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given approval to access journalists' phone records in pursuit of a criminal investigation. The presumption would be that if a journalist was acting in the public interest, they would be protected, he added. Hughes further said that if the police made an application to a court he would assume a journalist would be informed that the authorities were seeking to access his phone records. More than 100,000 RIPA requests are made every year for access to communications data against targets including private citizens. It is not known how many have involved journalists' phones.
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such police surveillance operations. He said: "I fully understand and share the concerns raised by the protection of journalistic sources so as to enable a free press. Today I have written to all chief constables and directed them under section 58 (1) of the
Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (Ripa) to provide me with full details of all investigations that have used Ripa powers to acquire communications data to identify journalistic sources. My office will undertake a full inquiry into these matters and report our findings to the prime minister".
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had authorised the surveillance and tried to argue that it was justified under RIPA, but in a subsequent ruling by the
Investigatory Powers Tribunal – its first ever ruling – the surveillance was deemed to be unlawful. The same council put fishermen under covert surveillance to check for the illegal harvesting of cockles and clams in ways that are regulated by RIPA. David Smith, deputy commissioner at the ICO (Information Commissioner's Office) stated that he was concerned about the surveillance which took place in
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takeaway worker being investigated as part of a police investigation into a child exploitation network, was sentenced, at
Preston Crown Court, to four months' imprisonment. Mr Drage was arrested in May 2009, after investigating officers searched his home near Blackpool. He had been required, under this act, to provide his 50-character encryption key but had not complied.
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investigating office just needs approval from a senior officer rather than the formal approval of a court hearing. Media lawyers and press freedom groups are concerned by the use of RIPA because it happens in secret and the press have no way of knowing whether their sources have been compromised. Responding to
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second former policeman, Scott
Gelsthorpe, was sentenced to 24 months for offences including conspiracy to intercept communications unlawfully. Three other former police officers and a private detective were also jailed for their part in running a private detective agency called Active Investigation Services.
1444:, some parts of the Act required activation by a ministerial order before attaining legal force. Such orders have been made in respect of the relevant sections of Part I and Part II of the RIP Act and Part III. The latter became active in October 2007. The first case where the powers were used was against
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operations every month for petty offences such as under-age smoking and breaches of planning regulations, the Office of
Surveillance Commissioners' last report shows that public bodies granted 8,477 requests for directed surveillance, down over 1,400 on the previous year. Less than half of those were
540:
collecting any tax, duty, levy or other imposition, contribution or charge payable to a government department and for the purpose, in an emergency, of preventing death or injury or any damage to a person's physical or mental health, or of any injury or damage to a person's physical or mental health.
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put three children and their parents under surveillance, at home and in their daily movements, to check whether they lived in a particular school catchment area. Council officials carried out directed surveillance on the family a total of 21 times. Tim Martin, the council's head of legal services,
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and George Nelson
Liddell pleaded guilty to offences under the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act in 2005. They were found to have intercepted emails at the company Redbus Interhouse. Stanford was sentenced to six months' imprisonment suspended for two years, and fined £20,000. It was alleged
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complaint Sir Paul
Kennedy, the interception of communications commissioner, launched a full inquiry and urged Home Office ministers to accelerate the introduction of promised protections for journalists, lawyers and others who handle privileged information, including confidential helplines, from
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programme that the UK government would reform RIPA to prevent the police using surveillance powers to discover journalists' sources. He said that the police's use of RIPA's powers had been "entirely inappropriate" and in future the authorisation of a judge would be needed for police forces to be
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In the interests of national security, for the purpose of preventing or detecting crime or of preventing disorder, in the interests of the economic well-being of the United
Kingdom, in the interests of public safety, for the purpose of protecting public health and for the purpose of assessing or
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In the interests of national security, for the purpose of preventing or detecting crime or of preventing disorder, in the interests of the economic well-being of the United
Kingdom, in the interests of public safety, for the purpose of protecting public health and for the purpose of assessing or
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In 2007, Operation
Barbatus exposed a sophisticated criminal surveillance business organised by corrupt police officers. A former Metropolitan Police officer, Jeremy Young, was jailed for 27 months for various offences including six counts of conspiracy to intercept communications unlawfully. A
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In August 2009 it was announced that two people had been prosecuted and convicted for refusing to provide British authorities with their encryption keys, under Part III of the Act. The first of these was sentenced to a term of 9 months' imprisonment. In a 2010 case, Oliver Drage, a 19-year-old
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and one of its freelance journalists had also been obtained by Kent police force when they investigated Chris Huhne's speeding fraud. Journalists' sources are usually agreed to be privileged and protected from disclosure under European laws with which the UK complies. However, by using RIPA an
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In 2008, four people were cautioned for 'Unlawful intercepting of a postal, public or private telecommunications scheme', under ss. 1(1), (2) and (7). The circumstances of the offences are not known at the time of writing. Three people were tried for 'Failure to disclose key to protected
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In the interests of national security, for the purpose of preventing or detecting crime or of preventing disorder, in the interests of the economic well-being of the United Kingdom, in the interests of public safety, for the purpose of protecting public health, for the purpose of assessing or
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An Act to make provision for and about the interception of communications, the acquisition and disclosure of data relating to communications, the carrying out of surveillance, the use of covert human intelligence sources and the acquisition of the means by which electronic data protected by
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The 2000 Act established the Investigatory Powers Tribunal to hear complaints about surveillance by public bodies. The Tribunal replaced the Interception of Communications Tribunal, the Security Service Tribunal, and the Intelligence Services Tribunal with effect from 2 October 2000.
