777:Prince Bernhard
1775:
1764:10 January 1967
1761:19 January 1943
1748:
1744:
1740:
1728:
1711:
1707:
1695:
1691:31 January 1938
1653:
1539:
1503:
1428:
1426:
1269:South Moluccans
1253:Prince Bernhard
1242:Indonesian Navy
1226:
1191:Polish-American
1077:
978:
973:
936:Dutch Red Cross
892:Queen Elizabeth
794:Rockcliffe Park
742:
740:
593:
575:, history, and
523:costume in 1922
432:
421:
415:
412:
401:
389:
378:
287:
223:
190:
178:
174:
171:
158:
152:
139:
135:
122:
116:
114:
70:
54:
53:Juliana in 1961
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3531:
3529:
3521:
3520:
3515:
3510:
3505:
3500:
3495:
3490:
3485:
3480:
3475:
3470:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3450:
3445:
3440:
3435:
3430:
3425:
3420:
3418:Decolonization
3415:
3410:
3405:
3400:
3395:
3390:
3385:
3380:
3375:
3365:
3364:
3358:
3357:
3353:Princess Irene
3341:
3338:
3337:
3335:
3334:
3329:
3324:
3318:
3316:
3315:7th generation
3312:
3311:
3309:
3308:
3303:
3297:
3295:
3294:6th generation
3291:
3290:
3288:
3287:
3282:
3277:
3272:
3266:
3264:
3263:5th generation
3260:
3259:
3257:
3256:
3250:
3248:
3247:4th generation
3244:
3243:
3241:
3240:
3234:
3232:
3231:3rd generation
3228:
3227:
3225:
3224:
3219:
3214:
3208:
3206:
3205:2nd generation
3202:
3201:
3199:
3198:
3192:
3190:
3189:1st generation
3186:
3185:
3178:
3175:
3174:
3169:
3167:
3166:
3159:
3152:
3144:
3135:
3134:
3123:
3120:
3119:
3117:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3101:
3096:
3091:
3086:
3080:
3078:
3077:(1815âpresent)
3070:
3069:
3062:
3060:
3058:
3057:
3052:
3046:
3044:
3036:
3035:
3030:
3028:
3027:
3020:
3013:
3005:
2997:
2996:
2991:
2988:
2979:
2974:
2970:
2969:
2968:Regnal titles
2965:
2964:
2944:
2941:
2936:
2935:
2922:
2912:
2904:
2903:External links
2901:
2898:
2897:
2867:
2844:
2826:
2808:
2806:(Parlement.nl)
2784:
2758:
2737:
2711:
2685:
2655:
2624:
2597:
2575:
2540:
2514:
2480:
2465:
2429:
2420:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2382:
2381:
2380:
2370:
2364:
2354:
2347:
2334:
2331:
2327:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2316:
2314:
2312:
2310:
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2304:
2302:
2300:
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2292:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2280:
2277:
2276:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2263:
2262:
2260:
2257:
2256:
2254:
2248:
2245:
2244:
2241:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2228:
2222:
2219:
2218:
2215:
2214:
2212:
2210:
2208:
2206:
2204:
2201:
2200:
2198:
2195:
2194:
2192:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2166:
2160:
2157:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2128:
2125:
2124:
2121:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2114:
2112:
2109:
2108:
2102:
2099:
2098:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2088:
2086:
2084:
2082:
2080:
2077:
2076:
2073:
2072:
2070:
2062:
2059:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2042:
2039:
2036:
2035:
2032:
2031:
2029:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2019:
2016:
2015:
2013:
2007:
2004:
2003:
2000:
1999:
1997:
1994:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1981:
1978:
1977:
1974:
1973:
1971:
1969:
1967:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1959:
1957:
1954:
1953:
1951:
1945:
1942:
1941:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1925:
1919:
1916:
1915:
1912:
1911:
1909:
1907:
1905:
1902:
1901:
1899:
1896:
1895:
1893:
1887:
1884:
1883:
1880:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1855:
1853:
1851:
1849:
1842:
1841:
1835:
1833:
1830:
1827:
1826:
1813:
1808:
1803:
1802:(aged 72)
1798:16 August 2019
1794:
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1773:Prince Maurits
1770:
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1720:Princess Irene
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1495:Het Loo Palace
1425:
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1391:Silver Jubilee
1376:States-General
1353:Prime Minister
1329:on holiday in
1225:
1222:
1197:George Adamski
1076:
1073:
1041:Hoofd der Unie
1005:decolonization
994:golden jubilee
977:
974:
972:
969:
926:just south of
872:Juliana meets
770:United Kingdom
739:
738:Canadian exile
736:
732:Princess Irene
679:civil ceremony
613:United Kingdom
592:
589:
491:Huis ten Bosch
479:Het Loo Palace
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416:September 2016
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2961:
2955:30 April 1909
