51:
The Ming and Qing archival records identify the Ryukyu
Islands among the "unconquered barbarian countries" rather than among China's colonies. The Ryukyuan missions to China were managed by the Reception Department of the Board of Ceremonies rather than by some other Imperial bureau or agency.
55:
The 500-years old tributary missions ended in the late 19th century when the
Sinocentric tributary state system was superseded by the Westphalian multi-state system, i.e. in 1875 during the forced annexation period of the
47:
established formal relations with China in 1374. Satto became the first
Ryukyuan king to send a mission to China. He was also the first to receive investiture and to submit to Chinese suzerainty in 1372.
446:
77:
456:
451:
327:
Japan and Its East Asian
Neighbors: Japan's Perceptionf of China and Korea and the Making of Foreign Policy from the Seventeenth to the Nineteenth Century,
423:
409:
354:
250:
92:
82:
379:
305:
225:
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system of bilateral and multinational relationships in East Asia. A total of 347 Ryukyuan missions to China have been recorded.
87:
290:
283:
401:
297:
346:
97:
372:
Sovereign Rights and
Territorial Space in Sino-Japanese Relations: Irredentism and the Diaoyu/Senkaku Islands.
321:
China in
Tokugawa Foreign Relations: The Tokugawa Bakufuâs Perception of and Attitudes toward Ming-Qing China,
107:
142:
139:
416:
The
Foundations of Japan's Modernization: a comparison with China's Path towards Modernization.
427:
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309:
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102:
65:
398:
State and
Diplomacy in Early Modern Japan: Asia in the Development of the Tokugawa Bakufu
329:
Ph.D. dissertation, Ohio State
University, 2004, as cited in Tsutsui, William M. (2009).
367:
258:
57:
19:
were diplomatic missions that were intermittently sent from the
Ryukyuan kings to the
440:
61:
190:
167:
149:
28:
24:
20:
395:
340:
240:
44:
431:
387:
233:
362:
270:
313:
40:
218:
East Asia Before the West: Five Centuries of Trade and Tribute.
184:
East Asia Before the West: Five Centuries of Trade and Tribute,
282:
Goodrich, Luther Carrington and Zhaoying Fang. (1976).
242:
The Origins of Banana-fibre Cloth in the Ryukyus, Japan
27:
emperors. These diplomatic contacts were within the
78:Imperial Chinese missions to the Ryukyu Kingdom
396:https://books.google.com/books?id=2hK7tczn2QoC
8:
220:New York : Columbia University Press.
263:Okinawa, the History of an Island People.
201:
143:Okinawa, the History of an Island People,
125:
447:Foreign relations of the Ryukyu Kingdom
292:Dictionary of Ming biography, 1368-1644
285:Dictionary of Ming biography, 1368-1644
118:
374:Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press.
457:Foreign relations of the Qing dynasty
452:Foreign relations of the Ming dynasty
93:Joseon missions to the Ryukyu Kingdom
7:
83:Foreign relations of Imperial China
17:Ryukyuan missions to Imperial China
338:Nussbaum, Louis-Frédéric. (2002).
265:Rutland, Vermont: C.E. Tuttle Co.
14:
332:A Companion to Japanese History,
1:
245:, Leuven University Press,
239:Hendrickx, Katrien (2007),
88:Ryukyuan missions to Joseon
473:
318:Mizuno, Norihito. (2003).
402:Stanford University Press
298:Columbia University Press
392:Toby, Ronald P. (1991).
347:Harvard University Press
137:Kerr, George H. (1965).
98:Ryukyuan missions to Edo
414:Yoda, Yoshiie. (1996).
216:Kang, David C. (2010).
178:Kang, David C. (2010).
341:Japan Encyclopedia
424:978-9-004-09999-9
410:978-0-8047-1951-3
355:978-0-674-01753-5
294:(æ代å人å³), Vol. II.
252:978-90-5867-614-6
464:
255:
205:
204:, p. 56â57.
199:
193:
176:
170:
158:
152:
135:
129:
123:
472:
471:
467:
466:
465:
463:
462:
461:
437:
436:
418:Leiden: Brill.
368:Suganuma, Unryu
287:(æ代å人å³), Vol. I
279:
277:Further reading
259:Kerr, George H.
253:
238:
213:
208:
200:
196:
177:
173:
159:
155:
148:, p. 63â65, at
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66:Empire of Japan
37:
12:
11:
5:
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202:Hendrickx 2007
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126:Hendrickx 2007
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105:
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90:
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58:Ryukyu Kingdom
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13:
10:
9:
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3:
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380:9780824821593
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325:excerpt from
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306:9780231038010
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226:9780231153188
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189:, p. 160, at
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128:, p. 42.
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62:Ryukyu Domain
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415:
400:. Stanford:
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191:Google Books
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168:Google Books
166:, p. 67, at
161:
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150:Google Books
144:
138:
133:
121:
54:
50:
38:
16:
15:
345:Cambridge:
108:KÅchi ChÅjÅ
29:Sinocentric
441:Categories
370:. (2000).
296:New York:
211:References
103:Ryūkyū-kan
432:246732011
388:170955369
234:562768984
64:) by the
363:48943301
271:39242121
261:(1965).
72:See also
323:p. 109.
314:1622199
186:p. 160.
35:History
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334:p. 83.
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163:p. 67.
160:Kerr,
145:p. 63.
60:(then
45:Chūzan
114:Notes
41:Satto
39:King
428:OCLC
420:ISBN
406:ISBN
384:OCLC
376:ISBN
359:OCLC
351:ISBN
310:OCLC
302:ISBN
267:OCLC
247:ISBN
230:OCLC
222:ISBN
25:Qing
23:and
21:Ming
43:of
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