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encryption or passwords may be decrypted or accessed; to provide for Commissioners and a tribunal with functions and jurisdiction in relation to those matters, to entries on and interferences with property or with wireless telegraphy and to the carrying out of their functions by the
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to install technical systems to assist law enforcement agencies with interception activity. Although this equipment must be installed at the ISPs' expense, RIPA does provide that Parliament will examine appropriate funding for ISPs if the cost burden became unfairly high.
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granted by local authorities, and the commissioner reported that, "Generally speaking, local authorities use their powers sparingly with over half of them granting five or fewer authorisations for directed surveillance. Some sixteen per cent granted none at all."
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a county council or district council in England, a London borough council, the Common Council of the City of London in its capacity as a local authority, the Council of the Isles of Scilly, and any county council or county borough council in
1432:, sent out a letter to the leaders of every council in England, urging local governments not to use the new powers granted by RIPA "for trivial matters", and suggested "reviewing these powers annually by an appropriate scrutiny committee".
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by disclosing a password to government representatives. Failure to do so is a criminal offence, with a penalty of two years in prison or five years in cases involving national security or child indecency. Using the mechanism of
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A number of offences have been prosecuted involving the abuse of investigatory powers. Widely reported cases include the Stanford/Liddell case, the Goodman/Mulcaire Royal voicemail interception, and Operation Barbatus.
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be forced to provide a plaintext (decrypted) copy of their encrypted data, if the defendant had previously willingly shown the authorities the drive's contents (i.e., having previously incriminated himself with those
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Following a public consultation and Parliamentary debate, Parliament approved new additions in December 2003, April 2005, July 2006 and February 2010. A draft bill was put before Parliament during 4 November 2015.
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which would permit, in certain circumstances, to authorise security, intelligence and police agencies to participate in criminal conduct during their operations. This Bill would amend the RIPA where required.
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1468:. In both cases, journalists' telephone records were obtained using the powers of the act in order to identify their sources, bypassing the usual court proceedings needed to obtain such information.
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The reasons for which the use of directed surveillance & covert human intelligence sources is permitted vary with each authority. Refer to the legislation for more specific information.
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was accused of spying unfairly on a family. Although the Council invoked powers under RIPA to establish whether a family fell into a certain school catchment area, when taken before the
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The type of communications data that can be accessed varies with the reason for its use, and cannot be adequately explained here. Refer to the legislation for more specific information.
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In October 2014, it was revealed that RIPA had been used by UK police forces to obtain information about journalists' sources in at least two cases. These related to the so-called
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In the interests of national security, for the purpose of preventing or detecting serious crime and for the purpose of safeguarding the economic well-being of the United Kingdom
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In the interests of national security, for the purpose of preventing or detecting serious crime and in the interests of the economic well-being of the United Kingdom.
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The Regulation of Investigatory Powers (RIP) Bill was introduced in the House of Commons on 9 February 2000 and completed its Parliamentary passage on 26 July.
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1248:(for the purposes of the NHS Directorate, NHS Finance Division, Common Agricultural Policy Management Division and Care Standards Inspectorate for Wales)
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The reasons for which the use of directed surveillance is permitted vary with each authority. Refer to the legislation for more specific information.
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information' under s. 53 (of which 2 were tried). One person was tried for 'Disclosing details of Section 49 Notice' under s. 54.
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RIPA regulates the manner in which certain public bodies may conduct surveillance and access a person's electronic communications. The Act:
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The Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Designation of Public Authorities for the Purposes of Intrusive Surveillance) Order 2001
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The Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Directed Surveillance and Covert Human Intelligence Sources) (Amendment) Order 2006
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The Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Directed Surveillance and Covert Human Intelligence Sources) (Amendment) Order 2005
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and a customs officer designated for the purposes by the Commissioners of Revenue and Customs including Border Force.
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Statutory instruments Nos 3171 and 3172 of 2003, 1083 and 1084 of 2005, 1874 and 1878 of 2006 and 480 and 521 of 2010
2007:"Judgment of Investigatory Powers Tribunal in the case of Ms Jenny Paton & five others v. Poole Borough Council"
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Authorisation from the head of the relevant agency: chief constable of any of the territorial police forces, the
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Information about a communication, but not the content of that communication (phone numbers, subscriber details)
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for "covert operations", and that such flights are covered by the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000.