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2919:British Pathé
2916:
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2876:"Julianadorp"
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2012:
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1786:
1785:Prince Floris
1782:
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1727:29 April 1964
1726:
1724:5 August 1939
1723:
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1698:
1694:10 March 1966
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1488:reincarnation
1485:
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1278:
1274:
1270:
1263:, August 1971
1262:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1243:
1239:
1235:
1230:
1223:
1221:
1219:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1209:de Volkskrant
1205:
1204:
1198:
1195:
1192:
1183:
1179:
1176:
1172:
1169:
1165:
1160:
1157:
1153:
1152:Duke of Parma
1149:
1145:
1141:
1137:
1128:
1124:
1121:
1117:
1113:
1109:
1101:
1097:
1092:
1088:
1086:
1082:
1074:
1072:
1068:
1066:
1060:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1039:. She became
1038:
1034:
1025:
1021:
1019:
1015:
1011:
1006:
1002:
997:
995:
991:
982:
975:
970:
968:
966:
962:
958:
957:Greet Hofmans
953:
949:
945:
940:
937:
933:
932:Hunger Winter
929:
925:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
905:United States
902:
898:
894:
893:
883:
879:
875:
870:
866:
864:
859:
855:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
830:
826:
822:
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814:
805:
801:
799:
795:
791:
787:
783:
779:
775:
771:
767:
763:
755:
754:
737:
735:
733:
729:
724:
722:
718:
714:
713:
707:
705:
701:
697:
693:
689:
685:
680:
676:
672:
668:
664:
660:
651:
647:
645:
641:
637:
633:
629:
625:
620:
618:
614:
610:
606:
597:
590:
588:
586:
582:
578:
574:
570:
566:
562:
558:
554:
550:
546:
545:jurisprudence
542:
538:
533:
529:
522:
517:
513:
511:
508:
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500:
496:
492:
488:
484:
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475:
472:
468:
463:
461:
457:
453:
449:
440:
430:
427:
419:
409:
405:
399:
398:
393:This section
391:
387:
382:
381:
375:
373:
371:
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
347:
345:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
309:
304:
302:
298:
293:
285:
276:
272:
268:
265:
262:
258:
255:
252:
248:
245:
242:
238:
235:
234:Orange-Nassau
232:
230:
226:
220:
217:
215:
212:
210:
207:
205:
202:
201:
199:
197:
193:
170:
165:
161:
157:, Netherlands
156:
151:30 March 2004
150:
146:
142:
134:20 March 2004
133:
129:
125:
121:30 April 1909
113:
109:
105:
102:
99:
95:
92:
89:
85:
81:
79:
75:
71:30 April 1980
68:
64:
61:
57:
50:
45:
40:
37:
33:
19:
18:Queen Juliana
3345:
3253:
3132:(1815â1839).
3103:
2981:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2888:. Retrieved
2879:
2870:
2851:
2847:
2837:
2829:
2819:
2811:
2777:27 September
2775:. Retrieved
2771:the original
2761:
2740:
2728:. Retrieved
2714:
2702:. Retrieved
2698:the original
2688:
2676:. Retrieved
2667:
2658:
2646:. Retrieved
2637:
2627:
2617:23 September
2615:. Retrieved
2600:
2592:the original
2587:
2578:
2566:. Retrieved
2562:the original
2557:
2531:. Retrieved
2517:
2505:. Retrieved
2497:The Guardian
2496:
2477:, 7 May 1905
2474:
2468:
2456:. Retrieved
2448:The Guardian
2447:
2423:
2413:27 September
2411:. Retrieved
2402:
2392:
2066:
1805:28 June 1975
1800:(2019-08-16)
1709:Prince Friso
1679:
1674:
1669:
1612:
1560:
1524:
1517:
1511:
1506:
1504:
1492:
1453:
1442:
1407:
1404:
1388:
1361:
1356:Joop den Uyl
1351:
1336:
1331:Porto Ercole
1301:
1266:
1215:
1207:
1201:
1188:
1175:Hitler Youth
1161:
1133:
1120:Willem Drees
1105:
1085:storm surges
1078:
1069:
1061:
1040:
1037:Dutch colony
1030:
998:
987:
961:faith healer
941:
921:
891:
887:
821:royal assent
817:Lord Athlone
810:
759:
753:Radio Oranje
751:
725:
710:
708:
659:Adolf Hitler
656:
621:
602:
577:European law
534:
530:
526:
495:Jan Ligthart
476:
464:
445:
422:
413:
402:Please help
397:verification
394:
367:
348:
305:
283:
282:
136:(2004-03-20)
78:Inauguration
36:
3378:2004 deaths
3373:1909 births
3094:William III
3043:(1806â1810)
2880:Holland.com
2856:BWBR0002752
2648:20 December
2377:816 Juliana
2361:St. Maarten
2344:Julianadorp
1661:Birth-death
1616:, billetty
1472:Nieuwe Kerk
1325:and Prince
1321:, Princess
1224:Later reign
1014:Nieuwe Kerk
841:Peace Tower
663:citizenship
87:Predecessor
3367:Categories
3099:Wilhelmina
3089:William II
2976:Wilhelmina
2745:(in Dutch)
2678:28 January
2668:Dutch News
2533:9 December
2499:. London.
