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In 1916, Ruth F. Allen became an
Assistant Professor of Botany at Wellesley College, a prominent women's liberal arts college in Wellesley, Massachusetts (Wellesley College, 1917). She later moved to California, where she worked at the University of California at Berkeley and the Bureau of Plant Industry, USDA and California Agricultural Experiment Station.
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This fungus is an obligate biotrophic (feeding on the living plant tissue) pathogen of cereal crops that can cause extensive yield loss (Schumann and
Leonard, 2000). Until the advent of resistant cultivars, stem rust of wheat was considered a devastating pathogen capable of re-infecting plants in the
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Ruth F. Allen received her Ph.D. in botany from the
University of Wisconsin in 1909, with her thesis titled “Studies in spermatogenesis and apogamy in ferns”. After graduating, Allen worked as a botanist for the Michigan College and Station United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) (True, 1914).
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and the first woman to earn her Ph.D. in botany from the
University of Wisconsin. Her doctorate research focused on the reproduction and cell biology of ferns, particularly the phenomenon of apogamy (formation of an embryo without fertilization) (Allen, 1914). Later in her career, Allen shifted her
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Allen's surviving heirs, Sam
Emsweller, Mable Nebel, Hally Sax, and Evangeline Yarwood, created the Ruth Allen Memorial Fund through the American Phytopathological Society (APS) in 1965. Each year since, a certificate and monetary prize are awarded to an individual who makes an “outstanding,
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helped to elucidate the life cycle and pathology of this devastating fungal disease agent of cereal crops. This species has several formae speciales, variations that utilize specific host plants but have identical morphology (Schumann and
Leonard, 2000). The life cycle of
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focus to plant pathology. Her major contribution to the field of mycology was furthering the understanding of rust fungi, a group of economically important plant pathogens. Allen completed many studies on
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same field over time and reaching epidemic levels. Allen's research on stem rust of wheat pathology on specific cultivars contributed to the understanding of how to control this cereal pathogen.
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Schumann, GL and KJ Leonard. 2000. Stem rust of wheat (black rust). The Plant Health
Instructor. DOI: 10.1094/PHI-I-2000-0721-01 Last updated 2011. Accessed November 2015.
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Wellesley
College, 1917. Appointments, Appendix to the Presidents Report. Annual Reports of the President and Treasurer of Wellesley College, p. 51-54.
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Allen, RF. 1914. Studies in spermatogenesis and apogamy in ferns. Transactions of the
Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters 17 (1): 1-56.
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innovative research contribution that has changed, or has the potential to change, the direction of research in any field of plant pathology.”
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True AC. 1914. Experiment
Station Record, United States Department of Agriculture, Office of Experiment Stations Vol. 31, No. 7.
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Allen's major contribution to the study of fungi is through the field of plant pathology. Her work on the
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Allen, RF. 1923b. Cytological studies of infection of Baart, Kanred, and Mindum wheats by
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physiologic form 11, on Malakoff wheat. Journal of Agricultural Research 34: 697–714.
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Allen, RF. 1923a. A cytological study of infection of Baart and Kanred wheats by
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University of Wisconsin–Madison College of Agricultural and Life Sciences alumni
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Allen, RF and HDM Jolivette. 1914. A study of the light reactions of
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on Khapli emmer. Contribution from Bureau of Plant Industry, 725 pp.
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Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters
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Allen, RF. 1926. Cytological studies of forms 9, 21, and 27 of
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form III and XIX. Journal of Agricultural Research 26: 571–604.
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372:. American Phytopathological Society. 2018. Archived from
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Allen, RF. 1927. A cytological study of orange leaf rust,
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APS website - list of Ruth Allen Memorial Fund recipients
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American Women in Science: A Biographical Dictionary
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349:"Studies in spermatogenesis and apogamy in ferns"
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231:Allen, RF. 1928. A cytological study of
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16:American botanist and plant pathologist
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315:Bailey, Martha J. (1994).
286:"Ruth F. Allen, 1879–1963"
219:Puccinia graminis tritici
212:Puccinia graminis tritici
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148:Contribution to mycology
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394:Allen, Ruth F. (1931).
347:Allen, Ruth F. (1911).
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250:. Science 74: 462–463.
188:Important publications
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486:Additional references
139:Education and career
412:1931Sci....74..462A
261:List of mycologists
156:of the rust fungus
120:Ruth Florence Allen
513:2017-02-22 at the
370:"Ruth Allen Award"
248:Puccinia triticina
226:Puccinia triticina
560:Women in forestry
406:(1923): 462–463.
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267:References
82:Occupation
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198:Pilobolus
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255:See also
154:cytology
124:botanist
48:American
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408:Bibcode
400:Science
169:tritici
167:f. sp.
63:, 1905
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