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The Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Directed Surveillance and Covert Human Intelligence Sources) Order 2003
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collecting any tax, duty, levy or other imposition, contribution or charge payable to a government department.
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collecting any tax, duty, levy or other imposition, contribution or charge payable to a government department.
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2306:
1799:"The Grim RIPA – Cataloguing the ways in which local authorities have abused their covert surveillance powers"
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prevents the existence of interception warrants and any data collected with them from being revealed in court.
1728:
Roberts, Andrew (2006). "Court of Appeal Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000: Private Surveillance".
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The Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Communications Data) (Additional Functions and Amendment) Order 2006
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has been very critical of these views, stating that the use of surveillance is critical to their success.
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1314:. The act has numerous critics, many of whom regard the RIPA regulations as excessive and a threat to
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published a report in 2010 investigating the improper use of RIPA by local councils. Critics such as
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1615:. The reason given is: The Bill is now an Act. Please determine how it actually changed the RIPA.
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Despite claims in the press that local councils are conducting over a thousand RIPA-based
1401:. Other councils in the UK have conducted undercover operations regulated by RIPA against
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2694:"EXPLANATORY MEMORANDUM TO THE COVERT HUMAN INTELLIGENCE SOURCES (CRIMINAL CONDUCT) BILL"
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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GCHQ, Secret Intelligence Service, Security Service, Ministry of Defence, armed forces,
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complaint coincided with confirmation that the phone records of the news editor of the
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were used to push the act through and that there was little substantive debate in the
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enables certain public bodies to demand ISPs fit equipment to facilitate surveillance;
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could be said to make the task of investigations featuring RIPA much more difficult.
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2255:"Police told to reveal use of surveillance powers to identify journalists' sources"
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in England (for the purposes of the Complaints, Investigation and Enforcement Team)
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The Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Communications Data) (Amendment) Order 2005
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ostensibly to take account of technological change such as the growth of the
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Click "show"
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2281:"British police's use of Ripa powers to snoop on journalists to be reined in"
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as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from
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2130:(Press release). Local Government Association. 23 June 2008. Archived from
2228:"Sun makes official complaint over police use of Ripa against journalists"
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The Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Intrusive Surveillance) Order 2003
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1983:
1513:
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1338:, has urged councils to stop using the law, accusing them of acting like
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Between 2000 and 2009 the tribunal upheld only 4 out of 956 complaints.
3415:
List of people arrested in the News International phone-hacking scandal
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702:
The Regulation of Investigatory Powers (Communications Data) Order 2003
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BBC News Website (April 2008) – RIPA Spy law 'used in dog fouling war'
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Legislation that stipulates public agencies with investigative powers
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allows certain public bodies to monitor people's Internet activities;
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Regulation of Investigatory Powers Information Centre (against RIP)
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Northern Ireland Health and Social Services Central Services Agency
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Northern Ireland Ambulance Service Health and Social Services Trust
838:
Department of Enterprise, Trade and Investment for Northern Ireland
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1393:
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1176:(for the purposes of HM Prison Service and the UK Border Agency)
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Another concern is that the Act requires sufficiently large UK
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421:
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169:
67:
26:
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Shepherd, Jessica; correspondent, education (2 August 2010).
2607:"Council uses criminal law to spy on school place applicants"
2146:"Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000: Section 53"
1590:
it was found guilty of improper use of surveillance powers.
1555:
was sentenced to four months in prison for intercepting the
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2751:"Reports of the Interception of Communication Commissioner"
2719:"Covert Human Intelligence Sources (Criminal Conduct) Bill"
1056:
Directed surveillance and covert human intelligence sources
435:
demand that someone hand over keys to protected information
1636:
Covert Human Intelligence Sources (Criminal Conduct) Bill
1392:
In April 2008, it became known that council officials in
1187:(for the purposes of the Northern Ireland Prison Service)
2032:"Poole Council loses school catchment 'spying' tribunal"
692:
Schedule 1 to the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act
424:
provide access to a customer's communications in secret;
1891:"Trading Standards are not snoopers, TSI tells critics"
1485:
use of anti-terror laws to obtain the phone records of
427:
enables mass surveillance of communications in transit;
349:
Text of the Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000
2567:
Policing cyber hate, cyber threats and cyber terrorism
2221:
2219:
2217:
1435:
Especially contentious was Part III of the Act, which
2515:"UK jails schizophrenic for refusal to decrypt files"
2171:"Contested UK encryption disclosure law takes effect"
3606:
History of telecommunications in the United Kingdom
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3484:
3427:
3367:
3201:
3163:
3045:
3036:
2964:
2911:
2902:
2863:
2513:Williams, Christopher Williams (24 November 2009).