2458:28 January
2384:References
2340:Den Helder
1568:Escutcheon
1480:ecumenical
1466:. She was
1464:Queen Emma
1308:Paramaribo
1295:, and the
1261:Yogyakarta
1033:Dam Palace
843:while its
675:Queen Emma
634:, a young
630:, she met
609:Protestant
507:Jonkvrouwe
301:abdication
117:1909-04-30
91:Wilhelmina
3181:William I
3084:William I
2730:21 August
2704:21 August
1664:Marriage
1460:pneumonia
1255:met with
1194:ufologist
1171:Wehrmacht
1049:Caribbean
1018:Amsterdam
1001:Indonesia
965:heterodox
952:cataracts
924:Anneville
903:, to the
786:Stornoway
712:Piet Hein
667:The Hague
549:economics
541:sociology
485:, and at
483:Apeldoorn
452:The Hague
359:Indonesia
336:Christina
303:in 1980.
270:Signature
97:Successor
3055:Louis II
2890:22 April
2884:Archived
2859:Archived
2800:Archived
2750:Archived
2724:Archived
2672:Archived
2642:Archived
2611:Archived
2568:27 April
2527:Archived
2501:Archived
2452:Archived
2407:Archived
2374:asteroid
1832:Ancestry
1468:embalmed
1445:dementia
1319:Bernhard
1304:Suriname
1173:and the
1116:pacifist
1057:Suriname
901:Scotland
882:Deanland
845:carillon
819:granted
591:Marriage
563:and the
561:Suriname
363:Suriname
332:Margriet
260:Religion
3109:Beatrix
3104:Juliana
3050:Louis I
2993:Beatrix
2931:of the
2927:in the
2609:. SBS.
2507:4 April
1626:coronet
1624:with a
1414:Tuscany
1389:On her
1323:Beatrix
1240:of the
1156:Carlist
1148:Bourbon
1065:Mevrouw
948:rubella
913:England
897:Gourock
884:in 1944
788:in the
756:in 1941
628:Bavaria
622:At the
471:Germany
370:Beatrix
342:in the
324:Beatrix
284:Juliana
189:
177:
173:
101:Beatrix
42:Juliana
2958:
2351:Ottawa
2333:Legacy
1675:Spouse
1641:arrows
1637:Argent
1583:Banner
1484:Pastor
1291:, the
1287:, the
1283:, the
1102:, 1956
990:regent
909:London
876:pilot
849:London
827:to be
790:suburb
782:Canada
778:Ottawa
636:German
617:Sweden
361:) and
334:, and
250:Mother
240:Father
183:
163:Spouse
148:Burial
2960:Died:
2953:Born:
2839:Dutch
2821:Dutch
1680:Issue
1651:Issue
1634:sword
1630:Gules
1614:Azure
1556:Notes
1476:Delft
1412:, in
1327:Claus
1136:Irene
971:Reign
963:with
928:Breda
895:from
858:Breda
854:Nazis
721:Baarn
357:(now
328:Irene
229:House
196:Issue
187:)
179:(
175:
66:Reign
2892:2021
2779:2012
2732:2020
2706:2020
2680:2013
2650:2017
2619:2017
2588:Time
2570:2007
2558:Time
2535:2013
2509:2012
2460:2013
2415:2012
2282:15.
2224:14.
2162:13.
2104:12.
1670:Date
1658:Name
1622:lion
1537:Arms
1339:US$
1234:Bali
1203:Time
1168:Nazi
1112:NATO
1055:and
959:, a
890:RMS
702:and
673:and
615:and
521:Axel
505:and
489:and
310:and
185:1937
131:Died
111:Born
2933:ZBW
2359:in
2250:7.
2188:3.
2130:6.
2065:1.
2009:5.
1947:2.
1921:9.
1889:4.
1863:8.
1474:in
1146:of
1098:at
1016:in
880:at
874:RAF
792:of
719:in
626:in
481:in
450:in
406:by
3369::
2878:.
2787:^
2666:.
2640:.
2636:.
2586:.
2556:.
2543:^
2495:.
2483:^
2450:.
2446:.
2432:^
2405:.
2401:.
1620:a
1618:Or
1349:.
1299:.
1150:,
911:,
899:,
800:.
723:.
706:.
571:,
567:,
551:,
547:,
543:,
512:.
501:,
330:,
326:,
181:m.
3163:e
3156:t
3149:v
3024:e
3017:t
3010:v
2894:.
2865:)
2854:(
2842:)
2824:)
2781:.
2734:.
2708:.
2682:.
2652:.
2621:.
2572:.
2537:.
2511:.
2462:.
2427:1
2417:.
2379:.
2346:.
1572:(
1394:"
1333:.
429:)
423:(
418:)
414:(
400:.
286:(
119:)
115:(
34:.
20:)
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