836:
beautiful forbearance, and turn away from the polytheists.” Then He commanded him to call to the religion with admonishment and disputation with goodness, with His saying, “call unto the path of your Lord with wisdom.” Then he was permitted to fight when the initiation was from them, with His saying, “it is permitted for those who fight” and with His saying, “thus, if they fight you, then you fight them.” Then He commanded initiating fighting in some periods of time with His saying, “thus, when the sacred months have passed, fight the polytheists (9:5)”, then He commanded initiating fighting absolutely; in all time periods and places, He said, “and fight them until there be no fitnah(8.39) and ‘fight those who do not believe in Allah and the Last Day’ (9:29)
892:‘When we were returning from Tabuk, I was leading the camel of the Holy Prophet while Ammar was walking behind. When we approached a valley, I noticed 12 people mounted on conveyances. They were blocking the path. When I informed the Holy Prophet about them, he shouted at them, whereupon they turned and fled.’ He continued, ‘The Holy Prophet asked us if we recognised them. We replied that we did not recognise them because their faces were covered. We added that we had recognised their conveyances.
686:
785:: Fight the ones who do not believe in Allah nor in the Last Day, and do not prohibit whatever Allah and His Messenger have prohibited, and do not practice (Literally: to have as a religion) the religion of Truth-from among the ones to whom the Book was brought-until they give the tax out of hand (i.e., by a ready money payment, or in token of submission) and have been belittled...
642:
761:: Fight against those who (1) believe not in Allah, (2) nor in the Last Day, (3) nor forbid that which has been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger (4) and those who acknowledge not the religion of truth (i.e. Islam) among the people of the Scripture (Jews and Christians), until they pay the Jizyah with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued.
51:
874:(since this Surah was revealed at that period of time). Therefore, it was referring to the hypocrites of that time. Prophet Muhammed went to the War of Tabuk with an army of 30,000 Muslims. However, after the Roman army from Syria discovered the size of the Muslim army, they decided not to attack (so no battle took place).
794:
The Muslim jurists and exegetes disagree primarily on two issues in regards to the exegesis and legal judgements on this verse. One issue is of the generality of the command to fight, which some from the early and classical jurists considered to be a universal command against disbelievers in general.
877:
O you
Prophet, strive (Jihad) against the steadfast disbelievers and the hypocrites, and be harsh with them. And their abode is Hell, and miserable is the Destiny. They swear by Allah that they said nothing, while indeed, they had said the word of infidelity and had disbelieved after having accepted
777:: Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the religion of Truth, (even if they are) of the People of the Book, until they pay the Jizya with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued.
863:(d. 606/1210) quotes an early exegetical authority, Abū Rawq (d. 140/757), who said that this verse was not a unilateral condemnation of all Jews and Christians, but those "who do not heed the prescriptions contained in the Torah and the Gospel, respectively", while the famous Andalusian scholar
835:
Babarti said: ‘If they fight you then fight them’(2:191) indicates that you may only fight the kuffar if they fight you, but it has been abrogated and the explanation is that Allah’s
Messenger was initially commanded to forbear and turn away from the polytheists, with His saying, “forbear with a
830:
Babarti al-Hanafi of the fourteenth century also mentioned this verse and lengthily exposited its contrast to older
Quranic verses enjoining peace, forbearance and the prohibition on offensive warfare, then invoked the doctrine of abrogation and emphasised the generality of the targets of war
926:
There are online repositories of common, published
English translations of the Quran. One such repository is quran.com. The text of the English translations quoted in this article may be verified using this repository if the hard copies of those translations are not available to the reader.
769:: Fight against such of those who have been given the Scripture as believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, and forbid not that which Allah hath forbidden by His messenger, and follow not the Religion of Truth, until they pay the tribute readily, being brought low.
897:
The Holy
Prophet said, ‘They are hypocrites and will remain as such until the day of judgement.’ He then asked us, ‘Do you know what they intended?’ When we replied in the negative, he said, ‘They intended to drop the Messenger of Allah to the bottom of this
730:قَـٰتِلُوا۟ ٱلَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِٱللَّهِ وَلَا بِٱلْيَوْمِ ٱلْـَٔاخِرِ وَلَا يُحَرِّمُونَ مَا حَرَّمَ ٱللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُۥ وَلَا يَدِينُونَ دِينَ ٱلْحَقِّ مِنَ ٱلَّذِينَ أُوتُوا۟ ٱلْكِتَـٰبَ حَتَّىٰ يُعْطُوا۟ ٱلْجِزْيَةَ عَن يَدٍۢ وَهُمْ صَـٰغِرُونَ
805:
of the Salaf from the 8th century notably made the judgement that this verse applies on the basis of religion rather than external aggression, and that the payment of the jizya is one of two modes by which a disbelieving man from the religion of the
903:‘We said, ‘why do you not command their tribes to behead each one of them?’ The Holy Prophet replied, ‘I do not want people to say that Muhammad takes people into battle and when Allah grants him victory, he kills the people who went with him. …’"
814:
al-Shafi’i commented: So Allah protected the blood of those who follow the religion of the People of the Book either by their conversion into Islam (iman) or by their paying the Jizyah from their hands, while feeling themselves
795:
The second issue is of how the jizya relates to the belittlement of the
Disbelievers, whether that is by virtue of paying the jizya or expressed in the manner in which the jizya is extracted from the dhimmi.