1206:
Office of the Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland
1099:
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
952:
Office of the Police Ombudsman for Northern Ireland
848:
Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency
347:
340:
333:
323:
318:
308:
278:
98:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
2332:
1839:Rayner, Gordon; Alleyne, Richard (14 April 2008).
1085:Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs
982:NHS Counter Fraud and Security Management Service
2809:Articles on aspects of RIPA and Surveillance Law
1437:requires persons to (allegedly) self-incriminate
1409:. In April 2016, 12 councils said that they use
420:enables certain public bodies to demand that an
2463:"Ministry of Justice, RIPA Statistics for 2008"
1893:(Press release). 23 August 2012. Archived from
832:Department of Agriculture and Rural Development
1634:In October 2020 the Government introduced the
1559:of members of the Royal Family as part of the
1076:Commission for Healthcare Audit and Inspection
2841:
2307:"Redbus and Demon founder denied RIPA appeal"
1537:Stanford had intercepted emails between Dame
825:a district council within the meaning of the
107:"Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000"
8:
2389:"'Network' of police linked to private eyes"
827:Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972
254:
3552:Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000
2540:"Man jailed over computer password refusal"
2489:"Two convicted for refusal to decrypt data"
363:Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000
255:Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act 2000
61:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3042:
2908:
2848:
2834:
2826:
2582:The Constitution and Constitutional Reform
2128:"Review urged on RIPA surveillance powers"
1545:(Chairman of Redbus Interhouse). In 2007,
1508:On 12 October 2014, the justice minister,
1477:made an official written complaint to the
782:in its capacity as a local authority, the
464:Type of public authority permitted to use
253:
199:. Please do not remove this message until
2641:"Family win school catchment spying case"
1112:(for the purposes of transport security,
1039:the special police forces (including the
237:Learn how and when to remove this message
219:Learn how and when to remove this message
158:Learn how and when to remove this message
2992:Independent Police Complaints Commission
2873:News International phone hacking scandal
2487:Williams, Christopher (11 August 2009).
2362:"Clive Goodman sentenced to four months"
1561:News International phone hacking scandal
1282:His Majesty's Chief Inspector of Schools
920:Independent Police Complaints Commission
682:
451:
195:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2886:News Corporation takeover bid for BSkyB
1720:
1677:Mass surveillance in the United Kingdom
840:(for the purposes of Trading Standards)
3616:United Kingdom Acts of Parliament 2000
2797:Parliament "didn't understand RIP Act"
2675:
2665:
1452:Identification of journalists' sources
1164:Government Communications Headquarters
1024:Scottish Environment Protection Agency
895:Government Communications Headquarters
300:Government Communications Headquarters
3621:Law enforcement in the United Kingdom
2461:Ministry of Justice (21 March 2010).
1841:"Council spy cases hit 1,000 a month"
1834:
1832:
1830:
342:Text of statute as originally enacted
7:
2894:phone hacking scandal investigations
2279:Wintour, Patrick (12 October 2014).
1697:Interception Modernisation Programme
1169:Commissioners of Revenue and Customs
1114:Vehicle and Operator Services Agency
804:Marine Accident Investigation Branch
780:Common Council of the City of London
96:adding citations to reliable sources
3438:HM Advocate v Sheridan and Sheridan
2763:from the original on 9 October 2022
2731:from the original on 9 October 2022
2436:"Former police private eyes jailed"
2197:"Campaigners hit by decryption law"
2108:from the original on 9 October 2022
2078:"Spying council to be investigated"
1953:"Council 'spied on woman 21 times'"
1815:from the original on 9 October 2022
1466:perversion of the course of justice
1298:Critics claim that the spectres of
1201:Office of the Deputy Prime Minister
875:Fire Authority for Northern Ireland
625:The territorial police forces, the
2977:Culture, Media and Sport Committee
2605:Schlesinger, Fay (11 April 2008).
2387:Bone, Victoria (10 October 2007).
2360:Tryhorn, Chris (26 January 2007).
2331:Smith, Lewis (16 September 2005).
2226:O'Carroll, Lisa (6 October 2014).
2060:"Spying council targets fishermen"
1909:"Family's shock at council spying"
1424:In June 2008, the chairman of the
1050:Welsh Ambulance Services NHS Trust
814:Air Accidents Investigation Branch
809:Rail Accident Investigation Branch
679:Agencies with investigative powers
25:
2756:. Investigatory Powers Tribunal.
1979:"Council admits spying on family"
1935:"Council admits spying on family"
1865:"Council 'acted like Dick Tracy'"
572:Covert human intelligence sources
433:enables certain public bodies to
42:This article has multiple issues.
