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whereas a full rotation of the worm screw only displaces the rack by one tooth width. By the same token, a rack and pinion mechanism yields a smaller linear force than a worm gear, for the same input torque. Also, a rack and pinion pair can be used in the opposite way, to turn linear force into
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A single pinion can simultaneously drive two racks, parallel but opposite; which will always be displaced by the same distance, only in opposite directions. Conversely, by applying opposite forces to the two racks one can obtain pure torque on the pinion, without any force component. This
345:, as in most gears. On the rack, on the other hand, the matching working surfaces are flat. One may intrepret them as involute tooth faces for a gear with infinite radius. In both parts the teeth are typically formed with a gear cutter(a
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with a rack replacing the gear, in that both convert torque to linear force. However the rack and pinion generally provides higher linear speed — since a full turn of the pinion displaces the rack by an amount equal to the pinion's
69:). Together, they convert between rotational motion and linear motion: rotating the pinion causes the rack to be driven in a line. Conversely, moving the rack linearly will cause the pinion to rotate.
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The time and place of the invention of the rack-and-pinion mechanism are unknown, but it presumably was not long after the invention of gears. The
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in the 1970s, so as to improve vehicle response and steering "feel", especially at high speeds. He also created a low cost
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The teeth of a rack and pinion pair may be either straight (parallel to the rotation axis, as in a
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process to manufacture the racks, eliminating the need to machine the gear teeth.
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The term "rack and pinion" may be used also when the rack is not straight but
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The use of a variable rack (still using a normal pinion) was invented by
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engages a rack usually placed between the rails, and helps to move the
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are evidence of these being well-known already a couple of centuries
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486:"Automax SuperNova Series Pneumatic Rack & Pinion Actuators"
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In 1598, firearms designer Zhao
Shizhen developed the Xuanyuan
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torque; whereas a worm drive can be used in only one way.
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and other industrial piping systems, a rack displaced by a
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A rack and pinion has roughly the same purpose than a
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151:mechanism can be used, for example, with a pair of
136:mechanism of cars are other notable applications.
464:. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg.
143:(bent), namely just a section of a large gear.
570:"Rack and pinion variable ratio steering gear"
938:
623:
556:明代の鐡砲傳來とオスマン帝國 : 神器譜と西域土地人物略」『史學』第31巻1-4
8:
534:, Cambridge University Press, p. 446,
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72:The rack and pinion mechanism is used in
429:American Gear Manufacturers Association
413:
296:that used a rack-and-pinion mechanism.
166:
419:
417:
100:, where the pinion is connected to a
7:
558:. Tokyo: 三田史学会、東京. pp. 692–719.
245:Double-rack pneumatic valve actuator
104:and displaces a vertical rack (the
528:Science & Civilisation in China
274:(軒轅銃), featuring a rack-and-pinion
1061:Continuously variable transmission
791:Continuously variable transmission
116:turns a pinion to open or close a
30:For rack-and-pinion railways, see
25:
1366:Automotive steering technologies
1340:
1339:
1329:
462:General Spatial Involute Gearing
359:
238:
226:
211:
199:
187:
169:
76:, where the pinion mounted on a
591:Worm Gears vs. Rack and pinion
282:Turkish matchlock design. The
65:) engaging a linear gear (the
41:Animation of a rack and pinion
1:
1096:Automated manual transmission
668:Epicyclic (planetary) gearing
206:Automobile steering mechanism
233:Funicular wheelset and brake
1171:Semi-automatic transmission
1397:
1008:Internal combustion engine
278:mechanism derived from an
55:that comprises a circular
29:
1325:
1307:Hybrid vehicle drivetrain
1196:Transmission control unit
1136:Limited-slip differential
1101:Electrorheological clutch
960:
912:Spur gear corrected tooth
376:List of gear nomenclature
311:Comparison with Worm gear
45:
1086:Dual-clutch transmission
1056:Constant-velocity joint
554:和田, 博徳 (October 1958).
491:. Flowserve Corporation
460:Phillips, Jack (2003).