827:
writes, "Allah the
Exalted encourages the believers to fight the polytheists, disbelieving Jews and Christians, who uttered this terrible statement and utter lies against Allah, the Exalted."
884:
When
Prophet Muhammed was returning from the Expedition of Tabuk, they hypocrites intended to kill Prophet Muhammed (Peace be upon him) and he knew about it, but they were unsuccessful.
749:
and who do not consider unlawful what Allah and His
Messenger have made unlawful and who do not adopt the religion of truth from those who were given the Scripture - until they give the
774:
908:
Believers! Fight against the unbelievers who live around you; and let them find in you sternness. Know that Allah is with the God-fearing. (9:123)
425:
949:"Sahih Muslim 2769a, b - The Book of Repentance - كتاب التوبة - Sunnah.com - Sayings and Teachings of Prophet Muhammad (صلى الله عليه و سلم)"
312:
867:(d. 671/1273) "did not read into Qur'ān 9:29 a wholesale denunciation of the People of the Book as an undifferentiated collectivity."
766:
490:
90:
672:
617:
361:
1098:
393:
440:
267:
694:
480:
758:
575:
287:
1135:
507:
307:
1125:
102:
702:
556:
322:
551:
376:
160:
115:
1037:
860:
820:
1094:
871:
845:
841:
742:
712:
665:
561:
195:
95:
1041:
807:
585:
542:
512:
495:
470:
415:
371:
83:
1061:
1140:
685:
626:
590:
537:
450:
410:
272:
435:
430:
381:
366:
351:
260:
139:
1120:
974:
849:
570:
386:
346:
335:
317:
220:
165:
78:
1130:
658:
530:
517:
475:
420:
34:
994:
1114:
798:
595:
500:
460:
646:
602:
339:
71:
60:
746:
398:
356:
280:
859:
After mentioning the diverse array of interpretations, the influential scholar
711:). Most Muslim commentators believe this verse was revealed at the time of the
1057:
864:
824:
403:
782:
302:
17:
853:
810:
can save his blood from being spilled. After mentioning the verse 9:29,
612:
580:
294:
228:
1078:
1021:
445:
122:
819:
Somewhat anomalously, the modern 19th century Modern
Islamic scholar
750:
707:
465:
455:
244:
212:
204:
189:
183:
67:
979:
Striving in the Path of God: Jihad and Martyrdom in Islamic Thought
948:
698:
684:
607:
485:
176:
134:
127:
50:
42:
715:
to threaten the Christians of Arabia in Syria and those of Rome.
802:
236:
144:
823:
also includes generally all disbelieving people in this group.
887:
Bayhaqi reports that Sayyidina Hudhaifa narrated (hadith):
870:
Another Interpretation, is that this verse refers to the
856:
non-Muslim addresses who lived in his time and region.
697:
is notable as dealing with the imposition of tribute (
745:: Fight those who do not believe in Allah or in the
880:
had intended what they could not achieve. (9:73-74)
852:, limits the application of this verse to only the
666:
8:
1083:(in Arabic). Maktaba Shamela. p. 5/441.
1026:(in Arabic). Maktaba Shamela. p. 4/302.
728:
989:
987:
673:
659:
29:
1040:. "9. Surah At Taubah (The Repentance)".
940:
919:
41:
840:Another interpretation, forwarded by
7:
970:
968:
738:English translations of the verse:
729:
25:
753:willingly while they are humbled.
640:
49:
1:
1058:Ibn Kathir, Alama Imad ud Din
723:Verse as written in Arabic:
224:("Stories of the Prophets")
1157:
1077:Al Babarti, Akmal al Din.
1020:Al Shafi’i, Abu Abdullah.
831:identified by the verse.