3570:
3569:
2857:2011–12 News Corporation scandal
2334:"Tycoon fined for e-mail spying"
1602:
1128:Department for Work and Pensions
1105:Department of Trade and Industry
1041:Scottish Drug Enforcement Agency
1012:Scottish Ambulance Service Board
967:Post Office Investigation Branch
854:Department of Trade and Industry
756:Criminal Cases Review Commission
586:Senior member of that authority
566:Senior member of that authority
546:Senior member of that authority
467:Level of authorisation required
383:Parliament of the United Kingdom
272:Parliament of the United Kingdom
265:
174:
72:
31:
3024:Solicitors Regulation Authority
2982:Federal Bureau of Investigation
2414:"Six men jailed for misconduct"
2253:Travis, Alan (6 October 2014).
2195:Ward, Mark (20 November 2007).
2169:Kirk, Jeremy (1 October 2007).
1567:received a six-month sentence.
1481:to seek a public review of the
1460:inquiry and the prosecution of
1159:Gangmasters Licensing Authority
890:Gangmasters Licensing Authority
763:for the Scottish Health Service
608:Northern Ireland Prison Service
576:Informers; undercover officers
473:Interception of a communication
83:needs additional citations for
50:or discuss these issues on the
3475:R v Coulson, Brooks and others
1288:General Pharmaceutical Council
1122:Maritime and Coastguard Agency
819:Maritime and Coastguard Agency
784:Council of the Isles of Scilly
1:
3517:Foreign Corrupt Practices Act
1672:Investigatory Powers Act 2016
1649:Investigatory Powers Tribunal
1643:Investigatory Powers Tribunal
1588:Investigatory Powers Tribunal
1479:Investigatory Powers Tribunal
1388:Accusations of oppressive use
1272:Health & Safety Executive
1046:the territorial police forces
619:Cabinet Secretary for Justice
524:Cabinet Secretary for Justice
302:; and for connected purposes.
3626:Home Office (United Kingdom)
2584:. Philip Allan. p. 61.
1483:London Metropolitan Police's
1448:activists in November 2007.
1426:Local Government Association
1020:where it is a fire authority
997:Royal Navy Regulating Branch
933:where it is a fire authority
662:Royal Navy Regulating Branch
645:and HM Revenue and Customs.
635:Royal Navy Regulating Branch
604:His Majesty's Prison Service
526:AND a Judicial Commissioner
391:Tony Blair Labour government
3014:Press Complaints Commission
2881:royal phone hacking scandal
1351:Trading Standards Institute
1231:Secret Intelligence Service
1138:Financial Conduct Authority
1028:Secret Intelligence Service
977:NHS ambulance service Trust
900:Health and Safety Executive
864:Financial Conduct Authority
506:Secret Intelligence Service
389:. It was introduced by the
296:Secret Intelligence Service
201:conditions to do so are met
3642:
1808:. bigbrotherwatch.org.uk.
1646:
1582:In a further case in 2010
1381:internet service providers
1318:in the UK. Campaign group
1211:Postal Services Commission
972:Postal Services Commission
650:Ministry of Defence Police
627:Ministry of Defence Police
532:Use of communications data
251:United Kingdom legislation
3565:
2814:26 September 2008 at the
2565:Blakemore, Brian (2016).
2158:, 2000 c. 23 (s. 53)
1687:Rubber-hose cryptanalysis
1611:This section needs to be
1097:(for the purposes of the
1087:(for the purposes of the
912:(for the purposes of the
870:fire and rescue authority
846:(for the purposes of the
598:
595:
590:
514:territorial police forces
264:
259:
1703:United States v. Boucher
1411:unmanned aerial vehicles
1277:Information Commissioner
1253:territorial police force
1221:Port of Liverpool Police
1118:Driving Standards Agency
1110:Department for Transport
962:Port of Liverpool Police
937:Office of Communications
925:Information Commissioner
798:Department for Transport
654:British Transport Police
631:British Transport Police
596:Bugging houses/vehicles
2802:21 January 2005 at the
1730:Journal of Criminal Law
1525:Prosecutions under RIPA
1185:Northern Ireland Office
1089:Marine Fisheries Agency
800:, for the purposes of:
3547:Politico-media complex
2096:"OSC Report 2010–2011"
1451:
1196:Office of Fair Trading
1007:Royal Air Force Police
947:The Pensions Regulator
942:Office of Fair Trading
905:HM Revenue and Customs
792:county borough council
776:London borough council
761:Common Services Agency
670:Royal Air Force Police
643:Royal Air Force Police
592:Intrusive surveillance
498:HM Revenue and Customs
3596:Computing legislation
3120:Gerry and Kate McCann
2987:Harbottle & Lewis
2724:. 23 September 2020.
2580:Gallop, Nick (2011).