288:(1621) later described
27:Type of linear actuator
1036:Automatic transmission
599:Archived on 2024-07-28
572:. Google Patent Search
257:south-pointing chariot
149:double rack and pinion
92:. It is also used in
42:
595:the company's website
593:". Online article at
509:Zhao Shizhen (1598):
449:. ANSI/AGMA 1012-G05.
391:Rack phase difference
261:Antikythera mechanism
159:with minimum stress.
132:, and the mechanical
40:
1141:Locking differential
1076:Direct-shift gearbox
834:Shaft-driven bicycle
431:. 2005. p. 72.
301:Arthur Ernest Bishop
163:Applications gallery
1166:Preselector gearbox
1146:Manual transmission
673:Sun and planet gear
401:Steep grade railway
259:from China and the
153:pneumatic actuators
1381:Turkish inventions
1312:Electric generator
1217:Wheel hub assembly
902:Gear manufacturing
738:Geartooth profiles
532:The Gunpowder Epic
43:
1353:
1352:
1106:Epicyclic gearing
975:Automotive engine
920:
919:
865:
864:
688:Non-circular gear
653:Spur gear systems
589:ZHY Gear(1023): "
530:, vol. V:7:
367:Technology portal
16:(Redirected from
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1210:Wheels and tires
1181:Torque converter
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51:is a type of
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1254:Racing slick
1191:Transfer box
1161:Park-by-wire
1156:Parking pawl
1071:Differential
1046:Direct-drive
1028:Transmission
1018:Steam engine
963:Part of the
962:
771:Differential
766:Transmission
719:Spiral bevel
662:
585:
574:. Retrieved
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510:
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493:. Retrieved
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461:
455:
424:
332:
322:pitch circle
314:
298:
283:
269:
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179:lifter on a
148:
145:
140:
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82:railroad car
71:
66:
60:
48:
44:
32:Rack railway
1232:Alloy wheel
1091:Drive wheel
1081:Drive shaft
1041:Chain drive
897:Chain drive
857:Wheel train
729:Herringbone
285:Wu Pei Chih
88:up a steep
1360:Categories
1317:Alternator
965:Automobile
954:Powertrain
892:Belt drive
877:Ball screw
824:Derailleur
658:Worm drive
576:2007-03-22
511:Shen Qi Pu
471:3662053020
408:References
386:Pitman arm
126:lock gates
122:Stairlifts
78:locomotive
1376:Actuators
1186:Transaxle
1151:Manumatic
1121:Gearshift
993:Fuel cell
907:Freewheel
887:Jackscrew
882:Leadscrew
759:Mechanics
335:spur gear
317:worm gear
276:matchlock
177:Lock gate
110:pipelines
1345:Category
1284:Tubeless
1269:Run-flat
1249:Off-road
1066:Coupling
988:Electric
870:See also
849:Horology
839:Sprocket
829:Hub gear
812:Bicycles
805:Examples
776:Coupling
745:Involute
526:(1986),
447:65562739
396:Sprocket
353:See also
343:involute
329:Geometry
292:Turkish
272:arquebus
220:wheelset
134:steering
90:gradient
750:Cycloid
724:Helical
646:Systems
339:helical
294:muskets
290:Ottoman
280:Ottoman
251:History
141:arcuate
108:). In
1335:Portal
1295:Hybrid
1259:Radial
1237:Hubcap
1051:Clutch
998:Hybrid
967:series
819:Cogset
796:Offset
697:Shapes
538:
495:7 July
468:
445:
435:
62:pinion
1371:Gears
1279:Spare
1222:Wheel
1126:Giubo
781:Train
714:Crown
709:Bevel
639:Gears
513:(神器譜)
489:(PDF)
337:) or
181:canal
157:valve
118:valve
102:lever
86:train
80:or a
59:(the
1274:Snow
1264:Rain
1244:Tire
704:Spur
536:ISBN
497:2014
466:ISBN
443:OCLC
433:ISBN
96:and
67:rack
57:gear
1227:Rim
349:).
347:hob
106:ram
1362::
597:.
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427:.
416:^
267:.
265:BC
128:,
124:,
120:.
1004:)
1000:(
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579:.
499:.
474:.
46:A
34:.
20:)
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