701:) on non-Muslims who have
844:in line with his general
1038:Maududi, Sayyid Abul Ala
726:
703:fallen under Muslim rule
313:Medieval Islamic science
695:chapter 9 of the Qur'an
995:"Surah At-Tawbah - 29"
911:
910:
846:views on Islamic Jihad
838:
817:
787:
779:
771:
763:
755:
735:
690:
323:Succession to Muhammad
1060:. "Surah Al Tawbah".
906:
889:
833:
812:
780:
772:
764:
756:
740:
725:
688:
1095:Ghamidi, Javed Ahmad
1080:Inayah sharh Hidayah
689:At-Tawbah UrduScript
362:Association football
872:Expedition of Tabuk
743:Sahih International
713:expedition to Tabuk
123:Profession of Faith
96:Day of Resurrection
1097:. "9. Al-Tawbah".
808:people of the Book
691:
27:Verse of the Quran
1063:Tafsir Ibn Kathir
1001:. Quran.com. 2022
683:
682:
16:(Redirected from
1148:
1105:
1104:
1091:
1085:
1084:
1074:
1068:
1067:
1054:
1048:
1047:
1043:Tafhim al-Qur'an
1034:
1028:
1027:
1017:
1011:
1010:
1008:
1006:
991:
982:
981:, OUP USA (2013)
972:
963:
962:
960:
959:
945:
928:
924:
854:Muslim Prophet's
732:
731:
675:
668:
661:
647:Islam portal
645:
644:
643:
53:
30:
21:
1156:
1155:
1151:
1150:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1145:
1136:Offensive jihad
1111:
1110:
1109:
1108:
1093:
1092:
1088:
1076:
1075:
1071:
1056:
1055:
1051:
1036:
1035:
1031:
1019:
1018:
1014:
1004:
1002:
993:
992:
985:
975:Asma Afsaruddin
973:
966:
957:
955:
947:
946:
942:
937:
932:
931:
925:
921:
916:
850:Itmam al-Hujjah
792:
790:Interpretations
737:
734:
721:
679:
641:
639:
632:
631:
576:Other religions
571:Arabic language
533:
523:
522:
451:Moral teachings
342:
328:
327:
318:Spread of Islam
263:
253:
252:
240:(jurisprudence)
222:Qisas al-Anbiya
171:
170:
150:
149:
118:
108:
107:
63:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
1154:
1152:
1144:
1143:
1138:
1133:
1128:
1126:Quranic verses
1123:
1113:
1112:
1107:
1106:
1086:
1069:
1049:
1029:
1012:
983:
964:
939:
938:
936:
933:
930:
929:
918:
917:
915:
912:
791:
788:
720:
717:
681:
680:
678:
677:
670:
663:
655:
652:
651:
650:
649:
634:
633:
630:
629:
623:
622:
621:
620:
615:
605:
600:
599:
598:
593:
583:
578:
573:
567:
566:
565:
564:
559:
554:
546:
545:
540:
534:
531:Related topics
529:
528:
525:
524:
521:
520:
515:
513:Social welfare
510:
505:
504:
503:
493:
488:
483:
478:
473:
468:
463:
458:
453:
448:
443:
438:
433:
428:
423:
418:
413:
408:
407:
406:
401:
391:
390:
389:
379:
374:
369:
364:
359:
354:
349:
343:
334:
333:
330:
329:
326:
325:
320:
315:
310:
305:
299:
298:
291:
284:
276:
275:
270:
264:
259:
258:
255:
254:
251:
250:
242:
233:
232:
226:
218:
210:
201:
200:
180:
172:
169:
168:
163:
157:
156:
155:
152:
151:
148:
147:
142:
137:
131:
130:
125:
119:
114:
113:
110:
109:
106:
105:
103:Predestination
99:
98:
93:
87:
86:
84:Revealed Books
81:
75:
74:
64:
59:
58:
55:
54:
46:
45:
39:
38:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1153:
1142:
1139:
1137:
1134:
1132:
1129:
1127:
1124:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1116:
1102:
1101:
1096:
1090:
1087:
1082:
1081:
1073:
1070:
1065:
1064:
1059:
1053:
1050:
1045:
1044:
1039:
1033:
1030:
1025:
1024:
1016:
1013:
1000:
996:
990:
988:
984:
980:
976:
971:
969:
965:
954:
950:
944:
941:
934:
923:
920:
913:
909:
905:
904:
900:
899:
894:
893:
888:
885:
882:
881:
875:
873:
868:
866:
862:
857:
855:
851:
847:
843:
837:
832:
828:
826:
822:
816:
811:
809:
804:
800:
796:
789:
786:
784:
778:
776:
770:
768:
762:
760:
754:
752:
748:
744:
739:
733:
724:
718:
716:
714:
710:
709:
704:
700:
696:
687:
676:
671:
669:
664:
662:
657:
656:
654:
653:
648:
638:
637:
636:
635:
628:
625:
624:
619:
616:
614:
611:
610:
609:
606:
604:
601:
597:
594:
592:
589:
588:
587:
584:
582:
579:
577:
574:
572:
569:
568:
563:
560:
558:
555:
553:
550:
549:
548:
547:
544:
541:
539:
536:
535:
532:
527:
526:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
502:
499:
498:
497:
494:
492:
489:
487:
486:Proselytizing
484:
482:
479:
477:
474:
472:
469:
467:
464:
462:
459:
457:
454:
452:
449:
447:
444:
442:
439:
437:
434:
432:
429:
427:
424:
422:
419:
417:
414:
412:
409:
405:
402:
400:
397:
396:
395:
394:Denominations
392:
388:
385:
384:
383:
380:
378:
375:
373:
370:
368:
365:
363:
360:
358:
355:
353:
350:
348:
345:
344:
341:
337:
332:
331:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
300:
297:
296:
292:
290:
289:
285:
283:
282:
278:
277:
274:
271:
269:
266:
265:
262:
257:
256:
249:
247:
243:
241:
239:
235:
234:
230:
227:
225:
223:
219:
217:
215:
211:
209:
207:
203:
202:
198:
197:
192:
191:
186:
185:
181:
179:
178:
174:
173:
167:
164:
162:
159:
158:
154:
153:
146:
143:
141:
138:
136:
133:
132:
129:
126:
124:
121:
120:
117:
112:
111:
104:
101:
100:
97:
94:
92:
89:
88:
85:
82:
80:
77:
76:
73:
69:
66:
65:
62:
57:
56:
52:
48:
47:
44:
40:
36:
32:
31:
19:
1099:
1089:
1079:
1072:
1062:
1052:
1042:
1032:
1023:Kitab al Umm
1022:
1015:
1003:. Retrieved
998:
978:
956:. Retrieved
952:
943:
922:
907:
902:
901:
896:
895:
891:
890:
886:
883:
879:
876:
869:
858:
839:
834:
829:
818:
813:
797:
793:
781:
773:
765:
757:
741:
736:
727:
722:
708:ahl al-ḏimma
706:
693:Verse 29 of
692:
603:Islamophobia
382:Demographics
377:Circumcision
293:
286:
279:
245:
237:
221:
213:
205:
194:
188:
182:
175:
878:Islam, and
815:humiliated.
759:Muhsin Khan
618:Laws of war
281:Ahl al-Bayt
166:Foundations
1115:Categories
958:2024-01-23
953:sunnah.com
935:References
865:al-Qurṭubī
825:Ibn Kathir
799:al-Shafi’i
471:Philosophy
208:(exegesis)
145:Pilgrimage
135:Almsgiving
18:Quran 9:29
999:Quran.com
783:Dr. Ghali
775:Yusuf Ali
767:Pickthall
591:terrorism
543:Criticism
496:Sexuality
466:Mysticism
436:Festivals
416:Education
411:Economics
347:Academics
303:Caliphate
116:Practices
1141:At-Tawba
1100:Al-Bayan
898:valley.’
747:Last Day
627:Glossary
613:Jihadism
586:Violence
581:Islamism
552:Muhammad
538:Apostasy
481:Politics
431:Feminism
426:Exorcism
387:Diaspora
372:Children
367:Calendar
295:Rashidun
273:Muhammad
268:Timeline
229:Mathnawi
91:Prophets
35:a series
33:Part of
1005:July 8,
861:Al-Rāzī
842:Ghamidi
821:Maududi
508:Slavery
491:Science
446:Madrasa
441:Finance
352:Animals
340:society
336:Culture
308:Imamate
288:Sahabah
261:History
231:(Poems)
216:(creed)
140:Fasting
68:Oneness
61:Beliefs
1121:Sharia
801:, the
751:jizyah
562:Hadith
476:Poetry
456:Mosque
421:Ethics
246:Sharia
214:Aqidah
206:Tafsir
190:Hadith
184:Sunnah
128:Prayer
79:Angels
1131:Jihad
914:Notes
705:(the
699:ǧizya
608:Jihad
557:Quran
518:Women
461:Music
399:Sunni
248:(law)
196:Sirah
177:Quran
161:Texts
43:Islam
1007:2022
848:and
803:Imam
719:Text
501:LGBT
404:Shia
338:and
238:Fiqh
596:war
357:Art
72:God
70:of
1117::
997:.
986:^
977:,
967:^
951:.
193:,
37:on
1103:.
1066:.
1046:.
1009:.
961:.
674:e
667:t
660:v
199:)
187:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