2416:. Metropolitan Police
2156:The National Archives
1742:10.1350/jcla.70.4.286
1692:Plausible deniability
1667:Human Rights Act 1998
1584:Poole Borough Council
1442:secondary legislation
1263:Directed surveillance
1149:Food Standards Agency
1002:Royal Military Police
880:Food Standards Agency
666:Royal Military Police
639:Royal Military Police
552:Directed surveillance
3385:Lord Justice Leveson
3019:Serious Fraud Office
2790:4 April 2004 at the
1332:Member of Parliament
1257:special police force
1241:Serious Fraud Office
1216:Port of Dover Police
1095:Department of Health
1035:Serious Fraud Office
957:Port of Dover Police
844:Department of Health
834:for Northern Ireland
490:Defence Intelligence
92:improve this article
3165:Metropolitan Police
2997:Metropolitan Police
2699:. 23 September 2020
1897:on 3 November 2014.
1846:The Daily Telegraph
1418:covert surveillance
1358:deniable encryption
1180:Ministry of Defence
1154:Gambling Commission
885:Gambling Commission
742:Communications data
685:
613:Authorisation from
256:
188:of this article is
3557:Social engineering
3532:Operation Motorman
3493:Dial M for Murdoch
3485:In popular culture
3055:7/7 attack victims
2921:News International
2678:has generic name (
2151:legislation.gov.uk
1773:"To MI5 with love"
1133:Environment Agency
1071:Charity Commission
859:Environment Agency
751:Charity Commission
683:
353:legislation.gov.uk
3611:Mass surveillance
3583:
3582:
3469:Operation Weeting
3459:Operation Rubicon
3449:Operation Elveden
3423:
3422:
3410:John Whittingdale
3349:Neville Thurlbeck
3032:
3031:
2927:News of the World
2892:News of the World
2879:News of the World
2591:978-0-340-98720-9
2442:. 10 October 2007
1959:. 5 November 2009
1806:Big Brother Watch
1779:. 7 November 2015
1632:
1631:
1548:News of the World
1471:The UK newspaper
1336:Northampton South
1320:Big Brother Watch
739:
738:
676:
675:
556:Following people
359:
358:
260:Act of Parliament
247:
246:
239:
229:
228:
221:
168:
167:
160:
142:
65:
16:(Redirected from
3633:
3601:Cryptography law
3573:
3572:
3464:Operation Tuleta
3454:Operation Kalmyk
3241:James Desborough
3216:Jonathan Chapman
3203:News Corporation
3100:Sheryl Gascoigne
3075:Charlotte Church
3043:
2948:The Sunday Times
2913:News Corporation
2909:
2850:
2843:
2836:
2827:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2768:
2762:
2755:
2747:
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2738:
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2602:
2596:
2595:
2577:
2571:
2570:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2546:. 5 October 2010
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2183:
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2166:
2160:
2159:
2142:
2136:
2135:
2134:on 26 June 2008.
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2019:
2017:
2011:
2003:
1997:
1996:
1994:
1992:
1975:
1969:
1968:
1966:
1964:
1949:
1943:
1942:
1941:. 11 April 2008.
1931:
1925:
1924:
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1920:
1905:
1899:
1898:
1887:
1881:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1861:
1855:
1854:
1849:. Archived from
1836:
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1624:
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1606:
1605:
1598:
1563:. His associate
1312:House of Commons
1246:Welsh Government
1236:Security Service
1031:Security Service
1018:Scottish council
914:UK Border Agency
772:district council
686:
658:Provosts Marshal
583:As listed above
563:As listed below
543:As listed below
510:Security Service
461:Reasons for use
452:
292:Security Service
269:
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35:
34:
27:
21:
3641:
3640:
3636:
3635:
3634:
3632:
3631:
3630:
3586:
3585:
3584:
3579:
3561:
3527:Operation Glade
3505:
3480:
3444:Leveson Inquiry
3430:and legal cases
3429:
3419:
3390:Jay Rockefeller
3363:
3359:James Weatherup
3279:Lawrence Jacobs
3265:Simon Greenberg
3197:
3188:Paul Stephenson
3159:
3125:Elle Macpherson
3095:Garry Flitcroft
3028:
2960:
2904:
2898:
2859:
2854:
2816:Wayback Machine
2804:Wayback Machine
2792:Wayback Machine
2781:
2776:
2766:
2764:
2760:
2753:
2749:
2748:
2744:
2734:
2732:
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2203:
2194:
2193:
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2168:
2167:
2163:
2144:
2143:
2139:
2126:
2125:
2121:
2111:
2109:
2105:
2098:
2094:
2093:
2089:
2076:
2075:
2071:
2058:
2057:
2053:
2043:
2041:
2040:. 2 August 2010
2030:
2029:
2025:
2015:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2004:
2000:
1990:
1988:
1987:. 10 April 2008
1977:
1976:
1972:
1962:
1960:
1951:
1950:
1946:
1933:
1932:
1928:
1918:
1916:
1915:. 10 April 2008
1907:
1906:
1902:
1889:
1888:
1884:
1874:
1872:
1863:
1862:
1858:
1853:on 21 May 2008.
1838:
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1645:
1628:
1622:
1619:
1616:
1607:
1603:
1596:
1527:
1512:, confirmed on
1487:Tom Newton Dunn
1454:
1390:
1316:civil liberties
1296:
1265:
1058:
744:
681:
450:
414:
336:
335:Status: Amended
304:
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3510:Related topics
3507:
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3433:
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3428:Investigations
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3418:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
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3387:
3382:
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3356:
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3341:
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3331:
3326:
3324:Rupert Murdoch
3321:
3316:
3314:Glenn Mulcaire
3311:
3306:
3301:
3296:
3291:
3289:Stuart Kuttner
3286:
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3271:
3266:
3263:
3261:Baron Grabiner
3258:
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3211:Rebekah Brooks
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3140:Ian Paisley Jr
3137:
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2824:
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2806:
2794:
2780:
2779:External links
2777:
2775:
2774:
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2505:
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2467:WhatDoTheyKnow
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2187:
2161:
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2087:
2084:. 28 May 2008.
2069:
2066:. 13 May 2008.
2051:
2023:
2012:. 29 July 2010
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1647:Main article:
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1595:
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1565:Glenn Mulcaire
1539:Shirley Porter
1534:Cliff Stanford
1526:
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1496:Mail on Sunday
1453:
1450:
1389:
1386:
1360:" features in
1304:internet crime
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3537:Phone hacking
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3319:James Murdoch
3317:
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3299:Paul McMullan
3297:
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3294:William Lewis
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3256:Clive Goodman
3254:
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3251:Ian Edmondson
3249:
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3155:J. K. Rowling
3153:
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3150:John Prescott
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3130:Sienna Miller
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3047:Known victims
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2008:
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1986:
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1871:. 22 May 2008
1870:
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1777:The Economist
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1705:
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1695:
1693:
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1688:
1685:
1683:
1682:Phone hacking
1680:
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1553:Clive Goodman
1551:royal editor
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1446:animal rights
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1362:free software
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518:Warrant from
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109: –
108:
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103:Find sources:
97:
93:
87:
86:
81:This article
79:
75:
70:
69:
64:
62:
55:
54:
49:
48:
43:
38:
29:
28:
19:
3551:
3498:
3491:
3473:
3436:
3399:Guido Fawkes
3395:Paul Staines
3226:Andy Coulson
3221:Daniel Cloke
3178:Peter Clarke
3115:Tessa Jowell
3090:Milly Dowler
3085:Anne Diamond
3080:Steve Coogan
3065:Gordon Brown
2956:News Limited
2946:
2939:
2932:
2925:
2891:
2878:
2765:. Retrieved
2745:
2733:. Retrieved
2713:
2701:. Retrieved
2688:
2676:|last2=
2656:. Retrieved
2645:The Guardian
2644:
2634:
2622:. Retrieved
2611:The Guardian
2610:
2600:
2581:
2575:
2569:. Routledge.
2566:
2560:
2548:. Retrieved
2543:
2534:
2522:. Retrieved
2519:The Register
2518:
2508:
2496:. Retrieved
2493:The Register
2492:
2482:
2470:. Retrieved
2466:
2456:
2444:. Retrieved
2439:
2430:
2418:. Retrieved
2408:
2396:. Retrieved
2392:
2382:
2370:. Retrieved
2366:The Guardian
2365:
2355:
2343:. Retrieved
2338:
2326:
2314:. Retrieved
2311:The Register
2310:
2301:
2289:. Retrieved
2285:The Guardian
2284:
2274:
2262:. Retrieved
2259:The Guardian
2258:
2248:
2236:. Retrieved
2232:The Guardian
2231:
2204:. Retrieved
2200:
2190:
2178:. Retrieved
2174:
2164:
2149:
2140:
2132:the original
2122:
2110:. Retrieved
2090:
2081:
2072:
2063:
2054:
2042:. Retrieved
2035:
2026:
2014:. Retrieved
2001:
1989:. Retrieved
1982:
1973:
1961:. Retrieved
1956:
1947:
1938:
1929:
1917:. Retrieved
1912:
1903:
1895:the original
1885:
1873:. Retrieved
1868:
1859:
1851:the original
1844:
1817:. Retrieved
1805:
1793:
1781:. Retrieved
1776:
1767:
1758:
1733:
1729:
1723:
1707:
1701:
1656:
1652:
1633:
1620:
1612:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1569:
1546:
1532:
1528:
1517:
1510:Simon Hughes
1507:
1501:
1494:
1490:
1472:
1470:
1455:
1434:
1430:Simon Milton
1423:
1415:
1391:
1378:
1355:
1348:
1328:Brian Binley
1297:
1266:
1066:armed forces
1059:
745:
502:Border Force
482:reading post
458:Typical use
415:
406:
403:
374:
370:
362:
360:
329:28 July 2000
325:Royal assent
248:
233:
215:
206:
184:
154:
145:
135:
128:
121:
114:
102:
90:Please help
85:verification
82:
58:
51:
45:
44:Please help
41:
3380:Lord Fowler
3375:Nick Davies
3354:Neil Wallis
3339:Jamie Pyatt
3334:Lucy Panton
3329:Colin Myler
3304:Greg Miskiw
3183:Andy Hayman
3135:Ian Paisley
3070:Lee Chapman
2044:30 December
2016:30 December
1991:30 December
1736:: 286–289.
1543:John Porter
1462:Chris Huhne
1407:fly-tipping
1403:dog fouling
1340:comic strip
1308:paedophilia
1294:Controversy
1174:Home Office
931:Joint Board
910:Home Office
397:and strong
3590:Categories
3522:Hacked Off
3405:Tom Watson
3284:Joel Klein
3274:Sean Hoare
3269:Les Hinton
3193:John Yates
3145:Sara Payne
3105:Hugh Grant
3060:Leslie Ash
2767:22 October
2658:21 October
2624:21 October
2550:19 October
2524:18 October
2498:18 October
2291:13 October
2264:10 October
2112:19 October
1783:22 January
1716:References
1594:Amendments
1557:voice mail
1344:Dick Tracy
1342:detective
1226:Royal Mail
786:, and any
399:encryption
314:2000 c. 23
280:Long title
186:neutrality
148:April 2010
118:newspapers
47:improve it
3542:Phreaking
3246:Viet Dinh
3231:Tom Crone
3173:Sue Akers
3110:Andy Gray
2941:The Times
2735:6 October
2703:6 October
2668:cite news
2653:0261-3077
2619:0261-3077
2339:The Times
2238:9 October
2206:5 January
2180:5 January
1919:5 January
1875:5 January
1750:147137468
1711:contents)
1518:Murnaghan
1502:The Sun's
1491:The Sun's
1374:BestCrypt
1370:TrueCrypt
1334:(MP) for
1324:Keith Vaz
1300:terrorism
478:Wire taps
197:talk page
53:talk page
18:RIPA 2000
3575:Category
2812:Archived
2800:Archived
2788:Archived
2758:Archived
2726:Archived
2544:BBC News
2440:BBC News
2393:BBC News
2368:. London
2341:. London
2287:. London
2234:. London
2201:BBC News
2175:PC World
2103:Archived
2082:BBC News
2064:BBC News
2037:BBC News
1984:BBC News
1957:BBC News
1939:BBC News
1913:BBC News
1869:BBC News
1810:Archived
1661:See also
1623:May 2024
1514:Sky News
1458:Plebgate
1366:FreeOTFE
1364:such as
794:in Wales
395:Internet
377:) is an
310:Citation
298:and the
190:disputed
2934:The Sun
2472:8 March
1613:updated
1474:The Sun
668:or the
660:of the
652:or the
412:Summary
381:of the
132:scholar
3038:People
2865:Events
2651:
2617:
2588:
2446:27 May
2420:27 May
2398:27 May
2372:27 May
2345:21 May
2316:27 May
1963:22 May
1819:7 June
1748:
1428:, Sir
778:, the
656:, the
633:, the
629:, the
448:Powers
294:, the
134:
127:
120:
113:
105:
3368:Other
3009:Ofcom
2972:BSkyB
2965:Other
2761:(PDF)
2754:(PDF)
2729:(PDF)
2722:(PDF)
2697:(PDF)
2106:(PDF)
2099:(PDF)
2010:(PDF)
1813:(PDF)
1802:(PDF)
1746:S2CID
1399:Poole
1394:Poole
1356:The "
1191:Ofcom
1081:Wales
455:Type
367:c. 23
319:Dates
139:JSTOR
125:books
3002:role
2769:2015
2737:2020
2705:2020
2680:help
2660:2023
2649:ISSN
2626:2023
2615:ISSN
2586:ISBN
2552:2012
2526:2012
2500:2012
2474:2010
2448:2009
2422:2009
2400:2009
2374:2009
2347:2024
2318:2009
2293:2014
2266:2014
2240:2014
2208:2009
2182:2009
2114:2012
2046:2019
2018:2019
1993:2019
1965:2010
1921:2009
1877:2009
1821:2017
1785:2016
1541:and
1464:for
1405:and
1372:and
1349:The
1306:and
1120:and
1064:The
512:and
494:GCHQ
480:and
375:RIPA
361:The
183:The
111:news
1738:doi
1708:can
1516:'s
1255:or
790:or
770:or
617:or
606:or
522:or
422:ISP
379:Act
373:or
371:RIP
369:) (
94:by
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
